Venera 5

Short description: Soviet space probe to Venus in 1969

Venera 5

Seal of Venera 5

Mission type| Venus atmospheric probe
Operator| Lavochkin
COSPAR ID| 1969-001A
SATCAT no.| 3642
Mission duration| Travel: 131 days
Atmosphere: 53 minutes
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft| 2V (V-69) No. 330
Manufacturer| Lavochkin
Launch mass| 1,130 kilograms (2,490 lb)[1]
Dry mass| 410 kilograms (900 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date| 5 January 1969, 06:28:08 (1969-01-05UTC06:28:08Z) UTC [1]
Rocket| Molniya 8K78M
Launch site| Baikonur 1/5
End of mission
Last contact| 16 May 1969 (1969-05-17), 06:54 UT
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Heliocentric
Perihelion altitude| 0.72 AU
Aphelion altitude| 0.98 AU
Inclination| 2.0°
Period| 286 days
Venus atmospheric probe
Atmospheric entry| 16 May 1969, 06:01 UT
Impact site|  [ ⚑ ] 3°S 18°E﻿ / ﻿3°S 18°E﻿ / -3; 18
(24–26 km altitude)

Venera

<- Kosmos 167

Venera 6 ->

Venera 5 (Russian: Венера-5 meaning Venus 5) was a space probe in the Soviet space program Venera for the exploration of Venus.

Venera 5 was launched towards Venus to obtain atmospheric data. The spacecraft was very similar to Venera 4 although it was of a stronger design. The launch was conducted using a Molniya-M rocket, flying from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

When the atmosphere of Venus was approached, a capsule weighing 405 kg (893 lb) and containing scientific instruments was jettisoned from the main spacecraft. During satellite descent towards the surface of Venus, a parachute opened to slow the rate of descent. For 53 minutes on 16 May 1969, while the capsule was suspended from the parachute, data from the Venusian atmosphere were returned.[2] It landed at  [ ⚑ ] 3°S 18°E﻿ / ﻿3°S 18°E﻿ / -3; 18. The spacecraft also carried a medallion bearing the State Coat of Arms of the Soviet Union and a bas-relief of Lenin to the night side of Venus.

Given the results from Venera 4, the Venera 5 and Venera 6 landers contained new chemical analysis experiments tuned to provide more precise measurements of the atmosphere's components. Knowing the atmosphere was extremely dense, the parachutes were also made smaller so the capsule would reach its full crush depth before running out of power (as Venera 4 had done).

## Contents

* 1 Instruments
* 1.1 Spaceship
* 1.2 Lander
* 2 Mission
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Instruments

### Spaceship

* Instrument KS-18-3M to study the flows of cosmic particles;
* Instrument LA-2U to determine the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen in the planet's atmosphere.

### Lander

* Pressure sensors MDDA A to measure atmospheric pressure in the range of 13 to 4,000 kilopascals (100 to 30,000 mmHg);
* G-8 gas analyzers to determine the chemical composition of the atmosphere;
* TTI unit to determine the density of the atmosphere at an altitude;
* FD-69 for atmospheric lighting measurements;
* CE-164D to determine the temperature at the height of the atmosphere.

## Mission

Venera 5 was launched into an Earth parking orbit on 5 January 1969 at 06:28:08 UT and then from a Tyazheliy Sputnik (69-001C) towards Venus. After a mid-course maneuver on 14 March 1969, the probe was released from the bus on 16 May 1969 at a distance of 37,000 kilometers (23,000 mi) from Venus. The probe entered the nightside atmosphere at 06:01 UT and when the velocity slowed to 210 m/s the parachute deployed and transmissions to Earth began.[3] The probe sent read-outs every 45 seconds for 53 minutes[4] before finally succumbing to the temperature and pressure at roughly 320 °C (608 °F) and 2,610 kilopascals (26.1 bar).

The photometer detected a light level of 250 watts per square meter and confirmed the high temperatures, pressures, and carbon dioxide composition of the atmosphere found by Venera 4.[3]

## See also

* List of missions to Venus

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Siddiqi, Asif (2018). Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016 (second ed.). NASA History Program Office. https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf.
2. ↑ Anne Marie Helmenstine, "This Day in Science History – May 16 – Venera 5 'Landing'" , About.com
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Venera 5". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-001A.
4. ↑ "From the Archives (May 17, 1969): Soviet spacecraft lands on Venus" (in en-IN). The Hindu. 17 May 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. https://www.thehindu.com/archives/from-the-archives-may-17-1969-soviet-spacecraft-lands-on-venus/article27152921.ece.

## External links

* Astronautix.com

* v
* t
* e

Venera programme

Flybys|

* Venera 1
* Venera 2

Orbiters|

* Venera 15
* Venera 16

Descent probes|

* Venera 3
* Venera 4
* Venera 5
* Venera 6
* Venera 7

Landers|

* Venera 8
* Venera 9
* Venera 10
* Venera 11
* Venera 12
* Venera 13
* Venera 14

Failed launches|

* Tyazhely Sputnik
* Venera 2MV-1 No.1
* Venera 2MV-1 No.2
* Venera 2MV-2 No.1
* Kosmos 21
* Venera 3MV-1 No.2
* Kosmos 27
* Kosmos 96
* Kosmos 167
* Kosmos 359
* Kosmos 482
* Venera 1964A

Future missions|

* Venera-D

* v
* t
* e

Spacecraft missions to Venus

Active missions|

| Orbiters|

* Akatsuki

|

Flybys|

* Parker Solar Probe (en route)
* BepiColombo (en route)

Past missions|

| Orbiters|

* Magellan
* Pioneer Venus Orbiter
* Venera 9
* 10
* 15
* 16
* Venus Express

|

Flybys|

* Venera 1†
* Mariner 2
* Zond 1†
* Venera 2†
* Mariner 5
* 10
* Venera 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* Vega 1
* 2
* Galileo
* Cassini–Huygens
* MESSENGER
* IKAROS
* Shin-en†

Descent probes|

* Venera 3†
* 4
* 5
* 6
* Pioneer Venus Multiprobe

Landers|

* Venera 7
* 8
* 9
* 10
* 11
* 12
* 13
* 14
* Vega 1
* 2
* Pioneer Venus Small Probes

Balloon probes|

* Vega 1
* 2

Failed launches|

* Tyazhely Sputnik
* Mariner 1
* 2MV-1 No.1
* 2MV-1 No.2
* 2MV-2 No.1
* Kosmos 21
* 3MV-1 No.2
* Kosmos 27
* 96
* 167
* 482

Planned missions|

| Flybys|

* Solar Orbiter (2020)
* Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (2022)
* Dragonfly (2026)

|

Proposed missions|

| Venus missions|

* CUVE
* DAVINCI
* EnVision
* HAVOC
* HOVER
* Shukrayaan-1
* VAMP
* Venera-D
* VERITAS
* VICI
* VISAGE
* VISE
* VOX
* Zephyr

|

Flybys|

* Europa Clipper
* Hayabusa2
* Mercury-P
* Laplace-P
* NASA Uranus orbiter and probe

Cancelled / concepts|

* European Venus Explorer
* Inspiration Mars
* TMK-Mavr
* Venus Orbiting Imaging Radar
* Vesta

Program overviews|

* Venera
* 3MV
* Mariner
* Pioneer Venus
* Vega

Related|

* Colonization
* Observations and explorations
* List of artificial objects on Venus
* List of missions
* Manned Venus flyby
* Terraforming
* VeSpR

* Missions are ordered by launch date. † indicates failure en route or before any data returned.

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera 5. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Astronomy:Venera_5&oldid=179562"
*[no.]: number
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template