Colonial architecture

Short description: Architectural style in former imperial colonies

Danish Fort Dansborg at Tranquebar, built by Ove Gedde in 1620.

Colonial architecture is a hybrid architectural style that arose as colonists combined architectural styles from their country of origin with design characteristics of the settled country. Colonists frequently built houses and buildings in a style that was familiar to them but with local characteristics more suited to their new climate.[1]

In recent years, people in the interior design community are beginning to acknowledge the baggage the term might have - and to explore how the style may be appreciated whilst also acknowledging the harm and trauma of the Colonial era.[2]

Below are links to specific articles about colonial architecture, specifically the modern colonies:

## Contents

* 1 Spanish colonial architecture
* 2 Portuguese colonial architecture
* 3 British colonial architecture
* 4 French colonial architecture
* 5 Dutch colonial architecture
* 6 Italian colonial architecture
* 7 See also
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Spanish colonial architecture

Spanish colonial architecture is still found in the former colonies of the Spanish Empire in the Americas and in the Philippines . In Mexico, it is found in the Historic center of Mexico City, Puebla, Zacatecas, Querétaro, Guanajuato, and Morelia. Antigua Guatemala in Guatemala is also known for its well-preserved Spanish colonial style architecture. Other cities known for Spanish colonial heritage are Ciudad Colonial of Santo Domingo, the ports of Cartagena, Colombia, and Old San Juan in Puerto Rico.

North America

Under construction for more than two centuries, the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral is a mixture of three styles that predominated during the colonial era: Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassic.

* Viceroyalty of New Spain
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico
* New Spanish Baroque
* Spanish Colonial architecture in the United States
* Spanish Colonial Revival architecture

Caribbean

* Spanish West Indies
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Cuba
* Spanish Colonial architecture in the Dominican Republic
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Puerto Rico

South America

* Viceroyalty of Peru, Viceroyalty of New Granada, and Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Argentina
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Chile
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Colombia
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Peru
* Spanish Colonial architecture in Venezuela
* Spanish missions in South America
* Spanish missions in Bolivia
* Paoay Church Ilocos Sur Philippines is a fine example of Spanish Earthquake Baroque only found in the Philippines

Spanish missions in Brazil
* Spanish missions in Paraguay

Asia

* Spanish East Indies
* Spanish Colonial architecture in the Philippines
* Earthquake Baroque
* Bahay na Bato

## Portuguese colonial architecture

Church of Santo António;
b. 1498, Mozambique

Portuguese colonial architecture is most visible in Brazil , Madeira, North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa, Macau, the Malaysian city of Malacca, city of Goa in India, and Moluccas and Java in Indonesia.

* Asia
* Portuguese colonial architecture in India
* Portuguese colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
* Sino-Portuguese architecture
* Centro Histórico de Macau (pt)
* South America
* Portuguese colonial architecture in Brazil

## British colonial architecture

Morgan House is a classic example of colonial Victorian era architecture in Kalimpong, India.

Westover Plantation, an example of Georgian architecture on the eastern James River, in Virginia

British colonial architecture are most visible in North America, the British West Indies, South Asia, Australia , New Zealand and South Africa .

* North America
* American colonial architecture
* Federal Architecture
* First Period
* Colonial Georgian architecture
* British colonial architecture in Canada
* South Asia
* British colonial architecture in India
* British colonial architecture in Pakistan
* Colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
* Australia
* Colonial architecture of Australia
* Federation architecture
* Asia-Pacific
* British colonial architecture in Hong Kong
* British colonial architecture in Singapore
* British Consulate at Takao

## French colonial architecture

Gabriel Peyreaux House in New Orleans, built circa 1780 It is an example of poteaux-sur-solle construction.

French colonial architecture is most visible in North America and Indochina.

* Indochina
* North America
* French colonial architecture in North America
* South Asia
* French colonial architecture in India

## Dutch colonial architecture

Toko Merah, an 18th-century Dutch colonial landmark in Jakarta, shows a typically Dutch high sash windows with split shutters.

Dutch colonial architecture is most visible in Indonesia (especially Java and Sumatra), the United States, South Asia, and South Africa . In Indonesia, formerly Dutch East Indies, colonial architecture was studied academically and had developed into a new tropical architecture form which emphasizes on conforming to the tropical climate of the Indies and not completely imitating the architectural language of the Dutch colonists.

* Indonesia
* Dutch colonial architecture of Indonesia
* Old Indies Style
* Indies Empire style
* New Indies Style
* North America
* Dutch colonial architecture in North America
* Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
* South Asia
* Dutch colonial architecture in India
* Colonial architecture in Sri Lanka
* South Africa
* Cape Dutch architecture

## Italian colonial architecture

Italian colonial architecture is visible in Libya which was colonized by Italy after defeating the Ottoman Army in 1912 during the Italo-Turkish War with huge colonial architecture in the capital Tripoli and in other major cities like Benghazi and Misrata.

Eritrea an Italian colony from 1890 to 1941 when the British occupied it during world war 2 with prominent colonial architecture spanning from styles like Art Deco to Neoclassical architecture spread out from the capital Asmara to the smaller towns of Karen with Italian colonial architecture even being a huge tourist attraction of the country.

Somalia was an Italian colony from 1889 to 1941 and again from 1950 to 1960, like Eritrea Italian colonial architecture was spread out across the country in different architectural styles but with the civil war of 1991 and years of violence after most of the Italian colonial architecture being destroyed or decayed with nowadays only a few buildings existing such as the Vila Somalia where the president resides.

The Greek islands of the Dodecanese which was won over during the Italo - Turkish war like Libya with the largest city of the island Rhodes being built entirely by the Italian colonists and its main government buildings also being built by the Italian colonists.

## See also

* Colonial Revival architecture
* American colonial architecture

## References

1. ↑ Guaita, Ovidio (1999). On distant shores: colonial houses around the world. Monacelli Press. ISBN 9781580930512. https://archive.org/details/ondistantshoresc0000guai. Retrieved January 26, 2014. "world colonial architecture."
2. ↑ "Five Problematic Design Terms You Should Retire or Rethink" (in en-us). 2020-08-11. https://www.housebeautiful.com/lifestyle/a33563921/problematic-design-terms-plantation-colonial-ethnic/.

## External links

* Website on colonial architecture with 29,000 pictures of colonial buildings around the world by Gauvin Alexander Bailey of Queen's University and funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada and the National Endowment for the Humanities

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