List of medieval musical instruments

Short description: None

David playing the harp, accompanied by clappers/cymbals on stick, plucked-fiddle. c. 795, Germany/France.

This is a list of medieval musical instruments used in European music during the Medieval period.

## Contents

* 1 Percussion
* 2 String instruments
* 3 Wind instruments
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Percussion

* Adufe[1]
* Bumbulum (legendary)
* Cymbals
* Frame drum
* Nakers
* Pandeiro[2]
* Tabor
* Tambourine
* Timbrel[3]

## String instruments

* Citole[4][5]
* Cretan lyra
* Dulcimer
* Fiddle
* Gittern[5]
* Guitarra latina
* Guitarra morisca[6]
* Medieval harp (Medieval form of the modern harp)
* Hurdy-gurdy
* Lute[7]
* Lyre
* Organistrum (large form of medieval hurdy-gurdy)
* Psaltery
* Rebab
* Rebec[8]
* Tromba marina
* Vielle
* Viol[9]
* Zither

Artist's rendering of a medieval harp

## Wind instruments

* Bagpipes[10]
* Bellows pipe
* Bladder pipe
* Bombard
* Buisine
* Crumhorn
* Flageolet
* Flute
* Gemshorn
* Jew's harp[11]
* Organ
* Portative Organ
* Recorder
* Sackbut[12]
* Shawm[13]
* Tabor Pipe
* Zampogna

## References

1. ↑ Gutwirth, Eleazar (1998). "Music, Identity and the Inquisition in Fifteenth-Century Spain". Early Music History 17: 161–181. ISSN 0261-1279. https://www.jstor.org/stable/853882.
2. ↑ Mauricio Molina (2006). Frame Drums in the Medieval Iberian Peninsula. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-542-85095-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=1hsE_kG53NgC&pg=PA101. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
3. ↑ "TIMBREL - JewishEncyclopedia.com". http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/14399-timbrel.
4. ↑ [1] [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Baker, Paul. "The Gittern and Citole". http://www.diabolus.org/guide/gittern.htm.
6. ↑ Galpin, Francis William (1911). Old English Instruments of Music. Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company. pp. 21–22. https://archive.org/details/oldenglishinstru00galprich.
7. ↑ "A Panoply of Instruments for Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Music". Music Educators Journal 65 (9): 38–69. 1979. doi:10.2307/3395616. ISSN 0027-4321. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3395616.
8. ↑ Spohnheimer. "The Rebec". http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/rebec.htm.
9. ↑ "About the Viol". http://vdgsa.org/pgs/the_viol.html.
10. ↑ Jones, G. Fenwick (1949). "Wittenwiler's "Becki" and the Medieval Bagpipe". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 48 (2): 209–228. ISSN 0363-6941. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27713052.
11. ↑ The Jew's harp : a comprehensive anthology. Leonard Fox. Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press. 1988. ISBN 0-8387-5116-4. OCLC 16356799. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/16356799.
12. ↑ Spohnheimer. "The Sacbut". http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/sacbut.htm.
13. ↑ Spohnheimer. "The Renaissance Shawm". http://www.music.iastate.edu/antiqua/renshawm.htm.

## External links

* Zampogne e Ciaramella

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