Old Tagalog

Short description: Language spoken in 10th century AD

Old Tagalog

ᜆᜄᜎᜓ
Pronunciation| tl
Region| Philippines, particularly the present-day regions of Calabarzon and Mimaropa
Era| 10th century AD (developed into Classical Tagalog in c. 16th century; continued as modern Southern Tagalog dialects spoken in Aurora,[1] Calabarzon, and Mimaropa, most popular is the Batangas dialect.)

Language family

Austronesian

* Malayo-Polynesian
* Philippine
* Greater Central Philippine
* Central Philippine
* Old Tagalog

Writing system

| Baybayin
Luzon Kawi (before c. 1300)
Language codes
ISO 639-3| –
| This page contains special characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.

|

Old Tagalog (Tagalog: Lumang Tagalog; Baybayin: pre-virama: ᜎᜓᜋ ᜆᜄᜎᜓ, post-virama [krus kudlit]: ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜔ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔; post-virama [pamudpod]: ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜕ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜕), also known as Old Filipino, is the earliest form of the Tagalog language during the Classical period. It is the primary language of pre-colonial Tondo, Namayan and Maynila. The language originated from the Proto-Philippine language and evolved to Classical Tagalog, which was the basis for Modern Tagalog. Old Tagalog uses the Tagalog script or Baybayin, one of the scripts indigenous to the Philippines.

## Contents

* 1 Etymology
* 2 History
* 3 Writing system
* 4 Phonology
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Etymology

Main article: Social:Tagalog language

The word Tagalog is derived from the endonym ᜆᜄ ᜁᜎᜓᜄ᜔ or ᜆᜄ ᜁᜎᜓ (taga-ilog, "river dweller"), composed of ᜆᜄ (tagá-, "native of" or "from") and ᜁᜎᜓᜄ᜔ or ᜁᜎᜓ (ilog, "river"). Very little is known about the ancient history of the language; linguists such as David Zorc and Robert Blust speculate that the Tagalogs and other Central Philippine ethno-linguistic groups had originated in Northeastern Mindanao or the Eastern Visayas.[2][3]

## History

The Baybayin script, used to write in Tagalog prior to the arrival of the Spanish in 16th century.

Old Tagalog is one of the Central Philippine languages, which evolved from the Proto-Philippine language, which comes from the Austronesian peoples who settled in the Philippines around 2200 BC.[4]

The early history of the Tagalog language remains relatively obscure, and a number of theories exist as to the exact origins of the Tagalog peoples and their language. Scholars such as Robert Blust suggest that the Tagalogs originated in northeastern Mindanao or the eastern Visayas.[5] Possible words of Old Tagalog origin are attested in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription from the 10th century, which is largely written in Old Malay.[6] The first known complete book to be written in Tagalog is the Doctrina Christiana (Christian Doctrine), printed in 1593. The book also used Baybayin script.[7]

The question has been raised about the origin of some words in the various languages of the Philippines and their possible connection to ancient Buddhist and Hindu culture in the region, as the language is influenced by Sanskrit, Malay, Tamil and Chinese.[8][9]

## Writing system

Main article: Social:Baybayin

Old Tagalog was written in Baybayin, a writing system formerly used in the Philippines which belongs to the Brahmic family of scripts.

The italicized letters are foreign.

vowels  |  | ᜔

|

a  | ᜀ

e | ᜁ

o | ᜂ
b  | /b/  | ᜊ᜔

|

ba  | ᜊ

be | ᜊᜒ

bo | ᜊᜓ
k  | /k/  | ᜃ᜔

|

ka  | ᜃ

ke | ᜃᜒ

ko | ᜃᜓᜓ
d/r  | /d/ /r/  | ᜇ᜔

|

da/ra  | ᜇ
di/ri
de/re | ᜇᜒ
du/ru
do/ro | ᜇᜓ
g  | /g/  | ᜄ᜔

|

ga  | ᜄ

ge | ᜄᜒ

go | ᜄᜓ
h  | /h/  | ᜑ᜔

|

ha  | ᜑ

he | ᜑᜒ

ho | ᜑᜓ
l  | /l/  | ᜎ᜔

|

la  | ᜎ

le | ᜎᜒ

lo | ᜎᜓ
m  | /m/  | ᜋ᜔

|

ma  | ᜋ

me | ᜋᜒ

mo | ᜋᜓ
n  | /n/  | ᜈ᜔

|

na  | ᜈ

ne | ᜈᜒ

no | ᜈᜓ
ng  | /ŋ/  | ᜅ᜔

|

nga  | ᜅ
ngi
nge | ᜅᜒ
ngu
ngo | ᜅᜓ
p  | /p/  | ᜉ᜔

|

pa  | ᜉ

pe | ᜉᜒ

po | ᜉᜓ
s  | /s/  | ᜐ᜔

|

sa  | ᜐ

se | ᜐᜒ

so | ᜐᜓ
t  | /t/  | ᜆ᜔

|

ta  | ᜆ

te | ᜆᜒ

to | ᜆᜓ
w  | /w/  | ᜏ᜔

|

wa  | ᜏ

we | ᜏᜒ

wo | ᜏᜓ
y  | /j/  | ᜌ᜔

|

ya  | ᜌ

ye | ᜌᜒ

yo | ᜌᜓ

## Phonology

Old Tagalog Vowels  Height  | Front  | Central  | Back

|
|
|

Close | i /i/ |  | u /u/
Open |  | a /a/ |
Table of consonant phonemes of Old Tagalog[10] | Labial  | Dental/
Alveolar  | Dorsal  | Glottal

|
|
|
|

Nasal  | m | n | ŋ |
Stop  | p b | t d | k ɡ | ʔ
Fricative  |  | s |  | h
Approximant  | w  | l | j

## See also

* Proto-Philippine language
* Filipino language
* Dambana
* Baybayin
* Filipino alphabet
* Languages of the Philippines
* Suyat
* Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI)

## References

1. ↑ While Aurora is geographically northern Tagalog area which borders Bulacan & Nueva Ecija, Aurora Tagalog dialect is closely related to Tayabas Tagalog of Quezon mostly by accent & vocabulary.(Discovering Aurora in phinder.ph, Is it true that Aurora uses the Southern Tagalog dialect? in Reddit)[better source needed].
2. ↑ Zorc, David. 1977. The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Pacific Linguistics C.44. Canberra: The Australian National University
3. ↑ Blust, Robert. 1991. The Greater Central Philippines hypothesis. Oceanic Linguistics 30:73–129
4. ↑ Mijares, Armand Salvador B. (2006). "The Early Austronesian Migration To Luzon: Perspectives From The Peñablanca Cave Sites". Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association (26): 72–78. http://ejournal.anu.edu.au/index.php/bippa/article/viewFile/10/9.
5. ↑ Blust, Robert (1991). "The Greater Central Philippines Hypothesis". Oceanic Linguistics 30 (2): 73–129. doi:10.2307/3623084. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3623084.
6. ↑ Postma, Antoon. (1992). The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text and Commentary. Philippine Studies vol. 40, no. 2:183–203
7. ↑ Zorc, David. 1977. The Bisayan Dialects of the Philippines: Subgrouping and Reconstruction. Pacific Linguistics C.44. Canberra: The Australian National University
8. ↑ "Indian Origins of Filipino Customs". Vedic Empire. http://vedicempire.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=26.
9. ↑ "The Indian in the Filipino - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos". Globalnation.inquirer.net. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/opinion/view/20091011-229561/The-Indian-in-the-Filipino.
10. ↑ Zorc, David (1993). "The Prehistory and Origin of the Tagalog People". in Øyvind Dahl. Language - a doorway between human cultures : tributes to Dr. Otto Chr. Dahl on his ninetieth birthday. Oslo: Novus. pp. 201–211.

## External links

* A Handbook and Grammar of the Tagalog Language, by W.E.W. MacKinlay, 1905.
* Online E-book of Doctrina Christiana in Old Tagalog and Old Spanish, the first book published in the Philippines. Manila. 1593
* Online E-book of Arte de la Lengua Tagala y Manual Tagalog by Sebastián de Totanes published in Binondo, Manila in 1865

* v
* t
* e

Philippine languages

Batanic (Bashiic)|

* Itbayat
* Ivatan
* Yami

Northern
Luzon|

* Ilocano
* Arta
* Dicamay Agta †

Cagayan Valley|

* Ibanag
* Isnag
* Atta
* Itawis
* Yogad
* Cagayan Agta
* Gaddang
* Ga'dang

Meso-Cordilleran|

* Northern Alta
* Southern Alta

Central Cordilleran|

* Isinai
* Itneg
* Kalinga
* Ifugao
* Tuwali ?
* Balangao
* Bontok-Finallig
* Kankanaey

Southern Cordilleran|

* Pangasinan
* Ilongot
* Ibaloi
* Iwaak
* Kalanguya
* Karao

Central Luzon|

* Kapampangan
* Remontado Agta (Sinauna)

Sambalic|

* Abellen
* Ambala
* Bolinao
* Botolan
* Mag-antsi
* Mag-indi
* Mariveleño
* Sambal

Northern Mindoro|

* Alangan
* Iraya
* Tadyawan

Greater
Central
Philippine|

| Southern Mindoro|

* Buhid
* Hanuno'o
* Tawbuid

|

Central
Philippine|

| Tagalogic|

* Tagalog
* Kasiguranin

|

Bikol|

* Central Bikol
* Isarog Agta
* Mount Iraya Agta
* Albay Bikol
* Mount Iriga Agta
* Rinconada
* Pandan Bikol

Bisayan|

* Cebuano
* Boholano ?
* Hiligaynon
* Waray
* Tausug
* Karay-a
* Sulod
* Aklanon
* Capiznon
* Asi
* Baybay
* Kabalian
* Bantayanon
* Porohanon
* Romblomanon
* Caluyanon
* Onhan
* Cuyonon
* Ratagnon
* Surigaonon
* Butuanon
* Masbateño
* Northern Sorsogon
* Southern Sorsogon
* Karolanos
* Magahat

Mansakan|

* Davawenyo
* Kalagan
* Kamayo
* Mamanwa
* Mandaya
* Mansaka

(unclassified)|

* Ata †

Palawanic|

* Aborlan Tagbanwa
* Central Tagbanwa
* Palawan Batak
* Palawano
* Taaw't Bato

Subanen|

* Subanen

Danao|

* Maguindanao
* Maranao
* Iranun

Manobo|

* Agusan
* Ata Manobo
* Matigsalug
* Obo
* Ilianen
* Western Bukidnon
* Binukid
* Higaonon
* Kagayanen
* Kamigin
* Cotabato Manobo
* Sarangani
* Tagabawa

Gorontalo–Mongondow|

* Bolango
* Buol
* Bintauna
* Gorontalo
* Kaidipang
* Lolak
* Suwawa
* Mongondow
* Ponosakan

Kalamian|

* Agutaynen
* Calamian Tagbanwa

Bilic|

* B'laan
* T'boli
* Tiruray

Sangiric|

* Sangirese
* Talaud
* Bantik
* Ratahan

Minahasan|

* Tonsawang
* Tontemboan
* Tombulu
* Tondano
* Tonsea

Other branches|

* Klata
* Umiray Dumaget
* Ati

Manide-Inagta|

* Inagta Alabat
* Manide

* † indicates extinct status
* ? indicates classification dispute

* v
* t
* e

Languages of the Philippines

Official languages|

* Filipino
* English

Regional languages|

* Bikol
* Cebuano
* Hiligaynon
* Ibanag
* Ilocano
* Ivatan
* Kapampangan
* Maguindanao
* Maranao
* Pangasinan
* Sama
* Sambal
* Tagalog
* Tausug
* Waray
* Yakan

Indigenous languages
(by region)|

Luzon

| Ilocos|

* Bolinao

|

Cordillera|

* Atta
* Balangao
* Bontoc
* Ga'dang
* Kalanguya
* Kalinga
* Kankanaey
* Ibaloi
* Ifugao
* Isnag
* Itneg
* Itawis
* Iwaak
* Malaweg
* Tuwali

Cagayan Valley|

* Arta
* Atta
* Central Cagayan Agta
* Dinapigue Agta
* Dupaningan Agta
* Gaddang
* Ilongot
* Isinai
* Itbayat
* Itawis
* Kalanguya
* Karao
* Malaweg
* Nagtipunan Agta
* Paranan Agta
* Paranan
* Yogad

Central Luzon|

* Abellen
* Ambala
* Antsi
* Botolan
* Casiguran Dumagat Agta
* Indi
* Kasiguranin
* Mariveleño
* Northern Alta
* Southern Alta
* Umiray Dumaget

Metro Manila|

* Taglish

Calabarzon|

* Inagta Alabat
* Manide
* Remontado Agta
* Southern Alta
* Umiray Dumaget

Mimaropa|

* Agutaynen
* Alangan
* Asi
* Calamian Tagbanwa
* Central Tagbanwa
* Cuyonon
* Iraya
* Kagayanen
* Molbog
* Onhan
* Palawan Batak
* Palawano
* Ratagnon
* Romblomanon
* Tadyawan

Bicol|

* Albay Bikol
* Inagta Partido
* Manide
* Masbateño
* Mount Iraya Agta
* Pandan Bikol
* Rinconada Bikol
* Masbate Sorsogon
* Southern Sorsogon
* Southern Catanduanes Bikol

Visayas

| Western Visayas|

* Aklanon
* Ata
* Ati
* Caluyanon
* Capiznon
* Karay-a
* Sulod

|

Central Visayas|

* Bantayanon
* Eskayan
* Karolanos
* Magahat
* Porohanon

Eastern Visayas|

* Abaknon
* Baybay
* Kabalian

Mindanao

| Zamboanga Peninsula|

* Subanon

|

Northern Mindanao|

* Bukid
* Higaonon
* Ilianen
* Iranun
* Kamigin
* Matigsalug
* Subanon
* Western Bukidnon

Caraga|

* Agusan
* Ata Manobo
* Butuanon
* Higaonon
* Kamayo
* Mamanwa
* Surigaonon

Davao|

* Blaan
* Davaoeño
* Giangan
* Kalagan
* Mandaya
* Mansaka
* Obo
* Sangirese
* Sarangani
* Tagabawa

Soccsksargen|

* Blaan
* Cotabato Manobo
* Ilianen
* Iranun
* Obo
* Tboli
* Tiruray

Bangsamoro|

* Iranun
* Pangutaran Sama

Creole languages|

* Chavacano

Immigrant languages|

* Arabic
* Basque
* Chinese
* Hokkien
* Mandarin
* French
* German
* Japanese
* Korean
* Malay
* Indonesian
* Malaysian
* Sindhi
* Spanish
* Vietnamese

Sign languages|

* American Sign
* Philippine Sign

Historical languages|

* Proto-Philippine
* Old Tagalog

Template:Language histories

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old Tagalog. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Social:Old_Tagalog&oldid=4006369"
*[c.]: circa
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template