Chain smoking

Chain smoking is the practice of smoking several cigarettes in succession, sometimes using the ember of a finished cigarette to light the next. The term chain smoker often also refers to a person who smokes relatively constantly, though not necessarily chaining each cigarette. The term applies primarily to cigarettes, although it can be used to describe incessant cigar and pipe smoking as well as vaping. It is a common indicator of addiction.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Causes
* 2 Clinical use
* 3 Ventilation
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Causes[edit | edit source]

Many people chain-smoke when drinking alcoholic beverages, because alcohol potentiates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to re-sensitization and hence inducing a craving.[2]

The extent to which chain smoking is driven by nicotine dependence has been studied. It does not seem that the amount of nicotine delivered is a significant factor, as the puff volume correlates poorly with the frequency of cigarette consumption.[3]

## Clinical use[edit | edit source]

Chain smoking is given as an example of excessive addictive behaviour in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.[4] It may be used as a form of aversion therapy for smokers who are unused to such heavy smoking, inducing them to give up altogether.[5]

## Ventilation[edit | edit source]

Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) professionals claim that an airflow of about 30 cubic meters per minute per smoker is required to maintain satisfactory air quality when the smokers are chain smoking.[6] However, research confirms that current HVAC systems, while important for general air quality, cannot control exposure to secondhand smoke.[7]

## See also[edit | edit source]

* Tobacco smoking

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Charles, Gerras (1976). The Encyclopedia of Common Diseases. Rodale Press. p. 17\. ISBN 978-0-87857-113-0. Archived from the original on 2021-05-29. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
2. ↑ Rose, J.; Brauer, L.; Behm, F.; Cramblett, M. (2004). "Psychopharmacological interactions between nicotine and ethanol". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 6 (1): 133–44. doi:10.1080/14622200310001656957. PMID 14982697.
3. ↑ Kolonen, S.; Tuomisto, J.; Puustinen, P.; Airaksinen, M. M. (1992). "Effects of smoking abstinence and chain-smoking on puffing topography and diurnal nicotine exposure". Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 42 (2): 327–32. doi:10.1016/0091-3057(92)90535-N. PMID 1631188. S2CID 30397734.
4. ↑ Helen, Keane (2002). What's Wrong with Addiction?. Melbourne University Publish. p. 100\. ISBN 978-0-522-84991-2. Archived from the original on 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
5. ↑ Cocores, James (1991). The Clinical Management of Nicotine Dependence. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-97464-4. Archived from the original on 2020-07-27. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
6. ↑ Rock, Brian A. (13 January 2006). Ventilation for Environmental Tobacco Smoke. Elsevier Science. p. 48\. ISBN 978-0-08-052539-6. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
7. ↑ The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General (PDF). surgeongeneral.gov. Office of the Surgeon General, US Department of Health and Human Services. 2006. p. 92\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2009-02-05.

* v
* t
* e

Tobacco smoking

Country
and region|

| Africa|

* Egypt
* Nigeria
* South Africa

|

Asia|

* Afghanistan
* China
* Macau
* Hong Kong
* East Timor
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Japan
* North Korea
* Malaysia
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Turkey
* Vietnam

Oceania|

* Australia
* New Zealand
* Tokelau

Europe|

* Albania
* Armenia
* Croatia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Latvia
* Norway
* Russia
* Sweden
* Turkey
* United Kingdom

South America|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Colombia
* Ecuador
* Uruguay

North America|

* Canada
* United States

Religion|

* Smoking in Jewish law
* Islamic views on tobacco
* Tobacco fatwa
* Ceremonial pipe
* Chanunpa
* Kinnikinnick
* Pipe bag

Health|

* Health effects of tobacco (Nicotine poisoning
* Nicotine withdrawal)
* Passive smoking
* Third-hand smoke
* Prevalence of tobacco use
* Schizophrenia and smoking
* Sidestream smoke
* Smokeless tobacco keratosis
* Smoker's face
* Smoker's melanosis
* Stomatitis nicotina
* Smoking age
* Smoking and male infertility
* Smoking cessation
* Tobacco-free pharmacies
* Tobacco packaging warning messages
* WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
* MPOWER
* Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products
* World No Tobacco Day
* Youth smoking

Women and smoking|

* Breastfeeding difficulties
* Breast cancer
* Cervical cancer
* Menopause
* Ptosis of the breast
* Smoking and female infertility
* Smoking and pregnancy

Smoking ban|

* Inflight smoking
* List of smoking bans
* Smoking bans in private vehicles
* Tobacco-free college campuses

Country and region|

* Australia
* England
* France
* United States

Other|

* Chain smoking
* Tobacco consumption by country
* History of smoking
* Smokeasy
* Smoking fetishism
* Smoking in association football
* Smoking jacket
* Tobacco pipe
* Smoking room
* Nicotine marketing
* Tobacco bowdlerization
* Tobacco industry

* Category
* Cigarettes
* Electronic cigarettes

* v
* t
* e

Cigarettes

Types|

* Fashion
* Fire-safe
* Flavored
* Kretek
* Lights
* Menthol
* Beedi

Components|

* Tobacco
* Rolling paper
* Filter
* Additives

Peripherals|

* Ashtray
* Case
* Holder
* Lighter
* Pack
* Receptacles
* Vending machine

Culture|

* Cigarette card
* Cigarette smoking among college students
* Loosie
* Smoking in association football
* Smoking fetishism
* Tobacco smoking

Health issues|

* Chain smoking
* Cigarette smoking for weight loss
* Nicotine dependence
* Nicotine poisoning
* Passive smoking
* Third-hand smoke
* Schizophrenia and smoking
* Sidestream smoke
* Smoking cessation
* Tobacco harm reduction

Related products|

* Candy cigarette
* Herbal cigarette
* Heated tobacco product
* Composition
* List
* Snus
* Electronic cigarette
* Nicotine pouch
* Nicotine replacement therapy

Tobacco industry|

* Cultivation of tobacco
* Tobacco advertising
* Disinformation playbook
* "Big Tobacco"

| By country|

* Argentina
* Egypt
* Malawi
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* United States

|

Government
and the law|

* Cigarette smuggling
* Plain cigarette packaging
* Smoking age
* Smoking bans in private vehicles
* Tobacco control movement
* Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement
* Tobacco packaging warning messages
* Tobacco politics
* WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
* MPOWER
* Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products

Lists|

* Cigarette brands
* Cigarette smoke carcinogens
* Countries by tobacco consumption
* Rolling papers
* Smoking bans

* Category
* Commons
* Smoking
* Electronic cigarettes

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template