List of therapies

Short description: none

This is a list of types of medical therapy, including forms of traditional medicine and alternative medicine. For psychotherapies and other behavioral and psychological intervention methods, see list of psychotherapies.

* abortive therapy
* acupressure (some scientific aspects, many prescientific)
* acupuncture (some scientific aspects, many prescientific)
* adjunct therapy
* adjunctive therapy
* adjuvant therapy
* alternative therapy (two senses: a second choice among scientific therapies, or alternative medicine)
* androgen replacement therapy
* animal-assisted therapy
* antibody therapy
* antihormone therapy
* antiserum therapy
* aquarium therapy
* aquatic therapy (nonscientific and scientific forms)
* aromatherapy
* art therapy
* Auger therapy
* aurotherapy
* autism therapies
* autologous immune enhancement therapy
* balneotherapy
* bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (some scientific aspects, some pseudoscientific)
* biotherapy
* blood irradiation therapy
* brachytherapy
* cardiac resynchronization therapy
* cell therapy
* cytotherapy
* cell transfer therapy
* chelation therapy
* chemotherapy
* Chinese food therapy (some scientific aspects, mostly prescientific)
* chiropractic therapy (some scientific aspects, some pseudoscientific)
* chronotherapy (treatment scheduling)
* chrysotherapy
* climatotherapy
* cobalt therapy
* cold compression therapy
* combination therapy
* consolidation therapy
* contrast bath therapy
* counseling
* craniosacral therapy (mostly pseudoscientific)
* cryotherapy
* crystal therapy (mostly pre- and pseudoscientific)
* cupping therapy
* curative therapy
* cytoluminescent therapy (mostly pseudoscientific)
* dark therapy
* definitive therapy
* destination therapy
* diathermy
* diesel therapy (ironic name)
* dietary therapy (various nonscientific and scientific forms)
* drug therapy
* duct tape occlusion therapy (mechanism unknown but has had some scientific study)
* electrohomeopathy (electropathy)
* electroconvulsive therapy
* electromagnetic therapy
* electromagnetic therapy (alternative medicine) (pseudoscientific)
* electron therapy
* electrotherapy
* empiric therapy (two senses, one scientific, one not)
* energy therapy (mostly pre- and pseudoscientific)
* enzyme replacement therapy
* epigenetic therapy
* equine therapy
* estrogen replacement therapy
* exercise therapy
* extracorporeal shockwave therapy
* fast neutron therapy
* Feldenkrais therapy (not entirely scientific, but empirical)
* feminizing hormone therapy
* fluoride therapy
* gene therapy
* gene therapy for color blindness
* gene therapy for epilepsy
* gene therapy for osteoarthritis
* gene therapy in Parkinson's disease
* gene therapy of the human retina
* gold standard therapy
* grape therapy (prescientific and quackery forms)
* Greyhound therapy (ironic name)
* halotherapy (mostly prescientific; see also mineral spa)
* heat therapy
* helminthic therapy
* herbal therapy (prescientific and pseudoscientific forms; compare phytotherapy)
* hippotherapy
* hormone therapy
* hormonal therapy (oncology)
* hormone replacement therapy
* horticultural therapy
* host modulatory therapy
* hydrotherapy (nonscientific and scientific forms)
* hyperbaric oxygen therapy
* hyperthermia therapy
* hypothermia therapy for neonatal encephalopathy
* ichthyotherapy (prescientific but empirical)
* immunosuppressive therapy
* immunotherapy
* induction therapy
* intraoperative electron radiation therapy
* intraoperative radiation therapy
* intravenous immunoglobulin therapy
* intravenous therapy
* inversion therapy
* investigational therapy
* laser therapy
* leech therapy (prescientific and scientific forms)
* light therapy
* lithium therapy
* low level laser therapy
* maggot therapy
* magnet therapy
* magnetic resonance therapy
* maintenance therapy
* manual therapy
* martial arts therapy
* masculinizing hormone therapy
* massage therapy
* medical gas therapy
* medical nutrition therapy
* medical therapy in general contexts means therapy and within medical contexts often means specifically pharmacotherapy
* mesotherapy (pseudoscientific)
* microwave thermotherapy
* mindfullness
* molecular chaperone therapy
* molecular therapy
* monoclonal antibody therapy
* monotherapy
* mud therapy (prescientific)
* music therapy
* negative air ionization therapy
* neoadjuvant therapy
* neurologic music therapy
* Neurotherapy
* neutron capture therapy of cancer
* neutron therapy
* occupational therapy
* oral rehydration therapy
* osmotherapy
* oxygen therapy
* ozone therapy
* palliative therapy
* particle therapy
* pet therapy
* phage therapy
* pharmacotherapy
* phonemic neurological hypochromium therapy
* photodynamic therapy
* phototherapy
* photothermal therapy
* physical therapy
* physiotherapy
* phytotherapy
* platin therapy
* polychemotherapy
* polytherapy
* preventive therapy
* prolotherapy
* prophylactic therapy
* protein therapy
* proton therapy
* pulsed electromagnetic field therapy
* PUVA therapy
* qigong therapy
* quack therapies
* radiation therapy
* radiotherapy
* Recreation Therapy
* rehydration therapy
* rescue therapy
* respiratory therapy
* retail therapy (semifacetious name)
* salt therapy (mostly prescientific; see also mineral spa)
* salvage therapy
* scuba diving therapy
* serotherapy
* sex therapy
* sonodynamic therapy (mostly pseudoscientific)
* sound therapy
* spa therapy (prescientific and pseudoscientific forms)
* speech therapy
* speleotherapy (mostly prescientific; see also mineral spa)
* stem cell therapy
* step therapy
* stepladder therapy
* stepdown therapy
* stereotactic radiation therapy
* supportive therapy
* surf therapy
* systemic therapy
* sweat therapy (mostly prescientific; see also sauna and mineral spa)
* tai chi therapy
* targeted therapy
* thalassotherapy
* thermotherapy
* TK cell therapy
* tolerogenic therapy
* transdermal continuous oxygen therapy
* transgender hormone therapy
* ultraviolet light therapy
* urine therapy (some scientific forms; various prescientific or pseudoscientific forms)
* virotherapy
* wake therapy
* Waon therapy
* water cure therapy

## Contents

* 1 By therapy composition
* 1.1 By matter
* 1.2 By energy
* 1.3 By procedure and human interaction
* 1.4 By animal interaction
* 1.5 By meditation
* 1.6 By reading
* 1.7 By creativity
* 1.8 By sleeping and waking
* 2 See also
* 3 References

## By therapy composition

Treatments can be classified according to the method of treatment:

### By matter

* by drugs: pharmacotherapy, chemotherapy (also, medical therapy often means specifically pharmacotherapy)
* by medical devices: implantation
* cardiac resynchronization therapy
* by specific molecules: molecular therapy (although most drugs are specific molecules, molecular medicine refers in particular to medicine relying on molecular biology)
* by specific biomolecular targets: targeted therapy
* molecular chaperone therapy
* by chelation: chelation therapy
* by specific chemical elements:
* by metals:
* by heavy metals:
* by gold: chrysotherapy (aurotherapy)
* by platinum-containing drugs: platin therapy
* by biometals
* by lithium: lithium therapy
* by potassium: potassium supplementation
* by magnesium: magnesium supplementation
* by chromium: chromium supplementation; phonemic neurological hypochromium therapy
* by copper: copper supplementation
* by nonmetals:
* by diatomic oxygen: oxygen therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (hyperbaric medicine)
* transdermal continuous oxygen therapy
* by triatomic oxygen (ozone): ozone therapy
* by fluoride: fluoride therapy
* by other gases: medical gas therapy
* by water:
* hydrotherapy
* aquatic therapy
* rehydration therapy
* oral rehydration therapy
* water cure (therapy)
* by biological materials (biogenic substances, biomolecules, biotic materials, natural products), including their synthetic equivalents: biotherapy
* by whole organisms
* by viruses: virotherapy
* by bacteriophages: phage therapy
* by animal interaction: see animal interaction section
* by constituents or products of organisms
* by plant parts or extracts (but many drugs are derived from plants, even when the term phytotherapy is not used)
* scientific type: phytotherapy
* traditional (prescientific) type: herbalism
* by animal parts: quackery involving shark fins, tiger parts, and so on, often driving threat or endangerment of species
* by genes: gene therapy
* gene therapy for epilepsy
* gene therapy for osteoarthritis
* gene therapy for color blindness
* gene therapy of the human retina
* gene therapy in Parkinson's disease
* by epigenetics: epigenetic therapy
* by proteins: protein therapy (but many drugs are proteins despite not being called protein therapy)
* by enzymes: enzyme replacement therapy
* by hormones: hormone therapy
* hormonal therapy (oncology)
* hormone replacement therapy
* estrogen replacement therapy
* androgen replacement therapy
* hormone replacement therapy (menopause)
* transgender hormone therapy
* feminizing hormone therapy
* masculinizing hormone therapy
* antihormone therapy
* androgen deprivation therapy
* by whole cells: cell therapy (cytotherapy)
* by stem cells: stem cell therapy
* by immune cells: see immune system products below
* by immune system products: immunotherapy, host modulatory therapy
* by immune cells:
* T-cell vaccination
* cell transfer therapy
* autologous immune enhancement therapy
* TK cell therapy
* by humoral immune factors: antibody therapy
* by whole serum: serotherapy, including antiserum therapy
* by immunoglobulins: immunoglobulin therapy
* by monoclonal antibodies: monoclonal antibody therapy
* by urine: urine therapy (some scientific forms; many prescientific or pseudoscientific forms)
* by food and dietary choices:
* medical nutrition therapy
* grape therapy (quackery)
* by salts (but many drugs are the salts of organic acids, even when drug therapy is not called by names reflecting that)
* by salts in the air
* by natural dry salt air: "taking the cure" in desert locales (especially common in prescientific medicine; for example, one 19th-century way to treat tuberculosis)
* by artificial dry salt air:
* low-humidity forms of speleotherapy
* negative air ionization therapy
* by moist salt air:
* by natural moist salt air: seaside cure (especially common in prescientific medicine)
* by artificial moist salt air: water vapor forms of speleotherapy
* by salts in the water
* by mineral water: spa cure ("taking the waters") (especially common in prescientific medicine)
* by seawater: seaside cure (especially common in prescientific medicine)
* by aroma: aromatherapy
* by other materials with mechanism of action unknown
* by occlusion with duct tape: duct tape occlusion therapy

### By energy

* by electric energy as electric current: electrotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy
* Transcranial magnetic stimulation
* Vagus nerve stimulation
* by magnetic energy:
* magnet therapy
* pulsed electromagnetic field therapy
* magnetic resonance therapy
* by electromagnetic radiation (EMR):
* by light: light therapy (phototherapy)
* ultraviolet light therapy
* PUVA therapy
* photodynamic therapy
* photothermal therapy
* cytoluminescent therapy
* blood irradiation therapy
* by darkness: dark therapy
* by lasers: laser therapy
* low level laser therapy
* by gamma rays: radiosurgery
* Gamma Knife radiosurgery
* stereotactic radiation therapy
* cobalt therapy
* by radiation generally: radiation therapy (radiotherapy)
* intraoperative radiation therapy
* by EMR particles:
* particle therapy
* proton therapy
* electron therapy
* intraoperative electron radiation therapy
* Auger therapy
* neutron therapy
* fast neutron therapy
* neutron capture therapy of cancer
* by radioisotopes emitting EMR:
* by nuclear medicine
* by brachytherapy
* quackery type: electromagnetic therapy (alternative medicine)
* by mechanical: manual therapy as massotherapy and therapy by exercise as in physical therapy
* inversion therapy
* by sound:
* by ultrasound:
* ultrasonic lithotripsy
* extracorporeal shockwave therapy
* sonodynamic therapy
* by music: music therapy
* by temperature
* by heat: heat therapy (thermotherapy)
* by moderately elevated ambient temperatures: hyperthermia therapy
* by dry warm surroundings: Waon therapy
* by dry or humid warm surroundings: sauna, including infrared sauna, for sweat therapy
* by cold:
* by extreme cold to specific tissue volumes: cryotherapy
* by ice and compression: cold compression therapy
* by ambient cold:
* hypothermia therapy for neonatal encephalopathy (in newborns)
* targeted temperature management (therapeutic hypothermia, protective hypothermia)
* by hot and cold alternation: contrast bath therapy

### By procedure and human interaction

* Surgery
* by counseling, such as psychotherapy (see also: list of psychotherapies)
* systemic therapy
* by group psychotherapy[1]
* by cognitive behavioral therapy
* by cognitive therapy
* by behaviour therapy
* by dialectical behavior therapy
* by cognitive emotional behavioral therapy
* by cognitive rehabilitation therapy
* by family therapy
* by education
* by psychoeducation
* by information therapy
* by speech therapy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, vision therapy, massage therapy, chiropractic or acupuncture
* by lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding unhealthy food or maintaining a predictable sleep schedule
* by coaching

### By animal interaction

* by pets, assistance animals, or working animals: animal-assisted therapy
* by horses: equine therapy, hippotherapy
* by dogs: pet therapy with therapy dogs, including grief therapy dogs
* by cats: pet therapy with therapy cats
* by fish: ichthyotherapy (wading with fish), aquarium therapy (watching fish)
* by maggots: maggot therapy
* by worms:
* by internal worms: helminthic therapy
* by leeches: leech therapy
* by immersion: animal bath

### By meditation

* by mindfulness: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

### By reading

* by bibliotherapy

### By creativity

* by expression: expressive therapy
* by writing: writing therapy
* journal therapy
* by play: play therapy
* by art: art therapy
* sensory art therapy
* comic book therapy
* by gardening: horticultural therapy
* by dance: dance therapy
* by drama: drama therapy
* by recreation: recreational therapy
* by music: music therapy

### By sleeping and waking

* by deep sleep: deep sleep therapy[2]
* by sleep deprivation: wake therapy[3]

## See also

* List of psychotherapies
* Public health
* Therapeutic jurisprudence

## References

1. ↑ Schwartz, Jeremy. "5 Reasons to Consider Group Therapy" (in en). U.S. News & World Report. http://health.usnews.com/health-care/for-better/articles/2017-07-14/5-reasons-to-consider-group-therapy.
2. ↑ Shorter, Edward (January 1996). "The beginning of SURGERY psychopharmacology: Deep-sleep therapies". European Psychiatry 11: 236s. doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)88707-4.
3. ↑ Minkel, Jared D.; Krystal, Andrew D.; Benca, Ruth M. (2017). "Unipolar Major Depression". Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. pp. 1352–1362.e5. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-24288-2.00137-9. ISBN 978-0-323-24288-2.

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