List_of_monarchs_of_Korea

History of Korea



Jeulmun Period

Mumun Period

Gojoseon, Jin

Proto-Three Kingdoms:

 Buyeo, Okjeo, Dongye

 Samhan

  Ma, Byeon, Jin

Three Kingdoms:

 Goguryeo

  Sui wars

 Baekje

 Silla, Gaya

North-South States:

 Unified Silla

 Balhae

 Later Three Kingdoms

Goryeo

 Khitan wars

 Mongol invasions

Joseon

 Japanese invasions

 Manchu invasions

Korean Empire

Japanese occupation

 Provisional Gov't

Division of Korea

 Korean War

 North Korea

 South Korea

List of monarchs



The List of Monarchs of Korea provides a insightful look at the development of Korea since its legendary founding in 2333 B.C.E. until the end of the last royal dynasty in 1910 C.E. If, indeed, the history of Korea has been continual from those legendary beginnings, Korea has experienced one of the longest continual dynastic developments in history. We have clear evidence that Koreans are the most homogeneous people on the earth, so we can well expect that their history has been unbroken. Rather than a linear development of one dynasty succeeding another, Korean history from 2333 B.C.E. until the beginning of the Goryeo dynasty in the 930s, over 3000 years, had been kingdoms coexisting yet clashing for dominance. From the 930s to 1910, nearly 1000 years, Korea experienced a single dynasty ruling the entire Korean Peninsula.

Contents

1 Gojoseon

1.1 Dangun-Joseon
1.2 Gija-Joseon (Disputed)
1.3 Wiman-Joseon


2 The Buyeo states

2.1 Bukbuyeo
2.2 Dongbuyeo
2.3 "Later" Buyeo rulers

2.3.1 Second century
2.3.2 Third century
2.3.3 Fourth century




3 Samhan Confederacies

3.1 Jin (Mahan) Confederation


4 Three Kingdoms

4.1 Goguryeo

4.1.1 Bodeok (Goguryeo-Guk)


4.2 Baekje
4.3 Silla
4.4 Gaya confederacy

4.4.1 Geumgwan Gaya
4.4.2 Daegaya




5 North-South States

5.1 Unified (Later) Silla
5.2 Balhae

5.2.1 Later Balhae
5.2.2 Jeong-An Kingdom
5.2.3 Heung-Yo Kingdom
5.2.4 Dae Won Kingdom (Kingdom of Great Balhae)


5.3 Je


6 Later Three Kingdoms

6.1 Later Goguryeo (Majin, Taebong)
6.2 Later Baekje


7 Goryeo
8 Joseon
9 Korean Empire
10 See also
11 Notes
12 References
13 External Links
14 Credits



The following list of monarchs has been categorized by historical era beginning with the most ancient and concluding with the most recent. Monarchs' names are listed either romanized posthumous (according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean) or temple names along with the dates of their reign. Articles about the individual monarchs include the McCune-Reischauer romanizations.

 King Wang Geon, first king of Gorye Dynasty, Korea 王建像
Gojoseon
The legendary Dangun founded the first kingdom, Gojoseon (c.2333 B.C.E. - 108 B.C.E.) in 2333 B.C.E., although historians debate the founding years. Gojoseon may have numbered among the small peninsular states which emerged "by the fourth century B.C.E."[1] Lee mentions Gojoseon emerged in the Liao and Taedong valleys by the fourth century.[2] Some, like Kim regard "Dangun Joseon" as having possibly existed during the Neolithic period,[3] i.e. before the thirteenth century B.C.E.; by the same token they reject the possibility that Gojoseon existed as a "state" or even "tribal confederation" in the modern sense. Professor Yoon writes that the Gojoseon had become an ancient nation at 2333 B.C.E. which is the most recent research.[4] Bronze age archaeological evidence of Gojoseon culture has been found in northern Korea and southern Manchuria. By the fourth century B.C.E., historical and archaeological evidence supports that Gojoseon flourished as a kingdom.
Gyuwon Sahwa (1675) describes The Annals of the Danguns as a collection of nationalistic legends. Scholars widely question the authenticity of the Hwandan Gogi that lists different years of reign.
See also List of legendary monarchs of Korea.

Dangun-Joseon
The legendary monarchs listed in Gyuwon Sahwa:

Dangun Wanggeom 왕검 (B.C. 2333-B.C. 2240)
Buru 부루 (B.C. 2240-B.C. 2206)
Gareuk 가륵 (B.C. 2206-B.C. 2155)
Osa 오사 (B.C. 2155-B.C. 2106)
Gueul 구을 (B.C. 2106-B.C. 2071)
Dalmun 달문 (B.C. 2071-B.C. 2039)
Hanyul 한율 (B.C. 2039-B.C. 2014)
Seohan 서한 (B.C. 2014-B.C. 1957)
Asul 아술 (B.C. 1957-B.C. 1929)
Noeul 노을 (B.C. 1929-B.C. 1906)
Dohae 도해 (B.C. 1906-B.C. 1870)
Ahan 아한 (B.C. 1870-B.C. 1843)
Heuldal 흘달 (B.C. 1843-B.C. 1800)
Gobul 고불 (B.C. 1800-B.C. 1771)
Beoreum 벌음 (B.C. 1771-B.C. 1738)
Wina 위나 (B.C. 1738-B.C. 1720)
Yeoeul 여을 (B.C. 1720-B.C. 1657)
Dongeom 동엄 (B.C. 1657-B.C. 1637)
Gumoso 구모소 (B.C. 1637-B.C. 1612)
Gohol 고홀 (B.C. 1612-B.C. 1601)
Sotae 소태 (B.C. 1601-B.C. 1568)
Saekbullu 색불루 (B.C. 1568-B.C. 1551)
Amul 아물 (B.C. 1551-B.C. 1532)
Yeonna 연나 (B.C. 1532-B.C. 1519)
Solla 솔나 (B.C. 1519-B.C. 1503)
Churo 추로 (B.C. 1503-B.C. 1494)
Dumil 두밀 (B.C. 1494-B.C. 1449)
Haemo 해모 (B.C. 1449-B.C. 1427)
Mahyu 마휴 (B.C. 1427-B.C. 1418)
Nahyu 내휴 (B.C. 1418-B.C. 1365)
Deungol 등올 (B.C. 1365-B.C. 1359)
Chumil 추밀 (B.C. 1359-B.C. 1351)
Gammul 감물 (B.C. 1351-B.C. 1342)
Orumun 오루문 (B.C. 1342-B.C. 1322)
Sabeol 사벌 (B.C. 1322-B.C. 1311)
Maereuk 매륵 (B.C. 1311-B.C. 1293)
Mamul 마물 (B.C. 1293-B.C. 1285)
Damul 다물 (B.C. 1285-B.C. 1266)
Duhol 두홀 (B.C. 1266-B.C. 1238)
Dareum 달음 (B.C. 1238-B.C. 1224)
Eumcha 음차 (B.C. 1224-B.C. 1205)
Euruji 을우지 B.C. 1205-B.C. 1196)
Mulli 물리 (B.C. 1196-B.C. 1181)
Guhol 구홀 (B.C. 1181-B.C. 1174)
Yeoru 여루 (B.C. 1174-B.C. 1169)
Boeul 보을 (B.C. 1169-B.C. 1158)
Goyeolga 고열가 (B.C. 1158-B.C. 1128)
Gija-Joseon (Disputed)
 Tomb of king Wang Kon, first king of Gorye Dynasty, Korea 王建王陵Many scholars believe that Gija-Joseon succeeded Dangun Joseon, but some scholars debate the claim.[5]
King Munseong of Gojoseon, Gija 문성대왕 (r. 1126 B.C.E. - 1082 B.C.E.);자수유/자서여(子須臾/子胥餘)
King Janghye of Gojoseon 장혜왕 (r. 1082 B.C.E. - 1057 B.C.E.);자송 (子松)
King Gyeonghyo of Gojoseon 경효왕 (r. 1057 B.C.E. - 1030 B.C.E.);자순 (子詢)
King Gongjeong of Gojoseon 공정왕 (r. 1030 B.C.E. - 1000 B.C.E.);자백 (子佰)
King Munmu of Gojoseon 문무왕 (r. 1000 B.C.E. - 972 B.C.E.);자춘 (子椿)
King Taewon of Gojoseon 태원왕 (r. 972 B.C.E. - 968 B.C.E.);자예 (子禮)
King Gyeongchang of Gojoseon 경창왕 (r. 968 B.C.E. - 957 B.C.E.);자장 (子莊)
King Heungpyeong of Gojoseon 흥평왕 (r. 957 B.C.E. - 943 B.C.E.);자착 (子捉)
King Cheorwi of Gojoseon 철위왕 (r. 943 B.C.E. - 925 B.C.E.);자주 (子調)
King Seonhye of Gojoseon 선혜왕 (r. 925 B.C.E. - 896 B.C.E.);자색 (子索)
King Uiyang of Gojoseon 의양왕 (r. 896 B.C.E. - 843 B.C.E.);자사 (子師)
King Munhye of Gojoseon 문혜왕 (r. 843 B.C.E. - 793 B.C.E.);자염 (子炎)
King Seongdeok of Gojoseon 성덕왕 (r. 793 B.C.E. - 778 B.C.E.);자월 (子越)
King Dohoe of Gojoseon 도회왕 (r. 778 B.C.E. - 776 B.C.E.);자직 (子職)
King Munyeol of Gojoseon 문열왕 (r. 776 B.C.E. - 761 B.C.E.);자우 (子優)
King Changguk of Gojoseon 창국왕 (r. 761 B.C.E. - 748 B.C.E.);자목 (子睦)
King Museong of Gojoseon 무성왕 (r. 748 B.C.E. - 722 B.C.E.);자평 (子平)
King Jeonggyeong of Gojoseon 정경왕 (r. 722 B.C.E. - 703 B.C.E.);자궐 (子闕)
King Nakseong of Gojoseon 낙성왕 (r. 703 B.C.E. - 675 B.C.E.);자회 (子懷)
King Hyojong of Gojoseon 효종왕 (r. 675 B.C.E. - 658 B.C.E.);자존 (子存)
King Cheonno of Gojoseon 천노왕 (r. 658 B.C.E. - 634 B.C.E.);자효 (子孝)
King Sudo of Gojoseon 수도왕 (r. 634 B.C.E. - 615 B.C.E.);자립 (子立)
King Hwiyang of Gojoseon 휘양왕 (r. 615 B.C.E. - 594 B.C.E.);자통 (子通)
King Bongil of Gojoseon 봉일왕 (r. 594 B.C.E. - 578 B.C.E.);자참 (子參)
King Deokchang of Gojoseon 덕창왕 (r. 578 B.C.E. - 560 B.C.E.);자근 (子僅)
King Suseong of Gojoseon 수성왕 (r. 560 B.C.E. - 519 B.C.E.);자상 (子翔)
King Yeonggeol of Gojoseon 영걸왕 (r. 519 B.C.E. - 503 B.C.E.);자려 (子藜)
King Ilmin of Gojoseon 일민왕 (r. 503 B.C.E. - 486 B.C.E.);자강 (子岡)
King Jese of Gojoseon 제세왕 (r. 486 B.C.E. - 465 B.C.E.);자혼 (子混)
King Cheongguk of Gojoseon 청국왕 (r. 465 B.C.E. - 432 B.C.E.);자 벽정(子璧貞)
King Doguk of Gojoseon 도국왕 (r. 432 B.C.E. - 413 B.C.E.);자징 (子澄)
King Hyeokseong of Gojoseon 혁성왕 (r. 413 B.C.E. - 385 B.C.E.);자수 (子수)
King Hwara of Gojoseon 화라왕 (r. 413 B.C.E. - 385 B.C.E.);자위 (子謂)
King Seolmun of Gojoseon 설문왕 (r. 369 B.C.E. - 361 B.C.E.);자가 (子賀)
King Gyeongsun of Gojoseon 경순왕 (r. 361 B.C.E. - 342 B.C.E.);자화 (子華)
King Gadeok of Gojoseon 가덕왕 (r. 342 B.C.E. - 315 B.C.E.) 기후(箕詡)
King Samno of Gojoseon 삼노왕 (r. 315 B.C.E. - 290 B.C.E.) 기욱(箕煜)
King Hyeonmun of Gojoseon 현문왕 (r. 315 B.C.E. - 290 B.C.E.) 기석(箕釋)
King Jangpyeong of Gojoseon 장평왕 (r. 251 B.C.E. - 232 B.C.E.) 기윤(箕潤)
King Jongtong of Gojoseon 종통왕 (r. 232 B.C.E. - 220 B.C.E.) 기비(箕丕)
King Ae of Gojoseon 애왕 (r. 220 B.C.E. - 195 B.C.E.) 기준(箕準)
Wiman-Joseon
The successor-state of GojoseonWiman Joseon (194 - 108 B.C.E.) began with Wiman's seizure of the throne from Gija Joseon's King Jun and ended with the death of King Ugeo, a grandson of Wiman.
Earliest attested monarchs by contemporaneous records:

Wiman of Gojoseon (Hangul: 위만 Hanja: 衛滿) (194 B.C.E. - 161 B.C.E.)
Unknown (161 B.C.E. - 129 B.C.E.), son of Wiman.
Ugeo of Gojoseon (Hangul: 우거왕 Hanja: 右渠王) (129B.C.E. - 108 B.C.E.), grandson of Wiman.
The Buyeo states
Bukbuyeo
Bukbuyeo (c.239 B.C.E. - 58 B.C.E.) ruled in modern-day Manchuria. The rulers continued to use the titles of Dangun.[6] Some records refer to Bukbuyeo (North Buyeo) and Dongbuyeo (East Buyeo). In 37 B.C.E., Go Jumong, a great-grandson of Haemosu Dangun's second son, entered Jolbon Buyeo, Bukbuyeo under a changed state name. Jolbon's ruler, Go Museo, died with no sons and had declared Jumong successor. Thus, Jumong rose to the throne of Bukbuyeo and changed the state's name to Goguryeo.

Haemosu of Buyeo 해모수 (239 - 195 B.C.E.)
Mosuri of Buyeo 모수리 (195 - 170 B.C.E.)
Go Haesa of Buyeo 고해사 (170 - 121 B.C.E.)
Go Uru of Buyeo 고우루 (121 - 86 B.C.E.)
Go Dumak of Bukbuyeo 고두막 (108 - 60 B.C.E.)
Go Museo of Bukbuyeo 고무서 (60 - 58 B.C.E.)
Go Jumong of Bukbuyeo 고주몽 (37 B.C.E. - 19 B.C.E. (Goguryeo))
Dongbuyeo
(c.86 B.C.E.–22 C.E.)

 Sejong the Great of Korea
The rulers of Dongbuyeo submitted to Bukbuyeo in 86 B.C.E., and thus used the title Wang ("King"). King Haeburu, the brother of Go Uru Dangun, originally succeeded his brother to the Bukbuyeo throne. The forces of the Han dynasty and the rising of Go Dumak chased King Haeburu, a descendant of Goyeolga Dangun, the last ruler of Gojoseon, to the east.

King Hae Buru 해부루왕 解夫婁王 (86 - 48 B.C.E.)
King Geumwa 금와왕 金蛙王 (48 - 7 B.C.E.)
King Daeso 대소왕 帶素王 (7 B.C.E. - 22 C.E.)
"Later" Buyeo rulers
갈사왕(曷思王) (22- ca.68?)
도두(都頭) later called 우태(于台) (ca.68)
Second century
Wigutae/Weichoutai (왕위구태/尉仇台) (?120-?174)
王 夫 台 (왕부태) (ca.167)
울구태(蔚仇台)
Third century
王簡位居(왕간위거) (?174- ?200)
마여(麻余)(?190～234)
Uiryo Wang / Yilü (Hangul: 의려 Hanja: 依慮) (234～286)
Fourth century
Uira Wang / Yiluo (Hangul: 의라 Hanja: 依羅)
Hyon Wang / Xuan (Hangul:현 Hanja: 玄) (?-346/347)
孱王/蔚王 (잔왕)
Samhan Confederacies
Jin (Mahan) Confederation
 Tomb of king Wang Geon, first king of Gorye Dynasty, Korea 王建王陵
Scholars dispute the Jin (Mahan) Confederation genealogy.

기준 (箕準) or King Mugang 무강왕 武康王 (B.C.220-B.C.194)
King Gang* 강왕 康王 (B.C.193-B.C.189)
기감 (箕龕) or King An 안왕 安王 (B.C.189-B.C.157)
기식 (箕寔) or King Hye 혜왕 惠王 (B.C.157-B.C.144)
기무 (箕武) or King Myung 명왕 明王 (B.C.144-B.C.113)
기형 (箕亨) or King Hyo 효왕 孝王 (B.C.113-B.C.73)
기섭 (箕燮) or King Yang 양왕 襄王 (B.C.73-B.C.58)
기훈 (箕勳) or King Won 원왕 元王 (B.C.58-B.C.32)
기정 (箕貞) or King Gye 계왕 稽王 (B.C.32-B.C.17)
기학 (箕學)
Three Kingdoms
Goguryeo
Goguryeo (37 B.C.E. - 668 C.E.) existed as one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Goguryeo rulers used the title of Taewang (太王, "Greatest King"). [1] The founder of Goguryeo, considered the 7th Dangun of Bukbuyeo, succeeded the 6th Dangun Gomuseo to the throne of Jolbon Buyeo or Bukbuyeo under a different name.



#
Posthumous name[2]
Hangul (Hanja)
Personal names [3][4]
Period of reign


Legendary line [5]


1
Dongmyeong
동명성왕 (東明聖王), 동명왕 (東明王)

Jumong 주몽 (朱蒙), Chumo 추모 (鄒牟), Sanghae 상해 (象解)
37 B.C.E.-19 B.C.E.


2
Yuri
유리왕 (琉璃王), 유리명왕 (琉璃明王)

Yuri 유리 (琉璃, 類利), Yuryu 유류 (孺留), Nuri 누리 (累利)
19 B.C.E.-18 C.E.


3
Daemusin
대무신왕 (大武神王), 대해주류왕 (大解朱留王)

Muhyul 무휼 (無恤)
18-44


4
Minjung
민중왕 (閔中王)

Saekju 색주 (色朱)
44-48


5
Mobon
모본왕 (慕本王)

U 우 (憂), Aeru 애루 (愛婁), Mangnae 막래 (莫來)
48-53


Great Imperial line


6
Taejo
태조[대]왕 (太祖[大]王), 국조왕 (國祖王)

Gung 궁 (宮), Eosu 어수 (於漱)
53-146


7
Chadae
차대왕 (次大王)

Suseong 수성 (遂成)
146-165


8
Sindae
신대왕 (新大王)

Baekgo 백고 (伯固), Baekgu 백구 (伯句)
165-179


Hwando-Guknae line


9
Gogukcheon
고국천왕 (故國川王), 국양왕 (國襄王)

Nammu 남무 (男武)
179-197


10
Sansang
산상왕 山上王

Jeong-u 정우 廷優, Wigung 위궁 位宮
197-227


11
Dongcheon
동천왕 東川王, 東襄王

Uwigeo 우위거 憂位居, Gyoche 교체 郊彘
227-248


12
Jungcheon
중천왕 中川大王, 中襄王

Yeonbul 연불 然弗
248-270


13
Seocheon
서천왕 西川王, 西襄王

Yangno 약로 藥盧, Yagu 약우 若友
270-292


14
Bongsang
봉상왕 烽上王, 鴙葛王

Sangbu 상부 相夫, Sapsiru 삽시루 插矢婁
292-300


15
Micheon
미천왕 美川王, 好攘王

Eulbul 을불 乙弗, Ubul 우불 憂拂
300-331


16
Gogugwon
고국원왕 故國原王

Sayu 사유 斯由, Yu 유 劉, Soe 쇠 釗
331-371


17
Sosurim
소수림왕 小獸林王

Gubu 구부 丘夫
371-384


18
Gogugyang
고국양왕 故國攘王

Yiryeon 이련 伊連, Eojiji 어지지 於只支
384-391


19
Gwanggaeto the Great
국강상광개토경평안호태왕 國彊上廣開土境平安好太王

Damdeok 담덕 談德, An 안 安
391-413


Pyongyang line


20
Jangsu
장수왕 長壽王

Georyeon 거련 巨連, Goryeon 고련 高璉
413-490


21
Munjamyeong
문자명왕 文咨明王

Na-un 나운 羅雲, Go-un 고운 高雲
491-519


22
Anjang
안장왕 安藏王

Heung-an 흥안 興安, Go-an 고안 高安
519-531


23
Anwon
안원왕 安原王

Bojeong 보정 寶廷, Gojeong 고정 高廷
531-545


24
Yangwon
양원왕 陽原王, 陽崗上好王

Pyeongseong 평성 平成
545-559


25
Pyeongwon
평원왕 平原王

Yangseong 양성 陽成, Tang 탕 湯, Goyang 고양 高陽
559-590


26
Yeongyang
영양왕 嬰陽王, 평양왕 平陽王

Go Won 고원 高元, Daewon 대원 大元
590-618


27
Yeongnyu
영류왕 營留王

Go Geonmu 고건무 高建武, Seong 성 成, Gomu 고무 高武
618-642


28
Bojang
보장왕 寶藏王

Go Jang 고장 高藏, Bojang 보장 寶藏
642-668

Notes:
[1] Some of Goguryeo's records of individual kings, especially of the 19th (Gwanggaeto), use the title "Taewang" or "Hotaewang," roughly meaning Greatest King or Very Greatest King. Some argue that the for the translation "Emperior," equivalent of the Chinese title 皇帝, but few accept that. The most complete and oldest existing Korean history text, the Samguk Sagi and the Samguk Yusa, written centuries after Goguryeo was defeated, uses the title "Wang," meaning King.
[2] The kings' names generally derive from the location of the king's burial, often differing with the Chinese concept of 諡號.
[3] Goguryeo kings had the surname Go, except for the second (Yuri) through fifth (Mobon), who have Hae as surname. According to records, all of the kings belong to the same patrilineal bloodline. Debate continues among scholars about whether the two surnames represent different transcriptions of the same name, or provide evidence of a power struggle.
[4] The Samguk Sagi and Samguk Yusa, mention "other names," "birth names," "childhood names," or "personal names."
[5] The Samguk Sagi provide the Legendary line names and dates. The Wei shu (History of the Wei dynasty) gives the following names: 朱蒙 Jumong (Zhūméng}, 閭達 Lǘdá, 始閭諧 Shǐlǘxié, 如栗 Rúlí, and 莫來 Mòlái. The legendary line had already been formed with some variants in the early fifth century when Emperor Jangsu built a monument for his father and Goguryeo made contacts with the Northern Wei. The inscription of that monument gives these names: 鄒牟 Chumo, 儒留 Yuryu, and 大朱留 Daejuryu. The connection between those names remains unclear.

Bodeok (Goguryeo-Guk)
Anseung (670-683) 고안승 (高安勝)
Baekje
Baekje (18 B.C.E. - AD 660) belonged to the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Temple names equal personal names, unless noted otherwise.[7]



#
Temple name
Hangul
Hanja
Period of reign
Personal name
Relationship
Note


1
Onjo
온조왕
溫祚王
October 18 B.C.E. - February 29 C.E.
Onjo (溫祚)
founder
son of Goguryeo's founder Jumong


2
Daru
다루왕
多婁王
February 29 - September 77 C.E.

first son of Onjo


3
Giru
기루왕
己婁王
September 77 - November 128 C.E.

first son of Daru


4
Gaeru
개루왕
蓋婁王
November 128 - ? 166 C.E.

son of Giru


5
Chogo
초고왕
肖古王
? 166 - October 214 C.E.

son of Gaeru
also Sogo (소고왕, 素古王)


6
Gusu
구수왕
仇首王
October 214 - ? 234 C.E.

first son of Chogo
also Guisu (귀수왕, 貴須王)


7
Saban
사반왕
沙伴王
234 C.E.

first son of Gusu
also Sai (사이왕, 沙伊王)


8
Goi
고이왕
古爾王
? 234 - November 286 C.E.

second son of Gaeru
also Gui (구이군, 久爾君)


9
Chaekgye
책계왕
責稽王
November 286 - September 298 C.E.

son of Goi
also Cheonggye (청계왕, 靑稽王)


10
Bunseo
분서왕
汾西王
September 298 - October 304 C.E.

first son of Chaekgye


11
Biryu
비류왕
比流王
November 304 - October 344 C.E.

second son of Gusu


12
Gye
계왕
契王
October 344 - September 346 C.E.

first son of Bunseo


13
Geunchogo
근초고왕
近肖古王
September 346 - November 375 C.E.

second son of Biryu
also Chogo (초고왕, 肖古王) or Sokgo (속고왕, 速古王)


14
Geun-gusu
근구수왕
近仇首王
November 375 - April 384 C.E.

son of Geunchogo
also Guisu (귀수왕, 貴首王)


15
Chimnyu
침류왕
枕流王
April 384 - November 385 C.E.

first son of Geungusu


16
Jinsa
진사왕
辰斯王
November 385 - November 392 C.E.

younger brother of Chimnyu
also Buyeohui (부여휘, 扶餘暉)


17
Asin
아신왕
阿莘王
November 392 - September 405 C.E.

cousin of Jinsa; first son of Chimnyu
also Aha (아화왕, 阿花王)


18
Jeonji
전지왕
腆支王
September 405 - March 420 C.E.

first son of Asin
also Jikji (직지왕, 直支王) or Jinji (진지왕, 眞支王)


19
Gu-isin
구이신왕
久爾辛王
March 420 - December 427 C.E.

first son of Jeonji


20
Biyu
비유왕
毗有王
December 427 - September 454 C.E.

first son of Guisin
also Yeobi (여비, 餘毗)


21
Gaero
개로왕
蓋鹵王
September 454 - September 475 C.E.
Gyeongsa (경사, 慶司) or Gyeong (경, 慶)
first son of Biyu
also Yeogyeong (여경, 餘慶)


22
Munju
문주왕
文周王
September 475 - September 477 C.E.
Modo (모도, 牟都) or Do (도, 都)
son of Gaero


23
Samgeun
삼근왕
三斤王
September 477 - November 479 C.E.
Samgeun (삼근, 三斤), Imgeol (임걸, 壬乞) or Samgeol (삼걸, 三乞)
first son of Munju
also Mun-geun (문근왕, 文斤王)


24
Dongseong
동성왕
東城王
November 479 - November 501 C.E.
Modae (모대, 牟大) or Mamo (마모, 摩牟)
cousin of Samgeum


25
Muryeong
무령왕
武寧王
November 501 - May 523 C.E.
Sama (사마, 斯麻 or 斯摩) or Yung (융, 隆)
second son of Dongseong
also Sama (사마왕, 斯麻王), Do (도왕, 嶋王), or Horyeong (호령왕, 虎寧王)


26
Seong
성왕
聖王
May 523 - August 554 C.E.
Myeong (명, 明)
son of Muryeong
also Myeong (명왕, 明王) or Seongmyeong (성명왕, 聖明王)


27
Wideok
위덕왕
威德王
August 554 - December 598 C.E.
Chang (창, 昌)
first son of Seong
also Chang (창왕, 昌王)


28
Hye
혜왕
惠王
December 598 - December 599 C.E.
Gye (계, 季)
second son of Seong
also Heon (헌왕, 獻王)


29
Beop
법왕
法王
December 599 - May 600 C.E.
Seon (선, 宣) or Hyosun (효순, 孝順)
first son of Hye


30
Mu
무왕
武王
May 600 - March 641 C.E.
personal name Jang (장, 璋) or Seodong or Suhdeong (서동, 薯童)
the fourth youngest son of Wideok
also Mugang (무강왕, 武康王) or Mugwang (무광왕,武廣王)


31
Uija
의자왕
義慈王
March 641 - August 660

first son of Mu
[7]
Silla
Silla (57 B.C.E. - 935 C.E.) constituted one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In the early years, the Pak, Seok, and Kim families ruled Silla. Rulers of Silla had various titles, including Isageum, Maripgan, Taewang, Daewang and Yeowang. Like some Baekje kings, some declared themselves emperor.

Hyeokgeose Geoseogan 혁거세거서간 (57 B.C.E.–4 C.E.)
Namhae Chachaung 남해차차웅 (4–24)
Yuri Yisageum (24–57) 유리이사금 儒理尼師今 (Kings Yuri to Heurhae bore the Korean title Isageum, an old word for "ruler")
Talhae Isageum 탈해 이사금 脫解尼師今 (57–80)
Pasa Isageum 파사이사금 婆娑尼師今 (80–112)
Jima Isageum 지마이사금 祗摩尼師今 (112–134)
Ilseong Isageum 일성이사금 逸聖尼師今 (134–154)
Adalla Isageum 아달라이사금 阿達羅尼師今 (154–184)
Beolhyu Isageum 벌휴이사금 伐休尼師今 (184–196)
Naehae Isageum 내해이사금 奈解尼師今 (196–230)
Jobun Isageum 조분이사금 助賁尼師今 (230–247)
Cheomhae Isageum 첨해이사금 沾解尼師今 (247–261)
Michu Isageum 미추이사금 味鄒尼師今 (262–284)
Yurye Isageum 유례이사금 儒禮尼師今 (284–298)
Girim Isageum 기림이사금 基臨尼師今 (298–310)
Heulhae Isageum 흘해이사금 訖解尼師今 (310–356)
Naemul Maripgan 내물마립간 奈勿麻立干 (356–402) (Kings Naemul to Soji bore the Korean title Maripgan, an old word for "ruler")
Silseong Maripgan 실성마립간 實聖麻立干 (402–417)
Nulji Maripgan 눌지마립간 訥祗麻立干 (417–458)
Jabi Maripgan 자비마립간 慈悲麻立干 (458–479)
Soji Maripgan 소지마립간 炤智麻立干 (479–500)
King Jijeung 지증왕 智證王 (500–514) (Kings Jijeung to Gyeongsun bore the title Wang (the modern Korean word for "king"), with the exceptions noted below)
King Beopheung the Great 법흥태왕 法興太王 (514–540) ("King Beopheung the Great" is a translation of Beopheung Taewang, "Taewang" meaning "great king")
King Jinheung the Great 진흥태왕 真興太王 (540–576) ("King Jinheung the Great" is a translation of Jinheung Taewang, "Taewang" meaning "great king")
King Jinji 진지왕 真智王 (576–579)
King Jinpyeong 진평왕 真平王 (579–632)
Queen Seondeok 선덕여왕 善德女王 (632–647) (Queens Seondeok and Jindeok bore the title Yeowang, meaning "queen")
Queen Jindeok 진덕여왕 真德女王 (647–654)
King Muyeol 무열왕 武烈王 (654–661)
Gaya confederacy
Gaya confederacy (42 - 532) consisted of several small statelets. All rulers of Gaya bore the title Wang ("King").
According to a legend recorded in the Samguk Yusa (a collection of folktales, legends, and biographies from early Korean history), in the year 42 C.E., six eggs descended from the heaven with messages that they would be kings. From the six eggs came six boys and within twelve days the boys grew to maturity. One of them, named Suro, became the king of Geumgwan Gaya, and the other five founded the other five Gayas, namely, Daegaya, Seongsan Gaya, Ara Gaya, Goryeong Gaya, and Sogaya.

Geumgwan Gaya
This list is of the Kim Dynasty of Geumgwan Gaya (42-532). Given the legend that records the the founding of Geumgwan Gaya in 42 C.E. when six eggs descended from heaven, the period of Suro's reign (42-199) should not be taken to imply that he was a single historical person who lived for over 150 years.



#
Temple name
Hangul
Hanja
Period of reign


1
Suro of Geumgwan Gaya
수로왕
首露王
(42-199)


2
Geodeung of Geumgwan Gaya
거등왕
居登王
(199-259)


3
Mapum of Geumgwan Gaya
마품왕
麻品王
(259-291)


4
Geojilmi of Geumgwan Gaya
거질미왕
居叱彌王
(291-346)


5
Isipum of Geumgwan Gaya
이시품왕
伊尸品王
(346-407)


6
Jwaji of Geumgwan Gaya
좌지왕
坐知王
(407-421)


7
Chwihui of Geumgwan Gaya
취희왕
吹希王
(421-451)


8
Jilji of Geumgwan Gaya
질지왕
銍知王
(451-492)


9
Gyeomji of Geumgwan Gaya
겸지왕
鉗知王
(492-521)


10
Guhyeong of Geumgwan Gaya
구형왕
仇衡王
(521-532)

Daegaya
Only four of the sixteen kings of Daegaya (42 - 562) are known by name.

1. King Ijinashi of Daegaya 이진아시왕, also known as Naejinjuji 내진주지 or Noejiljuil 뇌질주일
9. King Inoe of Daegaya 이뇌왕, 8th generation descendant of Yi Jinashi
?. King Haji of Daegaya 하지왕, generation unknown; possibly also known as King Gasil; sent emissary to 南齊 China in 479, joined Baekje to aid Silla from Goguryeo attack in 481.
16. King Doseolji of Daegaya 도설지왕, submitted to Silla
North-South States
Unified (Later) Silla
King Munmu 문무왕 文武王 (661–681)
King Sinmun 신문왕 神文王 (681–691)
King Hyoso 효소왕 孝昭王 (692–702)
King Seongdeok the Great 성덕왕 聖德王 (702–737)
King Hyoseong 효성왕 孝成王 (737–742)
King Gyeongdeok 경덕왕 景德王 (742–765)
King Hyegong 혜공왕 惠恭王 (765–780)
King Seondeok 선덕왕 宣德王 (780–785)
King Wonseong 원성왕 元聖王 (785–798)
King Soseong 소성왕 昭聖王 (798–800)
King Aejang 애장왕 哀莊王 (800–809)
King Heondeok 헌덕왕 憲德王 (809-826)
King Heungdeok 흥덕왕 興德王 (826–836)
King Huigang 희강왕 僖康王 (836–838)
King Minae 민애왕 閔哀王 (838–839)
King Sinmu 신무왕 神武王 (839)
King Munseong 문성왕 文聖王 (839–857)
King Heonan 헌안왕 憲安王 (857–861)
King Gyeongmun 경문왕 景文王 (861–875)
King Heongang 헌강왕 憲康王 (875–886)
King Jeonggang 정강왕 定康王 (886–887)
Queen Jinseong 진성여왕 真聖女王 (887–897) (Queen Jinseong bore the Korean title Yeowang, which means "queen")
King Hyogong 효공왕 孝恭王 (897–912)
King Sindeok 신덕왕 神德王 (913–917)
King Gyeongmyeong 경명왕 景明王 (917–924)
King Gyeongae 경애왕 景哀王 (924–927)
King Gyeongsun 경순왕 敬順王 (927–935)
Balhae
Balhae (669-926) followed Goguryeo in the northern territories when Silla unified half of the Korean Peninsula. The founder called the state Jin, claiming the title of the successor to Goguryeo, but after establishing relations with China Jin received the name Balhae (Bohai in Chinese). The rulers used the title Daewang ("king") and had the temple name of either -jo or -jong, though deposed rulers accounted for an exception.



#

Personal name

Period of reign

Era name (年號)

Posthumous name (諡號)

Temple name (廟號)


Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja


0

Dae Jung-sang

대중상 
大仲象

668-699

Junggwang

중광
重光

Yeol

열
烈王

Sejo

세조
世祖


1

Dae Joyeong

대조영
大祚榮

699-718

Cheontong

천통
天統

Go

고왕
高王

Taejo

태조
太祖


2

Dae Muye

대무예
大武藝

718-737

Inan

인안
仁安

Mu

무왕
武王

Kwangjong

광종
光宗


3

Dae Heummu

대흠무
大欽茂

737-793

Daeheung *

대흥
大興 *

Mun

문왕
文王

Sejong

세종
世宗


4

Dae Won-ui

대원의
大元義

793-794

None

None

None

None

None

None


5

Dae Hwa-yeo

대화여
大華與

794

Jungheung

중흥
中興

Seong

성왕
成王

Injong

인종
仁宗


6

Dae Sung-rin

대숭린
大嵩璘

794-808

Jeongryeok

정력
正曆

Gang

강왕
康王

Mokjong

목종
穆宗


7

Dae Won-yu

대원유
大元瑜

808-812

Yeongdeok

영덕
永德

Jeong

정왕
定王

Uijong

의종
毅宗


8

Dae Eon-ui

대언의
大言義

812-817?

Jujak

주작
朱雀

Hui

희왕
僖王

Kangjong

강종
康宗


9

Dae Myeongchung

대명충
大明忠

817?-818?

Taesi

태시
太始

Gan

간왕
簡王

Cheoljong

철종
哲宗


10

Dae Insu

대인수
大仁秀

818?-830

Geonheung

건흥
建興

Seon

선왕
宣王

Seongjong

성종
聖宗


11

Dae Ijin

대이진
大彝震

830-857

Hamhwa

함화
咸和

Hwa

화
和

Jangjong

장종
莊宗


12

Dae Geonhwang

대건황
大虔晃

857-871

Daejeong

대정
大定

An

안왕
安王

Soonjong

순종
順宗


13

Dae Hyeonseok

대현석
大玄錫

871-895

Cheonbok

천복
天福

Gyeong

경왕
景王

Myeongjong

명종
明宗


14

Dae Wihae

대위해
大瑋瑎

895-906

None

None

None

None

None

None


15

Dae Inseon

대인선
大諲譔

906-926

Cheongtae

청태
淸泰

Ae

애왕
哀王

None

None


Note : Dae Heummu had another era name Boryeok (Hangul :보력 Hanja: 寶曆; 774-?) 


Later Balhae
Later Balhae (927-936), the first successor-state of Balhae, rose almost immediately after its fall. The founder, Dae Gwang Hyun, a member of the royal family and possibly a prince, used his position and lineage to legitimize his rule of Balhae. Dae Won lost hold of his regime, when his general, Yeol Manhwa, staged a successful coup. Yeol Manhwa formed the Jeong-An Kingdom, reviving Balhae.

Dae Gwang Hyun (927-936) 대광현(大光顯)
Jeong-An Kingdom
Yeol Manhwa (936-?) 열만화 (烈萬華)
Oh Hyeon-Myeong (976-986) 오현명 (烏玄明)
Heung-Yo Kingdom
Dae Yeon-Rim—a seventh generation descendant of Dae Joyeong, the founder of Balhae—founded the Heung-Yo Kingdom (1029-1030). The Heung-Yo Kingdom, among the last of the successor-states of Balhae, fell within a year to Liao forces in 1030 C.E.

Dae Yeon-Rim (?-?) 대연림 (大延琳)
Dae Won Kingdom (Kingdom of Great Balhae)
The Dae Won Kingdom (1116) represented the last major successor-state and attempt to revive of Balhae. Go Yeong-Chang, a descendant of the Goguryeon Royal family, founded the Dae Won Kingdom. The Dae Won Kingdom fell within the year of its establishment.

Go Yeong-Chang (?-1116) 고영창 (高永昌)
Je
Yi Jeonggi founded the State of Je (765 - 819), a successor-state of Goguryeo. The son of a Goguryeo captive in the Tang Empire, Yi Jeonggi gathered a massive army that consisted of both Goguryeo and Baekje soldiers. In 765, Yi rebelled and established the Je kingdom, declaring himself the "Emperor of Je." Yi conquered fifteen prefectures of Tang Empire, gathering the people of Goguryeo and Baekje into one cause and nation. The State of Je attacked the Tang capital of Changan several times before falling to the Tang-Silla Alliance in 819.

Yi Jeonggi (Hangul : 이정기 Hanja/Hanzi :李正己/李定己) 765C.E. - 781C.E.
Yi Nab (Hangul : 이납 Hanja/Hanzi :李納) 781C.E. - 793 C.E.
Yi Sago (Hangul : 이사고 Hanja/Hanzi :李師古) 793C.E. - 807C.E.
Yi Sado (Hangul : 이사도 Hanja/Hanzi :李師道) 807C.E. - 819 C.E.[8][9][10]
Later Three Kingdoms
Later Goguryeo (Majin, Taebong)
Gung Ye (901-918) 궁예 (弓裔)
Later Baekje
Gyeon Hwon (900-935) 견훤 (甄萱)
Gyeon Singeom (935-936) 견신검 (甄神劍)
Goryeo
The Wang Dynasty ruled Goryeo (918-1392). The first king had the temple name Taejo, meaning "great progenitor," a title applied to the first kings of both Goryeo and Joseon, also the founders of the Wang and Yi Dynasties respectively.
The next twenty-three emperors (until Wonjong) also used their temple names, ending in jong. Beginning with Chungnyeol (the twenty-fifth king), all the remaining kings of Goryeo had the title Wang ("King") as part of their temple names. Era names are in bracket where available



#

Personal name

Period of reign

Courtesy Name (C)/ 
 Mongol name (M) /
 Pseudonym (Ps)

Temple name (廟號) (T) /
 Posthumous name (諡號) (P)


Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja


x











Sijo

시조
始祖 (T)


x

Jak Je Geon

작제건
作帝建







Uijo

의조
懿祖 (T)


x

Wang Young

왕융 (건)
王隆 (建)

(d.897)





Sejo

세조
世祖 (T)


1

Wang Geon

왕건
王建

918–943



약천
若天 (C)

Taejo

태조
太祖 (T)


2

Wang Mu

왕무
王武

943–945



승건
承乾 (C)

Hyejong

혜종
惠宗 (T)


3

Wang Yo

왕요
王堯

945–949



천의 (C)

Jeongjong

정종
定宗 (T)


4

Wang So

왕소
王昭

949–975



일화
日華 (C)

Gwangjong

광종
光宗 (T)


5

Wang Yu

왕유
王伷

975–981



장민
長民 (C)

Gyeongjong

경종
景宗 (T)


6

Wang Chi

왕치
王治

981–997



온고
溫古 (C)

Seongjong

성종
成宗 (T)


7

Wang Song

왕송
王誦

997–1009



효신
孝伸 (C)

Mokjong

목종
穆宗 (T)


8

Wang Sun

왕순
王詢

1009–1031



안세
安世 (C)

Hyeonjong

현종
顯宗 (T)


9

Wang Heum

왕흠
王欽

1031–1034



원량
元良 (C)

Deokjong

덕종
德宗 (T)


10

Wang Hyeong

왕형
王亨

1034–1046



신조
申照 (C)

Jeongjong

정종
靖宗 (T)


11

Wang Hwi

왕휘
王徽

1046–1083



촉유
燭幽 (C)

Munjong

문종
文宗 (T)


12

Wang Hun

왕훈
王勳

1083



의공
義恭 (C)

Sunjong

순종
順宗 (T)


13

Wang Un

왕운
王運

1083–1094



계천
繼天 (C)

Seonjong

선종
宣宗 (T)


14

Wang Uk

왕욱
王昱

1094–1095





Heonjong

헌종
獻宗 (T)


15

Wang Hee

왕희
王熙

1095–1105



천상
天常 (C)

Sukjong

숙종
肅宗 (T)


16

Wang U

왕우
王俁

1105–1122



세민
世民 (C)

Yejong

예종
睿宗 (T)


17

Wang Hae

왕해
王楷

1122–1146



인표
仁表 (C)

Injong

인종
仁宗 (T)


18

Wang Hyeon

왕현
王晛

1146–1170



일승
日升 (C)

Uijong

의종
毅宗 (T)


19

Wang Ho

왕호
王皓

1170–1197



지단
之旦 (C)

Myeongjong

명종
明宗 (T)


20

Wang Tak

왕탁
王晫

1197–1204



지화
至華 (C)

Sinjong

신종
神宗 (T)


21

Wang Yeong

왕영
王韺

1204–1211



불피
不陂 (C)

Huijong

희종
熙宗 (T)


22

Wang O

왕오/왕숙/왕정
王晶/王璹/王貞

1211–1213



대화
大華 (C)

Gangjong

강종
康宗 (T)


23

Wang Cheol

왕철
王澈

1213–1259



천우
天祐 (C)

Gojong

고종
高宗 (T)


24

Wang Sik

왕식
王倎

1259–1274



일신
日新 (C)

Wonjong

원종
元宗 (T)


25

Wang Geo

왕거
王椹

1274–1308





Chungnyeol

충렬왕
忠烈王 (P)


26

Wang Jang

왕장
王璋

1308–1313



중앙
仲昻 (C)

Chungseon

충선왕
忠宣王 (P)


27

Wang Man

왕만
王燾

1313–1330
 1332–1339



의효 (C)

Chungsuk

충숙왕
忠肅王 (P)


28

Wang Jeong

왕정
王禎

1330–1332
 1339–1344

Botapsilli (M)

보탑실리
普塔失里 (M)

Chunghye

충혜왕
忠惠王 (P)


29

Wang Heun

왕흔
王昕

1344–1348

Palsamanaeisa

팔사마타아지
八思麻朶兒只 (M)

Chungmok

충목왕
忠穆王 (P)


30

Wang Jeo

왕저
王蚳

1348–1351

Ijae / Ikdang (Ps)

미사감타아지
迷思監朶兒只 (M) 
 이재 /익당 (Ps)

Chungjeong

충정왕
忠靖王 (P)


31

Wang Jeon

왕전
王祺

1351–1374



빠이란티무르 
伯顔帖木兒 (M)

Gongmin

공민왕
恭愍王 (P)


32

Wang U

왕우
王禑

1374–1388





U

우왕
禑王 (P)


33

Wang Chang

왕창
王昌

1388–1389





Chang

창왕
昌王 (P)


34

Wang Yo

왕요
王瑤

1389–1392





Gongyang

공양왕
恭讓王 (P)


Joseon
Joseon (1391–1897) followed Goryeo. In 1897, when Joseon became the Korean Empire, Emperor Gojong posthumously raised some of the Joseon kings to the rank of emperors.
Joseon monarchs had temple names ending in jo or jong. The first kings/emperors of new lines within the dynasty received the title Jo, with the first king/emperor having the special name (Taejo), which means "great progenitor" (see also Goryeo). All other kings/emperors received the title Jong.
Kings Yeonsangun and Gwanghaegun received their normal titles, without temple names, after their reigns ended. Each monarch had a posthumous name that included either the title Wang ("King"), Hwangje ("Emperor"), Daewang ("King X the Great"), or Daeje ("Emperor X the Great"). For the sake of consistency, the title "King/Emperor" has been added to each monarch's temple name in the list below.



#

Personal name

Period of reign

Courtesy Name (C)/ 
 Mongol name (M) /
 Pseudonym (Ps)

Temple name (廟號) (T) /
 Posthumous name (諡號) (P)


Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja


x

Yi Han

이한
李翰







Sijo

시조
始祖 (T)


...


x

Yi An-sa

이안사
李安社







Mokjo

목조
穆祖 (T)


x

Yi Haeng-ri

이행리
李行里







Ikjo

익조
翼祖 (T)


x

Yi Chun

이춘
李椿



Buyan-Temür (M)

孛顔帖木兒 (M)

Dojo

도조
度祖 (T)


x

Yi Ja-chun

이자춘
李子春

(d.1360)

Ulus Bukha (M)

吾魯思不花 (M)

Hwanjo

환조
桓祖 (T)


1

Yi Seong gye

이성계
李成桂

1392-1398



중결 
仲潔 (C)

Taejo

태조
太祖 (T)


2

Yi Gyeong

이경
李敬

1398-1400



광원
光遠 (C)

Jeongjong

정종
定宗 (T)


3

Yi Bang won

이방원
李芳遠

1400-1418



유덕 
遺德(C)

Taejong

태종
 太宗(T)


4

Yi Do

이도
李祹

1418-1450



원정
元正 (C)

Sejong the Great

세종
 世宗(T)


5

Yi Hyang

이향
李珦

1450-1452



휘지
李輝之(C)

Munjong

문종
文宗 (T)


6

Yi Hong wi

이홍위
李弘緯

1452-1455





Danjong

단종
端宗 (T)


7

Yi Yu

이유
李瑈

1455-1468



수지 
粹之 (C)

Sejo

세조
世祖 (T)


8

Yi Gwang

이광
李晄

1468-1469



명조/평남
明照/平南 (C)

Yejong

예종
睿宗 (T)


9

Yi Hyeol

이혈
李娎

1469-1494




 (C)

Seongjong

성종
 成宗(T)


10

Yi Yung

이융
李隆

1494-1506




 (C)

Yeonsangun

연산군
燕山君


11

Yi Yeok

이역
李懌

1506-1544



낙천
樂天 (C)

Jungjong

중종
中宗 (T)


12

Yi Ho

이호
李峼

1544-1545



천윤
天胤 (C)

Injong

인종
仁宗 (T)


13

Yi Hwan

이환
李峘

1545-1567



대양
對陽 (C)

Myeongjong

명종
明宗 (T)


14

Yi Yeon

이연
李蚣

1567-1608





Seonjo

선조
宣祖 (T)


15

Yi Hon

이혼
李琿

1608-1623




 (C)

Gwanghaegun

광해군 
光海君


16

Yi Jong

이종
李倧

1623-1649



화백
 和伯(C)

Injo

인조
仁祖 (T)


17

Yi Ho

이호
李淏

1649-1659



정연/靜淵 (C)
죽오/竹梧 (Ps)

Hyojong

효종
 孝宗(T)


18

Yi Yeon

이연
李棩

1659-1674



경직
景直 (C)

Hyeonjong

현종
顯宗 (T)


19

Yi Sun

이순
李焞

1674-1720



명보
明普 (C)

Sukjong

숙종
 (T)


20

Yi Yun

이윤
李昀

1720-1724



휘서
輝瑞 (C)

Gyeongjong

경종
 (T)


21

Yi Geum

이금
李昑

1724-1776



광숙/光叔 (C)
양성헌/養性軒 (Ps)

Yeongjo

영조
英祖 (T)


22

Yi San

이산
李凌

1776-1800



형운/亨運 (C)
홍재/弘齋 (Ps)

Jeongjo

정조
正祖 (T)


23

Yi Gong

이공
李蚣

1800-1834



공보/公寶(C)
순재/純齋 (Ps)

Sunjo

순조
純祖 (T)


24

Yi Hwan

이환
李奐

1834-1849



문응/文應 (C)
원헌/元軒 (Ps)

Heonjong

헌종
憲宗 (T)


25

Yi Byeon

이변
李昪

1849-1863



도승/道升(C)
대용재/大勇齋(Ps)

Cheoljong

철종
哲宗 (T)


26

Yi Myeong bok

이명복 
李命福

1863-1897 (1907)*



성림/聖臨(C)
주연/珠淵 (Ps)

Gojong

고종
高宗 (T)


27

Yi Cheok

이척
李拓

(1907-1910)*



군방/君邦(C) 
 정헌/正軒 (Ps)

Sunjong

순종
純宗 (T)


see Korean Empire section
Korean Empire
King Gojong declared the Korean Empire (1897-1919) to declare the end of the tributary relationship with China. Technically, historians use the emperors' era names rather than their temple names to designate the king, but commonly use temple names.



#

Personal name

Period of reign

Korean era name

Temple name (廟號)


Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja

Westernized

Hangul/Hanja


1

Yi Myeong bok

이명복
李命福

1897-1907

Gwangmu

광무
 光武

Gojong

고종
 (T)


2

Yi Cheok

이척
 李拓

1907-1910

Yungheui

융희
 隆熙

Sunjong

순종
 (T)


See also
North Korea
South Korea
Notes

↑ Bruce Cumings, Korea's place in the sun: a modern history (New York: W.W. Norton, 1997, ISBN 978-0393040111), 25.

↑  Ki-baek Yi, A New History of Korea (Cambridge, MA: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard University Press, 1984, ISBN 978-0674615755), 13.

↑ Jung Bae Kim, "Formation of the ethnic Korean nation and the emergence of its ancient kingdom states," Korean history: Discovery of its characteristics and developments (Seoul: Hollym, 1997, ISBN 1565911776), 27-36.

↑ N.-H. Yoon (윤내현), The Location and Transfer of GO-CHOSUN's Capital (고조선의 도읍 위치와 그 이동), 단군학연구, 7, 207-238, 2002.

↑  김황, Daedong Sagang (대동사강, 大東史綱), 대동사강사, 경성 (1929)

↑ 백산 학회, 고조선 부여사 연구

↑ 7.0 7.1  Chʻang-guk Song, Paekche wangjo 700-yŏn. Ŭttŭm yŏksa manhwa, 4. (Sŏul-si: Kyerim Datkʻŏm, 2001, ISBN 9788981069308), 318-319. 

↑ New history book of Tang, 新唐書

↑ Old history book of Tang, 舊唐書

↑ Zizhi Tongjian, 資治通鑒


ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees
Byeon Tae-seop (변태섭). 韓國史通論 (Hanguksa tongnon) (Outline of Korean history) , 4th ed, 1999. ISBN 8944591016
Cumings, Bruce. Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997. ISBN 978-0393040111
Kim, Jung Bae. "Formation of the ethnic Korean nation and the emergence of its ancient kingdom states", Korean history: Discovery of its characteristics and developments. Seoul: Hollym, 1997, 27-36. ISBN 1565911776
Nahm, Andrew C. Korea: tradition & transformation: a history of the Korean people. Elizabeth, NJ: Hollym International Corp, 1988. ISBN 978-0930878566
Song, Chʻang-guk. Paekche wangjo 700-yŏn. Ŭttŭm yŏksa manhwa, 4. Sŏul-si: Kyerim Datkʻŏm, 2001. ISBN 978-8981069308
Yi, Ki-baek. A New History of Korea. Cambridge, MA: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard University Press, 1984. ISBN 978-0674615755
Yoon, N.-H. (윤내현), The Location and Transfer of GO-CHOSUN's Capital (고조선의 도읍 위치와 그 이동), 단군학연구, 7, 207 – 238, 2002.
External Links
All links retrieved October 29, 2022.

Department of Asian Art. "List of Rulers of Korea." In Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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