Vaccine-preventable diseases in children and adolescents

This is a list of vaccine-preventable diseases in children and adolescents.[1][2]

Globally, 1 in 5 children cannot access essential vaccines.[3] Childhood vaccination prevents 4 million deaths every year.[3] Better sanitation, access to health care, and infant nutrition, have also contributed to reduced deaths in babies.[2] The cost of vaccination is around 44 times less than the economic benefit it gives; therefore it is cost-effective.[2]

vaccine-preventable diseases  Disease | Cause | Effective vaccine | Image | Video | Impact

|
|
|
|
|

Chickenpox | Varicella zoster virus | Chickenpox vaccine (1995)[2] |  |  | 87% reduction in cases in the US following vaccination[2]
Diphtheria[4] | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Diphtheria vaccine (1923)[2] |  |  | [2]
Haemophilus influenzae infection | Haemophilus influenzae | Hib vaccine (1985)[2] |  |  | [2]
Hepatitis A | Hepatovirus A | Hepatitis A vaccine (1996)[2] |  |  |
Hepatitis B | Hepatitis B virus | Hepatitis B vaccine (1981)[2] |  |  | [2]
Human papillomavirus infection[5] | Papillomaviridae |

* HPV vaccine (2006)[5]
* Not having sex[5]
* Single partner for life[5]

|  |  | [2]
Influenza[6] | Influenza virus | Influenza vaccine (1936)[2] |  |  |
Measles | Measles morbillivirus | Measles vaccine (1963)[2] |  |  | 20 million deaths prevented between 2000 and 2015[2]
Meningoccal infection |  | Meningitis vaccine (1974)[2] |  |  |
Mumps | Mumps virus | Mumps vaccine (1963)[2] |  |  |
Pertussis[7] | Bordetella pertussis | Pertussis vaccine (1926)[2][8] |  |  | [2]
Pneumococcal infection | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Pneumococcal vaccine (1977)[2] |  |  | [2]
Polio[9] | Poliovirus | Polio vaccine (1955)[2] |  |  | 350,000/year in 1988, 74 in 2015 in 3 countries[2]
Rotavirus gastroenteritis | Rotavirus | Rotavirus vaccine (1989)[2] |  |  |
Rubella | Rubella virus | Rubella vaccine (1969)[2] |  |  | [2]
Tetanus

Neonatal tetanus

| Clostridium tetani [4] | Tetanus vaccine (1924)[2] |  |  | Neonatal tetanus eradicated in two thirds of developing countries.[2]

Caused ~1.5 million deaths in 1980.[2]

Following widespread vaccination and improved hygiene practices, deaths dropped to 25,000 in 2015.[10]

## Videos[edit | edit source]

Vaccines – A Public Health Achievement

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Hickey, Patrick W. (2022). "1. Introduction to vaccine preventable diseases in children and adolescents". In Jong, Elaine C.; Stevens, Dennis L. (eds.). Netter's Infectious Diseases (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 2–4. ISBN 978-0-323-71159-3. Archived from the original on 2023-09-25. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 Mutsaerts, Eleanor A. M. L.; Madhi, Shabir A. (2022). "11.3. Immunisation and vaccination". In Detels, Roger; Karim, Quarraisha Abdool; Baum, Fran (eds.). Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health (7th ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 583–596. ISBN 978-0-19-881680-5. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-10-09.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Fast Facts on Global Immunization". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 20 April 2023. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Donahue, Megan L.; Eberly, Matthew D. (2022). "2. Diphtheria and tetanus". In Jong, Elaine C.; Stevens, Dennis L. (eds.). Netter's Infectious Diseases (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 5–10. ISBN 978-0-323-71159-3. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Nakra, Natasha A.; Blumberg, Dean A. (2022). "16. Human Papillomavirus infections and prevention". In Jong, Elaine C.; Stevens, Dennis L. (eds.). Netter's Infectious Diseases (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 71–74. ISBN 978-0-323-71159-3. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-10-02.
6. ↑ "Global Influenza Programme: Vaccines". www.who.int. World Health Organisation. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
7. ↑ Hickey, Patrick W. (2022). "3. Bordatella pertussis and pertussis (whooping cough)". In Jong, Elaine C.; Stevens, Dennis L. (eds.). Netter's Infectious Diseases (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 11–15. ISBN 978-0-323-71159-3. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
8. ↑ Kollaritsch, Herwig; Heininger, Ulrich (2021). "18. Pertussis vaccines". In Vesikari, Timo; Damme, Pierre Van (eds.). Pediatric Vaccines and Vaccinations: A European Textbook (Second ed.). Switzerland: Springer. pp. 185–194. ISBN 978-3-030-77172-0. Archived from the original on 2023-09-16. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
9. ↑ Helfrich, Alison M.; Tajnik, Michael (2022). "7. Poliomyelitis (polio) and polio viruses". In Jong, Elaine C.; Stevens, Dennis L. (eds.). Netter's Infectious Diseases (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 29–33. ISBN 978-0-323-71159-3. Archived from the original on 2023-10-20. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
10. ↑ Vesikari, Timo; Maertens, Kirsten; Finn, Adam (2021). "6. Maternal immunization". In Vesikari, Timo; Damme, Pierre Van (eds.). Pediatric Vaccines and Vaccinations: A European Textbook (2nd ed.). Switzerland: Springer. p. 50\. ISBN 978-3-030-77172-0. Archived from the original on 2023-09-16. Retrieved 2023-10-10.