Kaidun meteorite

Short description: Meteorite found in Yemen

"Kaydun" redirects here. For the village in Iran, see Kaydun, Iran.

Kaidun

Type| Chondrite
Class| Carbonaceous chondrite
Group| CR2
Parent body| Phobos (disputed)
Country| Yemen
Region| Hadhramaut Governorate
Coordinates|  [ ⚑ ] : 15°0′N 48°18′E﻿ / ﻿15°N 48.3°E﻿ / 15; 48.3[1]
Observed fall| Yes
Fall date| 3 December 1980
TKW| 2 kg
Alternative names| Kaydun

Kaidun is a meteorite that fell on 3 December 1980 on a Soviet military base near what is now Al-Khuraybah in Hadhramaut, Yemen. A fireball was observed travelling from the northwest to the southeast, and a single stone weighing about 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) was recovered from a small impact pit.[1][2] It has been suggested that Kaidun originated from the Martian moon of Phobos, but this is disputed.

## Contents

* 1 Composition
* 2 Origin
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Composition

It contains a uniquely wide variety of minerals, causing debate about its origin. It is largely carbonaceous chondrite material of type CR2, but also contains fragments of other types, such as C1, CM1, and C3.[3] Of the nearly 60 minerals found in the meteorite, several have not been found elsewhere in nature,[which?] such as florenskyite, which has the chemical formula FeTiP.[4]

## Origin

In March 2004 it was suggested that the meteorite originated from the Martian moon Phobos.[5][6] The reason Phobos has been suggested is the existence of two extremely rare alkaline-rich clasts visible in the meteorite, each of which entered the rock at different times. This suggests that the parent body would have been near a source of an alkaline-rich rock, which is almost wholly produced by deep differentiation. This points to Mars and one of its moons, and Phobos is more likely than Deimos because it is closer to Mars.[7] However, mineralogical and noble gas work do not tie the lithic fragments to Mars, as they have other proven Martian meteorites, and this hypothesized link is tenuous at best. In support of the Phobos hypothesis, in 2017 two scientists at the Western University found that meteorites originating from Phobos (and even Deimos) can travel to Earth.[8]

## See also

* Glossary of meteoritics

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Meteoritical Bulletin Database: Kaidun
2. ↑ Ivanov, Andrei V.; Ulyanov, A. A.; Skripnic, A. Y.; Kononkova, N. N. (March 1984). "The Kaidun Polymict Carbonaceous Breccia: the Mixture of Incompatible Types of Meteorites". Lunar and Planetary Science 15: 393–394. Bibcode: 1984LPI....15..393I.
3. ↑ Zolensky, Michael; Ivanov, Andrei V. (2003). "The Kaidun Microbreccia Meteorite: A Harvest from the Inner and Outer Asteroid Belt". Geochemistry 63 (3): 185–246. doi:10.1078/0009-2819-00038. ISSN 0009-2819. Bibcode: 2003ChEG...63..185Z.
4. ↑ Ivanov, Andrei V.; Zolensky, Michael E.; Saito, Akihiro; Ohsumi, Kazumasa; Yang, Vincent; Kononkova, Nataliya N.; Mikouchi, Takashi (2000). "Florenskyite, FeTiP, a new phosphide from the Kaidun meteorite". American Mineralogist 85 (7–8): 1082–1086. doi:10.2138/am-2000-0725. ISSN 1945-3027. Bibcode: 2000AmMin..85.1082I. https://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/am/vol85/AM85_1082.pdf.
5. ↑ Hogan, Jenny (22 April 2004). "'Weird' meteorite may be from Mars moon". New Scientist. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4902-weird-meteorite-may-be-from-mars-moon.html.
6. ↑ Ivanov, Andrei V. (March 2004). "Is the Kaidun Meteorite a Sample from Phobos?". Solar System Research 38 (2): 97–107. doi:10.1023/B:SOLS.0000022821.22821.84. Bibcode: 2004SoSyR..38...97I.
7. ↑ Ivanov, Andrei V.; Zolensky, Michael (4 September 2003). "The Kaidun Meteorite: Where Did It Come From?". Lunar and Planetary Science 34. http://www.geokhi.ru/~meteorit/publication/ivanovlpsc03-e.pdf. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
8. ↑ Wiegert, P.; Galiazzo, M. (2017). "Meteorites from Phobos and Deimos at Earth?". Planetary and Space Science 142: 48–52. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2017.05.001. Bibcode: 2017P&SS..142...48W.

## External links

* Kaidun: A Meteorite with Everything but the Kitchen Sink, written by Linda M. V. Martel, Hawai‘i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology

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