Applicative programming language

Not to be confused with applicative functors, introduced in the paper "Applicative programming with effects"[1].

In the classification of programming languages, an applicative programming language is built out of functions applied to arguments. Applicative languages are functional, and applicative is often used as a synonym for functional.[2] However, concatenative languages can be functional, while not being applicative.[3]

The semantics of applicative languages are based on beta reduction of terms, and Side effect such as mutation of state are not permitted.[4]

Lisp and ML are applicative programming languages.

## See also

* Applicative universal grammar
* Function-level programming

## References

1. ↑ McBride, Conor; Paterson, Ross (2008-01-01). "Applicative programming with effects". Journal of Functional Programming 18 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1017/S0956796807006326. ISSN 1469-7653.
2. ↑ Dershowitz, Nachum; Plaisted, David A. (1985). "Logic Programming cum Applicative Programming". Boston, MA. pp. 54–66.
3. ↑ Jon Purdy (12 February 2012). "Why Concatenative Programming Matters". https://evincarofautumn.blogspot.com/2012/02/why-concatenative-programming-matters.html.
4. ↑ Backus, J. (1978). "Can programming be liberated from the von Neumann style?: A functional style and its algebra of programs". Communications of the ACM 21 (8): 613–641. doi:10.1145/359576.359579.

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