North American High

The North American High (also Canadian High/Anticyclone, sometimes in Europe Greenland High/Anticyclone) is an impermanent high-pressure area or anticyclone created by a formative process that occurs when cool or cold dry air settles over North America. During summer, it is replaced with an Arctic Low, or a North American Low should it move over continental land.[citation needed]

## Description

A North American High moves eastward across the continent,[1] often in the company of one or more low-pressure cells or cyclones. The cold, dense air does not extend usually above 3 km (1.9 mi) and is lower than the Canadian Rockies mountain range.[2] Occasionally during winter, a North American High passes over the Rockies resulting in a cold front into Southwestern United States and Mexico, freezing crops and producing snow into Mexico's mountains, as far south as Jalisco. The North American High's distance from the warm Pacific Ocean as well as its protection from the Rockies to its West reinforces its intensity. The average January sea level pressure at its centre is approximately 1,020 millibars (30.12 inches of mercury).[3] The Canadian high often moves south-eastward until it reaches the Atlantic Ocean, where it merges with the Azores High.[2] During summer, the Canadian high circulates cool, dry air to the United States located east of the Rockies and parts of southern Canada.[2]

The North American High is akin to the Siberian High of Eurasia, though much smaller, and has much less influence, merely affecting the weather of the Northern Hemisphere. The sea-level pressure (atmospheric pressure) rarely, if ever, exceeds 1055 millibars (1055 hectopascals)(hPa)(SI).

Often, in the winter months, cool or cold dry air settles over the land in the vicinity of the Great Basin[4] where it builds into a high-pressure cell or anticyclone that moves across the United States with a cold front on its leading edge. After reaching the Atlantic Ocean, the moist environment results in a change of air quality and the dissipation of the high-pressure cell or anticyclone as the cold air warms and becomes humid. In Europe, a portion of the North American/Canadian High commonly over Greenland, called the Greenland High, affects northern European weather and may merge with the Scandinavian High.

## See also

* Siberian High
* Cold wave

## References

1. ↑ Reed, Thomas (November 1933). "The North American High-Level Anticyclone". Monthly Weather Review (American Meteorological Society) 61 (11): 321–325. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1933)61<321:TNAHA>2.0.CO;2.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Canadian high". Encyclopædia Britannica. September 16, 2016. https://www.britannica.com/science/Canadian-high. Retrieved November 2, 2020.
3. ↑ "Canadian high | atmospheric phenomenon". Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Canadian-high. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
4. ↑ Barry, Roger; Chorley, Richard (2009). Atmosphere, Weather and Climate. Routledge. p. 319. ISBN 978-0-203-87102-7.

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Cyclones and anticyclones of the world (Centers of action)

Concepts|

* Anticyclonic storm
* Storm
* High-pressure area
* Low-pressure area
* Rapid intensification
* Central dense overcast
* Annular tropical cyclone
* Bar (tropical cyclone)
* Superstorm
* Hypercane

Anticyclone|

| Northern Hemisphere|

* North Polar High
* Siberian High
* Azores High
* North American High
* North Pacific High
* Ridiculously Resilient Ridge
* Subtropical ridge

|

Southern Hemisphere|

* South Polar High
* South Atlantic High
* South Pacific High
* Kalahari High
* Subtropical ridge

Cyclone|

| Synoptic scale|

| Surface-based|

| Polar|

* North Polar low
* South Polar low

|

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Extratropical cyclones

Concepts|

* Anticyclonic storm
* Storm
* Cyclone
* Post-tropical cyclone
* Low-pressure area
* Weather bomb
* Sting jet
* List
* Rainband

Northern Hemisphere|

| North America|

| Continental|

| Lee Cyclone|

* Alberta clipper
* Colorado low
* Great basin low

|

Other|

* Panhandle hook
* Witch of November

Oceanic|

* Aleutian Low
* Hatteras low
* Nor'easter
* Gulf low
* Pacific Northwest windstorm

Europe|

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European windstorms

Historical|

* Grote Mandrenke
* Burchardi flood
* Great Storm of 1703
* Great Storm of 1824
* Night of the Big Wind
* Moray Firth fishing disaster
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20th century|

* Iberia 1941
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* Quimburga 1972
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* December 1981 windstorm
* Ex-Hurricane Charley 1986
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* Anatol 1999
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2000s|

* Oratia 2000
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2015–present|

* 2015–16
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See also|

* List of European windstorms
* List of atmospheric pressure records in Europe

Other|

* Black Sea storms
* Icelandic Low
* Genoa low

Asia|

* Western Disturbance
* Continental North Asian storms
* East Asian-northwest Pacific storms

Other areas|

* Arctic
* Kona storm

Southern Hemisphere|

| Australia|

* Australian east coast low
* Black nor'easter

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Other areas|

* Southern Ocean cyclone
* Sudestada

Subtropical|

* Kona storm
* Australian east coast Low
* Lake Huron cyclone
* Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone
* Thermal

Tropical
(List)|

| Northern Hemisphere|

* Atlantic hurricane
* Cape Verde hurricane
* Pacific hurricane
* Typhoon
* North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone
* Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone

|

Southern Hemisphere|

* South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone
* Australian region tropical cyclone
* South Pacific tropical cyclone
* South Atlantic tropical cyclone

Upper level|

* Cold-core low
* Polar vortex
* Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex

Mesoscale|

| Mesoscale ocean eddies|

* Catalina eddy
* Haida Eddies

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Mesoscale convective system|

* Wake Low
* Mesohigh
* Mesoscale convective vortex
* Line echo wave pattern

Whirlwind|

| Major|

* Mesocyclone
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* Wall cloud
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* Tornado
* Multiple-vortex tornado
* Satellite tornado
* Anticyclonic tornado
* Landspout
* Waterspout

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Minor|

* Gustnado
* Dust devil
* Steam devil
* Fire whirl

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