Steve King (Iowa)

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Steve King

Republican Party

Prior offices

Iowa State Senate

* * *

U.S. House Iowa District 4

Successor: Randy Feenstra

* * *

Compensation

Base salary

$174,000

Net worth

(2012) $361,008

Elections and appointments

Last election

June 2, 2020

Education

High school

Denison Community High School, Denison, Iowa

Personal

Religion

Christian: Catholic

Profession

Business owner

Contact

Official website

Official Facebook

Official Twitter

Official Instagram

Official YouTube

Campaign website

Campaign Facebook

Steve King (Republican Party) was a member of the U.S. House, representing Iowa's 4th Congressional District. He assumed office on January 7, 2003. He left office on January 3, 2021.

King (Republican Party) ran for re-election to the U.S. House to represent Iowa's 4th Congressional District. He lost in the Republican primary on June 2, 2020.

Based on analysis of multiple outside rankings, King is an average Republican member of Congress, meaning he will vote with the Republican Party on the majority of bills. Click here to read about key votes made by Steve King.

Prior to serving in the U.S. Congress, King started a construction business in 1975, which is now owned by his son, and he served as a member of the Iowa State Senate from 1996 to 2002.[1]

## Biography[edit]

Email editor@ballotpedia.org to notify us of updates to this biography.

King was born on May 28, 1949, in Storm Lake, IA, and raised in Denison, IA, where he also attended high school. Although he attended Northwest Missouri State University from 1967-1970, he does not have a college degree. Prior to his political career, King worked as a businessman.[1]

## Career[edit]

Below is an abbreviated outline of King's academic, professional, and political career:[2]

* 2003-Present: U.S. Representative from Iowa's 4th Congressional District
* 1996-2002: Iowa State Senate

## Committee assignments[edit]

### U.S. House[edit]

#### 2017-2018[edit]

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, King was assigned to the following committees:[3]

* Committee on Agriculture
* Committee on Judiciary
* Committee on Small Business

#### 2015-2016[edit]

King served on the following committees:[4]

* Agriculture Committee
* Judiciary Committee

* Subcommittee on the Constitution and Civil Justice
* Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Security

* Small Business Committee
* Subcommittee on Agriculture, Energy and Trade
* Subcommittee on Contracting and Workforce

#### 2013-2014[edit]

King served on the following committees:[5][6]

* Agriculture Committee
* Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, & Nutrition (Chair)
* Subcommittee on Livestock, Rural Development, and Credit
* Judiciary Committee
* Subcommittee on the Constitution and Civil Justice
* Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Security
* Committee on Small Business
* Subcommittee on Agriculture, Energy and Trade
* Subcommittee on Contracting and the Workforce
* Subcommittee on Economic Growth, Tax and Capital Access
* Subcommittee on Healthcare and Technology

#### 2011-2012[edit]

King served on the following House committees:[7]

* Committee on Agriculture
* Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities & Risk Management
* Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy & Poultry
* Subcommittee on Horticulture & Nutrition
* Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, & Credit
* Committee on Small Business
* Subcommittee on Agriculture, Energy & Trade
* Subcommittee on Healthcare & Technology
* Subcommittee on Economic Growth, Tax & Capital Access
* Subcommittee on Contracting & Workforce
* Judiciary Committee
* Subcommittee on Immigration Policy & Enforcement
* Subcommittee on the Constitution

## Key votes[edit]

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

### Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2020[edit]

### Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress[edit]

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

### Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018[edit]

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

* Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018
Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.[8]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))

Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018
Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.[9]

Voted Nay on: Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)

Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018
Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.[10]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018
Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.[11]

Voted Yea on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)

Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017
Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.[12]

Voted Yea on: Kate's Law (HR 3004)

Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017
Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.[13]

Voted Yea on: No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)

Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017
Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.[14]

Voted Yea on: American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017
Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.[15]

* Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

Voted Nay on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018
Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.[16]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018
Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.[17]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018
Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.[18]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018
Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.[19]

Voted Yea on: Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)

Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018
Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act[20]

Voted Nay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018
Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.[21]

Voted Nay on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018
Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.[22]

Voted Yea on: Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018
Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.[23]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018
Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.[24]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018
Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.[25]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017
Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.[26]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017
Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.[27]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)

Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017
Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.[28]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017
Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.[29]

Voted Yea on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017
Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)[30]

Voted Yea on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017
Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.[31]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)

Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017
Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.[32]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017
Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.[33]

Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)

Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017
Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.[34]

Voted Yea on: Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)

Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017
Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.[35]

Voted Nay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017
Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.[36]

* Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)

Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018
Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities[37]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018
Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.[38]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017
Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.[39]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)

Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017
Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.[40]

Voted Yea on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017
Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.[41]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)

Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017
Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.[42]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)

Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017
Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.[43]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017
Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.[44]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)

Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017
The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.[45]

### 114th Congress[edit]

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[46][47] For more information pertaining to King's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.[48]

#### Economic and fiscal[edit]

##### Trade Act of 2015[edit]

See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

Trade adjustment assistance
On June 12, 2015, the House rejected the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 126-302. Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged with trade promotion authority (TPA), also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. King was one of 158 Republicans to vote against TAA.[49][50]
Trade promotion authority
On June 12, 2015, the House passed the trade promotion authority (TPA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015 —by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives the president fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent to Congress without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill including trade adjustment assistance (TAA), which was rejected earlier the same day. King was one of 191 Republicans to support the measure.[51][52]
Trade promotion authority second vote
After the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) and trade promotion authority (TPA) did not pass the House together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment to HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining their original positions on TPA except for Ted Yoho (R-Fla.). King was one of 190 Republicans to vote in favor of the amendment.[53][54]
Trade adjustment assistance second vote
The House passed HR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. The Senate packaged trade adjustment assistance (TAA) in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015. Along with trade promotion authority (TPA), which Congress passed as part of HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. King was one of 132 Republicans to vote against HR 1295.[55][56]

##### Defense spending authorization[edit]

On May 15, 2015, the House passed HR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." King voted with 227 other Republicans and 41 Democrats to approve the bill.[57] The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.[58]

On November 5, 2015, the House passed S 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.[59][60] King voted with 234 other Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.[61] On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.[62]

##### 2016 Budget proposal[edit]

On April 30, 2015, the House voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183 Democrats who voted, voted against the resolution. King voted with 225 other Republicans to approve the bill.[63][64][65]

##### 2015 budget[edit]

On October 28, 2015, the House passed HR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.[66] King voted with 166 Republicans against the bill.[67] It passed the Senate on October 30, 2015.[68] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

#### Foreign Affairs[edit]

##### Iran nuclear deal[edit]

See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 14, 2015, the House approved HR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. King voted with 222 other Republican representatives to approve the bill.[69][70]

Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
On September 11, 2015, the House rejected HR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approving the nuclear agreement with Iran. King voted with 243 Republicans and 25 Democrats against the bill.[71][72]

Suspension of Iran sanctions relief
On September 11, 2015, the House approved HR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." King voted with 244 Republicans and two Democrats for the bill.[73][74]

Presidential non-compliance of section 2
On September 10, 2015, the House passed H Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. House Republicans introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. King voted with 244 Republicans for the resolution.[75][76]

##### Export-Import Bank[edit]

On October 27, 2015, the House passed HR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.[77] King voted with 116 Republicans and one Democrat against the bill.[78]

#### Domestic[edit]

##### USA FREEDOM Act of 2015[edit]

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 2048—the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015—by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revised HR 3199—the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005—by ending the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." King voted with 46 Republicans and 41 Democrats against the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.[79][80]

##### Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act[edit]

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 36—the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act—by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposed prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus was determined to be 20 weeks or older. The bill proposed exceptions in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. King voted with 237 Republicans in favor of the bill.[81][82]

##### Cyber security[edit]

On April 23, 2015, the House passed HR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.[83] King voted with 219 Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.[84]

On April 22, 2015, the House passed HR 1560—the Protecting Cyber Networks Act—by a vote of 307-116.[85] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. King voted with 201 Republicans and 105 Democrats in favor of the bill.[86]

#### Immigration[edit]

On November 19, 2015, the House passed HR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015—by a vote of 289-137.[87] The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. King voted with one other Republican and 135 Democrats against the bill.[88]

### 113th Congress[edit]

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.[89] For more information pertaining to King's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.[90]

### National security[edit]

#### DHS Appropriations[edit]

King voted in favor of HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.[91]

#### Keystone Pipeline Amendment[edit]

King voted against House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.[91]

#### CISPA (2013)[edit]

King voted in favor of HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.[92] The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.[91]

#### NDAA[edit]

King voted in support of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.[91]

### Economy[edit]

#### Farm bill[edit]

On January 29, 2014, the U.S. House approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, H.R. 2642, also known as the Farm Bill.[93] The bill passed by a vote of 251-166. The nearly 1,000-page bill reformed and continued various programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that would kick in when prices drop.[94][95] It also cut the food stamp program an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.[95] King voted with 161 other Republican representatives in favor of the bill.

#### 2014 Budget[edit]

On January 15, 2014, the Republican-run House approved H.R. 3547, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.[96][97] The House voted 359-67 for the 1,582 page bill, with 64 Republicans and three Democrats voting against the bill.[97] The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.[98] It included a 1 percent increase in the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel, a $1 billion increase in Head Start funding for early childhood education, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency and protected the Affordable Care Act from any drastic cuts. King joined with the 63 other Republicans and 3 Democrats who voted against the bill.[96][97]

#### Government shutdown[edit]

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.[99] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.[100] King voted against the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.[101]

The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.[102] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. King voted against HR 2775.[103]

### Immigration[edit]

#### Morton Memos Prohibition[edit]

King voted in favor of House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status. The vote largely followed party lines.[91]

### Healthcare[edit]

#### Healthcare Reform Rules[edit]

King voted in favor of House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.[91]

#### Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act[edit]

King voted in favor of HR 2009 - Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act of 2013. The bill passed through the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 232-185. The bill would prevent the IRS and Treasury Secretary from enforcing the powers provided to them in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The vote largely followed party lines.[91]

### Social issues[edit]

#### Amash amendment[edit]

King voted against House Amendment 413 - Prohibits the National Security Agency from Collecting Records Under the Patriot Act. The amendment failed on July 4, 2013, by a vote of 205-217. The amendment would have prohibited the collection of records by the National Security Agency under the Patriot Act. Both parties were split on the vote.[91]

### Government affairs[edit]

#### HR 676[edit]

See also: Boehner's lawsuit against the Obama administration

On July 30, 2014, the U.S. House approved a resolution 225 to 201 to sue President Barack Obama for exceeding his constitutional authority. Five Republicans—Thomas Massie of Kentucky, Paul Broun of Georgia, Scott Garrett of New Jersey, Walter Jones of North Carolina and Steve Stockman of Texas—voted with Democrats against the lawsuit.[104] King joined the other 224 Republicans in favor of the lawsuit. All Democrats voted against the resolution.[105][106]

### Previous congressional sessions[edit]

#### Fiscal Cliff[edit]

King voted against the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was 1 of 151 Republicans that voted against the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.[107]

##### Legislation[edit]

* H.R. 997: English Language Unity Act of 2005[108]
* H.R. 997: English Language Unity act of 2011[109]
* H.R. 3720: New IDEA, the Illegal Deduction Elimination Act[110]
* H.R. 140: Birthright Citizenship Act of 2011[111]

## Issues[edit]

Steve King Endorses Ted Cruz for President November 16, 2015.

### Presidential preference[edit]

### 2016 presidential endorsement[edit]

✓ King endorsed Ted Cruz for the Republican primary in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.[112]

See also: Endorsements for Ted Cruz
2016 Presidential Endorsements by U.S. Representatives

Representative  |  Candidate  |  Date  |  Source
Scott Rigell |  Marco Rubio (primary)
Gary Johnson (general)  |  August 2016  |  The New York Times
Richard Hanna |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2016  |  Syracuse.com
Tom Campbell (California) |  John Kasich (primary)
Gary Johnson (general)  |  July 2016  |  The Washington Post
Ken Buck |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  July 2016  |  Facebook
Nita Lowey |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2014  |  Armonk Daily Voice
Earl "Buddy" Carter |  Donald Trump |  July 2016  |  Savannah Morning News
Paul Gosar |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  July 2016  |  Dr. Paul Gosar for Congress
Dan Benishek |  Donald Trump |  June 2016  |  The Detroit News
Rodney Frelinghuysen |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  July 2016  |  Daily Record
Raul Grijalva |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2016  |  NBC News
Nancy Pelosi |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2016  |  The Hill
Paul Ryan |  Donald Trump |  June 2016  |  Politico
Jim Jordan (Ohio) |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Washington Examiner
Jim Bridenstine |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general) |  May 2016  |  Fox 23 News
Doug Collins |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  AJC.com
Charles Boustany Jr. |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Republican Party of Louisiana
John Fleming (Louisiana) |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Republican Party of Louisiana
Rick Crawford (Arkansas) |  Marco Rubio (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  May 2016  |  KASU
Ryan Zinke |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Washington Examiner
Albio Sires |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2016  |  NJ.com
Greg Walden |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  The Hill
Darrell Issa |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Los Angeles Times
Peter King |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Newsday.com
David Trott |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Detroit Free Press
Lee Zeldin |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  Newsday.com
Steven Palazzo |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  MS News Now
Candice Miller |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  The Hill
Kevin McCarthy |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  The Atlantic
Steve Scalise |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  The Atlantic
Cathy McMorris Rodgers |  Donald Trump |  May 2016  |  The Atlantic
Raul Labrador |  John Kasich (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  May 2016  |  The Atlantic
John Duncan, Jr. |  Donald Trump |  April 2016  |  Politico
Kevin Cramer |  Donald Trump |  April 2016  |  Bismarck Tribune
Renee Ellmers |  Donald Trump |  March 2016  |  CBS North Carolina
Tom Reed |  Donald Trump |  March 2016  |  Syracuse.com
Jeff Miller (Florida) |  Donald Trump |  April 2016  |  The Hill
Bill Shuster |  Donald Trump |  April 2016  |  The Hill
Scott DesJarlais |  Donald Trump |  February 2016  |  National Review
Tom Marino |  Donald Trump |  February 2016  |  Politico
Rick Nolan |  Bernie Sanders |  April 2016  |  Politico
Elijah Cummings |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2016  |  The Washington Post
Reid Ribble |  Ted Cruz |  April 2016  |  Breitbart News
Lou Barletta |  Donald Trump |  March 2016  |  The Morning Call
Ann Wagner |  Ted Cruz |  March 2015  |  Politico
Gwen Graham |  Hillary Clinton |  March 2016  |  Tallahassee Democrat
Alan Grayson |  Bernie Sanders |  March 2016  |  Politico
Ben Ray Lujan |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2016  |  CBS News
Tulsi Gabbard |  Bernie Sanders |  February 2016  |  Politico
Ander Crenshaw |  Marco Rubio |  February 2016  |  Jacksonville.com
Chris Collins |  Donald Trump |  February 2016  |  ABC News
Duncan Hunter |  Donald Trump |  February 2016  |  Politico
Justin Amash |  Ted Cruz |  February 2016  |  The Hill
Roger Williams (Texas) |  Ted Cruz |  February 2016  |  Dallas Morning News
Joe Wilson (South Carolina) |  Marco Rubio |  February 2016  |  The Post and Courier
Mark Sanford (South Carolina) |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  August 2016  |  The Atlantic
James Clyburn |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2016  |  USA Today
Andrew Harris |  Ben Carson (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  May 2016  |  The Baltimore Sun
Steve Womack |  Marco Rubio |  February 2016  |  Arkansas Online
Lynn Westmoreland |  Marco Rubio |  February 2015  |  Atlanta Journal Constitution
Matt Salmon |  Marco Rubio |  February 2015  |  The Arizona Republic
David Price |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2016  |  WNCN
Mike Quigley |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2016  |  Quigley for Congress Facebook page
Frank Pallone |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2016  |  PolitickerNJ
Earl Blumenauer |  Hillary Clinton |  December 2015  |  Earl Blumenauer on Medium
Michael Capuano |  Hillary Clinton |  December 2015  |  Boston Globe
Maxine Waters |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
Jackie Speier |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
Pete Aguilar |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
Jerry McNerney |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
Anna Eshoo |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
John Yarmuth |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Courier-Journal
Denny Heck |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Seattle Times
Suzan DelBene |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Seattle Times
Ann Kirkpatrick |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  ABC15
Gwen Moore |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Gwen Moore for Congress
Corrine Brown |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Florida Politics
Bennie Thompson |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Jackson Free Press
Seth Moulton |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Boston Globe
Jared Huffman |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Jared Huffman Facebook page
Paul Tonko |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Politico
Eliot Engel |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Politico
Joe Courtney |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Joe Courtney for Congress
Bill Keating |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Wareham VillageSoup.com
Yvette Clarke |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  New York Observer
Bobby Scott (Virginia) |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Richmond Times-Dispatch
Annie Kuster |  Hillary Clinton |  September 2015  |  Concord Monitor
Dave Loebsack |  Hillary Clinton |  September 2015  |  The Des Moines Register
Cheri Bustos |  Hillary Clinton |  September 2015  |  The Des Moines Register
Zoe Lofgren |  Hillary Clinton |  September 2015  |  Zoe Lofgren Facebook page
Tim Walz |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  Pioneer Press
Bonnie Watson Coleman |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  PolitikerNJ
Bill Pascrell |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  PolitikerNJ
Donald Payne, Jr. |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  PolitickerNJ
John Garamendi |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  John Garamendi Facebook page
Jim Himes |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  Hartford Courant
Xavier Becerra |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  The Los Angeles Times
Scott Peters |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  Scott Peters Facebook page
Lois Capps |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  Lois Capps Facebook page
Marcia Fudge |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  Cleveland.com
André Carson |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  The Indianapolis Star
Suzanne Bonamici |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  Suzanne Bonamici Facebook page
Niki Tsongas |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  WBUR
Don Beyer |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  Don Beyer Twitter feed
Brenda Lawrence |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  The Detroit News
Matt Cartwright |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  Times News
William Lacy Clay |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Elizabeth Esty |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  Fox61
John Larson |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  Fox61
Steve Cohen |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2015  |  The Commercial Appeal
Katherine Clark |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2015  |  MassLive.com
Jim McGovern (Massachusetts) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  MassLive.com
Joseph Kennedy III |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  MassLive.com
Patrick Murphy (Florida) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Adam Smith |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Derek Kilmer |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Gerald Connolly |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Ruben Hinojosa (Texas congressman) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Mike Thompson (California) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Kathy Castor |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Marc Veasey |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Julia Brownley |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Ed Perlmutter |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Henry Cuellar |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Jared Polis |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Filemon Vela (Texas U.S. representative) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Eddie Bernice Johnson |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Jim Cooper (Tennessee) |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Kurt Schrader |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Joyce Beatty |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Brad Sherman |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Sean Maloney |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Kathleen Rice |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Jose Serrano |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Adam Schiff |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Dan Kildee |  Hillary Clinton |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Emanuel Cleaver |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  The Kansas City Star
Steve Israel |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  Steve Israel Facebook page
John Conyers, Jr. |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  The Daily Caller
Diana DeGette |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  Diana DeGette Facebook page
Rick Larsen |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  Rick Larsen House Website
Karen Bass |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  The Hill
Jim McDermott (Washington) |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  The Hill
Debbie Dingell |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  The Hill
Rosa DeLauro |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  The Hill
Jerrold Nadler |  Hillary Clinton |  July 2015  |  The Hill
Nydia Velazquez |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  The Hill
Mark Takano |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2015  |  MSNBC
Ted Lieu |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2015  |  MSNBC
Tammy Duckworth |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2015  |  MSNBC
Ami Bera |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2015  |  MSNBC
Charles Rangel |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2014  |  Politico
Betty McCollum |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2014  |  Minnesota Public Radio
Bill Foster |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2014  |  Chicago Tribune
Robin Kelly |  Hillary Clinton |  June 2014  |  Chicago Tribune
Ted Deutch |  Hillary Clinton |  February 2014  |  Sun Sentinel
Joseph Crowley |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The Hill
Loretta Sanchez |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2015  |  Los Angeles Times
Lucille Roybal-Allard |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2015  |  Los Angeles Times
Grace Napolitano |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2015  |  Los Angeles Times
Frederica Wilson |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Louise Slaughter |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Terri Sewell |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
David Scott (Georgia) |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Jan Schakowsky |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Cedric Richmond |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Chellie Pingree |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Grace Meng |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Gregory Meeks |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Doris Matsui |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Stephen Lynch |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
John Lewis (Georgia) |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Sandy Levin |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Jim Langevin |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Sheila Jackson Lee |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Mike Honda |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Brian Higgins |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Alcee Hastings |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Janice Hahn |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Gene Green |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Lois Frankel |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Danny K. Davis |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Joaquin Castro |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
David Cicilline |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Hank Johnson |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2014  |  The New York Times
Richard Neal |  Hillary Clinton |  September 2015  |  MassLive
Mark Meadows (North Carolina) |  Ted Cruz |  January 2016  |  Asheville Citizen-Times
Bill Johnson (Ohio) |  John Kasich |  October 2015  |  Kasich for America
Carolyn Maloney |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2013  |  CBSNewYork
Tim Ryan (Ohio) |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2013  |  Cleveland.com
Dina Titus |  Hillary Clinton |  August 2013  |  KRNV Reno, NV
Michael Bishop |  Jeb Bush |  November 2015  |  The Hill
Mike Coffman (Colorado) |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  The Denver Post
Larry Bucshon |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  Evansville Courier & Press
Bill Huizenga |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  The Detroit News
Markwayne Mullin |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  The Hill
Doug LaMalfa |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  The Hill
Todd Rokita |  Marco Rubio |  October 2015  |  The Hill
John Moolenaar |  Marco Rubio |  September 2015  |  The Hill
Austin Scott |  Marco Rubio |  September 2015  |  The Hill
Thomas Rooney |  Marco Rubio |  September 2015  |  The Hill
Susan Brooks |  Chris Christie |  December 2015  |  Christie2016
Patrick Meehan |  Chris Christie |  July 2015  |  The Hill
Leonard Lance |  Chris Christie |  June 2015  |  NJ.com
Tom MacArthur |  Chris Christie |  June 2015  |  NJ.com
Frank LoBiondo |  Chris Christie |  June 2015  |  NJ.com
Trent Franks |  Mike Huckabee |  January 2016  |  Western Journalism
Charles Fleischmann |  Mike Huckabee |  September 2015  |  The Washington Post
Bruce Westerman |  Mike Huckabee |  September 2015  |  The Washington Post
French Hill |  Mike Huckabee |  September 2015  |  The Washington Post
Gregg Harper |  John Kasich |  September 2015  |  The Washington Times
Michael Turner (Ohio) |  John Kasich |  July 2015  |  USA Today
Steve Stivers |  John Kasich |  July 2015  |  USA Today
Tom McClintock |  Ted Cruz |  January 2016  |  The Sacramento Bee
Dana Rohrabacher |  Ted Cruz |  November 2015  |  Breitbart
Jeff Fortenberry |  Carly Fiorina |  October 2015  |  Journal Star
Alexander Mooney |  Ted Cruz |  January 2016  |  The Hill
Sam Johnson (Texas congressman) |  Ted Cruz |  January 2016  |  The Texas Tribune
Judy Chu |  Hillary Clinton |  April 2015  |  The Hill
G.K. Butterfield |  Hillary Clinton |  January 2016  |  The Grio
Jason Chaffetz |  Marco Rubio |  January 2016  |  Politico
Trey Gowdy |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  The Hill
Rob Bishop |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  The Salt Lake Tribune
Linda Sanchez |  Hillary Clinton |  December 2015  |  La Opinion
Barbara Comstock |  Marco Rubio |  December 2015  |  The Washington Post
Brad Ashford |  Hillary Clinton |  December 2015  |  Journal Star
Eric Swalwell |  Martin O'Malley |  July 2015  |  Roll Call
Luis Gutierrez |  Hillary Clinton |  December 2015  |  Chicago Sun-Times
Sam Graves |  Ted Cruz (primary)
Donald Trump (general)  |  July 2016  |  KSHB
Ed Whitfield |  Rand Paul |  April 2015  |  Politico
Patrick Tiberi |  John Kasich |  July 2015  |  Cincinnati.com
Randy Weber |  Ted Cruz |  September 2015  |  The Texas Tribune
Jody Hice |  Ted Cruz |  September 2015  |  The Hill
Mo Brooks |  Ted Cruz |  November 2015  |  AL.com
John Culberson |  Ted Cruz |  April 2015  |  The Hill
John Ratcliffe |  Ted Cruz |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Louie Gohmert |  Ted Cruz |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Michael Burgess |  Ted Cruz |  May 2015  |  The Hill
Brian Babin |  Ted Cruz |  July 2015  |  The Dallas Morning News
Thomas Massie |  Rand Paul |  May 2015  |  Blog4President.us
Cynthia Lummis |  Rand Paul |  July 2015  |  Breitbart
Walter Jones |  Rand Paul |  April 2015  |  Newsmax
Brett Guthrie |  Rand Paul |  November 2015  |  Roll Call
Curt Clawson |  Rand Paul |  February 2015  |  Breitbart
Andy Barr |  Rand Paul |  May 2015  |  Politico
Jaime Herrera Beutler |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  The Oregonian
Chris Stewart (Utah) |  Marco Rubio |  September 2015  |  Salt Lake Tribune
Jason Smith (Missouri representative) |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  Roll Call
Pete Sessions |  Jeb Bush |  November 2015  |  Jeb! 2016
Mimi Walters |  Jeb Bush |  November 2015  |  Roll Call
David Valadao |  Jeb Bush |  October 2015  |  The Fresno Bee
Mike Rogers (Alabama) |  Jeb Bush |  September 2015  |  AL.com
Patrick McHenry |  Jeb Bush |  August 2015  |  Citizen-Times
Adam Kinzinger |  Jeb Bush |  August 2015  |  The Hill
Kay Granger |  Jeb Bush |  November 2015  |  Jeb! 2016
Jeff Denham |  Jeb Bush |  August 2015  |  The Fresno Bee
Daniel Webster (Florida) |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Dennis Ross |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
John Mica |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
David Jolly |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hil
Mario Diaz-Balart |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Carlos Curbelo |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Vern Buchanan |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Gus Bilirakis |  Jeb Bush |  June 2015  |  The Hill
Mark Amodei |  Jeb Bush |  August 2015  |  Las Vegas Sun
Mia Love |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  NBC News
Luke Messer |  Jeb Bush |  November 2015  |  The Hill
Ruben Gallego |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Phoenix New Times
Chris Van Hollen |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
John Sarbanes |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
Dutch Ruppersberger |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
Donna Edwards |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
John Delaney |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
Steny Hoyer |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Baltimore Sun
Steve King (Iowa) |  Ted Cruz |  November 2015  |  Washington Post
Tony Cardenas |  Hillary Clinton |  November 2015  |  Latin Post
Mike Pompeo |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  Politico
Kristi Noem |  Marco Rubio |  November 2015  |  Politico
John Carney Jr. |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Roll Call
Sean Duffy |  Marco Rubio |  October 2015  |  WSAW.com
Darin LaHood |  Marco Rubio |  October 2015  |  Quad-City Times
Hakeem Jeffries |  Hillary Clinton |  October 2015  |  Wall Street Journal
Keith Ellison (Minnesota) |  Bernie Sanders |  October 2015  |  Huffington Post
Lynn Jenkins |  Carly Fiorina |  September 2015  |  The Topeka Capital-Journal
Mick Mulvaney |  Rand Paul |  September 2015  |  The Washington Post

### Immigration[edit]

King supports:[113]

* Secured and controlled borders - "I believe we must tighten and strengthen our border control efforts. I have traveled to the southern border and have seen the unprotected areas that allow the free flow of illegal immigrants into our country. Allowing illegal immigration to flourish is a threat to our national security."
* Concrete border wall - "I have seen the fences being built on the border by U.S. Customs and Border Patrol. I have watched illegal immigrants scale these fences and easily move between the United States and Mexico. To address this, I have designed a concrete border wall proposal. I have 35 years of experience in the earth-moving, drainage and concrete construction business, which gives me the background to design an effective wall. My concrete wall would function as both a human and vehicle barrier, inspired by the success of the concrete wall in Israel. My design is cost efficient, easy to construct and impenetrable. This design would funnel illegal traffic to our ports of entry, where it can be reasonably controlled by our nation's customs and border patrol agents."
* An immigration policy designed to enhance the economic, social and cultural well-being of the United States.

King opposes:[114]

* Amnesty - "I believe we only encourage illegal immigration by discussing amnesty for the 12-20 million illegal immigrants living in the United States today. I adamantly oppose amnesty, regardless of the guise under which it is presented. Amnesty pardons immigration lawbreakers and rewards them with the objective of their crime—citizenship."
* "Job magnets" - "In addition to a physical deterrent, I believe we must shut off the job magnets that encourage illegal immigrants to come to the United States. I have authored New IDEA, the Illegal Deduction Elimination Act, which would protect American jobs for American workers. New IDEA would make wages and benefits paid to illegal immigrants nondeductible for federal tax purposes. This would eliminate the incentive of hiring illegal workers to employ cheap labor. New IDEA would also make E-Verify permanent and provide "safe harbor" for employers who use this employment eligibility system. My legislation would also create an information sharing system between the Internal Revenue Service, the Department of Homeland Security and the Social Security Administration. By using an automated system to verify employment authorization, and by sharing this information amongst three federal agencies, false identification documents and illegal workers will be identified more easily."
* Incentives for illegal immigrants - "In addition to border security and workplace enforcement, our nation must eliminate needless incentives that encourage illegal immigration and cost taxpayers significant amounts of money each year. I do not believe it is in the best interest of our nation to continue tolerating the practice of illegal aliens giving birth to children in the U.S. in order to obtain citizenship for the child, then moving back to their country of origin with the hopes of achieving uninhibited access to our country for as many family members as possible."

## Elections[edit]

### 2020[edit]

See also: Iowa's 4th Congressional District election, 2020

Iowa's 4th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 2 Democratic primary)

Iowa's 4th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 2 Republican primary)

General election

##### General election for U.S. House Iowa District 4

Randy Feenstra defeated J.D. Scholten in the general election for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Randy Feenstra (R)  |

62.0

| 237,369

| J.D. Scholten (D)  |

37.8

| 144,761
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.2

| 892

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 383,022

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

#####  Democratic primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4

J.D. Scholten advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| J.D. Scholten |

99.6

| 46,370
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.4

| 166

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 46,536

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

#####  Republican primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4

Randy Feenstra defeated incumbent Steve King, Jeremy Taylor, Bret Richards, and Steve Reeder in the Republican primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on June 2, 2020.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Randy Feenstra |

45.5

| 37,329

| Steve King |

35.8

| 29,366

| Jeremy Taylor |

7.8

| 6,418

| Bret Richards |

7.5

| 6,140

| Steve Reeder |

3.1

| 2,528
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.2

| 176

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 81,957

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

#### Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

* Aaron Thomas Krull (R)

#### Candidate profile[edit]

Steve King

Party: Republican Party

Incumbent: Yes

Political Office:

U.S. House of Representatives (Assumed office: 2003)

Iowa State Senate (1996-2002)

Biography: Steve King was born in Storm Lake, Iowa, and attended Denison High School and Northwest Missouri State University, where he studied math and science. In 1975, he founded King Construction, which remained in operation under the management of his oldest son as of the 2020 election.

* * *

Key Messages

* * *

King said he had a long record of casting conservative votes during his time in office and that he considered restrictions on abortion, encouraging ethanol and biodiesel production, and repealing Obamacare to be policy priorities.

* * *

King said that he was recognized both in Iowa and across the country as a prominent constitutional conservative and "a frequent contributor to Fox News, national magazines, newspapers and radio."

* * *

King said coastal elites were backing Randy Feenstra because of King's policy stances and that the primary in the 4th district was "the epicenter of the battle against the swamp right now."

* * *

Sources: Steve King 2020 campaign website, "About," accessed May 29, 2020, Sioux City Journal, "Steve King: Here's why you should vote for me in 4th District U.S. House primary," May 20, 2020; U.S. House of Representatives, "Steve King - Biography," accessed May 29, 2020

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Iowa District 4 in 2020

### 2018[edit]

See also: Iowa's 4th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

##### General election for U.S. House Iowa District 4

Incumbent Steve King defeated J.D. Scholten, Charles Aldrich, and Edward Peterson in the general election for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Steve King (R)  |

50.3

| 157,676

| J.D. Scholten (D)  |

47.0

| 147,246

| Charles Aldrich (L)  |

2.0

| 6,161

| Edward Peterson (Independent)  |

0.6

| 1,962
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.1

| 206

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 313,251
(100.00% precincts reporting)

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

#####  Democratic primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4

J.D. Scholten defeated Leann Jacobsen and John Paschen in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| J.D. Scholten |

51.3

| 14,733

| Leann Jacobsen |

32.0

| 9,176

| John Paschen |

16.7

| 4,806

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.

| Total votes: 28,715

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

#####  Republican primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4

Incumbent Steve King defeated Cyndi Hanson in the Republican primary for U.S. House Iowa District 4 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Steve King |

74.8

| 28,053

| Cyndi Hanson |

25.2

| 9,437

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.

| Total votes: 37,490

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

#### Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

* Paul Dahl (D)

### 2016[edit]

See also: Iowa's 4th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Steve King (R) defeated Kim Weaver (D) in the general election on November 8, 2016. King defeated Rick Bertrand in the Republican primary on June 7, 2016, while Weaver ran unopposed in the Democratic primary.[115][116]

U.S. House, Iowa District 4 General Election, 2016

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King Incumbent | 61.2% | 226,719
| Democratic  |  Kim Weaver  | 38.6% | 142,993
| N/A  |  Write-in  | 0.1% | 547
Total Votes | 370,259
Source: Iowa Secretary of State

U.S. House, Iowa District 4 Republican Primary, 2016

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Steve King Incumbent | 64.7% | 29,098
Rick Bertrand  | 35.3% | 15,872
Total Votes | 44,970
Source: Iowa Secretary of State

### 2014[edit]

See also: Iowa's 4th Congressional District elections, 2014

King ran for re-election to the U.S. House in 2014. He ran unopposed for the Republican nomination in the primary election. The general election took place on November 4, 2014.

U.S. House, Iowa District 4 General Election, 2014

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King Incumbent | 61.6% | 169,834
| Democratic  |  Jim Mowrer  | 38.3% | 105,504
| Write-in  |  Other  | 0.1% | 295
Total Votes | 275,633
Source: Iowa Secretary of State Official Results

#### Polls[edit]

Steve King 2014 re-election bid

Poll | Steve King | Democratic opponent| Undecided| Sample Size
Public Policy Polling
October 2-3, 2013
| 45%| 49%| 8%| 855
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org

#### Possible Senate run in 2014[edit]

See also: United States Senate elections in Iowa, 2014

King considered a run for outgoing Democratic Sen. Tom Harkin's seat in the November 4, 2014 U.S. Senate election before opting not to run.[117][118][119]

King conducted after an interview with the Des Moines Register on May 1, 2013, in which he stated that he was “embarrassed” he didn’t have an answer yet about his plans to run for U.S. Senate.[120] He also commented that he never expected to still be undecided in May, saying “Things are stacking up on me so fast, I hardly have time to deal with the issue...There’s a lot of support to do this, and I just don’t know the answer. And I’m embarrassed that I don’t know the answer....I’ve just been pinned down doing my job, believe it or not. It just keeps me busy representing people in Congress," citing events pending in Congress, especially the farm bill and the immigration issue, as the primary issues receiving his attention.[120]

##### Decision not to run[edit]

King announced on May 6, 2013, that he would not be running for the Senate seat.[121][122]

### 2012[edit]

See also: Iowa's 4th Congressional District elections, 2012

King ran in the 2012 election for the U.S. House to represent Iowa's 4th District. King won the nomination on the Republican ticket.[123] King ran unopposed in the Republican primary. Candidate Christie Vilsack ran unopposed in the Democratic primary. The two faced off in the general election on November 6, 2012, and King won the contest. Candidates wishing to run were required to file by the signature filing deadline of March 16, 2012. The primary elections took place on June 5, 2012.[124]

U.S. House, Iowa District 4 General Election, 2012

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King Incumbent | 53% | 200,063
| Democratic  |  Christie Vilsack  | 44.9% | 169,470
| Independent  |  Martin James Monroe  | 2.2% | 8,124
Total Votes | 377,657
Source: Iowa Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

#### Race background[edit]

Incumbent Steve King, who defeated 2010 opponent Matthew Campbell by over 65,200 votes, faced a considerably more difficult race in 2012. As the New York Times reported, this occurred at the same time support for tea party candidates nationwide had dwindled. In the election's first debate, Democratic challenger Christie Vilsack asked pointed questions regarding a Farm Bill that the U.S. House failed to pass.[125]

However, Christie Vilsack faced an uphill battle in a socially conservative district. Like other Democratic candidates running in socially conservative areas, notably Jim Graves who challenged tea-party favorite Michele Bachmann in Minnesota's 6th Congressional District, Vilsack steered away from hot button, national issues like abortion. Instead, she focused on local initiatives and ways the government might assist farmers.[126]

#### Polls[edit]

Steve King vs. Christie Vilsack

Poll | Steve King | Christie Vilsack| Don't know| Sample size
Public Policy Polling (September 24-25, 2012)
| 48%| 45%| 7%| 577
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.

#### Media[edit]

Steve King's first TV ad of the election was launched on August 27, 2012.

Steve King "Land"[127]

### 2010[edit]

On November 2, 2010, Steve King won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Matthew Campbell (D) and Martin James Monroe (I) in the general election.[128]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5 General Election, 2010

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King incumbent | 65.7% | 128,363
| Democratic  |  Matthew Campbell  | 32.4% | 63,160
| Independent  |  Martin James Monroe  | 1.9% | 3,622
| Independent  |  Write-In  | 0% | 94
Total Votes | 195,239

### 2008[edit]

On November 4, 2008, Steve King won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Rob Hubler (D) and Victor Vara (I) in the general election.[129]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5 General Election, 2008

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King incumbent | 59.8% | 159,430
| Democratic  |  Rob Hubler  | 37.4% | 99,601
| Independent  |  Victor Vara  | 2.8% | 7,406
Total Votes | 266,437

### 2006[edit]

On November 7, 2006, Steve King won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Joyce Shulte (D), Roy Nielsen (Nominated by Petition) and Cheryl L. Brodersen (Nominated by Petition) in the general election.[130]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5 General Election, 2006

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King incumbent | 58.5% | 105,580
| Democratic  |  Joyce Shulte  | 35.6% | 64,181
| Independent  |  Roy Nielsen  | 4.5% | 8,159
| Independent  |  Cheryl L. Brodersen  | 1.4% | 2,479
Total Votes | 180,399

### 2004[edit]

On November 2, 2004, Steve King won re-election to the United States House. He defeated E. Joyce Shulte (D) in the general election.[131]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5 General Election, 2004

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King incumbent | 63.3% | 168,583
| Democratic  |  E. Joyce Shulte  | 36.6% | 97,597
| N/A  |  Write-in  | 0.1% | 161
Total Votes | 266,341

### 2002[edit]

On November 5, 2002, Steve King won election to the United States House. He defeated Paul Shomshor (D) in the general election.[132]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5 General Election, 2002

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Steve King | 62.1% | 113,257
| Democratic  |  Paul Shomshor  | 37.8% | 68,853
| N/A  |  Write-in  | 0.1% | 127
Total Votes | 182,237

## Campaign themes[edit]

### 2020[edit]

#### Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Steve King did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

### 2016[edit]

The following issues were listed on King's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, click here.

“  |

* Repeal Obamacare: Before meaningful reform of our national health care system can begin, it is essential to first fully repeal 100% of ObamaCare. Absent repeal, there is nothing to replace.

* Economy: President Obama’s “Stimulus Bill” was poor public policy sold to the American people under the pretense of saving them from an economic collapse. This was an attempt to stimulate economic growth through government spending, which succeeded in increasing our debt and deficit but failed to stimulate the economy in a measureable way.

* Job Creation: Stop the Tax Increase Culture: Without action, small business owners and hardworking Americans are facing uncertainty about skyrocketing taxes, which makes it difficult for small business owners to plan ahead, grow their operations, and hire more workers. Washington’s tax increase culture is also injecting uncertainty into family finances. It’s hard for a family to know whether now is the time to explore new jobs or a new business venture if the tax rules are up in the air. We must give small businesses and families the certainty they need to create and take advantage of economic opportunities.

* Taxes: We must abolish the IRS and replace the federal income tax – and all other forms of federal taxation – with the Fair Tax, a national consumption tax.

* Immigration: Immigration policy must be designed to enhance the economic, social and cultural well being of the United States. I believe we have an obligation to address our growing illegal immigration problem. We must enforce the laws already on the books, which includes completing the border fence along our southern border.

[133]

|  ”

|
|

—Steve King's campaign website, http://www.steveking.com/issues/

## Noteworthy events[edit]

### January 14, 2019: King removed from committee assignments[edit]

On January 14, 2019, the House Republican Steering Committee voted to remove King from all committee assignments in the 116th Congress following comments that he made in a New York Times interview.[134] In the interview published on January 10, King said, "White nationalist, white supremacist, Western civilization — how did that language become offensive?"[135]

Rep. King responded on January 14 to his removal from committee assignments, saying that his quote was taken out of context and that the committee's decision was a political decision. He said, "When I used the word 'THAT' it was in reference ONLY to Western Civilization and NOT to any previous stated evil ideology ALL of which I have denounced."[136]

## Campaign donors[edit]

### Comprehensive donor history[edit]

* * *

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

* * *

Steve King campaign contribution history

Year | Office | Result | Contributions
2018 | U.S. House Iowa District 4 |  ✔ | $869,934
2016 | U.S. House, Iowa District 4 |  ✔ | $943,840
2014 | U.S. House (Iowa, District 4) |  ✔ | $2,000,377
Grand total raised | $3,814,151

Source: Follow the Money

### 2018[edit]

U.S. House Iowa District 4 2018 election - Campaign Contributions

Top industry contributors to Steve King's campaign in 2018
Agriculture | $57,170.00
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate | $55,050.00
General Business | $47,200.00
Ideology/Single Issue | $44,950.00
Energy & Natural Resources | $38,725.00
Total Raised in 2018 | $869,934.36
Source: Follow the Money

U.S. House Iowa District 4 2018 election - Campaign Contributions

Top individual contributors to Steve King's campaign in 2018
LAMBERTI, DONALD F | $5,400.00
GRIEND, DAVID VANDER | $5,400.00
STARK JR, C RICHARD | $5,400.00
KIRKE, GERALD M | $5,400.00
HILLMAN, ROBERTA W (BOBBIE) | $5,400.00
Total Raised in 2018 | $869,934.36
Source: Follow the Money

### 2016[edit]

King won re-election to the U.S. House in 2016. During that election cycle, King's campaign committee raised a total of $943,840 and spent $878,046.[137] This is less than the average $1.46 million spent by U.S. House winners in 2016.[138]

#### Cost per vote[edit]

King spent $3.87 per general election vote received in 2016.

U.S. House, Iowa District 4, 2016 - Steve King (Iowa) Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $943,840
Total Spent | $878,046
Total Raised by Election Runner-up | $159,274
Total Spent by Election Runner-up | $139,603
Top contributors to Steve King (Iowa)'s campaign committee
Wells Blue Bunny| $10,800
College Loan Corp| $10,600
American Bankers Assn| $10,000
American Podiatric Medical Assn| $10,000
AT&T Inc| $10,000
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Retired| $95,602
Republican/Conservative| $69,264
Crop Production & Basic Processing| $52,977
Misc Business| $43,582
Agricultural Services/Products| $32,300
Source: Open Secrets

### 2014[edit]

King won re-election to the U.S. House in 2014. During that election cycle, King's campaign committee raised a total of $2,000,377 and spent $1,983,500.[139] This is more than the average $1.45 million spent by House winners in 2014.[140]

#### Cost per vote[edit]

King spent $11.68 per general election vote received in 2014.

U.S. House, Iowa District 4, 2014 - Steve King (Iowa) Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $2,000,377
Total Spent | $1,983,500
Total Raised by Election Runner-up | $2,172,730
Total Spent by Election Runner-up | $2,167,517
Top contributors to Steve King (Iowa)'s campaign committee
Sukup Manufacturing| $14,500
AG Processing| $13,000
Doll Distributing| $11,900
Holden's Foundation Seed| $10,400
Mail Services LLC| $10,400
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Retired| $171,035
Republican/Conservative| $120,888
Crop Production & Basic Processing| $120,190
Agricultural Services/Products| $48,000
Leadership PACs| $41,945

To view the breakdown of campaign funding by type click [show] to expand the section.

|

Breakdown of the source of King's campaign funds before the 2014 election.

Below are King's FEC reports.[141]

Steve King (2014) Campaign Finance Reports

Report| Date Filed| Beginning Balance| Total Contributions
for Reporting Period| Expenditures| Cash on Hand
April Quarterly[142]| April 15, 2013| $119,193.14| $108,630.54| $(137,675.17)| $90,148.51
July Quarterly[143]| July 15, 2013| $90,148.51| $139,715.62| $(124,086.40)| $105,777.73
October Quarterly[144]| October 13, 2013| $105,777.73| $109,871.37| $(122,861.40)| $92,787.70
Year-end[145]| January 31, 2014| $92,787| $162,850| $(116,209)| $139,428
April Quarterly[146]| April 15, 2014| $139,428| $121,041| $(72,917)| $187,551
July Quarterly[147]| July 15, 2014| $223,530| $325,247| $(106,216)| $442,672
October Quarterly[148]| October 15, 2014| $442,672| $601,537| $(307,339)| $736,871
| | | Running totals|
| | | $1,568,892.53| $(987,303.97)|

### 2012[edit]

King won re-election to the U.S. House in 2012. During that election cycle, King's campaign committee raised a total of $3,753,859 and spent $3,815,764.[149] This is more than the average $1.5 million spent by House winners in 2012.[150]

#### Cost per vote[edit]

King spent $19.07 per vote received in 2012.

| U.S. House, Iowa District 5, 2012 - Steve King (Iowa) Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $3,753,859
Total Spent | $3,815,764
Total Raised by Election Runner-up | $3,359,507
Total Spent by Election Runner-up | $3,355,947
Top contributors to Steve King (Iowa)'s campaign committee
Club for Growth| $255,021
Susan B. Anthonly List| $16,250
Cnos| $14,000
National Rifle Assn| $11,300
Terra Industries| $11,000
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Republican/Conservative| $384,816
Retired| $220,199
Crop Production & Basic Processing| $161,955
Misc Business| $114,595
Agriculture Services/Products| $99,250

To view the breakdown of campaign funding by type click [show] to expand the section.

|

Breakdown of the source of King's campaign funds before the 2012 election.

### 2010[edit]

King won re-election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 2010. During that re-election cycle, King's campaign committee raised a total of $1,015,039 and spent $1,013,945.[151]

U.S. House, Iowa District 5, 2010 - Steve King (Iowa) Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $1,015,039
Total Spent | $1,013,945
Total Raised by General Election Opponent | $249,782
Total Spent by General Election Opponent | $261,265
Top contributors to Steve King (Iowa)'s campaign committee
American Crystal Sugar| $10,000
AT&T Inc| $10,000
Honeywell International| $10,000
National Assn of Home Builders| $10,000
Beef Products Inc| $9,600
Top 5 industries that contributed to campaign committee
Crop Production & Basic Processing| $70,060
Retired| $43,185
Agricultural Services/Products| $42,879
Health Professionals| $27,900
Automotive| $24,310

To view the breakdown of campaign funding by type click [show] to expand the section.

|

Breakdown of the source of King's campaign funds before the 2010 election.

## Personal Gain Index[edit]

See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

* Changes in Net Worth
* The Donation Concentration Metric

### PGI: Change in net worth[edit]

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, King's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $155,015 and $551,000. That averages to $353,007.50, which is lower than the average net worth of Republican representatives in 2012 of $6,956,438.47. King ranked as the 305th most wealthy representative in 2012.[152] Between 2004 and 2012, King's calculated net worth[153] decreased by an average of 6 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[154]

Steve King Yearly Net Worth

Year| Average Net Worth
2004| $632,635
2012| $353,007
Growth from 2004 to 2012:| -44%
Average annual growth:| -6%[155]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[156]
The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

### PGI: Donation Concentration Metric[edit]

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). King received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Republican/Conservative industry.

From 2001-2014, 21.92 percent of King's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[157]

Steve King (Iowa) Campaign Contributions

Total Raised | $8,681,783
Total Spent | $8,183,786
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Republican/Conservative| $542,844
Crop Production & Basic Processing| $429,764
Retired| $427,544
Agricultural Services/Products| $311,345
Leadership PACs| $191,549
% total in top industry| 6.25%
% total in top two industries| 11.2%
% total in top five industries| 21.92%

## Analysis[edit]

### Ideology and leadership[edit]

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, King was a "far-right Republican leader," as of July 31, 2014. This was the same rating King received in June 2013.[158]

### Like-minded colleagues[edit]

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[159]

King most often votes with:

* Adrian Smith
* John Barrow

King least often votes with:

* Walter Jones
* Barbara Lee

|

### Lifetime voting record[edit]

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, King missed 210 of 9,303 roll call votes from January 2003 to September 2015. This amounted to 2.3 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.[160]

### Congressional staff salaries[edit]

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. King paid his congressional staff a total of $967,473 in 2011. He ranked 72nd on the list of the highest paid Republican representative staff salaries and ranked 227th overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Iowa ranked 16th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[161]

#### Staff bonuses[edit]

According to an analysis by CNN, King was one of nearly 25 percent of House members who gave their staff bonuses in 2012. King's staff was given an apparent $3,721.49 in bonus money.[162]

### National Journal vote ratings[edit]

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year.

#### 2013[edit]

King ranked 59th in the conservative rankings in 2013.[163]

#### 2012[edit]

King ranked 12th in the conservative rankings in 2012.[164]

#### 2011[edit]

King ranked 74th in the conservative rankings in 2011.[165]

### Voting with party[edit]

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

#### 2014[edit]

King voted with the Republican Party 94.4 percent of the time, which ranked 110th among the 234 House Republican members as of July 2014.[166]

#### 2013[edit]

King voted with the Republican Party 96.9 percent of the time, which ranked 82nd among the 233 House Republican members as of June 2013.[167]

## 2016 Republican National Convention[edit]

See also: Republican National Convention, 2016

|

Steve King
Republican National Convention, 2016
Status:| At-large delegate
State:| Iowa
Bound to:| Unknown
Delegates to the RNC 2016
Calendar and delegate rules overview • Types of delegates • Delegate rules by state • State election law and delegates • Delegates by state

## Contents

* 1 Biography
* 2 Career
* 3 Committee assignments
* 3.1 U.S. House
* 3.1.1 2017-2018
* 3.1.2 2015-2016
* 3.1.3 2013-2014
* 3.1.4 2011-2012
* 4 Key votes
* 4.1 Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2020
* 4.2 Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress
* 4.3 Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018
* 4.4 114th Congress
* 4.4.1 Economic and fiscal
* 4.4.1.1 Trade Act of 2015
* 4.4.1.2 Defense spending authorization
* 4.4.1.3 2016 Budget proposal
* 4.4.1.4 2015 budget
* 4.4.2 Foreign Affairs
* 4.4.2.1 Iran nuclear deal
* 4.4.2.2 Export-Import Bank
* 4.4.3 Domestic
* 4.4.3.1 USA FREEDOM Act of 2015
* 4.4.3.2 Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act
* 4.4.3.3 Cyber security
* 4.4.4 Immigration
* 4.5 113th Congress
* 4.6 National security
* 4.6.1 DHS Appropriations
* 4.6.2 Keystone Pipeline Amendment
* 4.6.3 CISPA (2013)
* 4.6.4 NDAA
* 4.7 Economy
* 4.7.1 Farm bill
* 4.7.2 2014 Budget
* 4.7.3 Government shutdown
* 4.8 Immigration
* 4.8.1 Morton Memos Prohibition
* 4.9 Healthcare
* 4.9.1 Healthcare Reform Rules
* 4.9.2 Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act
* 4.10 Social issues
* 4.10.1 Amash amendment
* 4.11 Government affairs
* 4.11.1 HR 676
* 4.12 Previous congressional sessions
* 4.12.1 Fiscal Cliff
* 4.12.1.1 Legislation
* 5 Issues
* 5.1 Presidential preference
* 5.2 2016 presidential endorsement
* 5.3 Immigration
* 6 Elections
* 6.1 2020
* 6.1.1 Candidate profile
* 6.2 2018
* 6.3 2016
* 6.4 2014
* 6.4.1 Polls
* 6.4.2 Possible Senate run in 2014
* 6.4.2.1 Decision not to run
* 6.5 2012
* 6.5.1 Race background
* 6.5.2 Polls
* 6.5.3 Media
* 6.6 2010
* 6.7 2008
* 6.8 2006
* 6.9 2004
* 6.10 2002
* 7 Campaign themes
* 7.1 2020
* 7.2 2016
* 8 Noteworthy events
* 8.1 January 14, 2019: King removed from committee assignments
* 9 Campaign donors
* 9.1 Comprehensive donor history
* 9.2 2018
* 9.3 2016
* 9.3.1 Cost per vote
* 9.4 2014
* 9.4.1 Cost per vote
* 9.5 2012
* 9.5.1 Cost per vote
* 9.6 2010
* 10 Personal Gain Index
* 10.1 PGI: Change in net worth
* 10.2 PGI: Donation Concentration Metric
* 11 Analysis
* 11.1 Ideology and leadership
* 11.2 Like-minded colleagues
* 11.3 Lifetime voting record
* 11.4 Congressional staff salaries
* 11.4.1 Staff bonuses
* 11.5 National Journal vote ratings
* 11.5.1 2013
* 11.5.2 2012
* 11.5.3 2011
* 11.6 Voting with party
* 11.6.1 2014
* 11.6.2 2013
* 12 2016 Republican National Convention
* 12.1 Delegate rules
* 12.2 Iowa caucus results
* 12.3 Delegate allocation
* 13 See also
* 14 External links
* 15 Footnotes

King was an at-large delegate to the 2016 Republican National Convention from Iowa.[168]

In Iowa's Republican caucuses on February 1, 2016, Ted Cruz won eight delegates, Donald Trump and Marco Rubio won seven delegates each, Ben Carson won three delegates, while five candidates—Rand Paul, Jeb Bush, Carly Fiorina, John Kasich, and Mike Huckabee—all won one delegate each.

Ballotpedia was not able to identify to which candidate King was allocated based on the results of the Iowa caucuses or which candidate King was bound by state party rules to support at the national convention. If you have information on how Iowa’s Republican delegates were allocated, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.[169]

On June 1, 2016, Eric Rosenthal, the chairman of the Iowa Republican State Convention Nominating Committee, wrote in The Gazette that all 30 delegates from Iowa would support Trump at the convention. "Mr. Trump will be the only candidate nominated [at the convention], therefore, all 30 delegate votes will be voted for him," said Rosenthal.[170]

### Delegate rules[edit]

See also: RNC delegate guidelines from Iowa, 2016 and Republican delegates from Iowa, 2016

Iowa's district-level delegates were elected at district conventions, while at-large delegates were selected by a nominating committee and approved by delegates to the state convention. Iowa GOP bylaws in 2016 stipulated that delegates to the national convention were to be bound to the candidate to whom they were allocated through the first round of voting "regardless of whether any such candidate has withdrawn from the race or otherwise does not have his or her name placed in nomination." Iowa GOP bylaws also stated, however, that if there was only one candidate on the nominating ballot at the convention and if that candidate "received votes in the Iowa Caucuses," then all Iowa delegates were bound to vote for that candidate through the first round of voting.

### Iowa caucus results[edit]

See also: Presidential election in Iowa, 2016
Iowa Republican Caucus, 2016

Candidate | Vote % | Votes | Delegates
Ted Cruz | 27.7% | 51,666 | 8
Donald Trump  | 24.3% | 45,427 | 7
Marco Rubio  | 23.1% | 43,165 | 7
Ben Carson  | 9.3% | 17,395 | 3
Rand Paul  | 4.5% | 8,481 | 1
Jeb Bush  | 2.8% | 5,238 | 1
Carly Fiorina  | 1.9% | 3,485 | 1
John Kasich  | 1.9% | 3,474 | 1
Mike Huckabee  | 1.8% | 3,345 | 1
Chris Christie  | 1.8% | 3,284 | 0
Rick Santorum  | 1% | 1,783 | 0
Totals | 186,743 | 30
Source: The Des Moines Register, "Iowa Caucus Results"

### Delegate allocation[edit]

See also: 2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules

Iowa had 30 delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention. Of this total, 12 were district-level delegates (three for each of the state's four congressional districts). District-level delegates were allocated on a proportional basis; each candidate who won a percentage of the statewide vote in Iowa's caucuses received a share of the state's district-level delegates.[171][172]

Of the remaining 18 delegates, 15 served at large. At-large delegates were allocated proportionally based on the statewide vote; any candidate who won a percentage of the statewide vote was entitled to receive a share of Iowa's at-large delegates. In addition, three national party leaders (identified on the chart below as RNC delegates) served as bound delegates to the Republican National Convention.[171][172]

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## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Biographical Guide to Members of Congress, "Steve King," accessed November 9, 2011
2. ↑ Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "KING, Steve, (1949 - )," accessed February 10, 2015
3. ↑ U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017
4. ↑ U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 18, 2015
5. ↑ CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed March 3, 2013
6. ↑ U.S. House of Representatives, "Committee Assignments," accessed March 29, 2014
7. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "House of Representatives Committee Assignments," accessed November 9, 2011
8. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018
9. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018
10. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018
11. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019
12. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017
13. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017
14. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017
15. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017
16. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018
17. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018
18. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018
19. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018
20. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018
21. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018
22. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018
23. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018
24. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018
25. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018
26. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017
27. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017
28. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017
29. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017
30. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017
31. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017
32. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017
33. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017
34. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017
35. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017
36. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017
37. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018
38. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018
39. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017
40. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017
41. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017
42. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017
43. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017
44. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017
45. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017
46. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
47. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
48. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
49. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015
50. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
51. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015
52. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
53. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015
54. ↑ Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015
55. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015
56. ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
57. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
58. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
59. ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
60. ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
61. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
62. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
63. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
64. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015
65. ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
66. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
67. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
68. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
69. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015
70. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015
71. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015
72. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015
73. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015
74. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015
75. ↑ Congress.gov, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015
76. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015
77. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015
78. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015
79. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
80. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015
81. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015
82. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015
83. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015
84. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015
85. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015
86. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015
87. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015
88. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015
89. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
90. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 91.2 91.3 91.4 91.5 91.6 91.7 Project Vote Smart, "Steve King Key Votes," accessed October 14, 2013
92. ↑ The Library of Congress, "Bill Summary & Status - 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) - H.R.624," accessed August 27, 2013
93. ↑ Clerk of U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 31: H.R. 2642," accessed February 12, 2014
94. ↑ Politico, "House clears farm bill," accessed February 12, 2014
95. ↑ 95.0 95.1 New York Times, "Senate passes long-stalled farm bill, with clear winners and losers," accessed February 12, 2014
96. ↑ 96.0 96.1 CNN.com, "House passes compromise $1.1 trillion budget for 2014," accessed January 20, 2014
97. ↑ 97.0 97.1 97.2 U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 21," accessed January 20, 2014
98. ↑ Roll Call, "House Passes $1.1 Trillion Omnibus," accessed January 20, 2014
99. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
100. ↑ Buzzfeed, "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013
101. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
102. ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
103. ↑ U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013
104. ↑ U.S. House, "House Resolution 676," accessed July 30, 2014
105. ↑ Associated Press, "Suing Obama: GOP-led House gives the go-ahead," July 31, 2014
106. ↑ Washington Post, "House clears way for lawsuit against Obama," accessed July 30, 2014
107. ↑ U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
108. ↑ Govtrack.us, "H.R. 997: English Language Unity Act of 2005," accessed March 12, 2012
109. ↑ OpenCongress, "H.R.997 - English Language Unity Act of 2011," accessed March 12, 2012
110. ↑ Congressman Steve King, "Issues and Legislation," accessed March 12, 2012
111. ↑ OpenCongress, "H.R.140 - Birthright Citizenship Act of 2011," accessed March 12, 2012
112. ↑ Washington Post, "Ted Cruz is now the favorite (or close to it) in the Iowa caucuses," November 16, 2015
113. ↑ Congressman Steve King, "Issues and Legislation," accessed March 12, 2012
114. ↑ Congressman Steve King, "Issues and Legislation," accessed March 12, 2012
115. ↑ Iowa Secretary of State, "Candidate Listing by Office," accessed March 19, 2016
116. ↑ The New York Times "Iowa Caucus Results," June 7, 2016
117. ↑ The Gazette, "King keeping door open for U.S. Senate seat in 2014," accessed November 8, 2012
118. ↑ Washington Post, "Steve King is out. The next phase of the Iowa Senate race starts now," accessed May 25, 2013
119. ↑ Fox News, "Iowa's Steve King rules out GOP bid for Senate in 2014," accessed May 25, 2013
120. ↑ 120.0 120.1 Des Moines Register, "King ‘embarrassed’ to still be undecided on Senate run," accessed May 2, 2013
121. ↑ Washington Post, "Steve King is out. The next phase of the Iowa Senate race starts now," accessed May 25, 2013
122. ↑ Fox News, "Iowa's Steve King rules out GOP bid for Senate in 2014," accessed May 25, 2013
123. ↑ The Messenger, "Vilsack launches campaign," accessed December 16, 2011
124. ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map," accessed November 6, 2012
125. ↑ New York Times, "In Iowa and Beyond, Redrawn Districts Test Favorites of Tea Party," accessed: October 12, 2012
126. ↑ New York Times, "In Iowa and Beyond, Redrawn Districts Test Favorites of Tea Party," accessed October 12, 2012
127. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWCXEgv5miE&feature=youtu.be YouTube channel, "Video," accessed 2012]
128. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
129. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
130. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
131. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
132. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
133. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
134. ↑ NY Times, "Steve King Loses House Committee Seats Over White Supremacy Remark," January 14, 2019
135. ↑ NY Times, "Before Trump, Steve King Set the Agenda for the Wall and Anti-Immigrant Politics," January 10, 2019
136. ↑ Twitter, "Steve King on Twitter, January 14, 2019," accessed January 15, 2019
137. ↑ Open Secrets, "Career Fundraising for Steven A King," accessed May 11, 2017
138. ↑ Open Secrets, "Winning vs. Spending," accessed March 22, 2016
139. ↑ Open Secrets, "Steve King 2014 Election Cycle," accessed April 6, 2015
140. ↑ Open Secrets, "Winning vs. Spending," accessed April 6, 2015
141. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Steve King 2014 Summary reports," accessed July 24, 2013
142. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "April Quarterly" accessed July 25, 2013
143. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "July Quarterly" accessed July 25, 2013
144. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "October Quarterly," accessed October 24, 2013
145. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Year End Report," accessed February 17, 2014
146. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "April Quarterly," accessed April 21, 2014
147. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "July Quarterly," accessed October 23, 2014
148. ↑ Federal Election Commission, "October Quarterly," accessed October 23, 2014
149. ↑ http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00025237&cycle=2012 Open Secrets, "Steve King 2012 Election Cycle," accessed February 20, 2013]
150. ↑ Open Secrets, "Election 2012: The Big Picture Shows Record Cost of Winning a Seat in Congress," accessed June 19, 2013
151. ↑ Open Secrets, "Steve King 2010 Election Cycle," accessed November 11, 2011
152. ↑ OpenSecrets, "King, (R-IA), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
153. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).
154. ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
155. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.
156. ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
157. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Steven A. King," accessed September 24, 2014
158. ↑ GovTrack, "Steve King," accessed July 31, 2014
159. ↑ OpenCongress, "Rep. Steve King," archived March 4, 2016
160. ↑ GovTrack, "Rep. Steve King (R)," accessed October 1, 2015
161. ↑ LegiStorm, "Steve King," accessed 2012
162. ↑ CNN Politics, "Congressional bonuses in a time of cuts," accessed March 8, 2013
163. ↑ National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed July 30, 2014
164. ↑ National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," February 28, 2013
165. ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
166. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
167. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014
168. ↑ Caffeinated Thoughts, "Iowa GOP State Convention Live Blog," May 21, 2016
169. ↑ To build our list of the state and territorial delegations to the 2016 Republican National Convention, Ballotpedia relied primarily upon official lists provided by state and territorial Republican parties, email exchanges and phone interviews with state party officials, official lists provided by state governments, and, in some cases, unofficial lists compiled by local media outlets. When possible, we included what type of delegate the delegate is (at-large, district-level, or RNC) and which candidate they were bound by state and national party bylaws to support at the convention. For most delegations, Ballotpedia was able to track down all of this information. For delegations where we were not able to track down this information or were only able to track down partial lists, we included this note. If you have additional information on this state's delegation, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
170. ↑ The Gazette, "All Iowa Republican National Delegates will vote for Donald Trump," June 1, 2016
171. ↑ 171.0 171.1 Republican National Committee, "2016 Presidential Nominating Process," accessed October 6, 2015
172. ↑ 172.0 172.1 CNN.com, "Republican National Convention roll call vote," accessed July 20, 2016

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Preceded by
Tom Latham (R) | U.S. House of Representatives \- Iowa District 4
2013 - 2021  |  Succeeded by
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Preceded by
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Preceded by
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