Venera 2MV-1 No.2

2MV-1 No.2

Mission type| Venus lander
Operator| OKB-1
Harvard designation| 1962 Alpha Tau 1[1]
COSPAR ID| 1962-043A
SATCAT no.| 381
Mission duration| Launch failure
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type| 2MV-1
Manufacturer| OKB-1
Launch mass| 6,500 kg (14,300 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date| 1 September 1962, 02:12:30 (1962-09-01UTC02:12:30Z) UTC
Rocket| Molniya 8K78 s/n T103-13
Launch site| Baikonur 1/5
End of mission
Decay date| 6 September 1962 (1962-09-07)
Orbital parameters
Reference system| Geocentric
Regime| Low Earth (achieved)
Heliocentric (intended)
Eccentricity| 0.00981
Perigee altitude| 180 kilometres (110 mi)
Apogee altitude| 310 kilometres (190 mi)
Inclination| 64.9 degrees
Period| 89.4 minutes
Epoch| 1 September 1962 (1962-09)

Venera

<- Venera 2MV-1 No.1

Venera 2MV-2 No.1 ->

Venera 2MV-1 No.2,[2][1] also known as Sputnik 20 in the Western world, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Venera programme. Due to a problem with its upper stage it failed to leave low Earth orbit, and reentered the atmosphere a few days later.[3] It was the second of two Venera 2MV-1 spacecraft, both of which failed to leave Earth orbit. The previous mission, Venera 2MV-1 No.1, was launched several days earlier.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Launch
* 2 Satellite designation
* 3 See also
* 4 References

## Launch

Venera 2MV-1 No.2 was launched at 02:12:30 UTC on 1 September 1962, atop a Molniya 8K78 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.[2] The lower stages of the rocket operated nominally, injecting the fourth stage and payload into a low Earth orbit. Following a coast phase, the upper stage was to have ignited around sixty-one minutes and thirty seconds after launch, in order to place the spacecraft into heliocentric orbit. The ignition command did not reach the engine, however, and the fuel valves did not open, so the upper stage failed to ignite leaving the payload in geocentric orbit.[4] It reentered the atmosphere on 6 September 1962, five days after it had been launched.[5]

## Satellite designation

The designations Sputnik 24,[6] and later Sputnik 20, were used by the United States Naval Space Command to identify the spacecraft in its Satellite Situation Summary documents, since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time, and had not assigned it an official name due to its failure to depart Earth orbit.[7]

## See also

* List of missions to Venus

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Krebs, Gunter. "Venera (2a), (2b) (2MV-1 #1, 2)". http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/venera-2mv-1.htm.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt.
3. ↑ Wade, Mark. "Venera". http://www.astronautix.com/project/venera.htm.
4. ↑ Wade, Mark. "Mars 2MV-1". http://www.astronautix.com/m/mars2mv-1.html.
5. ↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt.
6. ↑ "Sputnik 20". https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1962-043A.
7. ↑ Robbins, Stuart J. (11 January 2006). "Soviet Craft - Sputnik". http://filer.case.edu/~sjr16/advanced/20th_soviet_sputnik.html.

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* t
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Venera programme

Flybys|

* Venera 1
* Venera 2

Orbiters|

* Venera 15
* Venera 16

Descent probes|

* Venera 3
* Venera 4
* Venera 5
* Venera 6
* Venera 7

Landers|

* Venera 8
* Venera 9
* Venera 10
* Venera 11
* Venera 12
* Venera 13
* Venera 14

Failed launches|

* Tyazhely Sputnik
* Venera 2MV-1 No.1
* Venera 2MV-1 No.2
* Venera 2MV-2 No.1
* Kosmos 21
* Venera 3MV-1 No.2
* Kosmos 27
* Kosmos 96
* Kosmos 167
* Kosmos 359
* Kosmos 482
* Venera 1964A

Future missions|

* Venera-D

* v
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* e

Orbital launches in 1962

Discoverer 37 | SOLRAD 4 * LOFTI 2A * SECOR * Injun 2 * Surcal 1 | Ranger 3 | TIROS-4 | Mercury-Atlas 6 | FTV-2301 | Discoverer 38 | OSO-1 | Samos 6 | Kosmos 1 | Kosmos 2 | Midas 5 * Westford Drag | FTV-1142 | Ranger 4 | Kosmos 3 | Solrad 4B | Kosmos 4 | Ariel 1 | FTV-2401 | FTV-1125 | ANNA 1A | FTV-1126 | FTV-3501 | Mercury-Atlas 7 (Balloon Subsatellite 1) | FTV-3501 | Kosmos 5 | FTV-1128 | Zenit-2 No.3 | FTV-1127 * OSCAR 2 | FTV-2402 | FTV-2312 | TIROS-5 | FTV-1129 | FTV-1151 | Kosmos 6 | Telstar 1 | FTV-2403 | FTV-1130 | Mariner 1 | FTV-1131 | Kosmos 7 | FTV-1152 | FTV-2404 | Vostok 3 | Vostok 4 | Kosmos 8 | FTV-2502 | Venera 2MV-1 No.1 | Mariner 2 | FTV-1153 | Venera 2MV-1 No.2 | FTV-1132 | Venera 2MV-2 No.1 | FTV-1133 * ERS-2 | TIROS-6 | Kosmos 9 | Alouette 1 * TAVE | FTV-1154 | Explorer 14 | Mercury-Atlas 8 | FTV-1134 | Kosmos 10 | Ranger 5 | Kosmos 11 | Mars 2MV-4 No.1 | 1MS No.2 | STARAD | Explorer 15 | ANNA 1B | Mars 1 | Mars 2MV-3 No.1 | FTV-1136 | FTV-2405 * ERS-1 | FTV-1135 | FTV-1155 | NRL PL120 * Injun 3 * NRL PL121 * Surcal 2 * Calsphere 1 | Relay 1 | FTV-1136 | Explorer 16 | Midas 6 * ERS-3 * ERS-4 | Transit 5A-1 | Kosmos 12

Payloads are separated by bullets ( * ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in brackets.

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