The Open Group

The Open Group is an industry consortium that seeks to "enable the achievement of business objectives" by developing "open, vendor-neutral technology standards and certifications". It has over 625 members and provides a number of services, including strategy, management, innovation and research, standards, certification, and test development.[1] It was established in 1996 when X/Open merged with the Open Software Foundation. The Open Group is the certifying body for the UNIX trademark,[2] and publishes the Single UNIX Specification technical standard,[3] which extends the POSIX standards. The Open Group also develops and manages the TOGAF standard, which is an industry standard enterprise architecture framework.[4]

## Contents

* 1 Members
* 2 History
* 3 Programs
* 3.1 Certification
* 3.2 Member forums
* 3.3 Collaboration services
* 4 Inventions and standards
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Members

The over 625 members include a range of IT vendors and buyers as well as government agencies, including, for example, Capgemini, Fujitsu, Oracle, HPE, Orbus Software, IBM, Huawei, Philips, U.S. Department of Defense, NASA. There is no obligation on product developers or vendors to adopt the standards developed by the association.

Platinum members:[5]

1. DXC Technology, USA
2. Fujitsu, Japan
3. HCL Technologies, India
4. Huawei Technologies, USA
5. IBM, USA
6. Intel, USA
7. Micro Focus, UK
8. Oracle Corporation, USA
9. Philips, Netherlands

## History

By the early 1990s, the major UNIX system vendors had begun to realize that the standards rivalries (often called the "Unix wars") were causing all participants more harm than good, leaving the UNIX industry open to emerging competition from Microsoft. The COSE initiative in 1993 can be considered to be the first unification step, and the merger of the Open Software Foundation (OSF) and X/Open in 1996 as the ultimate step, in the end of those skirmishes. OSF had previously merged with UNIX International in 1994, meaning that the new entity effectively represented all elements of the Unix community of the time.[6]

In January 1997, the responsibility for the X Window System was transferred to The Open Group from the defunct X Consortium. In 1999, X.Org was formed to manage the X Window System, with management services provided by The Open Group. The X.Org members made a number of releases up to and including X11R6.8 while The Open Group provided management services. In 2004, X.Org and The Open Group worked together to establish the newly formed X.Org Foundation which then took control of the x.org domain name, and the stewardship of the X Window System. (See history of the X Window System.)

## Programs

### Certification

The Open Group's best-known services are their certification programs,[7] including certification for products and best practices: POSIX, North American State Lotteries Association (NASPL)[8] and UNIX.

The Open Group offers certifications for IT professionals. In addition to TOGAF certification which covers tools, services and people certification, The Open Group also administers the Open Group Certified Architect (Open CA)[9] program and the Open Group Certified IT Specialist (Open CITS)[10] certification program; the latter are skills and experience based certification programs. The Open Group also offers certification for ArchiMate tools and people, as well as people certification for Open FAIR and IT4IT.

### Member forums

The Open Group provides a platform for its members to discuss their requirements, and work jointly on development and adoption of industry standards, to facilitate enterprise integration. (Note: Some of The Open Group documents are only available to members, especially when they are under development.) Based on their area of interest, members can join one or more semi-autonomous forums,[11] which include:

* ArchiMate Forum[12]
* Architecture Forum[13]
* Enterprise Management[14]
* Exploration, Mining, Metals and Minerals Forum
* Healthcare Forum
* Identity Management Forum[15]
* IT4IT Forum
* Jericho Forum[16][17] \- merged with Security Forum in 2014 [18]
* Open Platform 3.0 Forum[19]
* Real Time and Embedded Systems Forum[20]
* Security Forum[21]
* Trusted Technology Forum[22]
* Universal Data Element Framework Forum[23] \- merged with Open Platform 3.0 in 2015; now known as O-DEF (Open Data Element Framework)

Members come together at The Open Group's quarterly events and member meetings.[24]

### Collaboration services

The Open Group also provides a range of services, from initial setup and ongoing operational support to collaboration, standards and best practices development, and assistance with market impact activities.[25] They assist organizations with setting business objectives, strategy and procurement, and also provide certification and test development. This includes services to the government agencies, suppliers, and companies or organizations set up by governments.[26]

## Inventions and standards

* The ArchiMate Technical standard[27]
* The ArchiMate Exchange File Format standard[28]
* The Open Trusted Technology Provider Standard (O-TTPS)
* The Call Level Interface (the basis for ODBC)
* The Common Desktop Environment (CDE)
* The Distributed Computing Environment (the basis for DCOM)[29]
* The Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA)
* The Future Airborne Capability Environment (FACE) Technical standard[30]
* The Motif GUI widget toolkit (used in CDE)
* The Open Group Service Integration Maturity Model (OSIMM)[31]
* The Open Information Security Maturity Model (O-ISM3)[32]
* The Single UNIX Specification (SUS)
* The Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) Source Book[33]
* TOGAF (Enterprise Architecture Framework)[4]
* The Application Response Measurement (ARM) standard
* The Common Manageability Programming Interface (CMPI) standard
* The Universal Data Element Framework (UDEF) standard
* The XA Specification

## See also

* Joint Inter-Domain Management

## References

1. ↑ "About Us". http://www.opengroup.org/aboutus. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
2. ↑ "The Open Brand". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
3. ↑ "The Online Single UNIX Specification". Unix.org. http://www.unix.org/single_unix_specification/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "TOGAF". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/togaf/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
5. ↑ Open Group Membership Report
6. ↑ Salus, Peter H.. "The Daemon, the GNU and the Penguin". Groklaw.net. http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20050601125916588. Retrieved 2013-05-10.
7. ↑ "Certifications". The Open Group. http://www.opengroup.org/certifications/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
8. ↑ "Certification For Consortia and Associations". The Open Group. http://www.opengroup.org/certifications/services-to-consortia. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
9. ↑ "Certified Architect (Open CA) Program". The Open Group. http://www3.opengroup.org/certifications/professional/open-ca. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
10. ↑ "Certified IT Specialist (Open CITS) Program". The Open Group. 2011-02-17. http://www3.opengroup.org/certifications/professional/open-cits. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
11. ↑ "Forums". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/forums/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
12. ↑ "Archimate Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/archimate/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
13. ↑ "Architecture Forum". Opengroup.org. http://opengroup.org/architecture/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
14. ↑ "Enterprise Management and Quality of Service Forum". Opengroup.org. http://opengroup.org/management/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
15. ↑ "Identity Management Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/idm/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
16. ↑ "Jericho Forum blog". Opengroup.org. https://blog.opengroup.org/tag/jericho-forum/. Retrieved 2019-01-01.
17. ↑ "Jericho Forum publications". Opengroup.org. https://publications.opengroup.org/white-papers/security/jericho-forum. Retrieved 2019-01-01.
18. ↑ "Jericho Forum sunsets". Opengroup.org. https://blog.opengroup.org/2013/10/29/jericho-forum-declares-success-and-sunsets/. Retrieved 2019-01-01.
19. ↑ "Platform Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/platform/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
20. ↑ "Real Time and Embedded Systems Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/rtforum/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
21. ↑ "Security Forum". Opengroup.org. 2009-11-13. http://www.opengroup.org/security/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
22. ↑ "Trusted Technology Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/ttf/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
23. ↑ "Universal Data Element Framework Forum". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/udef/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
24. ↑ "conferences and member meetings". Opengroup.org. http://www.opengroup.org/events/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
25. ↑ "Consortia Services". The Open Group. http://www.opengroup.org/collaboration-services/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
26. ↑ "Consortia Services". The Open Group. http://www.opengroup.org/RI/. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
27. ↑ "ArchiMate Technical Standard". Opengroup.org. 2009-02-09. http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c091.htm. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
28. ↑ "ArchiMate Exchange File Format Standard". Opengroup.org. 2015-08-10. http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c154.htm. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
29. ↑ "COMsource Index Page". Opengroup.org. http://opengroup.org/comsource. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
30. ↑ "Technical Standard for Future Airborne Capability Environment Edition 2.0". Opengroup.org. https://www2.opengroup.org/ogsys/catalog/c137. Retrieved 2013-07-08.
31. ↑ "OSIMM". Opengroup.org. 2011-11-04. http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/catalog/c092.htm. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
32. ↑ "Open Information Security Maturity Model". Opengroup.org. 2014-02-14. https://www2.opengroup.org/ogsys/catalog/C102. Retrieved 2014-02-14.
33. ↑ "The SOA Source Book, 4th Edition". Opengroup.org. Aug 2011. http://www.opengroup.org/soa/source-book/intro/. Retrieved 2013-04-22.

## External links

* v
* t
* e

Standards by The Open Group

* ARM
* CDE
* CLI
* CMPI
* DCE
* DRDA
* LDAP
* Motif
* SUS (POSIX)
* X11

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