Sterile fungi

Short description: Form group of fungi that do not produce any spores

The sterile fungi, or mycelia sterilia, are a group of fungi that do not produce any known spores, either sexual or asexual. This is considered a form group, not a taxonomic division, and is used as a matter of convenience only, as various isolates within such morphotypes could include distantly related taxa or different morphotypes of the same species,[1] leading to incorrect identifications. Because these fungi do not produce spores, it is impossible to use traditional methods of morphological comparison to classify them.[2] However, molecular techniques can be applied to determine their evolutionary history, with ITS testing being the preferred method.[1] Several lichen genera include sterile species: Andreiomyces[3], Aspicilia[4] Buellia[5], Calvatimella[6], Chrysothrix[7], Lepraria[8], Megalaria[9] and Phlyctis[10]. According to one study, approximately 42% of fluids collected from broncho-alveolar lavage have had sterile mycelium observed in them.[11]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Naik, Shankar (November 2009). "Taxonomic placement for mycelia sterilia in endophytic fungal research: A molecular approach". Current Science (Indian Academy of Sciences) 97 (9): 1276–1277. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235928785.
2. ↑ Gherbawy, Youssuf; Voigt, Kerstin (2010-03-03) (in en). Molecular Identification of Fungi. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 284. ISBN 978-3-642-05042-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=t1iEGCciqckC.
3. ↑ Hodkinson, B.P; Lendemer, J.C. (2013). "Next-generation sequencing reveals sterile crustose lichen phylogeny". Mycosphere 4 (6): 1028–1039. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/4/6/1. http://www.mycosphere.org/pdf/MC4_6_No1.pdf.
4. ↑ Anderson, Frances; Lendemer, James C. (2016). "Aspicilia bicensis (Megasporaceae), a new sterile, pustulose lichen from eastern Canada" (in en). The Bryologist 119 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.1.008. ISSN 0007-2745. http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1639/0007-2745-119.1.008.
5. ↑ Allen, Jessica L.; Lendemer, James C. (2013-09-16). "Uncovering chemical variability: molecular data reveal the identity of a sterile crustose lichen from the Yukon and affirm an expanded circumscription for Buellia griseovirens". North American Fungi 8 (0): 1. doi:10.2509/naf2013.008.012. ISSN 1937-786X. http://openjournals.wsu.edu/index.php/pnwfungi/article/view/1132.
6. ↑ Bendiksby, Mika; Haugan, Reidar; Spribille, Toby; Timdal, Einar (2015). "Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy of the Calvitimela aglaea complex (Tephromelataceae, Lecanorales)" (in en). Mycologia 107 (6): 1172–1183. doi:10.3852/14-062. ISSN 0027-5514. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3852/14-062.
7. ↑ Knudsen, Kerry; Bungartz, Frank (2013). "Chrysothrix galapagoana, a new species from the Galapagos Islands". Opuscula philolichenum 12: 174–179. doi:10.5962/p.382105. ISSN 1941-7519. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/382105.
8. ↑ Lendemer, James Colin (2013). "A monograph of the crustose members of the genus Lepraria Ach. s. str. (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America north of Mexico". Opuscula philolichenum 12: 27–141. doi:10.5962/p.382102. ISSN 1941-7519. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/382102.
9. ↑ McMullin, R. Troy; Lendemer, James C. (2016). "Megalaria allenae (Ramalinaceae), a new sorediate species from southeastern North America previously confused with M. pulverea" (in en). The Bryologist 119 (3): 290–297. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.3.290. ISSN 0007-2745. http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1639/0007-2745-119.3.290.
10. ↑ Muscavitch, Zachary M.; Lendemer, James C.; Harris, Richard C. (2017-10-18). "A review of the lichen genus Phlyctis in North America (Phlyctidaceae) including the description of a new widespread saxicolous species from eastern North America". The Bryologist 120 (4): 388. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-120.4.388. ISSN 0007-2745. https://bioone.org/journals/the-bryologist/volume-120/issue-4/0007-2745-120.4.388/A-review-of-the-lichen-genus-Phlyctis-in-North-America/10.1639/0007-2745-120.4.388.full.
11. ↑ Agossou, M.; Inamo, J.; Ahouansou, N.; Dufeal, M.; Provost, M.; Badaran, E.; Zouzou, A.; Awanou, B. et al. (August 24, 2023). "Frequency and Distribution of Broncho-Alveolar Fungi in Lung Diseases in Martinique". Journal of Clinical Medicine 12 (17): 5480. doi:10.3390/jcm12175480. PMID 37685550.

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