Exotic baryon

Short description: Subatomic particles; baryons with atypical quark content

Standard Model of particle physics

Elementary particles of the Standard Model

Background

Particle physics
Standard Model
Quantum field theory
Gauge theory
Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Higgs mechanism

Constituents

Electroweak interaction
Quantum chromodynamics
CKM matrix
Standard Model mathematics

Limitations

Strong CP problem
Hierarchy problem
Neutrino oscillations
Physics beyond the Standard Model

* v
* t
* e

In particle physics, exotic baryons are a type of hadron (bound states of quarks and gluons) with half-integer spin, but with a quark content different from the three quarks (qqq) present in conventional baryons. An example would be pentaquarks, consisting of four quarks and one antiquark (qqqqq̅).

So far, the only observed exotic baryons are the pentaquarks Pc(4380)+, Pc(4450)+ discovered in 2015,[1] Pc(4312)+ in 2019[2] and PΛψs(4338)0 in 2022 by the LHCb collaboration.[3]

Several types of exotic baryons that require physics beyond the Standard Model have been conjectured in order to explain specific experimental anomalies. There is no independent experimental evidence for any of these particles. One example is supersymmetric R-baryons,[4] which are bound states of 3 quarks and a gluino. The lightest R-baryon is denoted as S0 and consists of an up quark, a down quark, a strange quark and a gluino. This particle is expected to be long lived or stable and has been invoked to explain ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.[5][6] Stable exotic baryons are also candidates for strongly interacting dark matter.

It has been speculated by futurologist Ray Kurzweil that by the end of the 21st century it might be possible by using femtotechnology to create new chemical elements composed of exotic baryons that would eventually constitute a new periodic table of elements in which the elements would have completely different properties than the regular chemical elements.[7]

## References

1. ↑ R. Aaij et al. (LHCb collaboration) (2015). "Observation of J/ψp resonances consistent with pentaquark states in Λ0b→J/ψK−p decays". Physical Review Letters 115 (7): 072001. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.072001. PMID 26317714. Bibcode: 2015PhRvL.115g2001A.0b→J/ψK−p+decays&rft.jtitle=[[Physics:Physical+Review+Letters|Physical+Review+Letters]]&rft.aulast=R.+Aaij+et+al.+(LHCb+collaboration)&rft.au=R.+Aaij+et+al.+(LHCb+collaboration)&rft.date=2015&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=072001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.072001&rft_id=info:pmid/26317714&rft_id=info:bibcode/2015PhRvL.115g2001A&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Physics:Exotic_baryon">
2. ↑ R. Aaij et al. (LHCb collaboration) (2019). "Observation of a narrow pentaquark state, Pc(4312)+, and of two-peak structure of the Pc(4450)+". Physical Review Letters 122 (22): 222001. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.222001. PMID 31283265.Pc(4312)+,+and+of+two-peak+structure+of+the+Pc(4450)+&rft.jtitle=[[Physics:Physical+Review+Letters|Physical+Review+Letters]]&rft.aulast=R.+Aaij+et+al.+(LHCb+collaboration)&rft.au=R.+Aaij+et+al.+(LHCb+collaboration)&rft.date=2019&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=222001&rft_id=info:doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.222001&rft_id=info:pmid/31283265&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Physics:Exotic_baryon">
3. ↑ "Observation of a strange pentaquark, a doubly charged tetraquark and its neutral partner.". July 5, 2022. https://lhcb-outreach.web.cern.ch/2022/07/05/observation-of-a-strange-pentaquark-a-doubly-charged-tetraquark-and-its-neutral-partner/.
4. ↑ G.R. Farrar (1996). "Detecting Gluino-Containing Hadrons". Physical Review Letters 76 (22): 4111–4114. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4111. PMID 10061204. Bibcode: 1996PhRvL..76.4111F.
5. ↑ D. Chung; G.R. Farrar; E.W. Kolb (1998). "Are ultra-high-energy cosmic rays signals of supersymmetry?". Physical Review D 57 (8): 4606. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4606. Bibcode: 1998PhRvD..57.4606C. https://cds.cern.ch/record/329282/files/9707036.pdf.
6. ↑ I.F.M. Albuquerque; G. Farrar; E.W. Kolb (1999). "Exotic massive hadrons and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays". Physical Review D 59 (1): 015021. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.59.015021. Bibcode: 1998PhRvD..59a5021A.
7. ↑ Kurzweil, Ray The Age of Spiritual Machines 1999

* v
* t
* e

Particles in physics

Elementary|

| Fermions|

| Quarks|

* Up (quark
* antiquark)
* Down (quark
* antiquark)
* Charm (quark
* antiquark)
* Strange (quark
* antiquark)
* Top (quark
* antiquark)
* Bottom (quark
* antiquark)

|

Leptons|

* Electron
* Positron
* Muon
* Antimuon
* Tau
* Antitau
* Electron neutrino
* Electron antineutrino
* Muon neutrino
* Muon antineutrino
* Tau neutrino
* Tau antineutrino

Bosons|

| Gauge|

* Photon
* Gluon
* W and Z bosons

|

Scalar|

* Higgs boson

Ghost fields|

* Faddeev–Popov ghosts

Hypothetical|

| Superpartners|

| Gauginos|

* Gluino
* Gravitino
* Photino

|

Others|

* Higgsino
* Neutralino
* Chargino
* Axino
* Sfermion (Stop squark)

Others|

* Planck particle
* Axion
* Dilaton
* Dual graviton
* Graviton
* Leptoquark
* Majoron
* Majorana fermion
* Magnetic monopole
* Preon
* Sterile neutrino
* Tachyon
* W′ and Z′ bosons
* X and Y bosons

Composite|

| Hadrons|

| Baryons / hyperons|

* Nucleon
* Proton
* Antiproton
* Neutron
* Antineutron
* Delta baryon
* Lambda baryon
* Sigma baryon
* Xi baryon
* Omega baryon

|

Mesons / quarkonia|

* Pion
* Rho meson
* Eta and eta prime mesons
* Phi meson
* J/psi meson
* Omega meson
* Upsilon meson
* Kaon
* B meson
* D meson

Exotic hadrons|

* Tetraquark
* Pentaquark

Others|

* Atomic nuclei
* Atoms
* Exotic atoms
* Positronium
* Muonium
* Tauonium
* Onia
* Superatoms
* Molecules

Hypothetical|

| Hypothetical baryons|

* Hexaquark
* Skyrmion

|

Hypothetical mesons|

* Glueball
* Theta meson
* T meson

Others|

* Mesonic molecule
* Pomeron
* Diquarks

Quasiparticles|

* Davydov soliton
* Dropleton
* Exciton
* Hole
* Magnon
* Phonon
* Plasmaron
* Plasmon
* Polariton
* Polaron
* Roton
* Trion

Lists|

* Baryons
* Mesons
* Particles
* Quasiparticles
* Timeline of particle discoveries

Related|

* History of subatomic physics
* timeline
* Standard Model
* mathematical formulation
* Subatomic particles
* Particles
* Antiparticles
* Nuclear physics
* Eightfold Way
* Quark model
* Exotic matter
* Massless particle
* Relativistic particle
* Virtual particle
* Wave–particle duality
* Particle chauvinism

Wikipedia books|

* Hadronic Matter
* Particles of the Standard Model
* Leptons
* Quarks

Physics portal

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic baryon. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Physics:Exotic_baryon&oldid=417518"
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template