MVA-BN smallpox vaccine

MVA-BN smallpox vaccineVaccine description

Type| Attenuated virus
Names
Trade names| Imvanex, Imvamune, Jynneos
Other names| Live modified Vaccinia virus Ankara,[1] modified vaccinia Ankara - Bavarian Nordic smallpox vaccine[2]
Clinical data
Main uses| Smallpox, monkeypox[1]
Side effects| Pain at injection site, muscle pain, headache, tiredness, nausea[3]
Routes of
use| Subcutaneous injection
External links
AHFS/Drugs.com| Monograph
Legal
Legal status|

* CA: ℞-only
* UK: POM (Prescription only)
* US: ℞-only
* EU: Rx-only [1]

MVA-BN smallpox vaccine is a smallpox vaccine used to prevent smallpox, monkeypox, and vaccinia.[1][2] It is recommended in people at high risk of these disease, including after exposure.[4][5] It was previously estimated to be more than 85% effective against monkeypox.[4] It is given by injection under the skin as two doses 4-weeks apart.[4]

Side effects are generally mild.[1] Commonly these include pain at the site of injection, muscle pain, headache, tiredness, and nausea.[3] Other side effects may include anaphylaxis.[3] For people with eczema or a weakened immune system, MVA-BN is safer then ACAM2000.[6] There is no evidence of harm in pregnancy, though such use has not been well studied.[7] It is a live vaccine, using the vaccinia virus, but a version that cannot duplicate itself.[3]

MVA-BN was approved for medical use in Canada and Europe in 2013, and the United States in 2019.[6] It is sold under the brands Jynneos, Imvamune, and Imvanex.[2] As of 2022 there are about 16 million doses available globally, with the United States to get 14 million.[8][9] In the 2000s it cost government about 29 USD a dose.[10] Bavarian Nordic owns the patent; though received 2 billion USD from the United States government to support its development.[9]

## Contents

* 1 Medical uses
* 1.1 Dosage
* 2 Side effects
* 3 History
* 4 Society and culture
* 4.1 Licensing
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Medical uses[edit | edit source]

MVA-BN smallpox vaccine is used protects against smallpox and monkeypox.[4] How long it lasts is unclear.[1]

In 2021, its use was recommended in high risk occupations in the US.[5] In the same year the vaccine was provided for health workers in the UK following an outbreak of monkeypox there.[5]

In the United States and Canada it is approved for people 18 years and old.[3][11] Use in children would be off-label.[11]

### Dosage[edit | edit source]

It has typically been given by injection under the skin as two doses 4-weeks apart.[4] In August of 2022 the FDA approved giving one fifth the usual dose intradermal.[12]

## Side effects[edit | edit source]

For people with atopic eczema or weakened immune systems, MVA-BN has been shown to be safer then ACAM2000.[6]

## History[edit | edit source]

The previous smallpox vaccines, Dryvax, is now no longer produced.[6] It was replaced by ACAM2000.[6] MVA-BN was first approved in Canada and Europe in 2013, and the United States in 2019.[6]

## Society and culture[edit | edit source]

### Licensing[edit | edit source]

In the United States, MVA-BN is marketed as Jynneos.[4] It is marketed as Imvamune in Canada, and in Europe as Imvanex.[13] In 2020 in Canada, it was licensed for use to prevent smallpox, monkeypox and other related orthopoxvirus infections.[5]

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Imvanex EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 2014-10-02.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "MVA-BN smallpox vaccine". www.cancer.gov. 2 February 2011. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine Live Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Retrieved 8 August 2022.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "Monkeypox and Smallpox Vaccine Guidance | Monkeypox | Poxvirus". www.cdc.gov. 29 November 2019. Archived from the original on 19 May 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Meeting proceedings". WHO Advisory Committee on Variola Virus Research: report of the twenty-third meeting, virtual meeting, 3-4 November 2021. World Health Organization. 2022. pp. 14–18. ISBN 978-92-4-004674-0. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Saleh, Amr; Qamar, Shahraz; Tekin, Aysun; Singh, Romil; Kashyap, Rahul (July 2021). "Vaccine Development Throughout History". Cureus. 13 (7): e16635. doi:10.7759/cureus.16635. ISSN 2168-8184. PMID 34462676. Archived from the original on 2022-05-21. Retrieved 2022-05-21.
7. ↑ "Smallpox and monkeypox vaccine (Jynneos) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
8. ↑ "Monkeypox". www.who.int. World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Exclusive: Closure Of World's Only Manufacturing Plant For Monkeypox Vaccine Raises Questions About World's Ability To Meet Rising Demand - Health Policy Watch". 31 July 2022. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
10. ↑ Lambert de Rouvroit, Axel; Heegaard, Erik D. (January 2016). "Total costs associated with replicating and non-replicating smallpox vaccines". Global Security: Health, Science and Policy. 1 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1080/23793406.2016.1171944.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "NACI Rapid Response - Interim guidance on the use of Imvamune® in the context of monkeypox outbreaks in Canada" (PDF). p. 13\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 June 2022. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
12. ↑ Commissioner, Office of the (10 August 2022). "Monkeypox Update: FDA Authorizes Emergency Use of JYNNEOS Vaccine to Increase Vaccine Supply". FDA. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
13. ↑ "MVA-BN smallpox vaccine | Bavarian Nordic". www.bavarian-nordic.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 20 May 2022.

## External links[edit | edit source]

Identifiers:|

* ATC code:

* J07BX (WHO)

* ChemSpider:

* none

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* v
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Artificial induction of immunity / Immunization: Vaccines, Vaccination, Infection, Inoculation (J07)

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* #WHO-EM
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