Molybdenum(III) chloride

Molybdenum(III) chloride  |

α-MoCl3

β-MoCl3

|

Names
IUPAC names

Molybdenum(III) chloride
Molybdenum trichloride

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 13478-18-7 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 75350

EC Number |

* 236-775-9

PubChem CID

* 83515

UNII |

* 9D9PY7688B Y

InChI

* InChI=1S/3ClH.Mo/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3

Key: ZSSVQAGPXAAOPV-UHFFFAOYSA-K

* InChI=1/3ClH.Mo/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3

Key: ZSSVQAGPXAAOPV-DFZHHIFOAN

SMILES

* Cl[Mo](Cl)Cl

Properties

Chemical formula

| MoCl3
Molar mass | 202.30 g/mol
Appearance  | dark red solid
paramagnetic
Density | 3.58 g/cm3
Melting point |  410 °C (770 °F; 683 K) (decomposes)

Solubility in water

| insoluble
Solubility | insoluble in ethanol, diethyl ether

Magnetic susceptibility (χ)

| +43.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Flash point | Non-flammable
Related compounds

Other anions

| Molybdenum(III) fluoride
Molybdenum(III) bromide
Molybdenum(III) iodide

Other cations

| Chromium(IV) chloride
Tungsten(V) chloride

Related molybdenum chlorides

| Molybdenum(II) chloride
Molybdenum(IV) chloride
Molybdenum(V) chloride

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Tracking categories (test):

* PairSizeSet

Molybdenum(III) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula MoCl3. It forms purple crystals.[1]

## Synthesis and structure

Molybdenum(III) chloride is synthesized by the reduction of molybdenum(V) chloride with hydrogen.[2] A higher yield is produced by the reduction of pure molybdenum(V) chloride with anhydrous tin(II) chloride as the reducing agent.[3]

Molybdenum trichloride exists as two polymorphs: alpha (α) and beta (β). The alpha structure is similar to that of aluminum chloride (AlCl3). In this structure, molybdenum has octahedral coordination geometry and exhibits cubic close-packing in its crystalline structure. The beta structure, however, exhibits hexagonal close packing.[4]

## Ether complexes

Molybdenum trichloride gives a ether complexes MoCl3(thf)3 and MoCl3(Et2O)3. They are beige, paramagnetic solids. Both feature octahedral Mo centers. The diethyl ether complex is synthesized by reducing a Et2O solution of MoCl5 with tin powder.[5] Older procedures involve stepwise reduction involving isolation of the Mo(IV)-thf complex.[6]

Hexa(tert-butoxy)dimolybdenum(III) is prepared by the salt metathesis reaction from MoCl3(thf)3:[7]

2 MoCl3(thf)3 \+ 6 LiOBu-t → Mo2(OBu-t)6 \+ 6 LiCl + 6 thf

## References

1. ↑ Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds (2nd ed.). Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis. pp. 279. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.
2. ↑ "Preparation of Trichloride and Tetrachloride of Molybdenum". Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards Section A 63A (2): 185–188. 1959. doi:10.6028/jres.063A.013. PMID 31216151.
3. ↑ Larson, Melvin L. (1970). "Preparation of Some Metal Halides- Anhydrous Molybdenum Halides and Oxide Halides - A Summary". Inorganic Syntheses. 12. pp. 178–181.
4. ↑ "Structural and scanning microscopy studies of layered compounds MCl3 (M= Mo, Ru, Cr) and MOCl2 (M= V, Nb, Mo, Ru, Os)". Journal of Alloys and Compounds 246 (1–2): 70–79. 1997. doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(96)02465-6.
5. ↑ Maria, Sébastien; Poli, Rinaldo (2014). "Ether Complexes of Molybdenum(III) and Molybdenum(IV) chlorides". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 15–18. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch03. ISBN 9781118744994. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02042499/file/332-10.1002-9781118744994.ch03-Accepted.pdf.
6. ↑ Dilworth, Jonathan R.; Richards, Raymond L. (1990). "The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. Inorganic Syntheses. 28. pp. 33–43. doi:10.1002/9780470132593.ch7. ISBN 9780470132593.
7. ↑ Broderick, Erin M.; Browne, Samuel C.; Johnson, Marc J. A. (2014). "Dimolybdenum and Ditungsten Hexa(Alkoxides)". Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36. Inorganic Syntheses. 36. pp. 95–102. doi:10.1002/9781118744994.ch18. ISBN 9781118744994.

* v
* t
* e

Molybdenum compounds

Mo(0)|

* Mo(CO)6

Mo(II)|

* MoBr2
* MoCl2
* MoSi2

Mo(III)|

* MoBr3
* MoCl3
* MoI3
* Mo2O3

Mo(IV)|

* MoCl4
* MoF4
* MoO2
* MoS2

Mo(V)|

* MoCl5
* MoF5
* Mo2O5

Mo(VI)|

* MoF6
* MoO3
* MoS3

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the chloride ion

HCl |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiCl | BeCl2 | BCl3
B2Cl4 | CCl4 | NCl3
ClN3 | Cl2O
ClO2
Cl2O7 | ClF
ClF3
ClF5 | Ne
NaCl | MgCl2 | AlCl
AlCl3 | SiCl4 | P2Cl4
PCl3
PCl5 | S2Cl2
SCl2
SCl4 | Cl2 | Ar
KCl | CaCl
CaCl2 | ScCl3 | TiCl2
TiCl3
TiCl4 | VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VCl5 | CrCl2
CrCl3
CrCl4 | MnCl2 | FeCl2
FeCl3 | CoCl2
CoCl3 | NiCl2 | CuCl
CuCl2 | ZnCl2 | GaCl2
GaCl3 | GeCl2
GeCl4 | AsCl3
AsCl5 | Se2Cl2
SeCl4 | BrCl | KrCl
RbCl | SrCl2 | YCl3 | ZrCl3
ZrCl4 | NbCl4
NbCl5 | MoCl2
MoCl3
MoCl4
MoCl5
MoCl6 | TcCl4 | RuCl3 | RhCl3 | PdCl2 | AgCl | CdCl2 | InCl
InCl2
InCl3 | SnCl2
SnCl4 | SbCl3
SbCl5 | Te3Cl2
TeCl4 | ICl
ICl3 | XeCl
XeCl2
CsCl | BaCl2 |  | HfCl4 | TaCl5 | WCl2
WCl3
WCl4
WCl5
WCl6 | Re3Cl9
ReCl4
ReCl5
ReCl6 | OsCl4 | IrCl2
IrCl3
IrCl4 | PtCl2
PtCl4 | AuCl
AuCl3 | Hg2Cl2,
HgCl2 | TlCl | PbCl2,
PbCl4 | BiCl3 | PoCl2,
PoCl4 | AtCl  | RnCl2
FrCl | RaCl2 |  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og
| ↓  |  |
LaCl3 | CeCl3 | PrCl3 | NdCl2,
NdCl3 | PmCl3 | SmCl2,
SmCl3 | EuCl2,
EuCl3 | GdCl3 | TbCl3 | DyCl2,
DyCl3 | HoCl3 | ErCl3 | TmCl2
TmCl3 | YbCl2
YbCl3 | LuCl3
AcCl3 | ThCl4 | PaCl5 | UCl3
UCl4
UCl5
UCl6 | NpCl4 | PuCl3 | AmCl2
AmCl3 | CmCl3 | BkCl3 | CfCl3 | EsCl3 | Fm  | Md  | No  | LrCl3

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