Pentagonal bipyramidal molecular geometry

Short description: Molecular structure having atoms at the centre and corners of a pentagonal bipyramid

Pentagonal bipyramidal molecular geometry

Examples| IF
7, ZrF3−

Point group| D5h
Coordination number| 7
Bond angle(s)| 90°, 72°
μ (Polarity)| 0
Structure of iodine heptafluoride, an example of a molecule with the pentagonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry.

In chemistry, a pentagonal bipyramid is a molecular geometry with one atom at the centre with seven ligands at the corners of a pentagonal bipyramid. A perfect pentagonal bipyramid belongs to the molecular point group D5h.

The pentagonal bipyramid is a case where bond angles surrounding an atom are not identical (see also trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry).[1] This is one of the three common shapes for heptacoordinate transition metal complexes, along with the capped octahedron and the capped trigonal prism.[2][3] Pentagonal bipyramids are claimed to be promising coordination geometries for lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets, since they present no extradiagonal crystal field terms, therefore minimising spin mixing, and all of their diagonal terms are in first approximation protected from low-energy vibrations, minimising vibronic coupling.[4]

## Examples

* Iodine heptafluoride (IF7) with 7 bonding groups
* Rhenium heptafluoride (ReF7)
* Peroxo chromium (IV) complexes, such as [Cr(O2)2(NH3)3], where the peroxo groups occupy four of the planar positions.
* ZrF3−7 and HfF3−7[5][6]

## References

1. ↑ Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred (1999), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (6th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience, ISBN 0-471-19957-5
2. ↑ Roald. Hoffmann; Barbara F. Beier; Earl L. Muetterties; Angelo R. Rossi (1977). "Seven-coordination. A molecular orbital exploration of structure, stereochemistry, and reaction dynamics". Inorganic Chemistry 16 (3): 511–522. doi:10.1021/ic50169a002.
3. ↑ Wells, A. F. (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford Science Publications. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
4. ↑ Duan, Yan; Rosaleny, Lorena E.; Coutinho, Joana T.; Giménez-Santamarina, Silvia; Scheie, Allen; Baldoví, José J.; Cardona-Serra, Salvador; Gaita-Ariño, Alejandro (2022-12-09). "Data-driven design of molecular nanomagnets" (in en). Nature Communications 13 (1): 7626. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35336-9. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 36494346. Bibcode: 2022NatCo..13.7626D.
5. ↑ Kaupp, Martin (2001). ""Non-VSEPR" Structures and Bonding in d0 Systems". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 40 (1): 3534–3565. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20011001)40:19<3534::AID-ANIE3534>3.0.CO;2-#. PMID 11592184.0+Systems&rft.jtitle=[[Chemistry:Angewandte+Chemie|Angewandte+Chemie+International+Edition+in+English]]&rft.aulast=Kaupp&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Kaupp, Martin&rft.date=2001&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3534–3565&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/1521-3773(20011001)40:19<3534::AID-ANIE3534>3.0.CO;2-#&rft_id=info:pmid/11592184&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Physics:Pentagonal_bipyramidal_molecular_geometry">
6. ↑ Zhenyang Lin; Ian Bytheway (1996). "Stereochemistry of Seven-Coordinate Main Group and d0 Transition Metal Molecules". Inorganic Chemistry 35 (3): 594–603. doi:10.1021/ic950271o.

## External links

* [1] – Images of IF7
* 3D Chem – Chemistry, Structures, and 3D Molecules
* IUMSC – Indiana University Molecular Structure Center

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Molecular geometry (VSEPR)

Coordination number 2|

* Linear
* Bent

Coordination number 3|

* Trigonal planar
* Trigonal pyramidal
* T-shaped

Coordination number 4|

* Tetrahedral
* Square planar
* Seesaw

Coordination number 5|

* Trigonal bipyramidal
* Square pyramidal
* Pentagonal planar

Coordination number 6|

* Octahedral
* Trigonal prismatic
* Pentagonal pyramidal

Coordination number 7|

* Pentagonal bipyramidal
* Capped octahedral
* Capped trigonal prismatic

Coordination number 8|

* Square antiprismatic
* Dodecahedral
* Bicapped trigonal prismatic

Coordination number 9|

* Tricapped trigonal prismatic
* Capped square antiprismatic

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