Magnesium aspartate

Short description: Chemical compound

Magnesium aspartate

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com| Consumer Drug Information
ATC code|

* A12CC05 (WHO)

Identifiers

IUPAC name

* magnesium (2S)-2-amino-4-hydroxy-4-oxobutanoate

CAS Number|

* 2068-80-6 N

PubChem CID|

* 16211203

DrugBank|

* DB13359 Y

UNII|

* 082H981FMA

Chemical and physical data
Formula| C8H12MgN2O8
Molar mass| 288.495 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)|

* Interactive image

SMILES

* C([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N)C(=O)O.C([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])N)C(=O)O.[Mg+2]

InChI

* InChI=InChI=1S/2C4H7NO4.Mg/c2*5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7;/h2*2H,1,5H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9);/q;;+2/p-2/t2*2-;/m00./s1

* Key:RXMQCXCANMAVIO-CEOVSRFSSA-L

NY (what is this?) (verify)

Magnesium aspartate is a magnesium salt of L-aspartic acid, an amino acid, with the chemical formula Mg(C

6NO

2(H
2O)
2. It is used as a mineral supplement, and as an ingredient in manufacturing of cosmetics and household products.[1][2]

As magnesium is an essential micronutrient,[3] the use of magnesium aspartate as a supplement is intended to increase magnesium levels in the body.[4][5] It is primarily used as a dietary supplement to address magnesium deficiency and is an ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products as a buffering agent.[6] Magnesium aspartate is investigated for its potential in managing conditions such as chronic fatigue, cardiac surgery electrolyte balance, and other magnesium deficiency-related disorders, though it is not approved as a standalone medical treatment in major jurisdictions like the United States or European Union.[7][8]

## Contents

* 1 Bioavailability
* 2 Chemical structure and properties
* 3 Supplemental use
* 4 Dosage
* 5 Safety
* 6 See also
* 7 References
* 8 External links

## Bioavailability

Absorption of magnesium from different preparations of magnesium supplements varies, with some studies indicating that magnesium in the aspartate (and several other) forms has more complete absorption than magnesium oxide and magnesium citrate forms.[4]

In its evaluation in 2005, a scientific panel of the European Food Safety Authority concluded that the bioavailability of magnesium L-aspartate was similar to that from other organic magnesium salts and the more soluble inorganic magnesium salts.[9] Overall, it was concluded that organic salts of magnesium have the greatest water solubility and demonstrate a greater oral absorption and bioavailability compared to less soluble magnesium preparations such as magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and magnesium sulfate.[10]

## Chemical structure and properties

Magnesium aspartate is a compound formed by the combination of the divalent magnesium cation (Mg2+) and the aspartate. The chemical formula for this compound is quoted as "Mg(C

6NO

2",[2][11] but detailed chemical analysis reveals a more complicated formula that also includes water bonded to the magnesium.[12]

## Supplemental use

Magnesium deficiency is unlikely to occur from low dietary intake because magnesium is abundant in the food supply and the kidneys restrict its excretion via the urine.[3] Long-term deficiency of magnesium may result from chronic alcoholism or some prescription drugs.[3] Signs of deficiency that may require magnesium supplementation include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weakness.[3]

## Dosage

Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations for supplemental magnesium[3] Age  | Male  | Female  | Pregnancy  | Lactation

|
|
|
|

Birth to 6 months  | 30 mg*  | 30 mg*  |  |
7–12 months  | 75 mg*  | 75 mg*  |  |
1–3 years  | 80 mg  | 80 mg  |  |
4–8 years  | 130 mg  | 130 mg  |  |
9–13 years  | 240 mg  | 240 mg  |  |
14–18 years  | 410 mg  | 360 mg  | 400 mg  | 360 mg
19–30 years  | 400 mg  | 310 mg  | 350 mg  | 310 mg
31–50 years  | 420 mg  | 320 mg  | 360 mg  | 320 mg
51+ years  | 420 mg  | 320 mg  |  |

* Adequate Intake (AI)

Magnesium supplements and other magnesium containing products, such as antacids, can bind with prescription medicines, reducing their effectiveness.[3]

## Safety

Adverse effects from magnesium occurring naturally in food have not been described.[4] However, excessive magnesium supplementation causes diarrhea — a side effect used by prescription as a laxative.[3][4] Individuals with kidney disease have higher risk for adverse effects with magnesium supplementation.[3][4] Excessive magnesium supplementation may cause a fall in blood pressure.[3][4]

## See also

* Potassium aspartate
* Magnesium asparaginate

## References

1. ↑ "Magnesium asparaginate". PubChem. 2016-11-20. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/56842661.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Magnesium L-aspartate". PubChem. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 15 June 2024. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Magnesium-aspartate.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 "Magnesium: Fact sheet for health professionals". Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health. 2 June 2022. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "Magnesium". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 2024. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/magnesium.
5. ↑ "Magnesium aspartate". Drugs.com. 18 December 2023. https://www.drugs.com/cdi/magnesium-aspartate.html.
6. ↑ "Potassium Aspartate". Cosmetics Info. 2023-09-01. https://www.cosmeticsinfo.org/ingredients/potassium-aspartate/.
7. ↑ "Magnesium aspartate". DrugBank Online. 2020-09-09. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB11148.
8. ↑ "Dietary vs. pharmacological doses of zinc: A clinical review" (in English). Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) 39 (5): 1345–1353. 2020-05-01. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.06.024. ISSN 0261-5614. PMID 31303527. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261561419302808.
9. ↑ "Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Foods on a request from the Commission related to Magnesium Aspartate as a mineral substance used as a source of magnesium in dietary foods for special medical purposes". The EFSA Journal 167: 1–6. 2005.
10. ↑ "Magnesium aspartate, potassium aspartate, magnesium potassium aspartate, calcium aspartate, zinc aspartate, and copper aspartate as sources for magnesium, potassium, calcium, zinc, and copper added for nutritional purposes to food supplements". The EFSA Journal 883: 1–23. 2008. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/scientific_output/files/main_documents/ans_ej883_Magnesium_Aspartate_op_en,3.pdf?ssbinary=true. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
11. ↑ "Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after administration of magnesium salts to humans". American Journal of Therapeutics 8 (5): 345–357. September 2001. doi:10.1097/00045391-200109000-00008. PMID 11550076.
12. ↑ "Elucidation of the Structure of Pharmacologically Active Magnesium L-Aspartate Complexes". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 25 (11): 1013–1014. 1986. doi:10.1002/anie.198610131.

## External links

* Magnesium in the diet \- MedlinePlus, US National Library of Medicine, January 2023

* v
* t
* e

Mineral supplements (A12)

Major|

| Calcium|

* β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate
* carbonate
* chloride
* +cholecalciferol
* citrate
* glubionate
* glucoheptonate
* gluconate#
* glycerylphosphate
* hydroxyapatite
* lactate gluconate
* lactate
* pangamate
* phosphate

|

Magnesium|

* aspartate
* chloride
* citrate
* gluconate
* glycinate
* lactate
* levulinate
* malate
* orotate
* oxide
* pidolate
* sulfate
* taurate

Phosphorus|

* adenosine triphosphate disodium
* hydroxyapatite
* monosodium phosphate

Potassium|

* bicarbonate
* bitartrate
* chloride
* citrate
* gluconate

Sodium|

* chloride
* sulfate

Sulfur|

* L-cysteine
* L-cystine
* L-glutathione
* L-methionine
* methylsulfonylmethane
* N-acetyl-L-cysteine
* R-α-lipoic acid
* S-adenosyl methionine
* taurine

Trace|

| Copper|

* gluconate

|

Iodine|

* potassium iodide

Iron|

* (II) fumarate
* (II) sulfate

Selenium|

* selenate
* selenite

Zinc|

* acetate
* L-aspartate
* L-carnosine
* gluconate
* oxide
* proteinate
* sulfate

Ultratrace|

| Chromium|

* (III) picolinate
* (III) chloride

|

Fluorine|

* fluoride#
* monofluorophosphate

Lithium|

* aspartate
* carbonate
* orotate

Vanadium|

* (IV) sulfate

* #WHO-EM
* ‡Withdrawn from market
* Clinical trials:
* †Phase III
* §Never to phase III

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