Code of conduct

Short description: Set of rules

A code of conduct is a set of rules outlining the norms, rules, and responsibilities or proper practices of an individual party or an organization.

## Contents

* 1 Companies' codes of conduct
* 1.1 Accountants' code of conduct
* 2 Codes of conduct in practice
* 3 Examples
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Companies' codes of conduct

A company code of conduct is a set of rules which is commonly written for employees of a company, which protects the business and informs the employees of the company's expectations. It is appropriate for even the smallest of companies to create a document containing important information on expectations for employees.[1] The document does not need to be complex or have elaborate policies.

Failure of an employee to follow a company's code of conduct can have negative consequences. In Morgan Stanley v. Skowron, 989 F. Supp. 2d 356 (S.D.N.Y. 2013), applying New York's faithless servant doctrine, the court held that a hedge fund's employee engaging in insider trading in violation of his company's code of conduct, which also required him to report his misconduct, must repay his employer the full $31 million his employer paid him as compensation during his period of faithlessness.[2][3][4][5]

### Accountants' code of conduct

In its 2007 International Good Practice Guidance, "Defining and Developing an Effective Code of Conduct for Organizations", provided the following working definition: "Principles, values, standards, or rules of behaviour that guide the decisions, procedures, and systems of an organization in a way that (a) contributes to the welfare of its key stakeholders, and (b) respects the rights of all constituents affected by its operations."

## Codes of conduct in practice

A code of conduct can be an important part in establishing an inclusive culture, but it is not a comprehensive solution on its own. An ethical culture is created by the organization's leaders who manifest their ethics in their attitudes and behaviour.[6] Studies of codes of conduct in the private sector show that their effective implementation must be part of a learning process that requires training, consistent enforcement, and continuous measurement/improvement:[7] simply requiring members to read the code is not enough to ensure that they understand it and will remember its contents.[8] Castellano et al. describe Tom Morris' book If Aristotle Ran General Motors as "compelling" and "persuasive" in arguing that in addition to codes of conduct and ethical guidelines, the creation of an ethical workplace climate requires "socially harmonious relationships" to be embedded in practice.[9] The proof of effectiveness is when employees/members feel comfortable enough to voice concerns and believe that the organization will respond with appropriate action.[10]

## Examples

* Banking Code[11]
* Bushido
* Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief
* Code of Conduct for Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
* Code of Hammurabi
* Code of the United States Fighting Force
* Code of Service Discipline
* Declaration of Geneva
* Declaration of Helsinki
* Don't be evil
* Eight precepts
* Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct
* Five Pillars of Islam
* Golden Rule
* Geneva Conventions
* Hippocratic Oath
* ICC Cricket Code of Conduct
* International Code of Conduct against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (ICOC or Hague Code of Conduct)
* Journalist's Creed
* Kapu
* Moral Code of the Builder of Communism
* Pāṭimokkha
* Pirate code
* Rule of Saint Benedict
* Ten Commandments
* Ten precepts (Taoism)
* Uniform Code of Military Justice
* Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations

## See also

* Programming ethics

## References

1. ↑ "Building a compliance department". 26 July 2021. https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/en/insights/articles/building-a-compliance-department.
2. ↑ Glynn, Timothy P.; Arnow-Richman, Rachel S.; Sullivan, Charles A. (2019). Employment Law: Private Ordering and Its Limitations. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. ISBN 978-1543801064. https://books.google.com/books?id=3RaGDwAAQBAJ&q="faithless+servant"&pg=PA472.
3. ↑ Jerin Matthew (December 20, 2013). "'Faithless' Ex-Morgan Stanley Fund Manager Ordered to Repay $31m to Former Employer". https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/faithless-ex-morgan-stanley-fund-manager-ordered-repay-31m-former-employer-1429819.
4. ↑ Henning, Peter J. (December 23, 2013). "The Huge Costs of Being a 'Faithless Servant'". https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/12/23/the-huge-costs-of-being-a-faithless-servant/.
5. ↑ "Morgan Stanley seeks $10.2 million from convicted former trader". GreenwichTime. January 15, 2013. https://www.greenwichtime.com/news/article/Morgan-Stanley-seeks-10-2-million-from-convicted-4193127.php.
6. ↑ McMillan, Michael (2012-02-20). "Codes of Ethics: If You Adopt One, Will They Behave?". https://blogs.cfainstitute.org/investor/2012/02/20/codes-of-ethics-if-you-adopt-one-will-they-behave/.
7. ↑ Doig, Alan; Wilson, John (1998). "Business Ethics: A European Review Volume 7, Issue 3, July 1998". Business Ethics: A European Review 7 (3): 140–149. doi:10.1111/1467-8608.00100.
8. ↑ ACC. "Top Ten Tips for Developing an Effective Code of Conduct". http://www.acc.com/legalresources/publications/topten/codeofconduct.cfm.
9. ↑ Castellano, J. F., Rosenzweig, K. and Roehm, H. A., How Corporate Culture Impacts Unethical Distortion of Financial Numbers, Management Accounting Quarterly, Summer 2004, accessed 7 January 2023
10. ↑ Barman, Tanya; White, Samantha (June 2014). "Implementing an effective corporate ethics policy". http://www.cgma.org/magazine/issues/2014/jun/20149701.html.
11. ↑ Bank codes of conduct https://theconversation.com/bank-codes-of-conduct-add-bars-to-the-window-dressing-and-make-them-legally-binding-105391

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Social and environmental accountability

Ethics and
principles|

* Aarhus Convention
* Corporate accountability / behaviour / social responsibility
* Ethical banking
* Ethical code
* Extended producer responsibility
* Organizational ethics
* Organizational justice
* Principles for Responsible Investment
* Social responsibility
* Stakeholder theory
* Sullivan principles
* Transparency (behavioral
* social)
* UN Global Compact

Social
accounting|

* Double bottom line
* Ethical positioning index
* Higg Index
* Impact assessment (environmental
* equality
* social)
* ISO 26000
* ISO 45001
* Genuine progress indicator
* Performance indicator
* SA8000
* Social return on investment
* Whole-life cost

Environmental
accounting|

* Carbon accounting
* Eco-Management and Audit Scheme
* Emission inventory
* Environmental full-cost accounting / impact assessment / management system / profit-and-loss account
* ISO 14000
* ISO 14031
* Life-cycle assessment
* Pollutant release and transfer register
* Sustainability accounting / measurement / metrics and indices / standards and certification / supply chain
* Toxics Release Inventory
* Triple bottom line

Reporting|

* Global Reporting Initiative
* GxP guidelines
* Sustainability reporting

Auditing|

* Community-based monitoring
* Environmental (certification)
* Fair trade (certification)
* ISO 19011

Related|

* Bangladesh Accord
* Benefit corporation
* Child labour
* Community interest company
* Conflict of interest
* Disasters
* Disinvestment
* Eco-labeling
* Environmental pricing reform
* Environmental, social and corporate governance
* Ethical consumerism
* Euthenics
* Health impact assessment
* Market governance mechanism
* Product certification
* Public participation
* Social enterprise
* Socially responsible investing
* Stakeholder (engagement)
* Supply chain management

* Environment portal
* Category
* Commons
* Organizations

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