Timiskaming Graben

Short description: Northwesterly extension of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben

Map of the Ottawa-Bonnechere and Timiskaming grabens

The Timiskaming Graben is a 400 km (250 mi) long and 50 km (31 mi) wide depression straddling the Ontario–Quebec border in Eastern Canada.[1][2] It is a northwesterly extension of the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben, a failed arm of the Saint Lawrence rift system which is related to the opening of the Iapetus Ocean.[3][4][5]

Formation of the Timiskaming Graben corresponded with collapse of the regional crust along the Quinze Dam and Cross Lake faults possibly as early as 2.4 billion years ago. It was then reactivated during periods of crustal extension related to the breakups of supercontinents Rodinia and Pangaea and during compression related to the various orogenies that formed the Appalachian Mountains. The Timiskaming Graben is now partially filled by Lake Timiskaming, a 100 km (62 mi) long successor to the much larger glacial Lake Barlow which drained at the end of the last glacial period about 8,000 years ago.[1]

The Timiskaming Graben is a seismically active structure in the Western Quebec Seismic Zone.[1] Reactivation of faults has resulted in earthquakes, such as the 1935 Timiskaming earthquake.[6]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Doughty, Michael; Eyles, Nick; Daurio, Louise (2010). "Ongoing Neotectonic Activity in the Timiskaming ─ Kipawa Area of Ontario and Québec". Geoscience Canada 37 (3). https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/GC/article/view/18397/19865. Retrieved 2018-08-30.
2. ↑ Doughty, Michael; Eyles, Nick; Eyles, Carolyn (2012). "High‐resolution seismic reflection profiling of neotectonic faults in Lake Timiskaming, Timiskaming Graben, Ontario‐Quebec, Canada". Sedimentology 60 (4): 983–1006. doi:10.1111/sed.12002.
3. ↑ Doughty, M.; Eyles, Carolyn (2009). "Active Neotectonic Structures in Glacial and Postglacial Sediment in Lake Timiskaming, Timiskaming Graben, Ontario/Quebec Canada". AGU Spring Meeting Abstracts 2009: T31A–05. Bibcode: 2009AGUSM.T31A..05D. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/252108799. Retrieved 2018-08-30.
4. ↑ Kumarapeli, S. (1981). "Origin and development of the Ottawa Graben". Processes of Planetary Rifting 457: 114, 115, 116. Bibcode: 1981LPICo.457..114K.
5. ↑ Tremblay, Alain; Lemieux, Yvon (2001). "Supracrustal faults of the St. Lawrence rift system between Cap-Tourmente and Baie-Saint-Paul, Quebec". Current Research 2001-D15. Natural Resources Canada. M44-2001/D15E-IN. ISBN 978-0-662-29890-8. http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/M44-2001-D15E.pdf.
6. ↑ Bent, Allison L. (1994). "Am improved source mechanism for the 1935 Timiskaming, Quebec earthquake from regional waveforms". Pure and Applied Geophysics 146: 5–20. doi:10.1007/BF00876667.

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Major seismically active faults of North America

North America
(crosses national borders)|

* Aleutian Trench (US-RU)
* Basin and Range Province (US-MX)
* Canadian Arctic Rift System (CA-GL)
* Cascadia subduction zone (US-CA)
* Clarendon-Linden fault system (US-CA)
* Denali Fault (US-CA)
* Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (CA-US)
* Puget Sound faults (US-CA)
* Rio Grande rift (US-MX)
* San Andreas Fault (US-MX)
* Southern Great Lakes Seismic Zone (US-CA)
* Tintina Fault (US-CA)

Canada|

* Charlevoix Seismic Zone
* Laurentian Slope Seismic Zone
* Leech River Fault
* Queen Charlotte Fault
* Saguenay Graben
* Saint Lawrence rift system
* Timiskaming Graben
* Western Quebec Seismic Zone

United States|

| Washington and Oregon|

* Brothers Fault Zone
* Olympic-Wallowa Lineament
* Puget Sound (Seattle Fault, Tacoma Fault)
* Walker Lane

|

California|

* Calaveras Fault
* Garlock Fault
* Hayward Fault Zone
* Mendocino Fracture Zone
* Newport–Inglewood Fault
* Puente Hills Fault
* Rose Canyon Fault
* San Jacinto Fault Zone (Elsinore Fault Zone)

Great Basin|

* Independence Valley fault system
* Moab Fault
* Teton Fault
* Wasatch Fault

Great Plains|

* Central Oklahoma Fault Zone
* Humboldt Fault
* Long Point–Eureka Heights fault system
* Meers Fault
* Nemaha Fault Zone
* Wilzetta Fault

Midwest|

* Marianna Fault
* New Madrid Seismic Zone
* Sandwich Fault Zone
* Wabash Valley Seismic Zone

Appalachian Mountains
and Atlantic Coast|

* Aiken-Augusta Fault
* Eastern Tennessee Seismic Zone
* Middleton Place-Summerville Seismic Zone (Woodstock Fault)
* Northern Appalachians Seismic Zone
* Ramapo Fault
* Virginia Seismic Zone

Caribbean & Mexico|

* Cayman Trough
* Chixoy-Polochic Fault
* Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone (Cuba)
* Gulf of California Rift Zone
* Lesser Antilles subduction zone
* Middle America Trench (Central America)
* Motagua Fault (Central America)
* Pedro Miguel Fault
* Puerto Rico Trench

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