Permutation box

Short description: Method of bit-shuffling used to diffuse bits across S-box inputs

In cryptography, a permutation box (or P-box) is a method of bit-shuffling used to permute or transpose bits across S-boxes inputs, creating diffusion while transposing.[1]

An example of a 64-bit "expansion" P-box which spreads the input S-boxes to as many output S-boxes as possible.

In block ciphers based on substitution-permutation network, the P-boxes, together with the "substitution" S-boxes are used to make the relation between the plaintext and the ciphertext difficult to understand (see Shannon's Confusion and diffusion). P-boxes are typically classified as compression, expansion, and straight, depending on whether the number of output bits is less than, greater than, or equal to the number of input bits, respectively. Only straight P-boxes are invertible.

## See also

* Boolean function
* Nothing-up-my-sleeve number
* Substitution cipher

## References

1. ↑ Nayaka & Biradar 2013, p. 3.

## Sources

* Nayaka, Raja Jitendra; Biradar, R. C. (2013). "2013 Annual International Conference on Emerging Research Areas and 2013 International Conference on Microelectronics, Communications and Renewable Energy". IEEE. doi:10.1109/aicera-icmicr.2013.6575944.

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Block ciphers (security summary)

Common
algorithms|

* AES
* Blowfish
* DES (internal mechanics, Triple DES)
* Serpent
* Twofish

Less common
algorithms|

* Camellia
* CAST-128
* GOST
* IDEA
* RC2
* RC5
* RC6
* SEED
* ARIA
* Skipjack
* TEA
* XTEA

Other
algorithms|

* 3-Way
* Akelarre
* Anubis
* BaseKing
* BassOmatic
* BATON
* BEAR and LION
* CAST-256
* Chiasmus
* CIKS-1
* CIPHERUNICORN-A
* CIPHERUNICORN-E
* CLEFIA
* CMEA
* Cobra
* COCONUT98
* Crab
* Cryptomeria/C2
* CRYPTON
* CS-Cipher
* DEAL
* DES-X
* DFC
* E2
* FEAL
* FEA-M
* FROG
* G-DES
* Grand Cru
* Hasty Pudding cipher
* Hierocrypt
* ICE
* IDEA NXT
* Intel Cascade Cipher
* Iraqi
* Kalyna
* KASUMI
* KeeLoq
* KHAZAD
* Khufu and Khafre
* KN-Cipher
* Kuznyechik
* Ladder-DES
* Libelle
* LOKI (97, 89/91)
* Lucifer
* M6
* M8
* MacGuffin
* Madryga
* MAGENTA
* MARS
* Mercy
* MESH
* MISTY1
* MMB
* MULTI2
* MultiSwap
* New Data Seal
* NewDES
* Nimbus
* NOEKEON
* NUSH
* PRESENT
* Prince
* Q
* RC6
* REDOC
* Red Pike
* S-1
* SAFER
* SAVILLE
* SC2000
* SHACAL
* SHARK
* Simon
* SM4
* Speck
* Spectr-H64
* Square
* SXAL/MBAL
* Threefish
* Treyfer
* UES
* xmx
* XXTEA
* Zodiac

Design|

* Feistel network
* Key schedule
* Lai–Massey scheme
* Product cipher
* S-box
* P-box
* SPN
* Confusion and diffusion
* Avalanche effect
* Block size
* Key size
* Key whitening (Whitening transformation)

Attack
(cryptanalysis)|

* Brute-force (EFF DES cracker)
* MITM
* Biclique attack
* 3-subset MITM attack
* Linear (Piling-up lemma)
* Differential
* Impossible
* Truncated
* Higher-order
* Differential-linear
* Distinguishing (Known-key)
* Integral/Square
* Boomerang
* Mod n
* Related-key
* Slide
* Rotational
* Side-channel
* Timing
* Power-monitoring
* Electromagnetic
* Acoustic
* Differential-fault
* XSL
* Interpolation
* Partitioning
* Rubber-hose
* Black-bag
* Davies
* Rebound
* Weak key
* Tau
* Chi-square
* Time/memory/data tradeoff

Standardization|

* AES process
* CRYPTREC
* NESSIE

Utilization|

* Initialization vector
* Mode of operation
* Padding

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Cryptography

* History of cryptography
* Cryptanalysis
* Outline of cryptography

* Symmetric-key algorithm
* Block cipher
* Stream cipher
* Public-key cryptography
* Cryptographic hash function
* Message authentication code
* Random numbers
* Steganography

* Category

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