Election administration in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania 2026 elections

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Election Information
Voter registration
Early voting
Absentee/mail-in voting
All-mail voting
Voter ID laws
State poll opening and closing times
Time off work for voting

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Election administration encompasses a state's voting policies, procedures, and enforcement. These include voter identification requirements, early and absentee/mail-in voting provisions, voter list maintenance methods, and more. Each state's voting policies dictate who can vote and under what conditions.

THE BASICS

* Pennsylvania permits online voter registration.

* Pennsylvania uses automatic voter registration

* Pennsylvania permits no-excuse early voting.

* In Pennsylvania, polls are open from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.

* Pennsylvania does not require identification to vote except for first-time voters.

* Pennsylvania holds closed primary elections.

* Pennsylvania has tools for verifying voter registration and checking the status of provisional ballots.

Below, you will find details on the following election administration topics in Pennsylvania:

* Poll times
* Voter registration
* Early and absentee/mail-in voting policy[1]
* Voter identification requirements
* Provisional ballot rules
* Primary election type
* Time off work for voting
* Electioneering
* Voting rules for people convicted of a felony

* Voter list maintenance
* Post-election auditing
* Election administration authorities
* Noteworthy events
* Election policy ballot measures
* Election policy legislation
* Ballot access
* Redistricting
* Contact information

## Contents

* 1 Poll times
* 2 Voter registration
* 2.1 Automatic registration
* 2.2 Online registration
* 2.3 Same-day registration
* 2.4 Residency requirements
* 2.5 Verification of citizenship
* 2.6 Verifying your registration
* 3 Early and absentee/mail-in voting policy
* 3.1 Early voting
* 3.2 Absentee/mail-in voting
* 3.2.1 Returning absentee/mail-in ballots
* 3.2.2 Drop box availability
* 3.2.3 Signature requirements and cure provisions
* 3.2.4 Was your absentee/mail-in ballot counted?
* 4 Voter identification requirements
* 5 Provisional ballot rules
* 5.1 Was your provisional ballot counted?
* 6 Primary election type
* 7 Time off work for voting
* 8 Electioneering
* 9 Voting rules for people convicted of a felony
* 10 Voter list maintenance
* 10.1 When names can be removed from the voter list
* 10.2 Inactive voter list rules
* 10.3 The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)
* 11 Post-election auditing
* 12 Election administration authorities
* 12.1 State election officials
* 12.2 Local election officials
* 13 Noteworthy events
* 13.1 Federal court blocks ballot dating law (2025)
* 13.2 U.S. Supreme Court rejects RNC's application to stay state supreme court order allowing provisional voting by voters whose "naked" absentee ballots were rejected (2024)
* 13.3 Court vacates lower court decision on undated and wrong dated mail ballots (2024)
* 13.4 Court rules on undated and wrong dated mail ballots (2022-2023)
* 13.5 Pennsylvania Supreme Court rules on lawsuit over mail voting (2022)
* 13.6 Absentee, registration, and voting rule changes (2019)
* 13.7 Secretary of State requires voting machines with paper record (2018)
* 14 Election policy ballot measures
* 15 Recent legislation related to election administration in Pennsylvania
* 15.1 Explore election legislation with Ballotpedia
* 16 Ballot access
* 17 Redistricting
* 17.1 State process
* 18 Contact information
* 18.1 Election agencies
* 19 Ballotpedia's election coverage
* 20 See also
* 20.1 Elections in Pennsylvania
* 21 External links
* 22 Footnotes

## Poll times[edit]

See also: State poll opening and closing times

In Pennsylvania, all polls are open from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Eastern Time. Anyone in line when the polls close must be allowed to vote.[2]

## Voter registration[edit]

Check your voter registration status here.

To register to vote in Pennsylvania, an applicant must be a citizen of the United States for at least one month before the next election, a resident of the district in which he or she is registering for at least 30 days before the next election, and at least 18 years old by the day of the next election.[3][4] The deadline for registering to vote is 15 days before the election.[3][5]

Registration can be done online, in person, or by mail. Prospective voters can register in person at the county voter registration office or at a number of state agencies, including Pennsylvania Department of Transportation centers.[6] The Pennsylvania voter registration application is available online and can be mailed to the county voter registration office.[7] On September 19, 2023, Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro (D) announced that the state had implemented automatic voter registration.[8]

### Automatic registration[edit]

See also: Automatic voter registration

Pennsylvania practices automatic voter registration.[9] Eligible individuals applying for or renewing a driver's license or ID card are automatically registered to vote.[8]

### Online registration[edit]

See also: Online voter registration

Pennsylvania implemented an online voter registration system in 2015.[10] Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.

### Same-day registration[edit]

See also: Same-day voter registration

Pennsylvania does not allow same-day voter registration.[11]

### Residency requirements[edit]

Prospective voters must be "a resident of Pennsylvania and your election district for at least 30 days before the next election," according to the Pennsylvania Department of State.[3]

### Verification of citizenship[edit]

See also: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States

Pennsylvania does not require proof of citizenship for voter registration. An individual applying to register to vote must attest that they are a U.S. citizen under penalty of perjury.[3]

All 49 states with voter registration systems require applicants to declare that they are U.S. citizens in order to register to vote in state and federal elections, under penalty of perjury or other punishment.[12] Seven states — Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Wyoming — have laws requiring verification of citizenship at the time of voter registration, whether in effect or not. One state, Ohio, requires proof of citizenship only when registering to vote at a Bureau of Motor Vehicles facility. In three states — California, Maryland, and Vermont — at least one local jurisdiction allows noncitizens to vote in some local elections. Noncitizens registering to vote in those elections must complete a voter registration application provided by the local jurisdiction and are not eligible to register as state or federal voters.

### Verifying your registration[edit]

The Pennsylvania Department of State allows residents to check their voter registration status online by visiting this website.

## Early and absentee/mail-in voting policy[edit]

### Early voting[edit]

See also: Early voting

Pennsylvania voters can cast mail ballots in person. According to the Pennsylvania Department of State's Office of Communications and Press, "Once a county’s ballots are finalized and printed, a registered voter can apply for their mail ballot in person at their county election office, complete it, then submit it all in one visit. Voters should check their county's website to see when they have final ballots available and what hours their election office is open."[13][14] For more information, visit this website.

Early voting permits citizens to cast ballots in person at a polling place prior to an election. In states that permit no-excuse early voting, a voter does not have to provide an excuse for being unable to vote on Election Day. States that allow voters to cast no-excuse absentee/mail-in ballots in person are counted as no-excuse early voting states.

Forty-seven states and the District of Columbia permit no-excuse early voting.

### Absentee/mail-in voting[edit]

See also: Absentee/mail-in voting

All Pennsylvania voters are eligible to cast mail-in ballots.[15] Voters who will be away from their municipality on Election Day or have a disability or illness that prevents them from going to the polls may request an absentee ballot, which requires an excuse.[16]

A voter's application for a mail-in or absentee ballot must be received by the county election office seven days before an election. If a voter encounters an emergency, such as an unexpected illness, disability, or last-minute absence, they may apply for an emergency absentee ballot after 5 p.m. on the Tuesday before the election. The deadline to apply for an emergency ballot is 8 p.m. on election night.[17]

A completed ballot must be returned by 8 p.m. on Election Day to be counted.[16]

All states allow for some form of absentee/mail-in voting. Seven states and the District of Columbia had automatic mail-in ballot systems that mandate that all eligible voters receive an absentee/mail ballot by default. An eighth state, Vermont, had such a system for general elections only.

Twenty-eight states allow any eligible voter to cast an absentee/mail-in ballot. The remaining 14 states required voters to provide an excuse to receive and cast an absentee/mail ballot. Acceptable excuses vary by state.

#### Returning absentee/mail-in ballots[edit]

See also: Ballot collection laws by state

Voters must return their absentee/mail-in ballots by 8 p.m. on Election Day. Ballots must be received by this deadline. Ballots may be returned by mail or in person. Voters generally must return their own absentee ballot unless they are disabled, ill, or applied for an emergency absentee ballot. In those cases, a voter may issue written authorization for another person, including, if no other person is available, a deputy sheriff, to return the ballot on their behalf.[16][18]

Twenty states allow anyone chosen by the voter to return a ballot on the voter's behalf, with certain exceptions, while 16 states allow anyone with certain relationships to the voter to return the voter's ballot. Four states allow only the voter to return the voter's ballot, with certain exceptions, and two states required voters to return their ballots by mail. Eight states and D.C. do not specify who may return ballots.

#### Drop box availability[edit]

Pennsylvania does not have a state law governing drop boxes. As of December 2025, 29 counties used drop boxes.[19] For more information on where to return a ballot in your county, click here.

#### Signature requirements and cure provisions[edit]

Absentee/mail-in ballots in Pennsylvania include a set of return envelopes printed with a declaration that must be signed by the voter for the ballot to be counted.[20] Pennsylvania law does not include a cure provision, or a procedure allowing voters to correct an issue with the signature on their absentee/mail-in ballot.[16] According to the Pennsylvania Secretary of State, "Under Pennsylvania law, counties are not required to allow voters to address errors on envelopes that have been returned to their county, but they are permitted to do so."[20]

Thirty-three states have laws that include cure provisions, while 17 states do not. One state, Pennsylvania, allows counties to establish a cure process.

#### Was your absentee/mail-in ballot counted?[edit]

Pennsylvania voters can use the absentee/mail-in ballot tracking tool provided by the Pennsylvania Department of State to check the status of their ballot.

## Voter identification requirements[edit]

See also: Voter ID in Pennsylvania
See also: Voter identification laws by state

The federal Help America Vote Act requires that individuals in all 50 states who register to vote by mail and who have not voted previously in a federal election in their state must provide either their driver's license or a paycheck, bank statement, current utility bill, or government document showing their name and address. Individuals voting by mail must include a copy of one of those documents with their absentee/mail-in ballot.[21]

These requirements do not apply if an individual submitted a copy of their identification, their driver's license number or the last four digits of their Social Security number when registering to vote. Pennsylvania does not generally require voters to present identification while voting. However, a voter who is voting at a polling place for the first time must present identification.[22]

Voters can present the following forms of identification. This list was current as of December 2025. Click here to ensure you have current information.

“  | When voting at a polling place for the first time, you must show proof of identification, either with photo or other ID.

You may use one of the following forms of photo identification, so long as it is not expired, canceled, or revoked:

* Pennsylvania driver’s license or PennDOT ID card
* ID issued by any Commonwealth agency
* ID issued by the U.S. Government
* U.S. passport
* U.S. Armed Forces ID
* Student ID
* Employee ID

If you do not have a photo ID, you can use a non-photo identification that includes your name and address.

* Confirmation issued by the county voter registration office, such as a voter registration card
* Non-photo ID issued by the Commonwealth
* Non-photo ID issued by the U.S. Government
* Firearm permit
* Current utility bill
* Current bank statement
* Paycheck
* Government check[23]

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Thirty-six states require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Of these states, 24 require voters to present identification containing a photograph, and 12 accept other forms of identification. The remaining 14 states do not require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day.

Valid forms of identification differ by state. In certain states that require voters to provide identification, there may be exceptions that allow some voters to cast a ballot without providing an ID. To see more about these exceptions, see details by state. Commonly accepted forms of ID include driver's licenses, state-issued identification cards, and military identification cards.

## Provisional ballot rules[edit]

Voters in Pennsylvania are given provisional ballots, or ballots requiring additional steps or information before they can be counted, under the following circumstances:[24]

“  |

* Your name was not in the poll book or supplemental poll book.
* For example, you reported to the wrong precinct; or
* You did not report a recent change in residence to the county election office.
* You are required to show ID, but cannot show ID.
* Your eligibility was challenged by an election official.
* You were issued an absentee or mail-in ballot but believe you did not successfully vote that ballot, and you do not surrender your ballot and outer return envelope at the polling place to be spoiled.
* You returned a completed absentee or mail‐in ballot that was rejected, or you believe will be rejected, by the county board of elections and you believe you are eligible to vote.
* There is a special court order with respect to your registration status.
* There is a special court order related to extending the hours of voting.
* You believe that you are registered in a political party, but your voter record indicates otherwise (for primary elections only).[23]

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Pennsylvania's provisional ballot procedures state: "If the board of elections determines that the elector has knowingly voted in an improper election district, the board of elections may declare the ballot to be invalid. However, absent a determination of willfulness by the elector, the board should dispose of the provisional ballot as a ballot cast in the proper county but at an improper election district and count the ballot as to those offices for which, and questions on which, the elector was qualified to vote."[25]

#### Was your provisional ballot counted?[edit]

Visit the Pennsylvania Department of State's Provisional Ballot Search tool to check the status of your provisional ballot. You can also call 1-877-VOTESPA to check the status of your ballot.

## Primary election type[edit]

See also: Primary elections in Pennsylvania

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Pennsylvania utilizes a closed primary process. Voters are required to register with a political party to vote in the primary election.[26]

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

## Time off work for voting[edit]

Ballotpedia did not find a law specifying whether voters must be given time off from work to vote in this state. Nolo.com notes that states without such state laws may have administrative regulations or local ordinances pertaining to time off for voting and suggests calling your local board of elections or state labor department for more information.[27]

If you know of a relevant policy in this state, please email us. Find contact information for your county elections board here.

Twenty-eight states require employers to grant employees time off to vote. Within these 28 states, policies vary as to whether that time off must be paid and how much notice must be given.

## Electioneering[edit]

Pennsylvania law requires all individuals to remain at least 10 feet from a polling place while voting is ongoing, except for election officers, clerks, machine inspectors, voters, individuals assisting voters, and peace officers.[28] In addition, no person "when within the polling place, shall electioneer or solicit votes for any political party, political body or candidate, nor shall any written or printed matter be posted up within the said room, except as required by this act."[28]

## Voting rules for people convicted of a felony[edit]

See also: Voting rights for people convicted of a felony

In Pennsylvania, people convicted of a felony automatically regain their voting rights upon completion of their incarceration, except for violations of the Pennsylvania Election Code, which bar people from voting for four years after conviction for the offense.[29]

Voting rights for people convicted of a felony vary from state to state. In the majority of states, people convicted of a felony cannot vote while they are incarcerated but may regain the right to vote upon release from prison or at some point thereafter.[30]

## Voter list maintenance[edit]

All states have rules under which they maintain voter rolls—or, check and remove certain names from their lists of registered voters. Most states are subject to the parameters set by The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA).[31] The NVRA requires states to make efforts to remove deceased individuals and individuals who have become ineligible due to a change of address. It prohibits removing registrants from voter lists within 90 days of a federal election due to change of address unless a registrant has requested to be removed, or from removing people from voter lists solely because they have not voted. The NVRA says that states may remove names from their registration lists under certain other circumstances and that their methods for removing names must be uniform and nondiscriminatory.[32]

#### When names can be removed from the voter list[edit]

Pennsylvania law authorizes election officials to remove the names of voters from the registered voting list if an individual:[33]

* requests in writing to be removed from the list
* dies
* confirms in writing that they moved outside of their voting jurisdiction
* remains on the inactive voter list through two consecutive general elections.

#### Inactive voter list rules[edit]

If election officials, using National Change of Address data and other address verification resources, determine that a voter may have moved outside of their voting jurisdiction, they are to send the voter a confirmation notice. If the voter does not respond within 30 days, they are to be listed as inactive. In addition, election officials are required to contact all registered active voters who have not voted in the previous five years with a notice. If the voter fails to respond, they are to be listed as inactive. If a voter remains in inactive status during the next two federal general election cycles by not responding to a confirmation notice, voting, or updating their registration status, their registration is to be canceled.[33]

#### The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)[edit]

See also: Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)

According to its website, ERIC is a nonprofit corporation that is governed by a board of member-states. These member states submit voter registration and motor vehicle registration information to ERIC. ERIC uses this information, as well as Social Security death records and other sources, to provide member states with reports showing voters who have moved within their state, moved out of their state, died, have duplicate registrations in their state, or are potentially eligible to vote but are not yet registered. ERIC's website describes its funding as follows: "Members fund ERIC. New members pay a one-time membership fee of $25,000, which is reserved for technology upgrades and other unanticipated expenses. Members also pay annual dues. Annual dues cover operating costs and are based, in part, on the citizen voting age population in each state."[34]

Twenty-five states are participating members in the ERIC program. Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia have joined and participated in ERIC at some point.[35]

As of December 2025, Pennsylvania was participating in the ERIC program.[36]

## Post-election auditing[edit]

Pennsylvania state law requires post-election audits. Officials from the county board of elections recount a random sample of 2% of votes cast in each county or 2,000 ballots, whichever is lesser. The audit is conducted as part of the canvass.[37]

Post-election audits check that election results tallied by a state's voting system match results from paper records, such as paper ballots filled out by voters or the paper records produced by electronic voting machines. Post-election audits are classified into two categories: audits of election results—which include traditional post-election audits as well as risk-limiting audits—and procedural audits.[38][39]

Typically, traditional post-election audits are done by recounting a portion of ballots, either electronically or by hand, and comparing the results to those produced by the state's voting system. In contrast, risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to compare a random sample of votes cast to election results instead of reviewing every ballot. The scope of procedural audits varies by state, but they typically include a systematic review of voting equipment, performance of the voting system, vote totals, duties of election officials and workers, ballot chain of custody, and more.

Forty-six states and the District of Columbia require some form of post-election audit by law, excluding states with pilot programs. Of these, 39 states and the District of Columbia require traditional post-election audits, while three states require risk-limiting post-election audits, and three states require some other form of post-election audit, including procedural post-election audits.[40][38]

## Election administration authorities[edit]

### State election officials[edit]

In Pennsylvania, the  secretary of the commonwealth is the equivalent to secretary of state and is the chief election officer.[41] The secretary of the commonwealth is appointed by the governor and confirmed by the  state senate.[42]

### Local election officials[edit]

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Do you need information about elections in your area? Are you looking for your local election official? Click here to visit the U.S. Vote Foundation and use their election official lookup tool.|

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## Noteworthy events[edit]

### Federal court blocks ballot dating law (2025)[edit]

On August 26, 2025, a three-judge panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit ruled that a Pennsylvania law requiring voters to date the outside of their mail ballot envelopes was unconstitutional, upholding a lower court ruling.[43]

In the opinion, Judge Brooks Smith wrote:[44]

“  | The date requirement does not play a role in election administration, nor does it contribute an added measure of solemnity beyond that created by a signature. And only in the exceedingly rare circumstance does it contribute to the prosecution of voter fraud. Weighing these interests against the burden on voters, we are unable to justify the Commonwealth’s practice of discarding ballots contained in return envelopes with missing or incorrect dates that has resulted in the disqualification of thousands of presumably proper ballots. We will affirm the District Court’s judgment.[23] | ”

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Previously, on March 31, 2025, Judge Susan Baxter of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania ruled that the ballot envelope dating provision was unconstitutional. The Third Circuit declined to issue a stay for the 2025 election cycle, meaning undated and wrongly dated ballots could be counted.[45]

A separate case challenging the law was filed in state court on September 23, 2024. The Pennsylvania Supreme Court heard oral arguments in the case on September 10, 2025. As of December 2025, the court had not issued a ruling.[46] Previously, the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court upheld a district court ruling requiring the Philadelphia Board of Elections to count undated or misdated ballots in the 2024 election. The state Supreme Court paused that ruling on November 1, 2024 while it considered the appeal.[47]

The state Supreme Court previously heard cases on the issue in 2023 and 2024.

### U.S. Supreme Court rejects RNC's application to stay state supreme court order allowing provisional voting by voters whose "naked" absentee ballots were rejected (2024)[edit]

On November 1, 2024, the United States Supreme Court unanimously denied a request made by the Republican National Committee (RNC) and the Pennsylvania Republican Party to stay an October 23, 2024, decision from the Pennsylvania Supreme Court that allowed voters to vote a provisional ballot if their absentee ballot was rejected because it was submitted without an inner secrecy envelope.[48] The decision meant that Pennsylvania voters whose "naked" absentee ballots, or ballots submitted without the inner secrecy envelope, are rejected would be allowed to vote a provisional ballot in the 2024 general election. In the order denying the application for a stay, Justice Samuel Alito wrote, "Staying [the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's] judgment would not impose any binding obligation on any of the Pennsylvania officials who are responsible for the conduct of this year’s election. And because the only state election officials who are parties in this case are the members of the board of elections in one small county, we cannot order other election boards to sequester affected ballots. For these reasons, I agree with the order denying the application."[49]Justices Gorsuch and Thomas joined Alito's statement rejecting the application.[48]

The case originated in state court in April 2024 as Genser v. Butler County Board of Elections challenging the decision of Butler County Board of Elections to reject the provisional ballots of two voters whose original absentee ballots were rejected in the state's primary election because they were not submitted with the inner secrecy envelope required by state law. The original case was dismissed on August 16 by the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County, meaning that such voters would not be able to cast a provisional ballot. The case was appealed to the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court, which overturned the lower court's decision on September 5. It ultimately reached the state's supreme court, which upheld the decision of the Commonwealth Court in a 4-3 ruling issued on October 23, 2024.[50]

In the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's majority opinion, Justice Donohue (D), joined by Justices Dougherty (D), Todd (D), and McCaffery (D), wrote, "Following the commands of the Election Code as interpreted by this Court, the Board properly disregarded Electors’ mail-in ballots as void. However, it erred in refusing to count Electors’ provisional ballots. Subsection (a.4)(5)(i) [of the Pennsylvania election code] required that, absent any other disqualifying irregularities, the provisional ballots were to be counted if there were no other ballots attributable to the Electors. There were none."[51] In a dissenting opinion, Justice Mundy (R) wrote, "In my view, the Majority’s decision to direct the counting of provisional ballots in cases where the electors’ mail-in ballots have been timely received, in direct contravention of Section 3050(a.4)(5)(ii)(F), is an unconstitutional intrusion upon the role reserved to state legislatures by the Federal Constitution."[52] At the time of the decision, Democrats held a 5-2 majority on the state supreme court. Justice Wecht (D) was the only Democrat to dissent.

### Court vacates lower court decision on undated and wrong dated mail ballots (2024)[edit]

On September 13, 2024, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court vacated a lower court ruling in a 4-3 decision, and reinstated a prohibition on election officials counting mis-dated or undated absentee/mail-in ballots.[53] The court previously ruled on the issue in 2023, but in May 2024, a group of nonprofit advocacy organizations challenged the underlying law that required voters to date their absentee/mail-in ballots.[54]

The case eventually reached the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court. On August 30 the court found that rejecting ballots with incorrect dates, but that are otherwise valid and returned on time, violated the state's Free and Equal Elections Cause, and blocked enforcement of the law.[55]

The Republican National Committee and Pennsylvania Republican Party appealed the ruling to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on September 4, and the court delivered a per curiam order vacating the lower court's decision on September 13. The order said that the lower court "lacked subject matter jurisdiction to review the matter given the failure to name the county boards of elections of all 67 counties" in the state.[56] Two Democratic judges joined two Republican judges in the majority. The three dissenting justices were Democrats.

### Court rules on undated and wrong dated mail ballots (2022-2023)[edit]

On February 8, 2023, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court issued a ruling that said that undated or mis-dated absentee/mail-in ballots should not be counted under state law. Justice David N. Wecht wrote the majority opinion, which said the requirement in state law was clear that absentee or mail-in ballots must be dated with the date voters completed them to count. The opinion said that undated and wrongly dated absentee and mail-in ballots should be rejected in future elections, and it confirmed that individual county boards of elections “retain authority to evaluate the ballots that they receive in future elections.”[57]

On October 17, 2022, the Republican National Committee and the Pennsylvania Republican Party filed a lawsuit seeking to prevent counties from counting undated and wrongly dated absentee and mail-in ballots.[58]

On November 5, 2022, the court issued a preliminary order, saying that mail-in ballots were to be rejected for the November 8 midterm election if the handwritten date was before September 19 or after November 8, and absentee ballots were to be rejected if the date was before August 30 or after November 8.[59]

### Pennsylvania Supreme Court rules on lawsuit over mail voting (2022)[edit]

On January 28, 2022, the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court struck down Act 77, which made absentee/mail-in voting available to all eligible electors, as a violation of the Pennsylvania Constitution. The court voted 3-2 on the matter, with Judges Mary Hannah Leavitt, Patricia McCullough, and Christine Fizzano Cannon (all Republicans) forming the majority and Judges Michael Wojcik and Ellen H. Ceisler (both Democrats) dissenting.[60]

On March 3, 2022, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court stayed the Commonwealth Court's order, allowing the law to stand pending resolution of the appeal. The court heard oral argument on March 8, 2022.[61]

On August 2, 2022, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court reversed the ruling of the Commonwealth Court. The court voted 5-2 on the matter, with Chief Justice Max Baer and Justices Debra Todd, Kevin M. Dougherty, David N. Wecht, and Christine Donohue (all Democrats) forming the majority. Justices Sallie Mundy and Kevin Brobson (both Republicans) dissented. Writing for the majority, Donahue said:[62]

“  | The Commonwealth Court’s declaration that the universal mail-in voting provisions of Act 77 were unconstitutional was premised on its conclusion that it was bound by the definition of 'offer to vote' in Article VII, Section 1 of our Constitution as construed in the Chase and Lancaster City decisions. ... [T]he pronouncements in those cases do not control our interpretation of the Constitution in effect when Act 77 became law. Based upon our analysis of Article VII, Section 1 of our Constitution, we conclude that the phrase 'offer to vote' does not establish in-person voting as an elector qualification or otherwise mandate in-person voting. We reiterate that our General Assembly is endowed with great legislative power, subject only to express restrictions in the Constitution. We find no restriction in our Constitution on the General Assembly’s ability to create universal mail-in voting.[23] | ”

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In her dissent, Mundy wrote the following: "When Article VII is viewed as a whole, ... the naming of certain classes of electors who are given the right to vote absentee necessarily implies that those are the only electors who may do so. It seems a stretch to conclude that the framers of the 1967 Constitution, in guaranteeing absentee voting to the identified classes, intended thereby to cede control over this delicate balance to the Legislature."[63]

### Absentee, registration, and voting rule changes (2019)[edit]

On October 31, 2019, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf (D) signed SB421, an omnibus election law bill, into law. The law provided for the following changes to the state's electoral system:[15]

* All voters became eligible to cast mail-in ballots, effective with the April 28, 2020, primary election.
* The voter registration deadline was extended from the 30th day preceding an election to the 15th day preceding an election.
* Straight-ticket voting, wherein a voter can select one party's entire slate of candidates for every office by making a single mark on the ballot, was eliminated.

Upon signing the bill, Wolf said, "For too long Pennsylvania has made it too hard for the citizens to actually fully participate in our democracy. These changes will make it easier for people to vote, participate in our democracy, actually to take care of the most fundamental responsibility of citizenship: voting."[15]

The bill cleared the state House on Oct. 29 by a vote of 138-61. In the House, 105 Republicans and 33 Democrats voted in favor of the bill. The Senate followed suit the same day, approving the bill by a vote of 35-14, with 27 Republicans and eight Democrats voting in favor. State Rep. Malcolm Kenyatta (D), who voted against the bill, opposed the provision eliminating straight-ticket voting: "We’re making this process more difficult. We’re ignoring the cultural concerns of people who have voted in that way for years and years and years. And we’re doing it all at a time when we are changing the entire voting system, which is going to lead to lines lead to delays – and, actually, maybe lead to people not exercising their right to vote."[64]

### Secretary of State requires voting machines with paper record (2018)[edit]

On February 9, 2018, Acting Secretary of State Robert Torres issued a directive to county election officials stipulating that all voting equipment purchased thereafter provide for a paper record of all votes cast. The directive did not mandate that counties obtain new equipment, but it did establish specifications for new equipment that counties could purchase should they opt to replace their existing voting systems. In a press release, Torres said, "This directive will ensure that the next generation of the commonwealth’s voting systems conforms to enhanced standards of resiliency, auditability and security. The current voting equipment in counties works and can be audited. But new voting machines with paper ballots or voter-verifiable paper backup will improve auditability and augment security."[65][66]

On April 12, 2018, Torres issued another directive to county election administrators instructing them to ensure that all voting machines, regardless of purchase date, provide for a paper record of all votes cast. Torres set a deadline of the end of 2019 for counties to comply with the directive. Torres said, "We want to bring about the system upgrades so Pennsylvania voters are voting on the most secure and auditable equipment as promptly and feasibly as possible." According to Verified Voting, as of November 2016, Pennsylvania was one of seven states in which both paper ballot and direct recording electronic (DRE) systems without paper trails were used. The other six states were Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia. For more information about the voting equipment used in the United States, see this article.[66][67][68][69]

## Election policy ballot measures[edit]

See also: Elections and campaigns on the ballot and List of Pennsylvania ballot measures

Ballotpedia has tracked the following ballot measures relating to election and campaign policy in Pennsylvania.

1. Pennsylvania Question 3, In-State Address Change and Voting Location Amendment (1959)
2. Pennsylvania Question 1, State Senate Elections Following Redistricting Amendment (May 2001)
3. Pennsylvania Question 6, Voter Residency Requirements and Absentee Voting Amendment (May 1967)
4. Pennsylvania Question 5, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (May 1967)
5. Pennsylvania Appointed Judges and Retention Elections Amendment (May 1969)
6. Pennsylvania Question 1, Election of Attorney General Amendment (May 1978)
7. Pennsylvania Question 2, State Judicial Vacancies Amendment (May 1978)

## Recent legislation related to election administration in Pennsylvania[edit]

The table below lists bills related to election administration that have been introduced during (or carried over to) the current legislative session in Pennsylvania. The following information is included for each bill:

* State
* Bill number
* Official bill name or caption
* Most recent action date
* Legislative status
* Sponsor party
* Topics dealt with by the bill

Bills are organized by most recent action. The table displays up to 100 results. To view more bills, use the arrows in the upper-right corner. Clicking on a bill will open its page on Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker, which includes bill details and a summary.

### Explore election legislation with Ballotpedia[edit]

* Try Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker

Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker provides daily updates on legislative activity related to election policy in all 50 states.

Our election policy experts translate complex bill text into easy-to-understand summaries. And because it's from Ballotpedia, our legislation tracker is guaranteed to be neutral, unbiased, and nonpartisan.

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* Read Ballotpedia's State of Election Administration Legislation Reports

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## Ballot access[edit]

See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Pennsylvania

In order to get on the ballot in Pennsylvania, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.

There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.

1. An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
2. An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
3. An individual can run as a write-in candidate.

This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Pennsylvania. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, click here. Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).

## Redistricting[edit]

See also: Redistricting in Pennsylvania

Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. Pennsylvania's 17 United States representatives and 253 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. United States senators are not elected by districts, but by the states at large. District lines are redrawn every 10 years following completion of the United States census. The federal government stipulates that districts must have nearly equal populations and must not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity.[70][71][72][73]

Pennsylvania was apportioned 17 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, 1 fewer than it received after the 2010 census. Click here for more information about redistricting in Pennsylvania after the 2020 census.

HIGHLIGHTS

* Following the 2020 United States Census, Pennsylvania was apportioned 17 congressional seats, one less than the number it had after the 2010 census.

* Pennsylvania 's House of Representatives is made up of 203 districts; Pennsylvania's State Senate is made up of 50 districts.

* In Pennsylvania, congressional district boundaries are set by the state legislature. State legislative district lines are drawn by a politician commission.

* On January 22, 2018, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court struck down the state's congressional district map enacted after the 2010 census, finding that the map constituted an illegal partisan gerrymander. On February 19, 2018, the court adopted a remedial map for use in the 2018 election cycle. Pennsylvania Republicans filed suit in federal district court to prevent implementation of the new map. The district court dismissed the suit on March 19, 2018. State Republicans also petitioned the Supreme Court of the United States to stay the state supreme court's order pending appeal. The court rejected this request on March 19, 2018. For more information on this case, click here.

### State process[edit]

See also: State-by-state redistricting procedures

In Pennsylvania, the statutory authority to draw congressional district boundaries is vested with the Pennsylvania General Assembly. These lines are subject to gubernatorial veto.[74]

State legislative district lines are drawn by a politician commission. Established in 1968, the commission comprises five members:[74]

1. The majority leader of the Pennsylvania State Senate appoints one member.
2. The minority leader of the Pennsylvania State Senate appoints one member.
3. The majority leader of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives appoints one member.
4. The minority leader of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives appoints one member.
5. The first four commissioners appoint a fifth member to serve as the commission's chair. If the commission is unable to reach an agreement, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court must appoint a commission chair.[74]

The Pennsylvania Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. Further, state legislative districts should "respect county, city, incorporated town, borough, township and ward boundaries." There are no such requirements in place for congressional districts.[74]

## Contact information[edit]

### Election agencies[edit]

Seal of the U.S. Election Assistance Commission

See also: State election agencies

Individuals seeking additional information about election administration in Pennsylvania can contact the following local, state, and federal agencies.

Pennsylvania County Election Officials

Click here for a list

Pennsylvania Secretary of State; Bureau of Elections

North Office Building, Room 210

401 North Street

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120-0060

Toll free: 1-877-868-3772

Email: ra-votereg@pa.gov
Website: https://www.pa.gov/en/agencies/vote.html

Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission

Finance Building, Room 304
613 North Street
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120-0400
Phone: 717-783-1610
Toll free: 800-932-0936
Fax: 717-787-0806
Email: https://www.ethicsforms.pa.gov/Forms/ContactUs
Website: https://www.ethics.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx

U.S. Election Assistance Commission

633 3rd Street NW, Suite 200
Washington, DC 20001
Phone: 301-563-3919
Toll free: 1-866-747-1471
Email: clearinghouse@eac.gov
Website: https://www.eac.gov

## Ballotpedia's election coverage[edit]

Click the tiles below to navigate to 2025 election coverage:

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## See also[edit]

* Election laws and legislation in Pennsylvania
* State of Election Administration Legislation Reports
* Factors affecting the speed of ballot counting and delivery of unofficial election results
* Voting in Pennsylvania
* Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Pennsylvania
* Redistricting in Pennsylvania

### Elections in Pennsylvania[edit]

* Pennsylvania elections, 2026
* Pennsylvania elections, 2025
* Pennsylvania elections, 2024
* Pennsylvania elections, 2023
* Pennsylvania elections, 2022
* Pennsylvania elections, 2021
* Pennsylvania elections, 2020

* Pennsylvania elections, 2019
* Pennsylvania elections, 2018
* Pennsylvania elections, 2017
* Pennsylvania elections, 2016
* Pennsylvania elections, 2015
* Pennsylvania elections, 2014

## External links[edit]

* Pennsylvania Department of State - Voting & Elections
* Voter registration lookup
* Election Ballot Status

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ We use the term "absentee/mail-in voting" to describe systems in which requests or applications are required. We use the term "all-mail voting" to denote systems where the ballots themselves are sent automatically to all voters. We use the hyphenate term for absentee voting because some states use “mail voting” (or a similar alternative) to describe what has traditionally been called "absentee voting."
2. ↑ Department of State, “First Time Voters,” accessed December 22, 2025
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Pennsylvania Department of State, “Voter Registration Application,” accessed December 22, 2025
4. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Voter Registration Requirements," accessed December 22, 2025
5. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Voter Registration," accessed December 22, 2025
6. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Register to Vote," accessed December 22, 2025
7. ↑ Department of State, “Contact Your Election Officials,” accessed December 22, 2025
8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, "Governor Shapiro Implements Automatic Voter Registration in Pennsylvania, Joining Bipartisan Group of States That Have Taken Commonsense Step to Make Voter Registration More Streamlined and Secure," September 19, 2023
9. ↑ NBC, "Pennsylvania rolls out automatic voter registration," September 19, 2023
10. ↑ The Patriot-News, “Thousands take advantage of new online voter registration in Pennsylvania,” September 2, 2015
11. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Same-day Voter Registration," accessed December 22, 2025
12. ↑ Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."
13. ↑ Janie Valentine, "Email communication with Amy Gulli," September 10, 2024
14. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "On-Demand Mail Ballot Voting," accessed December 22, 2025
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 PennLive, "Pa. Gov. Tom Wolf signs historic election reform bill into law," October 31, 2019
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 Department of State, “Voting by Absentee Ballot,” accessed December 22, 2025
17. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Emergency Absentee Ballot," accessed December 22, 2025
18. ↑ WestLaw, "Pa. Stat. Tit. 25 § 3146.2a," accessed November 6, 2025
19. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Where to Return Your Mail Ballot," accessed December 22, 2025
20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Pennsylvania Department of State, “Covering Pennsylvania Elections 101,” accessed December 22, 2025
21. ↑ Congress, "H.R.3295 - Help America Vote Act of 2002," accessed September 30, 2025
22. ↑ Department of State, "First Time Voters," accessed December 22, 2025
23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
24. ↑ Votes PA, "Voting by Provisional Ballot," accessed December 22, 2025
25. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed December 22, 2025
26. ↑ FindLaw, "Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 299," accessed December 22, 2025
27. ↑ NOLO, "Taking Time Off to Vote," accessed October 28, 2025
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 FindLaw, "Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 3060," accessed December 22, 2025
29. ↑ U.S. Department of Justice, "Guide to State Voting Rules That Apply After a Criminal Conviction," accessed December 22, 2025
30. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," August 19, 2025
31. ↑ As of May 2024, the Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."
32. ↑ The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed May 29, 2024
33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 FindLaw, "Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 1901," accessed December 22, 2025
34. ↑ ERIC, "FAQ," accessed May 29, 2024
35. ↑ ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed May 29, 2024
36. ↑ ERIC, "What is ERIC?" accessed December 22, 2025
37. ↑ Westlaw, "Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 3031.17," accessed December 22, 2025
38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," accessed July 2, 2025
39. ↑ Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed July 2, 2025
40. ↑ Ballotpedia research conducted in October 2024, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
41. ↑ Findlaw, "Pa. Stat. tit. 25, § 2621," accessed December 22, 2025
42. ↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "About," accessed December 22, 2025
43. ↑ Pennsylvania Capital-Star, "Federal appeals court rules Pa. mail-in ballot dating requirement is unconstitutional," August 26, 2025
44. ↑ UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT, "Opinion of the Court," accessed December 22, 2025
45. ↑ Democracy Docket, "Pennsylvania Undated and Wrongly Dated Mail-in Ballots Challenge (Eakin)," accessed December 22, 2025
46. ↑ Democracy Docket, "Pennsylvania Philadelphia Undated and Wrongly Dated Mail-in Ballots Challenge," accessed December 22, 2025
47. ↑ Votebeat, "Pennsylvania Supreme Court stops 3 counties from counting undated, incorrectly dated ballots," November 18, 2024
48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 United States Supreme Court, "Docket for 24A408," accessed December 22, 2025
49. ↑ United States Supreme Court, "Statement of Alito, J. on Application for Stay No. 24A408," November 1, 2024
50. ↑ Democracy Docket, "Pennsylvania Butler County Naked Ballot Provisional Voting Challenge," accessed December 22, 2025
51. ↑ The Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania, "Pennsylvania Supreme Court, 26 WAP 2024 and 27 WAP 2024, Majority Opinion," October 23, 2024
52. ↑ The Unified Judicial System of Pennsylvania, "Pennsylvania Supreme Court, 26 WAP 2024 and 27 WAP 2024, Dissenting Opinion," October 23, 2024
53. ↑ AP News, "Pennsylvania mail-in ballots with flawed dates on envelopes can be thrown out, court rules," September 13, 2024
54. ↑ Democracy Docket, "Pennsylvania Undated and Wrongly Dated Mail-In Ballots Challenge (BPEP)," May 28, 2024
55. ↑ Democracy Docket, "Pennsylvania Counties Must Count Undated and Misdated Mail-in Ballots, Court Rules," August 30, 2024
56. ↑ Justia, "Black Pol. Emp. et al v. Schmidt, A. et al (per curiam order)," September 13, 2024
57. ↑ The Philadelphia Inquirer, "New Pa. Supreme Court opinion opens the door for a patchwork of county policies on wrongly dated ballots," February 8, 2022
58. ↑ Election Law Blog, "'Republicans want the Pa. Supreme Court to stop undated mail ballots from being counted,'" October 17, 2022
59. ↑ The Philadelphia Inquirer, "The Pa. Supreme Court has issued a second order on mail ballot dates as the legal fight continues," November 5, 2022
60. ↑ Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, "McLinko v. Pennsylvania: Opinion and Order," January 28, 2022
61. ↑ The Times, "PA Supreme Court allows mail-in voting for the time being, reviewing state maps," March 3, 2022
62. ↑ Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, "McLinko v. Commonwealth: Opinion," August 2, 2022
63. ↑ Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, "McLinko v. Commonwealth: Dissenting Opinion," August 2, 2022
64. ↑ WHYY, "Automatic straight-ticket voting divided Democrats in statehouse election reform talks," October 23, 2019
65. ↑ Pennsylvania Pressroom, "Wolf Administration Directs that New Voting Systems in the Commonwealth Provide Paper Record," February 9, 2018
66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 Associated Press, "Pennsylvania to require voting machines with paper backup," February 9, 2018
67. ↑ Verified Voting, "Verifier Search = Pennsylvania / 2016," accessed December 22, 2025
68. ↑ BuzzFeed News, "Pennsylvania Will Eliminate Paperless Voting Machines In Time For The 2020 Election," April 12, 2018
69. ↑ PA.gov, "Department of State Tells Counties to Have New Voting Systems in Place by End of 2019," April 12, 2018
70. ↑ All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed April 8, 2015
71. ↑ Indy Week, "Cracked, stacked and packed: Initial redistricting maps met with skepticism and dismay," June 29, 2011
72. ↑ The Atlantic, "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities," June 17, 2013
73. ↑ Redrawing the Lines, "The Role of Section 2 - Majority Minority Districts," accessed April 6, 2015
74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 74.2 74.3 All About Redistricting, "Pennsylvania," accessed May 8, 2015

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