Outline of Somaliland

Short description: Overview of and topical guide to Somaliland

The flag of Somaliland

The national emblem of Somaliland

Map of Somaliland An enlargeable map of Somaliland An enlargeable map of Somaliland Blank map of Somaliland

The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to Somaliland:

Somaliland - is an internationally unrecognised country.[1] The government of Somaliland regards the territory as the successor state to the British Somaliland protectorate, which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the State of Somaliland,[2][3] before voluntarily uniting with the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) later the same week to form the Somali Republic.[2][3][4][5][6]

## Contents

* 1 General reference
* 2 Geography of Somaliland
* 2.1 Environment of Somaliland
* 2.1.1 Natural geographic features of Somaliland
* 2.1.2 Ecoregions of Somaliland
* 2.2 Location of Somaliland
* 2.2.1 Administrative divisions of Somaliland
* 2.2.1.1 Regions of Somaliland
* 2.2.1.2 Administrative districts of Somaliland
* 2.2.1.3 Cities in Somaliland
* 2.3 Demography of Somaliland
* 2.4 Presidents of the Somaliland
* 3 Government and politics of Somaliland
* 3.1 Branches of the government of Somaliland
* 3.1.1 Executive branch of the government of Somaliland
* 3.1.2 Legislative branch of the government of Somaliland
* 3.1.3 Judicial branch of the government of Somaliland
* 3.2 Foreign relations of Somaliland
* 3.2.1 International organization membership
* 3.3 Law and order in Somaliland
* 3.4 Military of Somaliland
* 3.5 Local government in Somaliland
* 4 History of Somaliland
* 5 Culture of Somaliland
* 5.1 Art in Somaliland
* 5.2 Sports in Somaliland
* 6 Economy and infrastructure of Somaliland
* 7 Education in Somaliland
* 8 See also
* 9 References
* 10 External links

## General reference

* Common English country name: Somaliland
* Official English country name: The Republic of Somaliland
* Common endonym(s):
* Somali: Somaliland
* Arabic: أرض الصومال
* Common endonym(s):
* Official endonym(s):
* Adjectival(s): Somali
* Demonym(s): Somalilander;
* ISO country codes: **
* ISO region codes: **
* Internet country code top-level domain: None

## Geography of Somaliland

An enlargeable satellite image of Somaliland

* Somaliland is: a country
* Location:
* Eastern Hemisphere, on the Equator
* Africa
* East Africa
* Horn of Africa
* Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)
* Extreme points of Somaliland
* High: Shimbiris 2,450 m (8,038 ft)
* Low: Guban −100 m (−328 ft)
* Land boundaries:

Djibouti 60 km
Ethiopia 766 km
Somalia 402 km

* Coastline: 850,800 km

* Population of Somaliland: 3.5 million
* Area of Somaliland: 176,120  km2
* Atlas of Somaliland

### Environment of Somaliland

An enlargeable Geographic map of Somaliland

* Climate of Somaliland
* Environmental issues in Somaliland
* Ecoregions in Somaliland
* Protected areas of Somaliland
* National parks of Somaliland
* Wildlife of Somaliland
* Flora of Somaliland
* Fauna of Somaliland
* Birds of Somaliland

#### Natural geographic features of Somaliland

* Glaciers in Somaliland: none
* Rivers of Somaliland

#### Ecoregions of Somaliland

List of ecoregions in Somaliland

### Location of Somaliland

* Republic of Somaliland is situated within the following regions:
* Eastern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere
* Africa
*         * Horn of Africa
* Republic of Somaliland is regarded internationally as a fully autonomous country claimed by Somalia, although it meets all criteria of Montevideo Convention.[7][8]
* Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)

#### Administrative divisions of Somaliland

Administrative divisions of Somaliland

* Regions of Somaliland
* Districts of Somaliland
* Cities in Somaliland

##### Regions of Somaliland

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationMap of Somaliland regions

Regions of Somaliland

* Awdal
* Maroodi Jeeh
* Sahil
* Sool
* Togdheer
* Sanaag

##### Administrative districts of Somaliland

Map of Somaliland districts

The regions are divided into eighteen administrative districts.

* Sheikh
* Berbera
* Baki
* Borama
* Zeila
* Lughaya
* Aynabo
* Las Anod
* Taleh
* Hudun
* Odweyne
* Buhoodle
* Gabiley
* Hargeisa
* Burao
* El Afweyn
* Erigavo
* Lasqoray

##### Cities in Somaliland

The main cities and towns in Somaliland:

* Hargeisa (Hargeysa), capital
* Boorama (Borama)
* Berbera
* Burco (Burao)
* Ceerigaabo (Erigabo)
* Dilla
* Las Anod (Laascaanood)
* Gabiley (Gabileh)
* Baligubadle
* Zeila (Saylac)
* Odweyne
* Yubbe
* Badhan
* Lasqoray

### Demography of Somaliland

Demographics of Somaliland

### Presidents of the Somaliland

* Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur: 1991–1993
* Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal: 1993–2002
* Dahir Riyale Kahin: 2002–2010
* Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud: 2010–2017
* Muse Bihi Abdi: 2017–

## Government and politics of Somaliland

Somaliland Presidential Palace - Qasriga Madaxtooyada JSL Dispute updated as of December 2016

Politics of Somaliland

* Form of government:
* Capital of Somaliland: Hargeisa
* Elections in Somaliland
* Political parties in Somaliland

### Branches of the government of Somaliland

Government of Somaliland

#### Executive branch of the government of Somaliland

* Head of state and head of government, 5th President of Somaliland, Muse Bihi Abdi
* 6th Vice President of Somaliland, Abdirahman Saylici
* Cabinet of Somaliland

#### Legislative branch of the government of Somaliland

* Parliament of Somaliland (bicameral)

#### Judicial branch of the government of Somaliland

Judiciary of Somaliland

### Foreign relations of Somaliland

Foreign relations of Somaliland

* Diplomatic missions in Somaliland
* Diplomatic missions of Somaliland

#### International organization membership

* None[9]

### Law and order in Somaliland

Judiciary of Somaliland

* Alcohol in Somaliland
* Cannabis in Somaliland
* Capital punishment in Somaliland
* Constitution of Somaliland
* Crime in Somaliland
* Kidnapping and hostage taking in Somaliland
* Human rights in Somaliland
* LGBT rights in Somaliland
* Law enforcement in Somaliland
* Marriage in Somaliland
* Polygamy in Somaliland
* Xeer

### Military of Somaliland

Military of Somaliland

* Command
* Commander-in-chief: Nuh Ismail Tani
* Ministry of Defence of Somaliland
* Forces
* Army of Somaliland
* Navy of Somaliland
* National Intelligence Agency (Somaliland)

### Local government in Somaliland

Local government in Somaliland

## History of Somaliland

Agreements and Exchanges of Letters between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Somaliland in connexion with the Attainment of Independence by Somaliland[10]

History of Somaliland

* State of Somaliland
* Somaliland Declaration of Independence2001 Somaliland constitutional referendum
* 2001 Somaliland constitutional referendum
* Current events of Somaliland
* Puntland–Somaliland dispute

## Culture of Somaliland

Culture of Somaliland

* Architecture of Somaliland
* Cuisine of Somaliland
* Languages of Somaliland
* Media in Somaliland
* National symbols of Somaliland
* Coat of arms of Somaliland
* Flag of Somaliland
* National anthem of Somaliland
* Public holidays in Somaliland
* Religion in Somaliland
* Islam in Somaliland
* Christianity in Somaliland
* Roman Catholicism in Somaliland

### Art in Somaliland

* Somali art
* Cinema of Somaliland
* Somaliwood
* Literature of Somaliland
* Music of Somaliland

### Sports in Somaliland

Sports in Somaliland

* Somaliland national football team
* Somaliland League
* Somaliland Cup
* Somaliland Football
* Somaliland national basketball team

## Economy and infrastructure of Somaliland

Economy of Somaliland

* Agriculture in Somalia
* Banking in Somaliland
* Bank of Somaliland
* Communications in Somaliland
* Internet in Somaliland
* Companies of Somaliland
* Currency of Somaliland: Shilling
* ISO 4217: None
* Economic history of Somaliland
* Energy in Somaliland
* Health care in Somaliland
* Mining in Somaliland
* Somaliland Stock Exchange
* Tourism in Somaliland
* Telecommunications in Somaliland
* Transport in Somaliland
* Airports in Somaliland

## Education in Somaliland

Education in Somaliland

* National Library of Somaliland
* Universities in Somaliland

## See also

Somaliland

* Index of Somaliland-related articles
* List of international rankings
* List of Somaliland-related topics
* Outline of Africa
* Outline of geography

## References

1. ↑ "The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic". University of Pretoria. 2004-02-01. http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/countries/docs/charterfeb04.pdf. "The Somali Republic shall have the following boundaries. (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia. (d) South south-west; Kenya. (e) East; Indian Ocean."
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Somaliland Marks Independence After 73 Years of British Rule" (fee required). The New York Times: p. 6. 1960-06-26. https://www.nytimes.com/1960/06/26/archives/somaliland-marks-independence-after-73-years-of-british-rule.html.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "How Britain said farewell to its Empire". BBC News. 2010-07-23. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-10740852.
4. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835
5. ↑ "The dawn of the Somali nation-state in 1960". Buluugleey.com. http://www.buluugleey.com/warkiidanbe/Governance.htm.
6. ↑ "The making of a Somalia state". Strategypage.com. 2006-08-09. http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htwin/articles/20060809.aspx.
7. ↑ "The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic". University of Pretoria. 2004-02-01. http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/countries/docs/charterfeb04.pdf. "The Somali Republic shall have the following boundaries. (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia. (d) South south-west; Kenya. (e) East; Indian Ocean."
8. ↑ Gettleman, Jeffrey (2009-06-02). "No Winner Seen in Somalia's Battle With Chaos". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/02/world/africa/02somalia.html.
9. ↑ CIA - The World Factbook - Somalia
10. ↑ http://foto.archivalware.co.uk/data/Library2/pdf/1960-TS0044.pdf [bare URL PDF]

## External links

* Somaliland official website
* Democracy Comes of Age in Somaliland Contemporary Review, 2005, Stefan Simanowitz
* Somaliland BBC Country Profile
* Somaliland - Interest free but not yet Shari’ah-compliant economy
* United Kingdom parliamentary debate on recognition of Somaliland, February 4, 2004 led by Tony Worthington
* Somaliland recognition finds enhanced support

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