Milium (dermatology)

"Milia" redirects here. For other uses, see Milia (disambiguation).

Milia

Other names: Milk spot, oil seed[citation needed]
Milia
Symptoms| Single or multiple small 1-2mm pearly-white bumps usually on face and and around eyes[1]
Usual onset| Any age[2]
Types| Neonatal, primary, juvenile, milia en plaque, traumatic, drug-induced[1]
Causes| Congenital, trauma, topical corticosteroids, dermabrasion, associated with DLE[2]
Diagnostic method| Visualisation, biopsy[1]
Differential diagnosis| Erythropoietic protoporphyria, mucinoses, lipoid proteinosis, adnexal tumors, primary systemic amyloidosis (adults)[3]
Treatment| Usually none,[1] laser therapy, dermabrasion, intense pulsed light, chemical peels, cryotherapy[3]
Frequency| Common[1]

A milium (plural milia), is a small 1-2mm white bump in the skin of typically the face and around the eyes, which can appear on its own or more usually as several.[2] Types include neonatal, primary, juvenile, milia en plaque, traumatic, and drug-induced.[1] They are sometimes on the genitalia, often mistaken by those affected as warts or other sexually transmitted diseases.[citation needed] Milia can also be confused with stubborn whiteheads.[citation needed]

They can be congenital, triggered by trauma, topical corticosteroids or dermabrasion, or associated with discoid lupus erythematosus.[2] It is a clog of the eccrine sweat gland. It is a keratin-filled cyst that can appear just under the epidermis or on the roof of the mouth.[4][5]: 780

Milia are commonly associated with newborn babies but can appear on people of all ages.[6]: 680

In children, milia often but not always disappear within two to four weeks. For adults, they can be removed by a physician (a dermatologist will have specialist knowledge in this area). A common method that a dermatologist will use to remove a milium is to nick the skin with a #11 surgical blade and then use a comedone extractor to press the cyst out.[7][clarification needed]

* Milia

* Milia

* Milia

## See also[edit | edit source]

* List of dermatology terminology

## Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Relative incidence of cutaneous cysts. Milia is labeled at bottom right.

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Milium". dermnetnz.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "16. Cysts, sinuses and pits". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 338\. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Quist, Jennifer; Quist, Sven; Gollnick, Harold (2012). "48. Deposition diseases". In Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L.; Schaffer, Julie V. (eds.). Dermatology. Vol. 1\. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 712–714. ISBN 978-0-7234-3571-6. Archived from the original on 2021-09-25. Retrieved 2021-09-25.
4. ↑ "milium" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
5. ↑ Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.
6. ↑ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
7. ↑ Burnett, Mark E.; Levitt, Jacob O. (2015). "Incision and Drainage (Abscesses, Acne, and Milia)". In Levitt, J.; Sobak, J. (eds.). Safety in Office-Based Dermatologic Surgery. Switzerland: Spring, Cham. pp. 119–128. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13347-8_13.

Classification|

* ICD-10: L72.8 (ILDS L72.830)
* ICD-9-CM: 374.84, 704.8, 706.1
* DiseasesDB: 001367

|

External resources|

* MedlinePlus: 001367
* eMedicine: article/1058063

* v
* t
* e

Disorders of skin appendages

Nail|

* thickness: Onychogryphosis
* Onychauxis

* color: Beau's lines
* Yellow nail syndrome
* Leukonychia
* Azure lunula

* shape: Koilonychia
* Nail clubbing

* behavior: Onychotillomania
* Onychophagia

* other: Ingrown nail
* Anonychia

* ungrouped: Paronychia
* Acute
* Chronic
* Chevron nail
* Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers
* Green nails
* Half and half nails
* Hangnail
* Hapalonychia
* Hook nail
* Ingrown nail
* Lichen planus of the nails
* Longitudinal erythronychia
* Malalignment of the nail plate
* Median nail dystrophy
* Mees' lines
* Melanonychia
* Muehrcke's lines
* Nail–patella syndrome
* Onychoatrophy
* Onycholysis
* Onychomadesis
* Onychomatricoma
* Onychomycosis
* Onychophosis
* Onychoptosis defluvium
* Onychorrhexis
* Onychoschizia
* Platonychia
* Pincer nails
* Plummer's nail
* Psoriatic nails
* Pterygium inversum unguis
* Pterygium unguis
* Purpura of the nail bed
* Racquet nail
* Red lunulae
* Shell nail syndrome
* Splinter hemorrhage
* Spotted lunulae
* Staining of the nail plate
* Stippled nails
* Subungual hematoma
* Terry's nails
* Twenty-nail dystrophy

Hair|

| Hair loss/
Baldness|

* noncicatricial alopecia: Alopecia
* areata
* totalis
* universalis
* Ophiasis

* Androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness)
* Hypotrichosis
* Telogen effluvium
* Traction alopecia
* Lichen planopilaris
* Trichorrhexis nodosa
* Alopecia neoplastica
* Anagen effluvium
* Alopecia mucinosa

* cicatricial alopecia: Pseudopelade of Brocq
* Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia
* Pressure alopecia
* Traumatic alopecia
* Tumor alopecia
* Hot comb alopecia
* Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens
* Graham-Little syndrome
* Folliculitis decalvans

* ungrouped: Triangular alopecia
* Frontal fibrosing alopecia
* Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis

|

Hypertrichosis|

* Hirsutism
* Acquired
* localised
* generalised
* patterned
* Congenital
* generalised
* localised
* X-linked
* Prepubertal

Acneiform
eruption|

| Acne|

* Acne vulgaris
* Acne conglobata
* Acne miliaris necrotica
* Tropical acne
* Infantile acne/Neonatal acne
* Excoriated acne
* Acne fulminans
* Acne medicamentosa (e.g., steroid acne)
* Halogen acne
* Iododerma
* Bromoderma
* Chloracne
* Oil acne
* Tar acne
* Acne cosmetica
* Occupational acne
* Acne aestivalis
* Acne keloidalis nuchae
* Acne mechanica
* Acne with facial edema
* Pomade acne
* Acne necrotica
* Blackhead
* Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei

|

Rosacea|

* Perioral dermatitis
* Granulomatous perioral dermatitis
* Phymatous rosacea
* Rhinophyma
* Blepharophyma
* Gnathophyma
* Metophyma
* Otophyma
* Papulopustular rosacea
* Lupoid rosacea
* Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea
* Glandular rosacea
* Gram-negative rosacea
* Steroid rosacea
* Ocular rosacea
* Persistent edema of rosacea
* Rosacea conglobata
* variants
* Periorificial dermatitis
* Pyoderma faciale

Ungrouped|

* Granulomatous facial dermatitis
* Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma
* Periorbital dermatitis
* SAPHO syndrome

Follicular cysts|

* "Sebaceous cyst"
* Epidermoid cyst
* Trichilemmal cyst
* Steatocystoma
* simplex
* multiplex
* Milia

Inflammation|

* Folliculitis
* Folliculitis nares perforans
* Tufted folliculitis
* Pseudofolliculitis barbae

* Hidradenitis
* Hidradenitis suppurativa
* Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis
* Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis

Ungrouped|

* Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex
* Acroosteolysis
* Bubble hair deformity
* Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis
* Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp
* Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli
* Hair casts
* Hair follicle nevus
* Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy
* Keratosis pilaris atropicans
* Kinking hair
* Koenen's tumor
* Lichen planopilaris
* Lichen spinulosus
* Loose anagen syndrome
* Menkes kinky hair syndrome
* Monilethrix
* Parakeratosis pustulosa
* Pili (Pili annulati
* Pili bifurcati
* Pili multigemini
* Pili pseudoannulati
* Pili torti)
* Pityriasis amiantacea
* Plica neuropathica
* Poliosis
* Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome
* Setleis syndrome
* Traumatic anserine folliculosis
* Trichomegaly
* Trichomycosis axillaris
* Trichorrhexis (Trichorrhexis invaginata
* Trichorrhexis nodosa)
* Trichostasis spinulosa
* Uncombable hair syndrome
* Wooly hair nevus

Sweat
glands|

| Eccrine|

* Miliaria
* Colloid milium
* Miliaria crystalline
* Miliaria profunda
* Miliaria pustulosa
* Miliaria rubra
* Occlusion miliaria
* Postmiliarial hypohidrosis
* Granulosis rubra nasi
* Ross’ syndrome
* Anhidrosis
* Hyperhidrosis
* Generalized
* Gustatory
* Palmoplantar

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Apocrine|

* Body odor
* Chromhidrosis
* Fox–Fordyce disease

Sebaceous|

* Sebaceous hyperplasia

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