Disturbance (geology)

Short description: Linear zone of disturbed rock strata

In geology, a disturbance is a linear zone of disturbed rock strata stretching for many miles across country which comprises a combination of folding and faulting. The British Geological Survey record a number of such features in South Wales including the Neath Disturbance, Pontyclerc Disturbance, Carreg Cennen Disturbance and the Cribarth Disturbance, the latter sometimes also known (at least in part) as the Tawe Valley or Swansea Valley Disturbance. The southwestward continuation of the Carreg Cennen Disturbance is known as the Llandyfaelog Disturbance.

Other examples in Wales and the border counties of England include the Clun Forest, Saron, Trimsaran and Llannon (or 'Llanon') disturbances.[1] The Silverdale[2] and Burtreeford disturbances[3] are found in northern England .

## List of disturbances

The following named features comprise both faulting and folding;

Sortable table of named disturbances  Disturbance name  | County  | Country  | BGS map sheet  | book reference/s

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Burtreeford Disturbance  |  | England  | E&W 19, 31  |
Caerbryn Disturbance  | Carmarthenshire  | Wales  | E&W 230  |
Carreg Cennen Disturbance  |  | Wales  | E&W 230  |
Clun Forest Disturbance  | Shropshire  | England  | E&W 165  | BGS memoir sheet 165[4]
Cribarth Disturbance  |  | Wales  | E&W 230, 231  |
Llandyfaelog Disturbance  | Carmarthenshire  | Wales  | E&W 231  |
Llannon (or Llanon) Disturbance  | Carmarthenshire  | Wales  | E&W 230  |
Neath Disturbance  |  | Wales  | E&W 231  |
Pontyclerc Disturbance  | Carmarthenshire  | Wales  | E&W 230  |
Saron Disturbance  | Carmarthenshire  | Wales  | E&W 230  |
Silverdale Disturbance  |  | England  | E&W 25  |
Stockdale Disturbance  |  | England  |  | GCR29, p205[5]
Trimsaran Disturbance  |  | Wales  |  |

## See also

* List of geological folds in Great Britain

## References

1. ↑ British Geological Survey 1:50,000 map sheets 214, 215, 231 'Merthyr Tydfil', 232 'Abergavenny', 247 'Swansea' & accompanying memoirs
2. ↑ Brenchley PJ & Rawson PF (eds) 2006 The Geology of England and Wales (2nd edn), The Geological Society, London (p135)
3. ↑ sheets 25 & 31 of 1:50K scale map geological map series of British Geological Survey
4. ↑ Cave, R; Hains, B A (2001). Geology of the Country around Montgomery and the Ordovician rocks of the Shelve area (1st ed.). London: BGS; NERC;The Stationery Office. p. 127. ISBN 0118845527.
5. ↑ Cossey et al, 2004, British Lower Carboniferous Stratigraphy, Geological Conservation Review Series, no 29, Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough

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Structural geology

Underlying theory|

* Strain
* Stress
* Stress field
* Mohr–Coulomb theory
* Mohr's circle
* Lamé's stress ellipsoid
* Strain partitioning
* Tension
* Overburden pressure
* Deformation mechanism
* Rock mechanics

Measurement conventions|

* Strike and dip
* Rake
* Inclinometer
* Brunton compass
* Stereographic projection
* Orthographic projection

Large-Scale Tectonics|

* Plate tectonics
* Orogeny
* Structural basin
* Rift
* Extensional tectonics
* Graben
* Half-graben
* Décollement
* Obduction
* List of tectonic plate interactions
* Nappe
* Continental collision
* Convergent boundary
* Fenster
* Klippe
* Fold and thrust belt
* Foreland basin
* Accretionary wedge
* Terrane
* Mountain formation
* Fold mountains
* Fault block
* Horst
* Rift valley
* Mélange
* Thick-skinned deformation
* Thin-skinned deformation
* Thrust tectonics
* Passive margin
* Extensional tectonics
* Divergent boundary
* Back-arc basin
* Intra-arc basin
* Strike-slip tectonics
* Syneclise
* Suture
* Saddle
* Inversion
* Horst and graben
* Horse
* Pull-apart basin
* Autochthon
* Allochthon

Fracturing|

* Joint
* Exfoliation joint
* Vein
* Dike
* Columnar jointing

Faulting|

* Thrust fault
* Detachment fault
* Disturbance
* Fault mechanics
* Fault trace
* Fault scarp
* Transform fault
* Transfer zone
* Cataclastic rock
* Cataclasite

Foliation and Lineation|

* Rock microstructure
* Crenulation
* Cleavage
* Slickenside
* Pressure solution
* Stylolite
* Compaction
* Fissility
* Oblique foliation
* Tectonic phase
* Tectonite

Folding|

* Vergence
* Anticline
* Syncline
* Dome
* Monocline
* Chevron
* Homocline
* Detachment fold

Boudinage|

* Competence

Kinematic Analysis|

* 3D fold evolution
* Section restoration
* Paleostress
* Paleostress inversion

Shear zone|

* Shear
* Pure shear
* Mylonite

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