Soyuz 30

File:Hermaszewski 1 - skafandry.jpg

File:Hermaszewski 2 - przedmioty.jpg

The Soyuz 30 capsule, Hermaszewski's spacesuits and personal items, as well as memorabilia from the flight on display at the Museum of Polish Military Technology.

Operator| Soviet space program
COSPAR ID| 1978-065A
SATCAT no.| 10968
Mission duration| 7 days, 22 hours and 2 minutes
Orbits completed| 125
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type| Soyuz 7K-T/A9
Manufacturer| NPO Energia
Launch mass| 6,800 kg (15,000 lb)
Crew
Crew size| 2
Members| Pyotr Klimuk
Mirosław Hermaszewski
Callsign| Кавказ (Kavkaz \- "Caucasus")
Start of mission
Launch date| 27 June 1978, 15:27:21 (1978-06-27UTC15:27:21Z) UTC
Rocket| Soyuz-U
Launch site| Baikonur 1/5[1]
End of mission
Landing date| 5 July 1978, 13:30:20 (1978-07-05UTC13:30:21Z) UTC
Landing site| 300 km (190 mi) W of Tselinograd
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth
Perigee altitude| 197.6 km (122.8 mi)
Apogee altitude| 261.3 km (162.4 mi)
Inclination| 51.66 degrees
Period| 88.83 minutes
Docking with Salyut 6[2]
Docking port| Aft
Docking date| 28 June 1978, 17:07:50 UTC
Undocking date| 5 July 1978, 10:15:40 UTC
Time docked| 6 days, 17 hours and 7 minutes

Soyuz programme

<- Soyuz 29

Soyuz 31 ->

Soyuz 30 (Russian: Союз 30, Union 30) was a 1978 crewed Soviet space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the sixth mission to and fifth successful docking at the orbiting facility.[2] The Soyuz 30 crew were the first to visit the long-duration Soyuz 29 resident crew.

Soyuz 30 carried Pyotr Klimuk and Mirosław Hermaszewski, the first Polish cosmonaut, aloft.

## Contents

* 1 Crew
* 2 Mission parameters
* 3 Mission highlights
* 4 See also
* 5 References

## Crew

Prime crew  Position | Cosmonaut

|

Commander  | Pyotr Klimuk
EP-3
Third and last spaceflight
Research cosmonaut  | Mirosław Hermaszewski, Interkosmos
EP-3
Only spaceflight
Backup crew  Position | Cosmonaut

|

Commander  | Valery Kubasov
Flight engineer  | Zenon Jankowski, Interkosmos

## Mission parameters

* Mass: 6,800 kg (15,000 lb)
* Perigee: 197.6 km (122.8 mi)
* Apogee: 261.3 km (162.4 mi)
* Inclination: 51.66°
* Period: 88.83 minutes

## Mission highlights

The heatshield of the capsule on display at the Museum of Polish Military Technology

The second Intercosmos mission was launched 27 June 1978 to the orbiting Salyut 6 space station. The Soyuz docked with the space station on 29 June, and cosmonauts Klimuk and Hermaszewski were greeted by Vladimir Kovalyonok and Aleksandr Ivanchenkov, the resident crew who had been on board for 12 days. For the third time, the Salyut was a four-man orbiting space laboratory.[3]

The activities of the Soyuz 30 crew, however, were severely curtailed so as not to interfere with the Soyuz 29 crew. On the Soyuz 29 crew's rest day, the international crew had to stay in their Soyuz to perform their experiments.[4] Nevertheless, Hermaszewski conducted many experiments. One was crystallization experiments which produced 47 grams of cadmium tellurium mercury semiconductors for use by infra-red detectors on board the station. The yield was far greater - 50% compared to 15% - than ground-based experiments.[4]

The Soyuz 30 crew was trained, as all international crews, in the use of the MKF-6M camera. Training in part took place on a Tupolev Tu-134 flying at 10 km to best mimic conditions on the station.[4] Hermaszewski photographed Poland in co-ordination with aircraft taking close-up photos, but bad weather over Poland limited the photo sessions.[4] They additionally filmed the Aurora Borealis.[3]

Hermaszewski participated in medical experiments which measured lung capacity and the heart during exercise and in a pressure suit. One experiment, which all four on board the station participated in, was Smak (the Polish word for taste), a taste experiment which sought answers to why some food was less palatable in weightlessness.[4]

The Soyuz 30 crew packed their experiments into their capsule and returned to Earth 5 July, landing in a Rostov state farm field 300 km west of Tselinograd.[4]

During this space flight, new equipment developed in the USSR and the socialist countries of Eastern Europe was tested (for example, the Polish cosmonaut M. Hermaszewski had a personal heart rate monitor developed by a factory in Warsaw - after all these tests and trials were completed, their serial production began in 1979)[5].

## See also

* List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations
* List of Salyut expeditions

## References

1. ↑ Mark Wade. "Baikonur LC1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://astronautix.com/b/baikonurlc1.html. Retrieved 4 March 2009.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 30". http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-30.htm.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Phillip Clark (1988). The Soviet Manned Space Program. New York, USA: Orion Books. ISBN 0-517-56954-X. https://archive.org/details/sovietmannedspac0000clar.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Dennis Newkirk (1990). Almanac of Soviet Manned Space Flight. Houston, Texas, USA: Gulf Publishing Company. ISBN 0-87201-848-2.
5. ↑ Сигнализатор отклонений пульса // журнал «Наука и жизнь», № 2, 1980. стр.81

* v
* t
* e

Soyuz human spaceflight programme

* List of Soyuz missions
* List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
* List of Russian human spaceflight missions

Main topics|

* Soyuz (rocket family)
* Soyuz (spacecraft)
* Baikonur Cosmodrome
* Site 1/5
* Site 31/6
* Soyuz abort modes
* Cosmonaut ranks and positions

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)|

| Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)|

* Kosmos 133†
* Soyuz 7K-OK No.1† (uncrewed)
* Kosmos 140
* Soyuz 1†
* Kosmos 186
* 188
* 212
* 213
* 238
* Soyuz 2 (uncrewed)
* 3
* 4
* 5
* 6
* 7
* 8
* 9

|

Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970)
(Zond lunar programme)|

* Kosmos 146
* 154†
* Zond 1967A†
* 1967B†
* Zond 4
* 1968A†
* 1968B†
* 5
* 6
* 1969A†
* Zond-M 1†
* M 2†
* Zond 7
* 8
* 9
* 10

Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)|

* Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1†
* Kosmos 382

Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)|

* Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1†
* No.2†

Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)|

* Soyuz 10†
* 11†

Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)|

* Kosmos 496
* 573
* Soyuz 12
* Kosmos 613
* Soyuz 13
* Kosmos 656
* Soyuz 14
* 15†
* 17
* 18a†
* 18
* 20 (uncrewed)
* 21
* 23†
* 24
* 25†
* 26
* 27
* 28
* 29
* 30
* 31
* 32 (uncrewed landing)
* 33†
* 34 (uncrewed launch)
* 35
* 36
* 37
* 38
* 39
* 40

Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)|

* Kosmos 638
* 672
* Soyuz 16
* 19 (Apollo–Soyuz Test Project)
* 22

Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)|

* Kosmos 670
* 772†
* 869†

Soyuz-T (1978–1986)|

* Kosmos 1001†
* 1074
* Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed)
* T-2
* T-3
* T-4
* T-5
* T-6
* T-7
* T-8†
* T-9
* T-10a†
* T-10
* T-11
* T-12
* T-13
* T-14
* T-15

Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)|

* Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed)
* TM-2
* TM-3
* TM-4
* TM-5
* TM-6
* TM-7
* TM-8
* TM-9
* TM-10
* TM-11
* TM-12
* TM-13
* TM-14
* TM-15
* TM-16
* TM-17
* TM-18
* TM-19
* TM-20
* TM-21
* TM-22
* TM-23
* TM-24
* TM-25
* TM-26
* TM-27
* TM-28
* TM-29
* TM-30
* TM-31
* TM-32
* TM-33
* TM-34

Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)|

* Soyuz TMA-1
* TMA-2
* TMA-3
* TMA-4
* TMA-5
* TMA-6
* TMA-7
* TMA-8
* TMA-9
* TMA-10
* TMA-11
* TMA-12
* TMA-13
* TMA-14
* TMA-15
* TMA-16
* TMA-17
* TMA-18
* TMA-19
* TMA-20
* TMA-21
* TMA-22

Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)|

* Soyuz TMA-01M
* TMA-02M
* TMA-03M
* TMA-04M
* TMA-05M
* TMA-06M
* TMA-07M
* TMA-08M
* TMA-09M
* TMA-10M
* TMA-11M
* TMA-12M
* TMA-13M
* TMA-14M
* TMA-15M
* TMA-16M
* TMA-17M
* TMA-18M
* TMA-19M
* TMA-20M

Soyuz MS (2016–present)|

* Soyuz MS-01
* MS-02
* MS-03
* MS-04
* MS-05
* MS-06
* MS-07
* MS-08
* MS-09
* MS-10†
* MS-11
* MS-12
* MS-14 (uncrewed test flight)

Current missions|

* Soyuz MS-13
* MS-15

Future missions|

* 2020
* Soyuz MS-16
* MS-17

Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions.

* v
* t
* e

Interkosmos programme

Satellites|

* Interkosmos 1
* Interkosmos 2
* Interkosmos 3
* Interkosmos 4
* Interkosmos 5
* Interkosmos 6
* Interkosmos 7
* Interkosmos 8
* Interkosmos 9
* Interkosmos 10
* Interkosmos 11
* Interkosmos 12
* Interkosmos 13
* Interkosmos 14
* Interkosmos 15
* Interkosmos 16
* Interkosmos 17
* Interkosmos 18
* Interkosmos 19
* Interkosmos 20
* Interkosmos 21
* Interkosmos 22
* Interkosmos 23
* Interkosmos 24
* Interkosmos 25
* Interkosmos 26

Manned flights|

* Soyuz 28
* Soyuz 30
* Soyuz 31
* Soyuz 33
* Soyuz 36
* Soyuz 37
* Soyuz 38
* Soyuz 39
* Soyuz 40
* Soyuz T-6
* Soyuz T-11
* Soyuz TM-3
* Soyuz TM-5
* Soyuz TM-6
* Soyuz TM-7

* v
* t
* e

Orbital launches in 1978

Kosmos 974 | Intelsat IVA F-3 | Soyuz 27 | Kosmos 975 | Kosmos 976 * Kosmos 977 * Kosmos 978 * Kosmos 979 * Kosmos 980 * Kosmos 981 * Kosmos 982 * Kosmos 983 | Kosmos 984 | Kosmos 985 | Progress 1 | Molniya-3 No.20 | Kosmos 986 | Fanhui Shi Weixing 4 | IUE | Kosmos 987 | Kyokko | Kosmos 988 | OPS 6291 | Kosmos 989 | Ume 2 | Kosmos 990 | OPS 5111 | OPS 6031 | Kosmos 991 | Soyuz 28 | Molniya-1-39 | Kosmos 992 | Landsat 3 * OSCAR 8 * PIX-1 | Kosmos 993 | Kosmos 994 | OPS 0460 * OPS 7858 | Kosmos 995 | OPS 9439 * OPS 9440 | Kosmos 996 | Kosmos 997 * Kosmos 998 | Kosmos 999 | Kosmos 1000 | Intelsat IVA F-6 | Kosmos 1001 | Kosmos 1002 | OPS 8790 | Yuri 1 | Kosmos 1003 | HCMM | OPS 6183 | Kosmos 1004 | OTS-2 | Kosmos 1005 | Kosmos 1006 | OPS 5112 | Kosmos 1007 | Kosmos 1008 | Kosmos 1009 | Pioneer Venus Orbiter | Kosmos 1010 | Kosmos 1011 | Kosmos 1012 | Ekran No.13L | Molniya-1-40 | Kosmos 1013 * Kosmos 1014 * Kosmos 1015 * Kosmos 1016 * Kosmos 1017 * Kosmos 1018 * Kosmos 1019 * Kosmos 1020 | Kosmos 1021 | OPS 9454 | Kosmos 1022 | OPS 4515 | Soyuz 29 | GOES 3 | Kosmos 1023 | Seasat | Soyuz 30 | Kosmos 1024 | Kosmos 1025 | Comstar 1C | Kosmos 1026 | Progress 2 | GEOS-2 | Molniya-1-41 | Gran' No.14L | Kosmos 1027 | OPS 7310 | Kosmos 1028 | Progress 3 | Pioneer Venus Multiprobe | ISEE-3 | Ekran No.15L | Molniya-1-41 | Soyuz 31 | Kosmos 1029 | Kosmos 1030 | Venera 11 | Kosmos 1031 | Venera 12 | Jikiken | Kosmos 1032 | Kosmos 1033 | Progress 4 | Kosmos 1034 * Kosmos 1035 * Kosmos 1036 * Kosmos 1037 * Kosmos 1038 * Kosmos 1039 * Kosmos 1040 * Kosmos 1041 | Kosmos 1042 | OPS 5113 | Kosmos 1043 | Molniya-3 No.22 | TIROS-N | Kosmos 1044 | Ekran No.14L | Nimbus 7 * CAMEO | Interkosmos 18 * Magion 1 | Kosmos 1045 * RS-1 * RS-2 | Prognoz 7 | Kosmos 1046 | Einstein | Kosmos 1047 | Kosmos 1048 | NATO 3C | Kosmos 1049 | Kosmos 1050 | Kosmos 1051 * Kosmos 1052 * Kosmos 1053 * Kosmos 1054 * Kosmos 1055 * Kosmos 1056 * Kosmos 1057 * Kosmos 1058 | Kosmos 1059 | Kosmos 1060 | OPS 5114 | OPS 9441 * OPS 9442 | Kosmos 1061 | Kosmos 1062 | Anik B1 * DRIMS | Kosmos 1063 | Gorizont No.11L | Kosmos 1064 | Kosmos 1065 | Kosmos 1066 | Kosmos 1067 | Kosmos 1068 | Kosmos 1069

Payloads are separated by bullets ( * ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

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