List of felids

Short description: Species in mammal family Felidae

Left to right, top to bottom: tiger (Panthera tigris), Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), serval (Leptailurus serval, cougar (Puma concolor)), fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus), Asian golden cat (Catopuma temminckii), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), and European wildcat (Felis silvestris) Range of Felidae. Blue is the range of Felinae (excluding the domestic cat), green is the range of Pantherinae.

Felidae is a family of mammals in the order Carnivora, colloquially referred to as cats. A member of this family is called a felid.[1][2] The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to domestic cats. The characteristic features of cats have evolved to support a carnivorous lifestyle, with adaptations for ambush or stalking and short pursuit hunting. They have slender muscular bodies, strong flexible forelimbs and retractable claws for holding prey, dental and cranial adaptations for a strong bite, and often have characteristic striped or spotted coat patterns for camouflage.[3][4]

Felidae comprises two extant subfamilies, the Pantherinae and the Felinae. The former includes the five Panthera species tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard, as well as the two Neofelis species clouded leopard and Sunda clouded leopard.[2] The subfamily Felinae includes 12 genera and 34 species, such as the bobcat, caracal, cheetah, cougar, ocelot, and common domestic cat.[5]

Traditionally, five subfamilies have been distinguished within the Felidae based on phenotypical features: the Felinae, the Pantherinae, the Acinonychinae (cheetahs), the extinct Machairodontinae, and the extinct Proailurinae.[6] Molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests that living (extant) felids fall into eight lineages (clades).[7][8] The placement of the cheetah within the Puma lineage invalidates the traditional subfamily Acinonychinae, and recent sources use only two subfamilies for extant genera.[5] The number of accepted species in Felidae has been around 40 since the 18th century, though research, especially modern molecular phylogenetic analysis, has over time adjusted the generally accepted genera as well as the divisions between recognized subspecies, species, and population groups.[9] In addition to the extant species listed here, over 30 fossil genera have been described; these are divided into the subfamilies Felinae, Pantherinae, Proailurinae, and Machairodontinae. This final subfamily includes the genus Smilodon, known as the saber-toothed tiger, which went extinct around 10,000 years ago. The earliest known felid genus is Proailurus, part of Proailurinae, which lived approximately 25 million years ago in Eurasia.[10]

## Contents

* 1 Conventions
* 2 Classification
* 3 Felids
* 3.1 Subfamily Felinae
* 3.1.1 Bay cat lineage
* 3.1.2 Caracal lineage
* 3.1.3 Ocelot lineage
* 3.1.4 Lynx lineage
* 3.1.5 Puma lineage
* 3.1.6 Leopard cat lineage
* 3.1.7 Domestic cat lineage
* 3.2 Subfamily Pantherinae
* 3.2.1 Panthera lineage
* 4 Notes
* 5 References

## Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cat's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "".

## Classification

The family Felidae consists of 41 extant species belonging to 14 genera and divided into 92 subspecies. This does not include hybrid species (such as the liger) or extinct prehistoric species (such as Smilodon). Modern molecular studies indicate that the 14 genera can be grouped into 8 lineages.[9]

Subfamily Felinae: small and medium-sized cats

* Bay cat lineage
* Genus Catopuma: two species
* Genus Pardofelis: one species
* Caracal lineage
* Genus Caracal: two species
* Genus Leptailurus: one species
* Ocelot lineage
* Genus Leopardus: eight species
* Lynx lineage
* Genus Lynx: four species
* Puma lineage
* Genus Acinonyx: one species
* Genus Herpailurus: one species
* Genus Puma: one species
* Leopard Cat lineage
* Genus Otocolobus: one species
* Genus Prionailurus: five species
* Domestic Cat lineage
* Genus Felis: seven species

Subfamily Pantherinae: large cats

* Panthera lineage
* Genus Neofelis: two species
* Genus Panthera: five species

|  Felidae |  Panthera lineage  |  Pantherinae |  |  |

Panthera

|

Neofelis

Felinae |  Bay cat lineage  |  |  |  |

Catopuma

|

Pardofelis

|  Caracal lineage  |  |  |  |

Caracal

|

Leptailurus

|  Ocelot lineage  |  |

Leopardus

|

|  Lynx lineage  |  |

Lynx

|

|  Puma lineage  |  |  |  |  |  |

Puma

|

Herpailurus

Acinonyx

|  Leopard Cat lineage  |  |  |  |

Prionailurus

|

Otocolobus

Felis

Domestic Cat lineage

## Felids

The following classification is based on the most recent proposals, as codified in 2017 by the Cat Specialist Group of the IUCN.[9] Range maps are based on IUCN range data.

### Subfamily Felinae

#### Bay cat lineage

Genus Catopuma – Severtzov, 1858 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Asian golden cat

| C. temminckii
Vigors & Horsfield, 1827

Two subspecies

* C. t. moormensis
* C. t. temminckii

| Scattered areas of Southeast Asia
| Size: 71–105 cm (28–41 in) long, 40–56 cm (16–22 in) tail[11]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, grassland, and shrubland[12]

Diet: Mostly unknown, with evidence of preying on rodents, squirrels, and snakes[12] |  NT

Unknown [12]

Bay cat

| C. badia
Gray, 1874 | The island of Borneo
| Size: 53–67 cm (21–26 in) long, 32–40 cm (13–16 in) tail[13]

Habitat: Forest[14]

Diet: Unknown[14] |  EN

2,200 [14]

Genus Pardofelis – Severtzov, 1858 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Marbled cat

| P. marmorata
Martin, 1836

Two subspecies

* P. m. longicaudata
* P. m. marmorata

| Parts of Southeast Asia
| Size: 45–62 cm (18–24 in) long, 36–55 cm (14–22 in) tail[15]

Habitat: Forest[16]

Diet: Likely preys on rodents, squirrels, and birds[16] |  NT

Unknown [16]

#### Caracal lineage

Genus Caracal – Gray, 1843 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

African golden cat

| C. aurata
Temminck, 1827

Two subspecies

* C. a. aurata
* C. a. celidogaster

| Central Africa
| Size: 65–90 cm (26–35 in) long, 28–35 cm (11–14 in) tail[17]

Habitat: Forest[18]

Diet: Preys mainly on rodents and squirrels, along with antelope and primates[18] |  VU

Unknown [18]

Caracal

| C. caracal
Schreber, 1776

Three subspecies

* C. c. caracals (Southern caracal)
* C. c. nubicus (Northern caracal)
* C. c. schmitzi (Asiatic caracal)

| Most of non-desert Africa and Middle East
| Size: 80–100 cm (31–39 in) long, 20–34 cm (8–13 in) tail[19]

Habitat: Forest, desert, grassland, shrubland, and savanna[20]

Diet: Preys mainly on rodents, as well as antelope, birds, reptiles, and fish[20] |  LC

Unknown [20]

Genus Leptailurus – Severtzov, 1858 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Serval

| L. serval
Schreber, 1776

Three subspecies

* L. s. constantina
* L. s. lipostictus
* L. s. serva

| Non-rainforest sub-Saharan Africa
| Size: 59–100 cm (23–39 in) long, 20–38 cm (8–15 in) tail[21]

Habitat: Grassland, inland wetlands, forest, and savanna[22]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals and rodents, as well as birds, reptiles, and arthropods[22] |  LC

Unknown [22]

#### Ocelot lineage

Genus Leopardus – Gray, 1842 – eight species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Andean mountain cat

| L. jacobita
Cornalia, 1865 | Andes mountains
| Size: 57–65 cm (22–26 in) long, 41–48 cm (16–19 in) tail[23]

Habitat: Rocky areas, shrubland, and grassland[24]

Diet: Primarily preys on rodents, as well as other small mammals[24] |  EN

1,400 [24]

Geoffroy's cat

| L. geoffroyi
d'Orbigny & Gervais, 1844 | Southern and central regions of South America
| Size: 43–88 cm (17–35 in) long, 23–40 cm (9–16 in) tail[25]

Habitat: Savanna, forest, shrubland, and grassland[26]

Diet: Primarily preys on small rodents, birds, and rabbits[26] |  LC

Unknown [26]

Kodkod

| L. guigna
Molina, 1782

Two subspecies

* L. g. guigna
* L. g. tigrillo

| Central and southern Chile
| Size: 37–56 cm (15–22 in) long, 20–25 cm (8–10 in) tail[27]

Habitat: Shrubland and forest[28]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals, especially rodents, and also small marsupials, birds, reptiles, and carrion[28] |  VU

6,000–92,000 [28]

Margay

| L. wiedii
Schinz, 1821

Three subspecies

* L. w. glauculus
* L. w. vigens
* L. w. wiedii

| Most of South America and Central America
| Size: 46–69 cm (18–27 in) long, 23–52 cm (9–20 in) tail[29]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and savanna[30]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals, as well as lizards and birds[30] |  NT

Unknown [30]

Ocelot

| L. pardalis
Linnaeus, 1758

Two subspecies

* L. p. mitis
* L. p. pardalis

| Most of South and Central America, Southwestern United States, Trinidad and Margarita in the Caribbean
| Size: 50–102 cm (20–40 in) long, 30–50 cm (12–20 in) tail[31]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and savanna[32]

Diet: Primarily preys on small and medium mammals, birds and reptiles[32] |  LC

Unknown [32]

Oncilla

| L. tigrinus
Schreber, 1775

Three subspecies

* L. t. oncilla
* L. t. pardinoides
* L. t. tigrinus

| Most of South America
| Size: 38–59 cm (15–23 in) long, 20–42 cm (8–17 in) tail[33]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[34]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals, birds and reptiles[34] |  VU

9,000–10,000 [34]

Pampas cat

| L. colocola
Molina, 1782

Seven subspecies

* L. c. braccatus
* L. c. budini
* L. c. colocola
* L. c. garleppi
* L. c. munoai
* L. c. pajeros
* L. c. wolffsohn

| West coast of South America and parts of Brazil
| Size: 42–79 cm (17–31 in) long, 22–33 cm (9–13 in) tail[35]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and desert[36]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals and ground-dwelling birds[36] |  NT

Unknown [36]

Southern tiger cat

| L. guttulus
Hensel, 1872 | Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay
| Size: 38–59 cm (15–23 in) long, 20–42 cm (8–17 in) tail[37]

Habitat: Forest and savanna[38]

Diet: Preys primarily on small mammals, birds and lizards[38] |  VU

6,000 [38]

#### Lynx lineage

Genus Lynx – Kerr, 1792 – four species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Bobcat

| L. rufus
Schreber, 1777

Two subspecies

* L. r. fasciatus
* L. r. rufus

| Most of the United States and parts of Canada and Mexico
Error creating thumbnail:  | Size: 50–120 cm (20–47 in) long, 9–25 cm (4–10 in) tail[39]

Habitat: Desert, shrubland, savanna, forest, and grassland[40]

Diet: Primarily preys on rabbits, along with rodents and small or medium-sized mammals[40] |  LC

Unknown [40]

Canada lynx

| L. canadensis
Kerr, 1792 | Canada, Alaska, and parts of northern United States
| Size: 73–106 cm (29–42 in) long, 10–15 cm (4–6 in) tail[41]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[42]

Diet: Preys almost exclusively on hares, especially snowshoe hares[42] |  LC

Unknown [42]

Eurasian lynx

| L. lynx
Linnaeus, 1758

Six subspecies

* L. l. balcanicus (Balkan lynx)
* L. l. carpathicus (Carpathian lynx)
* L. l. dinniki (Caucasian lynx)
* L. l. isabellinus (Turkestan lynx)
* L. l. lynx (Northern lynx)
* L. l. wrangeli (Siberian lynx)

| Eastern Europe, Russia, and parts of China
Map of range | Size: 90–120 cm (35–47 in) long, 19–23 cm (7–9 in) tail[43]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, desert, rocky areas, and grassland[44]

Diet: Primarily preys on deer, as well as other small or medium-sized mammals and birds[44] |  LC

Unknown [44]

Iberian lynx

| L. pardinus
Temminck, 1827 | Scattered pockets of Spain and Portugal
| Size: 65–92 cm (26–36 in) long, 11–16 cm (4–6 in) tail[45]

Habitat: Shrubland[46]

Diet: Preys almost exclusively on the European rabbit[46] |  EN

160 [46]

#### Puma lineage

Genus Acinonyx – Brookes, 1828 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Cheetah

| A. jubatus
Schreber, 1775

Four subspecies

* A. j. hecki (Northwest African cheetah)
* A. j. jubatus (Southeast African cheetah)
* A. j. soemmeringii (Northeast African cheetah)
* A. j. venaticus (Asiatic cheetah)

| Southern, eastern, and central Africa; Iran
| Size: 113–140 cm (44–55 in) long, 60–84 cm (24–33 in) tail[47]

Habitat: Desert, grassland, savanna, and shrubland[48]

Diet: Preys mainly upon antelopes and gazelles[48] |  VU

6,700 [48]

Genus Herpailurus  – Saint-Hilaire, 1803 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Jaguarundi

| H. yagouaroundi
Saint-Hilaire, 1803 | Most of South and Central America
| Size: 49–78 cm (19–31 in) long, 28–59 cm (11–23 in) tail[49]

Habitat: Grassland, shrubland, savanna, and forest[50]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals, birds and reptiles[50] |  LC

Unknown [50]

Genus Puma – Jardine, 1834 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Cougar

| P. concolor
Linnaeus, 1771

Two subspecies

* P. c. concolor (South American cougar)
* P. c. couguar (North American cougar)

| South America and North America
| Size: 100–150 cm (39–59 in) long, 60–90 cm (24–35 in) tail[51]

Habitat: Forest, desert, grassland, savanna, and shrubland[52]

Diet: Primarily prey on deer, as well as smaller mammals such as feral pigs, raccoons and armadillos[52] |  LC

Unknown [52]

#### Leopard cat lineage

Genus Otocolobus – Brandt, 1841 – one species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Pallas's cat

| O. manul
Pallas, 1776

Two subspecies

* O. m. manul
* O. m. nigripectus

| Central Asia
| Size: 46–65 cm (18–26 in) long, 21–31 cm (8–12 in) tail[53]

Habitat: Rocky areas, grassland, shrubland, and desert[54]

Diet: Preys primarily on small mammals, especially pikas, as well as rodents and birds[54] |  NT

15,000 [54]

Genus Prionailurus – Severtzov, 1858 – five species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Fishing cat

| P. viverrinus
Bennett, 1833

Two subspecies

* P. v. viverrinus
* P. v. rhizophoreus

| South and Southeast Asia
| Size: 65–85 cm (26–33 in) long, 25–30 cm (10–12 in) tail[55]

Habitat: Inland wetlands, shrubland, grassland, and forest[56]

Diet: Primarily preys on rodents, birds and fish[56] |  VU

Unknown [56]

Flat-headed cat

| P. planiceps
Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 | The Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo, and Sumatra
Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination | Size: 45–52 cm (18–20 in) long, 13–17 cm (5–7 in) tail[57]

Habitat: Inland wetlands and forest[58]

Diet: Preys primarily on fish, as well as birds and small rodents[58] |  EN

2,500 [58]

Leopard cat

| P. bengalensis
Kerr, 1792

Two subspecies

* P. b. bengalensis
* P. b. euptilura

| Eastern Asia
Map of range | Size: 45–65 cm (18–26 in) long, 20–30 cm (8–12 in) tail[59]

Habitat: Grassland, inland wetlands, shrubland, and forest[60]

Diet: Primarily preys on rodents, particularly murids, as well as other small mammals, eels, and fish[60] |  LC

Unknown [60]

Rusty-spotted cat

| P. rubiginosus
Saint-Hilaire, 1834

Three subspecies

* P. r. koladivius
* P. r. phillipsi
* P. r. rubiginosus

| India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal
| Size: 35–48 cm (14–19 in) long, 20–25 cm (8–10 in) tail[61]

Habitat: Desert, savanna, grassland, shrubland, and forest[62]

Diet: Primarily preys on rodents[62] |  NT

Unknown [62]

Sunda leopard cat

Spotted Sunda leopard cat on a branch

| P. javanensis
Desmarest, 1816

Two subspecies

* P. j. javanensis
* P. j. sumatranus

| Sundaland islands of Java, Bali, Borneo, Sumatra, and the Philippines
| Size: 45–65 cm (18–26 in) long, 20–30 cm (8–12 in) tail[59]

Habitat: Forest[63]

Diet: Primarily feeds on rodents, as well as amphibians, lizards, and birds[63][64] |  NE

Unknown

#### Domestic cat lineage

Genus Felis – Linnaeus, 1758 – seven species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

African wildcat

| F. lybica
Forster, 1780

Three subspecies

* F. l. cafra (Southern African wildcat)
* F. l. lybica
* F. l. ornata (Asiatic wildcat)

| Africa, West and Central Asia, northern India, and western China
Map of range | Size: 45–80 cm (18–31 in) long, 30 cm (12 in) tail[65]

Habitat: Forest, desert, shrubland, savanna, and grassland[66]

Diet: Preys on rodents and rabbits, and to a lesser extent birds and other small animals[66] |  LC

Unknown [66]

Black-footed cat

| F. nigripes
Burchell, 1824 | Southern Africa
| Size: 37–52 cm (15–20 in) long, 14–20 cm (6–8 in) tail[67]

Habitat: Savanna, grassland, and desert[68]

Diet: Primarily preys on small mammals and birds[68] |  VU

9,700 [68]

Chinese mountain cat

| F. bieti
Milne-Edwards, 1892 | Northwest China
| Size: 60–85 cm (24–33 in) long, 29–35 cm (11–14 in) tail[69]

Habitat: Grassland and forest[70]

Diet: Unknown[70] |  VU

10,000 [70]

Domestic cat

| F. catus
Linnaeus, 1758 | Worldwide  | Size: 46 cm (18 in) long, 30 cm (12 in) tail[71]

Habitat: Domesticated; feral cats have a cosmopolitan distribution in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands[72]

Diet: Preys primarily on birds and small mammals in the wild[72] |  NE

Over 500 million[73]

European wildcat

| F. silvestris
Schreber, 1777

Two subspecies

* F. s. silvestris
* F. s. caucasica (Caucasian wildcat)

| Spain, Scotland, the Balkans, and Central Europe
| Size: 45–80 cm (18–31 in) long, 30 cm (12 in) tail[74]

Habitat: Shrubland and forest [75]

Diet: Preys on rodents and rabbits, and to a lesser extent birds[75] |  LC

Unknown [75]

Jungle cat

| F. chaus
Schreber, 1777

Three subspecies

* F. c. affinis
* F. c. chaus
* F. c. fulvidina

| India and parts of the Middle East and Southeast Asia
| Size: 58–76 cm (23–30 in) long, 21–27 cm (8–11 in) tail[76]

Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, desert, grassland, shrubland, and savanna[77]

Diet: Preys primarily on small mammals and rodents, as well as birds and other small animals[77] |  LC

Unknown [77]

Sand cat

| F. margarita
Loche, 1858

Two subspecies

* F. m. margarita
* F. m. thinobia

| Scattered areas in Western Africa, Saudi Arabia, and near the Caspian Sea
Map of range | Size: 39–52 cm (15–20 in) long, 22–31 cm (9–12 in) tail[78]

Habitat: Desert[79]

Diet: Preys primarily on small rodents, as well as small birds and lizards[79] |  LC

Unknown [79]

### Subfamily Pantherinae

#### Panthera lineage

Genus Neofelis – Gray, 1867 – two species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Clouded leopard

| N. nebulosa
Griffith, 1821 | Pockets of China and Southeast Asia
| Size: 69–108 cm (27–43 in) long, 61–91 cm (24–36 in) tail[80]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland[81]

Diet: Preys primarily on medium-sized and small mammals on the ground and in trees, as well as birds[81] |  VU

3,700-5,600 [81]

Sunda clouded leopard

| N. diardi
Cuvier, 1823

Two subspecies

* N. d. borneensis (Bornean clouded leopard)
* N. d. diardi (Sumatran clouded leopard)

| Parts of Sumatra and Borneo
| Size: 69–108 cm (27–43 in) long, 61–91 cm (24–36 in) tail[82]

Habitat: Forest[83]

Diet: Preys primarily on medium-sized and small mammals[83] |  VU

4,500 [83]

Genus Panthera – Oken, 1816 – five species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population[lower-alpha 1]

|
|
|
|

Jaguar

| P. onca
Linnaeus, 1758 | Large swathes of South and Latin America, and Arizona in the United States
| Size: 110–170 cm (43–67 in) long, 44–80 cm (17–31 in) tail[84]

Habitat: Forest, shrubland, inland wetlands, savanna, and grassland[85]

Diet: Preys on a variety of mammals, reptiles and birds, preferring ungulates[85] |  NT

Unknown [85]

Leopard

| P. pardus
Linnaeus, 1758

Eight subspecies

* P. p. delacouri (Indochinese leopard)
* P. p. fusca (Indian leopard)
* P. p. kotiya (Sri Lankan leopard)
* P. p. melas (Javan leopard)
* P. p. nimr (Arabian leopard)
* P. p. orientalis (Amur leopard)
* P. p. pardus (African leopard)
* P. p. tulliana (Persian leopard / Anatolian leopard)

| Much of Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, the Caucasus in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Siberia
| Size: 91–191 cm (36–75 in) long, 51–101 cm (20–40 in) tail[86]

Habitat: Forest, desert, rocky areas, grassland, savanna, and shrubland[87]

Diet: Primarily preys on ungulates, as well as other mammals, insects, reptiles, and birds[87] |  VU

Unknown [87]

Lion

| P. leo
Linnaeus, 1758

Two subspecies

* P. l. leo
* P. l. melanochaita

| Sub-Saharan Africa and India
| Size: 137–250 cm (54–98 in) long, 60–100 cm (24–39 in) tail[88]

Habitat: Forest, grassland, shrubland, savanna, and desert[89]

Diet: Primarily preys on ungulates such as antelopes, zebra, and wildebeest, as well as other small to large mammals[89] |  VU

23,000–39,000 [89]

Snow leopard

| P. uncia
Schreber, 1775 | Himalayas reaching north to Mongolia
| Size: 90–120 cm (35–47 in) long, 80–100 cm (31–39 in) tail[90]

Habitat: Shrubland, rocky areas, forest, and grassland[91]

Diet: Primarily preys on caprids such as sheep and goats, as well as small mammals and birds[91] |  VU

2,700–3,400 [91]

Tiger

| P. tigris
Linnaeus, 1758

Two subspecies

* P. t. sondaica (Sunda Island tiger)
* P. t. tigris (Mainland Asian tiger)

| Scattered sections of Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent, and Siberia
| Size: 150–230 cm (59–91 in) long, 90–110 cm (35–43 in) tail[92]

Habitat: Shrubland, forest, and grassland[93]

Diet: Primarily preys on deer and wild pigs, as well as a wide variety of other animals[93] |  EN

2,200–3,200 [93]

## Notes

1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Population figures rounded to the nearest hundred. Population trends as described by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

## References

1. ↑ Salles, L. O. (1992). "Felid phylogenetics: extant taxa and skull morphology (Felidae, Aeluroidea)". American Museum Novitates (3047). OCLC 47720325. http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/5011//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/nov/N3047.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Johnson, W. E.; Dratch, P. A.; Martenson, J. S.; O'Brien, S. J. (1996). "Resolution of recent radiations within three evolutionary lineages of Felidae using mitochondrial restriction fragment length polymorphism variation". Journal of Mammalian Evolution 3 (2): 97–120. doi:10.1007/bf01454358.
3. ↑ Sunquist, M.; Sunquist, F. (2002). Wild Cats of the World. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-77999-7. https://archive.org/details/wildcatsofworld00sunq.
4. ↑ Pocock, R. I. (1917). "VII.—On the external characters of the Felidæ". Journal of Natural History 19 (109): 113−136. doi:10.1080/00222931709486916. OCLC 1056258760.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Felidae". Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–548. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
6. ↑ McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (2000). Classification of Mammals. Columbia University Press. p. 631. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6.
7. ↑ Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (1997). "Phylogenetic reconstruction of the Felidae using 16S rRNA and NADH-5 mitochondrial genes". Journal of Molecular Evolution 44 Suppl 1 (S1): S98–116. doi:10.1007/PL00000060. PMID 9071018. Bibcode: 1997JMolE..44S..98J. https://zenodo.org/record/1232587.
8. ↑ O'Brien, S. J.; Johnson, W. E. (2005). "Big cat genomics". Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 6: 407–429. doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.6.080604.162151. PMID 16124868. https://zenodo.org/record/1235009.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V. et al. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group". Cat News Special Issue 11: 26–29. OCLC 31050555. https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/32616/A_revised_Felidae_Taxonomy_CatNews.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
10. ↑ Werdelin, L.; Yamaguchi, N.; Johnson, W. E.; O'Brien, S. J. (2010). "Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae)". Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids. Oxford University Press. pp. 59–82. ISBN 978-0-19-923445-5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142.
11. ↑ "CatSG: Asiatic Golden Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=117.
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 McCarthy, J.; Dahal, S.; Dhendup, T.; Gray, T. N. E.; Mukherjee, S.; Rahman, H.; Boontua, N.; Wilcox, D. (2015). "Catopuma temminckii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T4038A50651004. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T4038A50651004.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4038/50651004.
13. ↑ "CatSG: Borneo Bay Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=118.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Hearn, A.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Loken, B.; Ross, J.; Wilting, A. (2017). "Catopuma badia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T4037A50650716. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T4037A50650716.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/4037/50650716. |date= / |doi= mismatch
15. ↑ "CatSG: Marbled Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=122.
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Datta, A.; Hearn, A.; Loken, B.; Lynam, A.; McCarthy, J. et al. (2016). "Pardofelis marmorata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T16218A97164299. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T16218A97164299.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/16218/97164299.
17. ↑ "CatSG: African Golden Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=106.
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Bahaa-el-din, L.; Mills, D.; Hunter, L.; Henschel, P. (2015). "Caracal aurata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T18306A50663128. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T18306A50663128.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18306/50663128.
19. ↑ "CatSG: Caracal". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=111.
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Avgan, B.; Henschel, P.; Ghoddousi, A. (2016). "Caracal caracal". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T3847A50650230. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T3847A50650230.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/3847/50650230.
21. ↑ "CatSG: Serval". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=109.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Thiel, C. (2015). "Leptailurus serval". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T11638A50654625. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T11638A50654625.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/11638/50654625.
23. ↑ "CatSG: Andean Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=86.
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Villalba, L.; Lucherini, M.; Walker, S.; Lagos, N.; Cossios, D.; Bennett, M.; Huaranca, J. (2016). "Leopardus jacobita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15452A50657407. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15452A50657407.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15452/50657407.
25. ↑ "CatSG: Geoffroy's Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=90.
26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Pereira, J.; Lucherini, M.; Trigo, T. (2015). "Leopardus geoffroyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T15310A50657011. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T15310A50657011.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15310/50657011.
27. ↑ "CatSG: Guiña". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=92.
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Napolitano, C.; Gálvez, N.; Bennett, M.; Acosta-Jamett, G.; Sanderson, J. (2015). "Leopardus guigna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T15311A50657245. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T15311A50657245.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15311/50657245.
29. ↑ "CatSG: Margay". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=89.
30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 de Oliveira, T.; Paviolo, A.; Schipper, J.; Bianchi, R.; Payan, E.; Carvajal, S. V. (2015). "Leopardus wiedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T11511A50654216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T11511A50654216.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/11511/50654216.
31. ↑ "CatSG: Ocelot". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=88.
32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Paviolo, A.; Crawshaw, P.; Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A.; Kelly, M.; De Angelo, C.; Payan, E. (2016). "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T11509A50653476. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T11509A50653476.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/11509/50653476. |date= / |doi= mismatch
33. ↑ "CatSG: Northern Tiger Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=91.
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Payan, E.; de Oliveira, T. (2016). "Leopardus tigrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T54012637A50653881. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T54012637A50653881.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/54012637/50653881.
35. ↑ "CatSG: Pampas Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=87.
36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 Lucherini, M.; Eizirik, E.; de Oliveira, T.; Pereira, J.; Williams, R. S. R. (2016). "Leopardus colocolo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15309A97204446. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15309A97204446.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15309/97204446.
37. ↑ "CatSG: Southern tiger cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=600.
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 de Oliveira, T.; Trigo, T.; Tortato, M.; Paviolo, A.; Bianchi, R.; Leite-Pitman, M. R. P. (2016). "Leopardus guttulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T54010476A54010576. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T54010476A54010576.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/54010476/54010576.
39. ↑ "CatSG: Bobcat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=96.
40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 Kelly, M.; Morin, D.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A. (2016). "Lynx rufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T12521A50655874. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T12521A50655874.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/12521/50655874.
41. ↑ "CatSG: Canada lynx". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=97.
42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 Vashon, J. (2016). "Lynx canadensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T12518A101138963. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12518A101138963.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/12518/101138963.
43. ↑ "CatSG: Eurasian lynx". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=99.
44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 Breitenmoser, U.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Lanz, T.; von Arx, M.; Antonevich, A.; Bao, W.; Avgan, B. (2017). "Lynx lynx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T12519A121707666. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/12519/121707666. |volume= / |date= mismatch
45. ↑ "CatSG: Iberian lynx". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=98.
46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 Rodríguez, A.; Calzada, J. (2015). "Lynx pardinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T12520A50655794. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T12520A50655794.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/12520/50655794.
47. ↑ "CatSG: Cheetah". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=107.
48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 Durant, S.; Mitchell, N.; Ipavec, A.; Groom, R. (2015). "Acinonyx jubatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T219A50649567. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T219A50649567.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/219/50649567.
49. ↑ "CatSG: Jaguarundi". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=93.
50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 50.2 Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Carvajal, S. V. (2015). "Herpailurus yagouaroundi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T9948A50653167. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T9948A50653167.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/9948/50653167.
51. ↑ "CatSG: Puma". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=94.
52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 Nielsen, C.; Thompson, D.; Kelly, M.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A. (2016). "Puma concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T18868A50663436. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T18868A50663436.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18868/50663436. |date= / |doi= mismatch
53. ↑ "CatSG: Pallas's Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=103.
54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 Ross, S.; Barashkova, A.; Farhadinia, M. S.; Appel, A.; Riordan, P.; Sanderson, J.; Munkhtsog, B. (2016). "Otocolobus manul". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15640A87840229. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15640A87840229.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15640/87840229.
55. ↑ "CatSG: Fishing Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=121.
56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 56.2 Mukherjee, S.; Appel, A.; Duckworth, J. W.; Sanderson, J.; Dahal, S.; Willcox, D. H. A.; Herranz Muñoz, V.; Malla, G. et al. (2016). "Prionailurus viverrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T18150A50662615. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T18150A50662615.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18150/50662615.
57. ↑ "CatSG: Flat-headed Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=119.
58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 58.2 Wilting, A.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Hearn, A.; Lynam, A.; Mathai, J.; McCarthy, J.; Meijaard, E. et al. (2015). "Prionailurus planiceps". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T18148A50662095. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T18148A50662095.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18148/50662095.
59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 "CatSG: Leopard Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=123.
60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 60.2 Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Hearn, A.; Izawa, M.; Loken, B.; Lynam, A.; McCarthy, J. et al. (2015). "Prionailurus bengalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T18146A50661611. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T18146A50661611.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18146/50661611.
61. ↑ "CatSG: Rusty-spotted Cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=120.
62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 Mukherjee, S.; Duckworth, J. W.; Silva, A.; Appel, A.; Kittle, A. (2016). "Prionailurus rubiginosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T18149A50662471. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18149A50662471.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18149/50662471.
63. ↑ 63.0 63.1 Lorica, M. R. P.; Heaney, L. R. (2013). "Survival of a native mammalian carnivore, the leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis Kerr, 1792 (Carnivora: Felidae), in an agricultural landscape on an oceanic Philippine island". Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (10): 4451–4460. doi:10.11609/JoTT.o3352.4451-60. ISSN 0974-7907.
64. ↑ Fernandez, D. A. P.; de Guia, A. P. O. (2011). "Feeding habits of Visayan leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis rabori) in sugarcane fields of Negros Occidental, Philippines". Asia Life Sciences 20 (1): 141–152. ISSN 0117-3375.
65. ↑ "CatSG: African wildcat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=112.
66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 Yamaguchi, N.; Kitchener, A.; Driscoll, C.; Nussberger, B. (2015). "Felis silvestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T60354712A50652361. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T60354712A50652361.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/60354712/50652361.
67. ↑ "CatSG: Black-footed cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=105.
68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 68.2 Sliwa, A.; Wilson, B.; Küsters, M.; Tordiffe, A. (2016). "Felis nigripes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T8542A50652196. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T8542A50652196.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8542/50652196.
69. ↑ "CatSG: Chinese mountain cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=104.
70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 70.2 Riordan, P.; Sanderson, J.; Bao, W.; Sanderson, A.; Shi, K. (2015). "Felis biet". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T8539A50651398. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T8539A50651398.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8539/50651398.
71. ↑ Nowak, Ronald M.; Walker, Ernest P. (2005). Walker's Carnivores of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-8018-8033-9. https://archive.org/details/walkerscarnivore0000nowa/page/237.
72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 Invasive Species Specialist Group (2006). "Ecology of Felis catus". Global Invasive Species Database. Species Survival Commission, International Union for Conservation of Nature. http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=24.
73. ↑ Wade, N. (2007). "Study Traces Cat's Ancestry to Middle East". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/29/science/29cat.html.
74. ↑ "CatSG: European wildcat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=101.
75. ↑ 75.0 75.1 75.2 Herrmann, M.; Kitchener, A.; Meinig, H.; Stubbe, M.; Fernandes, M.; Conroy, J.; Giannatos, G.; Herrero, J. et al. (2017). "Felis silvestris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T60354712A112955994. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/60354712/112955994. |volume= / |date= mismatch
76. ↑ "CatSG: Jungle cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=114.
77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 Gray, T. N. E.; Timmins, R. J.; Jathana, D.; Duckworth, J. W.; Baral, H.; Mukherjee, S. (2016). "Felis chaus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T8540A50651463. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8540A50651463.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8540/50651463.
78. ↑ "CatSG: Sand cat". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=115.
79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 79.2 Sliwa, A.; Ghadirian, T.; Appel, A.; Banfield, L.; Sher Shah, M.; Wacher, T. (2016). "Felis margarita". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T8541A50651884. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T8541A50651884.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/8541/50651884.
80. ↑ "CatSG: Mainland clouded leopard". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=116.
81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 Gray, T.; Borah, J.; Coudrat, C. N. Z.; Ghimirey, Y.; Giordano, A.; Greenspan, E.; Petersen, W.; Rostro-García, S. et al. (2021). "Neofelis nebulosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T14519A198843258. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T14519A198843258.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/14519/198843258.
82. ↑ "CatSG: Sunda clouded leopard". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=225.
83. ↑ 83.0 83.1 83.2 Hearn, A.; Ross, J.; Brodie, J.; Cheyne, S.; Haidir, I. A.; Loken, B.; Mathai, J.; Wilting, A. et al. (2016). "Neofelis diardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T136603A50664601. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T136603A50664601.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136603/50664601. |date= / |doi= mismatch
84. ↑ "CatSG: Jaguar". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=95.
85. ↑ 85.0 85.1 85.2 Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R.; Harmsen, B. (2018). "Panthera onca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T15953A50658693. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15953A50658693.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15953/50658693. |date= / |doi= mismatch
86. ↑ "CatSG: Leopard". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=557.
87. ↑ 87.0 87.1 87.2 Stein, A. B.; Athreya, V.; Gerngross, P.; Balme, G.; Henschel, P.; Karanth, U.; Miquelle, D.; Rostro-Garcia, S. et al. (2016). "Panthera pardus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15954A50659089. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15954A50659089.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15954/50659089.
88. ↑ "CatSG: African lion". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=108.
89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 89.2 Bauer, H.; Packer, C.; Funston, P. F.; Henschel, P.; Nowell, K. (2017). "Panthera leo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15951A107265605. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T15951A107265605.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15951/107265605. |date= / |doi= mismatch
90. ↑ "CatSG: Snow leopard". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=100.
91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 91.2 McCarthy, T.; Mallon, D.; Jackson, R.; Zahler, P.; McCarthy, K. (2017). "Panthera uncia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22732A50664030. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T22732A50664030.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22732/50664030.
92. ↑ "CatSG: Tiger". International Union for Conservation of Nature Cat Specialist Group. http://www.catsg.org/index.php?id=124.
93. ↑ 93.0 93.1 93.2 Goodrich, J.; Lynam, A.; Miquelle, D.; Wibisono, H.; Kawanishi, K.; Pattanavibool, A.; Htun, S.; Tempa, T. et al. (2015). "Panthera tigris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T15955A50659951. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T15955A50659951.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15955/50659951.

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