Mayoral election in Nashville, Tennessee (August 1, 2019 general election)

Tennessee 2019 elections

* * *

Special state legislative • Local ballot measures • Municipal • Recalls • How to run for office |

|
|

* Related content:
* Tennessee
* Nashville, Tennessee
* Tennessee elections, 2019
* Public policy in Tennessee
* Influencers in Tennessee
* Local elections
* Municipal governments
* Local courts
* School boards
* Local ballot measures
* Recalls
* State elections
* State executives
* State legislatures
* State courts
* State ballot measures
* Federal elections
* Presidential Elections
* U.S. Congress

<- 2018

2019 Nashville elections

Election dates
Filing deadline: May 16, 2019
General election: August 1, 2019
Runoff election: September 12, 2019
Election stats
Offices up: Mayor and metro council
Total seats up: 43 (click here for other city elections)
Election type: Nonpartisan
Other municipal elections
U.S. municipal elections, 2019

Birmingham, AlabamaAnchorage, AlaskaPhoenix, ArizonaPhoenix, Arizona (Mayor)Tucson, ArizonaTucson, Arizona (Mayor)Fresno, CaliforniaFresno County, CaliforniaLong Beach, CaliforniaLos Angeles, CaliforniaLos Angeles County, CaliforniaOrange County, CaliforniaRiverside County, CaliforniaRiverside, CaliforniaSan Bernardino, CaliforniaSan Francisco, CaliforniaSan Francisco, California (Mayor)Santa Ana, CaliforniaAurora, ColoradoAurora, Colorado (Mayor)Colorado Springs, ColoradoColorado Springs, Colorado (Mayor)Denver, ColoradoDenver, Colorado (Mayor)Hialeah, FloridaJacksonville, FloridaJacksonville, Florida (Mayor)Miami, FloridaOrlando, FloridaOrlando, Florida (Mayor)St. Petersburg, FloridaTampa, FloridaTampa, Florida (Mayor)Atlanta, GeorgiaFulton County, GeorgiaHonolulu, HawaiiBoise, IdahoBoise, Idaho (Mayor)Chicago, IllinoisChicago, Illinois (Mayor)Fort Wayne, IndianaFort Wayne, Indiana (Mayor)Indianapolis, IndianaIndianapolis, Indiana (Mayor)Wichita, KansasWichita, Kansas (Mayor)Fayette County, KentuckyBaton Rouge, LouisianaEast Baton Rouge Parish, LouisianaBoston, MassachusettsCambridge, MassachusettsSomerville, MassachusettsSomerville, Massachusetts (Mayor)Waltham, MassachusettsWaltham, Massachusetts (Mayor)Woburn, MassachusettsWoburn, Massachusetts (Mayor)Ramsey County, MinnesotaSt. Paul, MinnesotaKansas City, MissouriKansas City, Missouri (Mayor)St. Louis, MissouriLincoln, NebraskaLincoln, Nebraska (Mayor)Henderson, NevadaLas Vegas, NevadaLas Vegas, Nevada (Mayor)North Las Vegas, NevadaEssex County, New JerseyHudson County, New JerseyAlbuquerque, New MexicoBernalillo County, New MexicoBronx County, New YorkBuffalo, New YorkErie County, New YorkKings County, New YorkNew York, New YorkNew York, New York (Public advocate)New York County, New YorkQueens County, New YorkQueens County, New York (District attorney)Richmond County, New YorkCharlotte, North CarolinaCharlotte, North Carolina (Mayor)Durham, North CarolinaDurham, North Carolina (Mayor)Raleigh, North CarolinaRaleigh, North Carolina (Mayor)Columbus, Ohio Columbus, Ohio (Mayor)Franklin County, OhioHamilton County, OhioToledo, OhioOklahoma City, OklahomaMultnomah County, OregonAllegheny County, PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania (Mayor)Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaMemphis, TennesseeMemphis, Tennessee (Mayor)Nashville, TennesseeNashville, Tennessee (Mayor)Arlington, TexasArlington, Texas (Mayor)Bexar County, TexasCollin County, TexasDallas, TexasDallas, Texas (Mayor)El Paso, TexasEl Paso County, TexasFort Worth, TexasFort Worth, Texas (Mayor)Garland, TexasGarland, Texas (Mayor)Harris County, TexasHouston, TexasHouston, Texas (Mayor)Irving, TexasPlano, TexasSan Antonio, TexasSan Antonio, Texas (Mayor)Tarrant County, TexasPayson, UtahVineyard, UtahChesapeake, VirginiaRichmond, VirginiaVirginia Beach, VirginiaKing County, WashingtonSeattle, WashingtonDane County, WisconsinMadison, WisconsinMadison, Wisconsin (Mayor)Milwaukee, WisconsinMilwaukee County, WisconsinSubmit

At-Large Metro Councilmember John Cooper and incumbent Mayor David Briley advanced to a September 12 runoff election for mayor of Nashville, Tennessee, on August 1, 2019. Cooper received 35 percent of the vote and Briley, 25 percent. The two faced eight other candidates. This page covers the August 1 general election. Click here for coverage of the September 12 runoff election.

Heading into the election, a mayor of Nashville's Metro government (formed in 1963) had never lost a re-election bid. Briley assumed the office upon the resignation of Mayor Megan Barry in March 2018. He won the special election on May 24, 2018, to complete Barry's term. In addition to Briley, local media outlets identified three 2019 challengers as top candidates: Cooper, state Rep. John Clemmons (D), and former Vanderbilt University professor Carol Swain.[1][2] Policy debates in the race largely centered on how the city raises and spends money.

Briley said his accomplishments in office included not raising property taxes, establishing a college scholarship program for public school graduates, 5,000 new jobs from Amazon's operations center, and a $500 million public investment in affordable housing over a decade.[3][4]

Cooper said the city needs to use its surpluses more efficiently instead of raising taxes.[5] He criticized Briley's plan to fund affordable housing through municipal bond-borrowing and his proposal earlier in the year to privatize the city's parking meters. Cooper said the city should shift focus to neighborhoods and away from economic incentives for downtown projects.[6][7]

Clemmons was the only candidate among the top four to support a proposed property tax increase, which the metro council rejected ahead of the election. Clemmons said it was needed to fund teacher and first responder pay raises. He emphasized his criticism of Briley for stating he would not pursue another referendum to fund transit projects, following one voters rejected in 2018, if elected to a full term.[8][9]

Swain, who came in second with 23 percent of the vote in the 2018 special mayoral election, said Briley and his predecessors had spent the city's money irresponsibly and that she would focus on reducing budgetary waste as opposed to raising property taxes. Swain listed using city-owned land for affordable housing developments and reducing traffic congestion as priorities.[10][11][12]

Click here for coverage of the Nashville Metro Council elections.

Nashville voter? Runoff dates you need to know.

Candidate Filing Deadline| May 16, 2019
Registration Deadline| August 13, 2019
Absentee Request Deadline| September 5, 2019
Early Voting| August 23-September 7, 2019
Voting information
Polling place hours| 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Polling locations: Go to this page to find early voting locations.
Go to this page to find your assigned precinct for election day.

## Contents

* 1 Candidates and election results
* 2 Candidate profiles
* 2.1 Political affiliation of candidates
* 3 Campaign finance
* 3.1 Self-financing
* 4 Satellite spending
* 5 Endorsements
* 6 Campaign themes
* 6.1 Candidate survey
* 6.2 David Briley
* 6.3 John Clemmons
* 6.4 John Cooper
* 6.4.1 Campaign website
* 6.5 Carol Swain
* 7 Campaign ads
* 7.1 David Briley
* 7.1.1 Support
* 7.1.2 Oppose
* 7.2 John Clemmons
* 7.3 John Cooper
* 7.4 Carol Swain
* 8 Interviews and questionnaires
* 9 Debates and candidate forums
* 9.1 July 22, 2019
* 9.2 July 16, 2019
* 9.3 July 14, 2019
* 9.4 July 9, 2019
* 9.5 June 27, 2019
* 9.6 June 26, 2019
* 9.7 June 25, 2019
* 9.8 June 10, 2019
* 9.9 May 22, 2019
* 10 Mayoral partisanship
* 11 Election history
* 11.1 2018
* 11.2 2015
* 11.3 2011
* 12 About the office
* 13 About the city
* 13.1 Demographics
* 14 State profile
* 14.1 Partisan data
* 15 Pivot Counties
* 15.1 Presidential results by legislative district
* 16 See also
* 17 External links
* 18 Footnotes

## Candidates and election results[edit]

General runoff election

##### General runoff election for Mayor of Nashville

John Cooper defeated incumbent David Briley in the general runoff election for Mayor of Nashville on September 12, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| John Cooper (Nonpartisan) |

69.1

| 62,440

| David Briley (Nonpartisan)  |

30.2

| 27,281
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.7

| 621

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 90,342

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

General election

##### General election for Mayor of Nashville

The following candidates ran in the general election for Mayor of Nashville on August 1, 2019.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| John Cooper (Nonpartisan) |

35.0

| 35,676
✔ |

| David Briley (Nonpartisan)  |

25.3

| 25,786

| Carol Swain (Nonpartisan)  |

22.0

| 22,387

| John Ray Clemmons (Nonpartisan)  |

16.1

| 16,391

| Julia Clark-Johnson (Nonpartisan) |

0.4

| 404

| Bernie Cox (Nonpartisan) |

0.3

| 337

| Jimmy Lawrence (Nonpartisan) |

0.3

| 305

| Jody Ball (Nonpartisan) |

0.3

| 280

| Nolan Starnes (Nonpartisan)  |

0.1

| 129

| Jon Sewell (Nonpartisan) |

0.0

| 24
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.1

| 83

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 101,802

|
|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

## Candidate profiles[edit]

See also: Editorial approach to writing about key campaign messages

The following candidates were included based on media reports, campaign finances, and candidate backgrounds.

David Briley, Nashville mayor

Party: Nonpartisan

Incumbent: Yes

Political office: Mayor of Nashville (Assumed office: 2018); Vice mayor of Nashville (2015-2018); Nashville Metro Council at-large member (1999-2007)

Biography: Briley received a bachelor's degree from Georgetown University and a J.D. from Golden Gate University. His professional experience includes working as a civil attorney.[13][14]

Key messages

* Briley said he had "demonstrated the leadership necessary and the vision necessary to move our city forward over the last year."[15]

* Briley said his accomplishments as mayor included the establishment of a college scholarship program for public school graduates; a $500 million public investment in affordable housing over a decade; and efforts to improve chances for minority-, women-, and LGBT-owned businesses to receive city contracts.[16][17]

* Briley said, "For me, the one thread that runs through everything we do is equitable prosperity."[16] He listed as policy priorities education, transportation, neighborhood quality of life, and affordable housing, saying that the city's growth should benefit everyone.[15]

John Clemmons, Tennessee state representative

Party: Nonpartisan

Incumbent: No

Political office: Democratic state representative, District 55 (Assumed office: 2014)

Biography: Clemmons graduated from Columbia University and the University of Memphis College of Law. He has worked as a mediator and civil litigator with the firm Clemmons & Clemons, PLLC, and provided pro bono legal services through Volunteer Lawyers & Professionals for the Arts.[18]

Key messages

* Clemmons said, "I have a vision for this city that’s rooted in our core values of equity, opportunity and justice."[19].

* Clemmons said his policy priorities were fully funding public education, increasing affordable housing, and addressing infrastructure and transportation issues.[20][21]

* Clemmons criticized Briley for saying he would not pursue another transit referendum if elected to a full term. Clemmons said a transit referedum, with more community input than the defeated 2018 referendum received, would be a priority of his as mayor.[21]

* Clemmons criticized Briley and Cooper for opposing a property tax increase that would have funded teacher pay raises.[22]

John Cooper, at-large Metro Council member

Party: Nonpartisan

Incumbent: No

Political office: At-Large Metro Council member (2015-2019)

Biography: Cooper received a bachelor's degree in history from Harvard University and an M.B.A. from Vanderbilt University. His professional experience includes running a real estate business, managing a technology investment bank, and working as a corporate finance specialist.[23][24]

Key messages

* Cooper said fiscal stewardship would be a priority of his as mayor and referred to his "long background in real estate and finance, which is very useful, I feel, in a city that's undergoing real estate and financial challenges and tons of new growth."[25]

* Cooper said the way to address affordability, education, safety, city finance, and transportation issues was to invest more in neighborhoods and less in downtown projects.[26][27]

* Cooper discussed his opposition to Briley's plans to fund affordable housing through municipal bonds and to privatize Nashville's parking meters as main reasons he entered the race.[28][25]

Carol Swain, former professor

Party: Nonpartisan

Incumbent: No

Political office: None

Biography: Swain received a B.A. from Roanoke College, an M.A. from Virginia Polytechnic & State University, a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Master of Studies in Law degree from Yale. She was a political science professor and a law professor at Vanderbilt University. Swain ran in the 2018 special election for mayor of Nashville and placed second with 23 percent of the vote.[29]

Key messages

* Swain emphasized her background of working her way from a GED to a Ph.D., as well as having worked as a library assistant, nurse's aide, salesperson, and garment factory worker. She referred to herself as an outsider, saying, "conditions [in the city] are getting worse and worse and it will take an outsider to change it."[29][30]

* Swain's first campaign ads criticized the state of the city's finances and how city money had been spent. She listed among her immediate priorities using city-owned land for affordable housing, addressing traffic congestion with more turning lanes and better-synchronized traffic lights, and increasing funding for the police department.[31]

* Swain referred to herself as a constitutional conservative.[29]

### Political affiliation of candidates[edit]

The mayoral race was nonpartisan.

* David Briley was identified by media outlets as a Democrat.[32][33]
* John Clemmons was elected to the state House of Representatives as a Democrat.
* John Cooper identified as a Democrat.[34]
* Carol Swain identified as a Republican.[35][29]

## Campaign finance[edit]

### Self-financing[edit]

The following candidates reported loaning their campaigns funds through July 23, 2019.[36]

* John Clemmons: $170,000
* John Cooper: $1,455,000
* Jimmy Lawrence: $110,000

## Satellite spending[edit]

Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[37][38][39]

This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.

* Local business owner Steve Smith released a TV ad opposing Briley on July 29, 2019. He said he spent $30,000 on airtime.[40]

## Endorsements[edit]

If you are aware of endorsements from political figures or organizations that should be included, please email us.

Full endorsement lists from campaign websites are linked below, where available.

* Carol Swain

Endorsements

Endorsement  | Briley | Clemmons | Cooper
Elected officials
Davidson County Criminal Court Clerk Howard Gentry[41] | ✔ |  |
Davidson County Clerk Brenda Wynn[42] | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Bob Freeman (D)[42] | ✔ |  |
Davidson County Juvenile Court Clerk Lonnell Matthews Jr.[43] | ✔ |  |
State Rep. Gloria Johnson (D) [42] |  | ✔  |
State Sen. Sara Kyle (D)[42] |  | ✔  |
U.S. Rep. Jim Cooper (D), brother of John Cooper[44] |  |  | ✔
Metro Councilor Angie Henderson[42] |  |  | ✔
Metro Councilor Mina Johnson[42] |  |  | ✔
Metro Councilor Brenda Haywood[42] |  |  | ✔
Individuals
Former Tennessee Governor/Nashville Mayor Phil Bredesen (D)[45] | ✔ |  |
Bill Freeman, 2015 mayoral candidate/real estate investor[46] | ✔ |  |
Former U.S. Rep. Bob Clement (D)[42] |  | ✔  |
Newspapers and editorials
Nashville Tennessean editorial board[47] | ✔  |  |
Nashville PRIDE newsdesk[48] | ✔  |  ✔  |
Unions
Central Labor Council of Nashville and Middle Tennessee[49] |  | ✔  |
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 429[50] |  | ✔ |
Nashville and Middle Tennessee Building Trades Unions[51] |  | ✔  |
Communications Workers of America Local 3808[51] |  | ✔  |
Heat and Frost Insulators Local 86[52] |  | ✔ |
United Brotherhood of Carpenters Local 233[52] |  | ✔ |
Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1235[53] |  | ✔  |
United Campus Workers[42] |  | ✔  |
Nashville Fraternal Order of Police[54] |  |  | ✔
Organizations
Nashville Business Coalition[55] |  ✔ |  |
Tennesseans for Sensible Election Laws[42] |  |  | ✔
PACs
Buffalo PAC[56] | ✔  |  |
Nashville Business Alliance PAC[57] | ✔  |  |
Metropolitan Nashville Education Association Political Action Committee for Education[52] |  | ✔  |
Nashville Neighborhood Defense Fund[58] |  |  | ✔

## Campaign themes[edit]

### Candidate survey[edit]

Ballotpedia invites candidates to participate in its annual survey.
Click here to fill out the survey.

|

### David Briley[edit]

The following were found on Briley's campaign website.

“  |

DEMANDING A QUALITY EDUCATION FOR EVERY CHILD.

Mayor Briley is taking a hands-on approach to make sure that every child can get a quality education, no matter where they live, and no matter where they go to school.

Demanding more accountability from the School Board – Mayor Briley is taking a stronger role in Metro Nashville Public School finances, operations, and human resources than any previous mayor.

Establishing an Education Kitchen Cabinet – To focus on a strategic plan to help low-performing priority schools, Mayor Briley has established a working task force of Nashville education leaders.

Pushing for pay raises for teachers – Mayor Briley has introduced a budget Including funding to allow MNPS to give teachers a 3% pay increase in 2019.

Creating scholarships for MNPS graduates - The Nashville GRAD program helps students cover the costs of attending Nashville State Community College or the Tennessee College of Applied Technology.

MAKING HISTORIC INVESTMENTS IN AFFORDABLE HOUSING.

With the Under One Roof 2029 Plan, Mayor Briley has announced an unprecedented public investment in affordable housing.

The plan includes a $500 million public investment in affordable housing over the next 10 years, with a challenge to the private sector to put in another $250 million. This plan will help Nashvillians to stay in our city, and will also help both MDHA and nonprofit housing developers build affordable and workforce units to de-concentrate poverty.

LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD FOR MINORITY-OWNED, WOMEN-OWNED, AND LGBT-OWNED BUSINESSES.

Mayor Briley has taken bold steps to make sure that all small businesses owners - of every race and ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation - have a chance to compete for Metro contracts.

Passing the Equal Business Opportunity Program - Mayor Briley worked with the Metro Council to pass this critical program, which gives minority-owned and women-owned businesses a fair shot in the Metro contracting process.

Supporting LGBT-owned businesses - Mayor Briley signed an executive order making Nashville the first city in the South to recognize LGBT-owned businesses as a procurement category.

IMPROVING OUR INFRASTRUCTURE TO MAKE NASHVILLE MORE LIVABLE.

Mayor Briley is taking proactive steps to deal with Nashville's unprecedented growth, and the demands that growth puts on our infrastructure.

Last fall, the Mayor put together a $351 million plan to build and improve our roads, sidewalks, parks, and drainage.

In addition, the Mayor's administration has developed a new online portal, hub.nashville.gov, to help citizens report problems and code violations, and to get more information about Metro departments and services.

PROTECTING NASHVILLIANS FROM CRIME AND GUN VIOLENCE.

Just over a month after taking office, David Briley had his toughest day as Mayor: the day of the Nashville Waffle House shooting. Deeply moved by this experience, Mayor Briley has committed to doing whatever it takes to keep Nashvillians safe from gun violence.

Launching Project Safe Nashville - This initiative brings together law enforcement agencies at all levels to reduce violent crime by focusing on rapidly collecting, analyzing, and investigating gun-crime evidence.

Improving the pay for police officers - The Mayor has recommended increasing the starting pay for Metro officers, so we can pay officers competitively for the tough and challenging work they do.

Involving citizens in keeping Nashville safe - By implementing the Community Oversight Board and working for more community policing, the Mayor is working to forge new partnerships between Nashville's citizens and our law enforcement.

MAKING SURE NEW DEVELOPMENT IS GOOD FOR NASHVILLIANS.

One of Mayor Briley's first acts upon becoming mayor was to protect the land around Fort Negley from being developed - to protect the graves, and honor the history, of the African Americans who died building it. Preserving the land as green space was the right thing to do, and it also marked a new day in how our city deals with developers.

Mayor Briley is also taking a new look at how the city makes agreement with major-league sports franchises. The new lease extension with the Nashville Predators will shift the debt burden off Metro taxpayers and onto actual ticketholders, many of whom live outside Davidson County. This is a great deal for Metro taxpayers, and it also creates a stable revenue stream that ensures the Predators will be in Nashville for years to come. [59]

|  ”

|
|

—David Briley[60]

### John Clemmons[edit]

The following were found on Clemmons' campaign website.

“  |

QUALITY OF LIFE
Live Nashville: A Quality of Life Agenda for ALL Nashvillians

John Ray Clemmons is committed to creating an equitable vision for Nashville’s future. One that will protect the character of our neighborhoods and empower residents. No issue can be solved in a silo, but instead requires a holistic approach. Working together, we can build a better Nashville - a Nashville that prioritizes the well being of its people through a budget that reflects our values. A Clemmons Administration, guided by our core values, will improve the quality of life of all Nashvillians.

Core Values

* Craft Metro policies to ensure equity, create opportunity, and demand justice;
* Ensure that Nashville remains a welcoming city that embraces diversity;
* Protect the character of our neighborhoods and what makes Nashville, Nashville; and
* Operate with transparency and accountability.

Fiscal Responsibility

* Streamline government services and create efficiencies where possible to conserve resources and reduce any wasteful spending;
* Responsibly pay down our city’s debt;
* Establish clear budgetary priorities and work to ensure that collected tax revenues are appropriately used to fund those priorities;
* Require commercial developers to pay their fair share for the additional burdens they place on our infrastructure systems, both above and below ground;
* Identify new revenue streams and public-private partnerships to address budgetary needs;
* Create a model and expectation of good corporate citizenship for any company relocating to or doing business in our city; and
* Protect Metro assets, rather than sell them off to fill one-time budgetary gaps.

Priorities

* Public Education is Priority One: Fully fund our public schools, support our educators, and provide every child an opportunity to succeed;
* Build a strong working partnership with MNPS to achieve our vision of becoming the fastest improving school district in the country;
* Increase affordable housing options across the entire city to create more stability for families and provide an opportunity to build financial equity and improve credit;
* Address our city and region’s worsening traffic challenges and lead collaborative city-wide and regional efforts to build consensus and a 21st-century transit system;
* Support our first responders to provide residents peace of mind and improve public safety;
* Start work on addressing the serious water infrastructure needs of our city;
* Ensure access to diverse employment options, quality health care providers, and reliable mass transit;
* Work towards achieving our goal of creating a carbon-neutral city by cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 80-100% by 2050 or sooner;
* Improve emergency systems and community preparedness; and
* Raise the minimum wage to $15/hr for all Metro employees.

Strong Neighborhoods

* Revitalize and strengthen the Mayor’s Office of Neighborhoods (the “MOON”);
* The MOON will be designed to level the playing field by providing neighborhood residents the assistance, guidance, and resources they need to navigate the planning process and have a voice in what happens in their neighborhoods;
* Protect the character of neighborhoods by remaining engaged with the residents and small businesses who make our community special; and
* Ensure that neighborhoods are represented on relevant boards and commissions throughout Metro.

Teamwork

* Work closely with members of the Metro Council and neighborhood association leaders to address the unique challenges in each part of our community;
* Streamline efforts and improve working relationships and coordination with non-profit and faith-based organizations to better facilitate and support their missions to help our youth, address homelessness, build affordable housing, and improve educational performance;
* Lean on corporate citizens and residents alike to help achieve our goals of improving our environment and building a carbon-neutral city;
* Show our small businesses the deference that we currently show large corporations.

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Nashville has an affordable housing crisis - right now. It is only going to get worse if we do not take action. In six years, our city is estimated to have a shortage of 31,000 units for middle and low-income families. Our educators, first responders, Metro workers, artists, and entrepreneurs are being priced out of our county. Everyone deserves an opportunity to call Nashville home.

John Ray will work to end our affordable housing crisis by building a comprehensive plan to address affordability, create new housing stock, establish sustainable public and private partnerships, and mitigate displacement and homelessness because he believes that no neighborhood should be off limits to anyone.

EDUCATION

John Ray Clemmons recognizes the importance of listening to teachers, keeping our promises and fully-funding MNPS. He is committed to providing a meaningful educational experience for all children. John Ray believes we should empower every child to meet their potential and become thriving members of society and our workforce.

John Ray believes the Mayor's office should serve as a partner with the MNPS Board of Education and the Director of Schools to support the families of our 86,000 Nashville school children. As Mayor, John Ray Clemmons will ensure that the leadership at MNPS reflects the cultural and linguistic diversity of our city and includes the expertise in the vast range of need our students have while also being responsive to the needs and expectations of Nashville's various communities.

FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY

John Ray understands that we have built great things in our city but we must be mindful of our residents' quality of life and protect what makes Nashville, Nashville. Whether it's a small business or church in our neighborhood, a locally owned music venue, or even the fairgrounds, we must be intentional and purposeful in our planning and growth so that the soul of our city is not lost.

John Ray believes that the Metro budget is more than just numbers on a spreadsheet -- it's an accord between elected officials and residents that demonstrates our city's priorities. John Ray Clemmons wants Nashville to become the city that we envision - one that ensures equity, creates opportunity, and demands justice for ALL of its residents. That's why he will work towards a budget that reflects our priorities, addresses our most pressing challenges, and demonstrates a thoughtful plan and clear vision for our future.

INFRASTRUCTURE

John Ray Clemmons knows that it is time to invest in our neighborhoods. Despite the growth and unprecedented prosperity, Nashville is a 21st century city sitting on 20th century infrastructure. John Ray Clemmons will focus on modernizing our infrastructure systems for transportation and water to prepare Nashville for the growth ahead.

NEIGHBORHOODS

John Ray Clemmons recognizes that despite unprecedented growth there are many communities across our county that have not seen a significant level of investment in years. As Mayor, John Ray will invest in our residents and in the communities they call home.

As a former neighborhood association president, John Ray knows first-hand the important role community leaders have In creating a better Nashville. He will work along side each neighborhood to implement thoughtful plans as we prepare for the opportunities ahead.

PUBLIC SAFETY

John Ray Clemmons supports Nashville's heroes and understands that as our city grows the strain on our first responders continues to rise. We need to ensure that our first responders receive competitive salaries and benefits that allow them to live in the county they serve.

John Ray knows that to keep Nashville safe we must expand these critical departments to handle the increased density, upgrade to modern equipment, identify additional facilities, and implement advanced technology to provide excellent care to Nashville families during an emergency.

TRAFFIC

Nashville cannot wait another day to address our traffic challenges. Every minute in traffic is less time with our families or doing the things we love. John Ray Clemmons will invest in short-term innovative solutions and technologies to alleviate traffic and increase pedestrian safety. John Ray will also work to build consensus on a regional, long-term transit system that will prepare Nashville to take action and lead on this issue in the future.[59]

|  ”

|
|

—John Clemmons[61]

### John Cooper[edit]

#### Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

John Cooper completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey in 2019. The survey questions appear in bold and are followed by Cooper's responses.

What would be your top three priorities, if elected?

My top priorities after taking office are: 1\. Restoring public trust in Metro through transparency and accountability 2\. Fiscal stewardship; rebalancing the city’s priorities and refocusing our budget to address all neighborhoods’ needs, not just downtown. 3\. Addressing the costs of growth by focusing on our economic and community development efforts on people and not just buildings. I will invest in our schools and neighborhoods, come up with a real affordable housing plan, and address our transportation needs within my first term.

What areas of public policy are you personally passionate about?

I am most passionate about responsible public finance. It may not be the most exciting part of governing, but that the decisions that leaders make about how the government spends money determine the level of services they are able to provide for their constituents. As the saying goes, "You show me your budget, I'll show you your priorities." Fixing almost all of Nashville's present issues- affordable housing, police officer retention, teacher salaries- begins with better managing our finances.

What do you believe are the core responsibilities for someone elected to this office?

I believe the core responsibilities of the mayor are to provide high-quality universal services and care for our most vulnerable citizens. We have to provide the resources and support for a great school system, provide adequate funding for our emergency services workers, and make sure that the costs of growth are not falling upon our citizens who need our help the most. Nashville has gotten away from these primary responsibilities, and it is my intention to get our priorities back in line.

What legacy would you like to leave?

I would like to be remembered as the Mayor who got our city back on track. The citizens of Nashville feel that with all of the national attention we are receiving, we have started to prioritize tourism and development to the detriment of our neighborhoods and residents. I want to get back to investing in human capital and increasing livability. I want to create a Nashville a city that works for everyone.

Mayors have many responsibilities, which vary from city to city. Which of those do you personally consider the most important in your city?

The most important job for the Mayor of Nashville is managing the budget. The budget is the document from which all decisions flow; it's how our city's priorities are determined. The Mayor of Nashville needs to be a financial manager with experience in long-term capital planning, and that why I am the right Mayor for Nashville right now.

If the mayor in your city is not a member of the city council and oversees the day-to-day administration of the city government, what do you believe is the ideal relationship between the mayor and city council?

The Mayor and administration should work with the Metro Council, not against them. The Nashville Metro Council is full of talented, dedicated individuals with vast institutional knowledge who should be consulted on major initiatives for the city. If I am elected, I will make sure that my office and our city's agencies cooperate fully with Council members and reach out to them for input on projects about which they possess expertise.

What do you perceive to be your city's greatest challenges over the next decade?

Nashville is going to grow more over the next five years than it has in the previous five years. Our greatest challenge is going to be how we make that growth work to the benefit of all of our citizens and all of our neighborhoods. If we are able to harness the benefits of this economic boom, we have an unlimited potential for the future.

What do you believe is the ideal relationship between your city and the state government?

For too long, we have perpetuated a cycle with our state leaders where when Metro takes almost any major action, the state immediately pre-empts it and stifles the initiative. As mayor, I will make every effort to establish a mutually beneficial working relationship with our state leaders so that we can operate without the constant threat of preemption.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.

#### Campaign website[edit]

The following were found on Cooper's campaign website.

“  |

PARKS AND GREEN SPACES

Cities across the country have recognized that parks are about more than green space. Parks play an important stewardship role by protecting and honoring the best aspects of a city’s history and character. Their presence in a neighborhood promotes residents’ health and well-being by cooling urban “heat islands,”providing places for recreation and exercise, improving air quality, and helping to prevent flooding. Parks promote investment. They increase the natural beauty and resiliency of our city, and define our sense of place. Parks are public spaces where all are welcome.

Parks improve the quality of life of residents and provide an important foundation for strong communities. I was surprised to see a recent report by the Trust for Public Land that ranked our park system 54th in the country, far behind cities such as Raleigh, Austin, and Atlanta. My family and I love to spend time at Bells Bend and the Warner Parks, however, not all neighborhoods and families have easy access to our great parks and greenways. Only 37 percent of Nashvillians live within a 10-minute walk of a park — this is less than half the percentage of a typical major U.S. city.

Given the environmental, health, and economic benefits of parks, we should view parks as part of the solution to issues facing our city. Nashville should work with residents and businesses to invest in and expand our parks system. But under the Briley administration, instead of looking to turn surplus public land into green space, the mayor has attempted to sell off property to private developers to cover revenue shortfalls. Covering operational shortfalls with one-time budget gimmicks is a bad idea. Covering shortfalls by irreversibly selling public land is a terrible idea.

It’s time for a different approach. I want our parks to play central and valued roles in helping Nashville continue to be and become more of the city we want it to be. There are so many ways parks can be assets for needed solutions to many of the challenges facing Nashville. We must set goals, provide resources, and bring agencies together with residents, businesses, and donors to keep Nashville green.

As mayor, I will:

* Safeguard our parks and our property. As a council member, I opposed Mayor Briley’s effort to give Church Street Park to a preferred developer for a new high-rise, luxury condo tower. I helped lead the successful effort to stop the city from selling a large portion of one of our most significant historic sites, Fort Negley, which was once the home of thousands of black refugees during the Civil War. I was against the attempted sale of Trinity Ridge, 11 acres of hilltop, creeks, springs and historic stone walls adjacent to existing banked land for Metro Parks that the administration tried to sell this year. And I also opposed Mayor Briley’s proposal to auction off Edgehill Community Memorial Park, which includes the land where the folk art sculptor William Edmonson lived. That is twice in recent years Metro has tried to give away public land that is significant in Nashville’s African American history. It’s time to stop selling off our parks and disposing of properties in a piecemeal fashion and time to start looking for creative ways to expand green space in this city.
* Connect our city. Our linear parks, trails, and greenways can connect our green space and public spaces. The existing network needs to be maintained and expanded. I will focus on expanding Nashville’s greenway system and the sidewalks and bikeways that connect our neighborhoods to the greenways in order to provide better and broader access to recreation and to encourage alternative transportation.
* Enhance our neighborhoods through increased access to parks. Parks positively inform the character of our neighborhoods, and provide the opportunity for all to gather in shared public space. I will commit to a goal of raising the percentage of Nashvillians who live within a 10-minute walk of a park from 37 to 50 percent. Creating more pocket parks would be one way to accomplish this goal.
* Expand parks programming and invest in our youth. Our parks department provides much more than access to green space. It also provides over 1200 programs a week across the city, including sports, special events, arts, fitness, nature, and history activities. As a parent of three boys, I’ve seen how important after-school programming is in helping kids develop character and maintain good health. Neighborhood residents should have a say in determining what activities their local parks will need. I’ll direct Parks to develop new ways to receive feedback, including working with neighborhood advisory groups to solicit input.
* Improve our infrastructure. Parks can play a critical role in increasing sustainable and resilient infrastructure. Metro Parks can work with Metro Water Services to expand green infrastructure such as retention ponds and bioswales to help Nashville manage our flooding challenges. Our new development in Nashville has lead to less permeable surface area, which makes stormwater runoff a greater challenge to our neighborhoods. Focusing on green infrastructure will help us address one of the costs of our growth.
* Diversify park funding. As Metro Parks noted in their 2017 “Plan to Play” master plan, our parks system is unusually dependent on a single source of funding compared to park systems in our peer cities. We need to find new ways to finance programs so residents can have greater access to these resources. Other cities have found new funding sources by creating citywide park improvement districts and by creating business improvement districts around parks, identifying sponsorship opportunities, and developing more robust public-private partnerships to support our parks.
* Expand green space. There are numerous opportunities to expand access to green space amidst Nashville’s development. We should prioritize bringing additional green space to North Nashville, the banks of the Cumberland, and places like District 30 in Southeast Nashville, which currently doesn’t have a single park. I would also like to work with the downtown residents and the business district to create an improved Riverfront Park along the southwestern bank of the Cumberland. We don’t need to cut down cherry trees to stage events–cities across North America have demonstrated that parks and cultural events can coexist.

For me, parks are a passion. I have always prioritized green space in my real estate development work because I know how critical it is for a city’s health and the health of future generations. As a council member, I am proud to stand by my record of supporting access to green space and preserving Nashville’s unique assets. Parks should be a shared space for all, and the resources, beauty, and programs they provide strengthen our community. As mayor, I will set clear goals for expanding access, identify new ways to support expansion and programming, and put parks at the center of the city’s health and wellness efforts. In my administration, Parks will play a central and valued role in helping Nashville continue to be and become more of the city we all want it to be.

POLICE AND PUBLIC SAFETY

Keeping people safe is the first job of government. Unfortunately, the current administration is failing the residents who need us most. It is also failing the men and women who serve us. Our young people face an epidemic of gun violence. Last year, we had nearly twice the number of 13-year-olds charged with violent crimes than in the year before. Too many people don’t feel safe in their own neighborhood. Between 2014 and 2018, auto thefts increased 280 percent. The number of murders doubled. Violent crime last year was at a level not seen in a decade. Yet our police department is understaffed by more than 130 positions.

We need to come together to address these challenges. You deserve a safe city where citizens and officers are treated fairly. Let me give you an example of why leadership from the Mayor’s Office matters on these important safety issues.

For many years, Nashville has used “hot spot” policing. This can be effective when used fairly and in a targeted fashion, but the use of traffic stops to try to disrupt crime grew too much over time. These stops can put both residents and officers in tense situations and there is evidence that they are prone to racial imbalances.

It is important to note that the Mayor’s Office had long had access to traffic stop data that revealed racial imbalances. It did not act on that data. It should not have taken sustained community activism to get leadership to pay attention. Metro has now significantly reduced traffic stops following the Policing Project’s report in November 2018; however, we should have changed course much earlier — at least after the Gideon’s Army report in 2016. It should not have taken the deaths of Jocques Clemmons and Daniel Hambrick in officer-involved shootings for this to happen. Our residents and our officers deserve better.

It is the job of the mayor to set clear goals, provide the resources necessary to realize those goals, and hold people accountable for results. Here are some of the approaches I will use to safeguard the public and strengthen the relationship between police officers and the communities they serve:

* Set clear goals. After consulting with residents and with police leadership, I will ask the police chief to set specific goals for reducing crime, reducing unnecessary uses of force, and improving public levels of satisfaction with the police. It is time for clear and consistent leadership. Mayor Briley has failed to provide that on issue after issue, notably on the community oversight board which he both opposed and supported. I voted for the COB because I support accountability at all levels of government.
* Measure results. Elected officials need to understand public perception of safety and policing. In addition to closely monitoring crime statistics, my administration will reinstitute the practice of conducting an annual survey to measure public levels of trust in the police. I will also listen to you. I pledge to attend police-resident meetings in every precinct each year as Mayor.
* Address our recruitment and retention problems. As of April 24, 2019, 31 sworn officers have resigned from the force this year. This represents a 93 percent increase in resignations compared to the same period in 2018. It costs the city approximately $75,000 to recruit and train each new officer. Mayor Briley’s recent proposal of a 6 percent pay increase for new officers is unfair to the officers who are currently on the force and it doesn’t solve our retention problem. The men and women who are already serving us deserve a pay raise too. Nashville needs all of the approximately 1,500 police positions funded.
* Strengthen community policing. Trust between police and the people they protect and serve is key to the stability of our communities, the integrity of our justice system, and the effectiveness of our police department. As mayor, I will work with our police chief to more seriously implement the proposals presented in the “President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing.” These best practices include engaging the community in positive, non-enforcement actions and measuring satisfaction through surveys. In consultation with our police department, I will also direct our department to identify proven, evidence-based programs to target our most serious challenges, such as gun violence.
* Community-wide cooperation. Our public safety agencies must work better together and with nonprofit and faith-based groups. I plan to create a public safety subcabinet that brings together representatives for MNPD, Sheriff, District Attorney, Public Defender, the Division of Youth Services, probation and parole, as well as representatives of nonprofit and faith-based groups, to identify problems and solutions. It is important that this effort include restorative justice advocates and other intervention advocates who are on the ground daily. The city needs private and nonprofit sector resources and expertise. I’ll work to amplify and increase the impact of the Metropolitan Nashville Police Support Fund to support the department and its leadership and to help it achieve deeper community engagement. We should give police executives greater exposure to best practices and provide officers with cutting edge training and assessment tools. We need implicit bias and de-escalation training that goes above-and-beyond the standards required by the State of Tennessee.
* Build a department that reflects the community it serves. Of the 1,435 MNPD sworn officers, only 157 are black and 137 are women. We must prioritize the recruitment of officers who reflect the diversity of the community they serve. That means targeted marketing and reaching out to HBCUs and minority police officer associations. A diverse police department is an effective police department.
* Support the officers who protect and serve us. Policing is a difficult and noble profession. The rank and file should be treated fairly by their superiors, just as the citizenry at large deserve to be treated fairly. Officers need technological support in the form of information systems that can talk to each other, and appropriate and necessary data and technology to respond quickly and safely. And for the difficulties of the job, police need need full access to mental health resources.

I consider this to be a working document. I want to hear your feedback and your ideas. Building a safer community requires setting goals. Setting goals begins with listening. As your mayor, my door will be open. Through neighborhood and precinct visits, surveys, and community forums, I will work to ensure that community residents are actively involved in reshaping our police department for the 21st century.

TRANSPORTATION

Nashville will grow more in the next five years than in the last five years. As we grow, we need to make sure that Nashville remains a livable city. That requires investments in infrastructure — in roads, traffic lights, sidewalks and crosswalks and in public transportation that residents use. We need transportation improvements that allow residents to get around the county better and experience all that Nashville has to offer.

We all agree that Nashville has traffic and transportation problems. Time spent in traffic is increasing. Pedestrian deaths are on the rise; 62 pedestrians have been killed in the last 3 years. Significantly less than half of Nashville’s streets have sidewalks. We have an inadequate and under-resourced bus system.

Nashville needs to address these problems. But instead of developing a plan to address them, the current administration is avoiding them. Instead of improving bus service, the mayor’s budget cuts services. Voters rejected last year’s transit plan supported by this mayor because it cost too much and delivered too little. Last year’s vote was on a specific plan and therefore should not be interpreted as a lack of countywide interest in funding the right plan. Instead of listening to these criticisms and developing a new plan, Mayor Briley has announced that if he is reelected there will be no plan in the next four years.

It’s time for a different approach. Nashville can’t wait five more years for transportation solutions. As mayor, I am committed to developing a people-first transportation plan that is focused on helping you get to where you work and where you live in a timely, safe, and cost-effective manner. Here are my guiding principles:

* Upgrade our bus system. One in four urban residents does not have access to a vehicle. Only 12.9% of Davidson County households live within a ½ mile of high-frequency bus service at rush hour. I’m committed to increasing that to 25% and also bringing the percentage of households living within a ½ mile of all-day frequent service up from 0% to 12.9%. I envision a robust bus network as the backbone of Nashville’s public transportation systems. This mayor’s budget underfunds WeGo by $8.7 million. The subsequent cuts in bus service are yet another example of the current administration not prioritizing the essential. The current mayor’s budget proposal would result in fares increasing by ten percent, the elimination of seven bus routes, and a reduction in service on another seven routes. Cutting routes and increasing fares harm those who rely on public transportation in this city. WeGo needs more funding, not less, to ensure that it is accessible, fast, frequent, and reliable. Let’s stop placing bus stops in ditches and instead create covered, well-lit stops where people can wait safely and comfortably. Let’s expand our sidewalk network so more people can walk to those bus stops. Let’s actually listen to the requests of those who use public transportation by having buses run more frequently and extend the hours buses operate. Other cities have had success making incremental improvements to their existing systems. Four years ago, Houston switched from a spoke-and-hub system similar to what Nashville has now to a grid model. It saw an immediate increase in bus ridership and decreases in trip times. Changing to a grid system and increasing the frequency of buses on key routes enabled Brampton, Ontario’s bus system to double ridership within 12 years. It is clear that Nashville would benefit from a move to more of a grid model as well, with more cross-town and connector routes.
* Tackle traffic, not just transit. I recognize that not every resident or visitor to Nashville will use the bus as their primary mode of transportation moving forward. Most won’t. Therefore, I will invest in common sense solutions to reduce the time spent in traffic, such as fixing problem intersections, utilizing smart traffic signals to better control traffic, widening turning lanes on key routes, and limiting construction lane closures. That said, it remains critical that we reduce our reliance on single-occupancy vehicle trips in order to both reduce street congestion and carbon emissions. Around 80% of downtown employees drive to work alone. I am encouraged by efforts like the Nashville Connector Transportation Demand Management (TDM), which encourages downtown workers to find transportation alternatives to driving. Moving forward, this program should have sustained support and all corporations that receive any sort of incentive funding from the city should be required to have strong TDM plans in place. Our downtown grid is made up of narrow streets; this means we must reduce the number of cars downtown by encouraging more people to ride the bus, carpool, or bike to work.
* Neighborhoods need infrastructure too. Sidewalks make walking safer. They encourage people to get out, exercise, and know their neighborhoods. Yet Metro hasn’t kept pace with the need for sidewalks. Metro has 1,900 miles of streets without sidewalks, and the WalkNBike plan identified 91 miles of high priority streets. Yet Metro has built only 6.2 miles of new sidewalks since 2016. Mayor Barry rightly made sidewalks a priority, but there is room for improvement in a system that still only has 16.2 miles of projects in progress. One hurdle is our expensive outsourced process including project management and right-of-way acquisition. We need to find ways to significantly lower our cost per linear foot of new sidewalk, which is over $1,000 per foot. As a cost savings measure, we should bring some of the sidewalk project work in-house at Metro Public Works because we know sidewalks are going to be a stable long-term capital spending need. My transportation plan will include funding for sidewalks because we can’t have an effective transportation system without them.
* Improve safety. Keeping people safe is the most fundamental job of government. Our notion of ‘public safety’ should include pedestrian and driver safety. The first year of my term will be focused on safety while we formulate a broader transportation plan. Improving safety means sidewalks, protected bikeways and intersection improvements. Nashville is a dangerous city to walk in. Twenty-three pedestrians were killed in Nashville in each of the past two years. Back in 2014, Metro Public Works took the time to identify the fifty most dangerous crossings for pedestrians in our city. How many of these intersections have been upgraded since then? Just four of them. Funding has been secured for improving many of them, but the work is happening too slowly. We can do better. As a candidate, I have held many conversations with residents who have mentioned that they would like not to rely on their car for each and every trip they make, but that they feel unsafe being a pedestrian. I want Nashvillians to feel safe as they move about the city. Given our level of pedestrian deaths and our lagging infrastructure, I am frankly unsurprised that many don’t choose to walk or bike — or that many scooter riders stay on the sidewalk. Building safer crosswalks and making strategic sidewalk connections should be prioritized in our city budget. Calming traffic in pedestrian-heavy areas using actual physical measures such as reduced lane widths, speed tables, raised crosswalks, roundabouts, curb extensions, and better lighting are reasonable cost solutions and best practices that we must implement. Cars drive too fast in our neighborhoods. I support the recommendation of a 25 mph maximum speed limit for neighborhood streets to ensure that residents are kept safe. Protected bikeways should be expanded; a recent study showed that protected bike infrastructure nearly halves the number of fatalities and results in fewer deaths of drivers and pedestrians too. Existing bikeways and sidewalks must be kept clear of parked cars, debris, and scooters. Scooters need to be effectively regulated, and that starts with enforcing existing regulations. We know where the problems in our neighborhoods are; Nashville needs a mayor who will address them.
* Create a Nashville Department of Transportation. Creating a Metro DOT was one of the recommendations within the Nashville Community Transportation Platform. If implemented well, a Metro Nashville Department of Transportation would help streamline and accelerate sidewalk construction, make safe street designs more likely to be implemented, and create a more effective home for an ambitious transportation demand management (TDM) program. Consolidating transportation functions that currently exist within Metro as well as bringing some contracted work back in-house would increase efficiency and cohesion of our transportation work.
* Develop a new transportation plan within the first year. Last year, Mayor Briley supported a transit plan that cost too much and delivered too little. Instead of figuring out what we could afford to spend and developing a plan that spent those dollars in the most cost-effective way possible, mayoral aides figured out how much we could borrow and came up with a plan to go big. That was a mistake, but this mayor hasn’t learned the right lessons from it. Instead of coming back with a more responsible plan, Mayor Briley has said that if he is reelected, he will not bring another plan before voters in the next four years. Nashville can’t wait five years for solutions to our traffic and transportation problems. As mayor, I will bring a fiscally-responsible plan to voters within my first year in office. I will start by listening to the residents of this city. I commit to creating and publishing a public engagement plan for transportation planning, something the current Mayor has not done. Creating an equitable transportation plan starts with changing the public planning process to make it more inclusive. We need a planning process that seeks community input as the foundation for our transportation plan, so that the final product is a plan that voters support. My administration will listen to your ideas and concerns, and propose a plan to directly address those ideas and concerns. Many were wary of the 2018 transit plan because it used a regressive sales tax to fund a plan that concentrated benefits in a relatively small percentage of our neighborhoods. If, in the future, we move to use a regressive funding mechanism for a transportation plan, we need to be hyper-vigilant that improvements are distributed equitably across the county.

Voters overwhelmingly decided that last year’s transit plan wasn’t the right plan for Nashville right now. The Let’s Move Nashville plan was built with too little consultation with residents and neighborhoods. It was driven by a desire to go as big as possible, not a realistic assessment of our needs. I was the only countywide elected official who campaigned against it, and I did so because it simply was not the right plan for Nashville.

But rejecting a bad plan is no reason not to present a good one. I believe that Nashvillians are ready to address this problem. Doubters will say that it isn’t possible to come up with a transportation plan in a year. But we aren’t starting from scratch. There were good elements in last year’s plan and we largely know what needs to be done. The outline of a cost-effective transit plan is already visible in proposals such as the Nashville Community Transportation Platform. I was the first candidate for mayor to endorse it. I have too much optimism in Nashville to believe that we need another four or five years to come up with a comprehensive transportation plan.

These are my ideas. What would you like to see Metro do to improve your experience moving throughout the county? Send me your thoughts. With your help and support, we can create a city that works for everyone — and that moves everyone.

RESTORING TRUST

Nashville is at a crossroads. For the past four years, I have served as an at-large Metro Council member. In the process, I’ve learned a lot about how this city is being run. What I’ve learned concerns me. Simply put, the Mayor’s office has lost track of the public’s priorities. It values promoting development, not protecting our quality of life. It has given millions of dollars in taxpayer funds to developers who don’t need them and has ignored our schools, our traffic, and our affordable housing crisis.

Misplaced priorities and missed opportunities aren’t the only problems. City hall is also mismanaging taxpayers’ money. A culture of secrecy and entitlement has grown up where there should be transparency and accountability. In deal after deal, the taxpayer is getting the short end of the stick. One of the primary reasons I am running for mayor is to change that.

Let me provide a few examples:

* Fifth and Broadway, the site of our old convention center, was probably the most valuable piece of undeveloped property in the Southeastern United States. Yet in 2015, Metro sold the property to a developer for a mere $5 million due at closing plus $6.25 million over 25 years. The property’s true value was many times that. That is all money that could have gone to affordable housing. Nashville taxes then paid to build a $34 million parking garage on the site for the developer. That’s not all our taxpayers paid for. In the fall of 2018, the developer received a $25 million tax increment financing loan via a tax-exempt bond from the Metro Development and Housing Authority. Private developers, not the public, were the winners.
* The previous administration proposed handing over 21 acres of Fort Negley Park to private developers in exchange for $1 million over 10 years, plus infrastructure improvements. Fort Negley Park is one of Nashville’s most historic sites. I quickly joined a broad coalition that formed to stop this giveaway. Vice-Mayor David Briley stayed silent. We succeeded in saving Fort Negley. Today, it is a UNESCO ‘Site of Memory.’ Yet instead of protecting other parks and public spaces, Mayor Briley has continued to attempt to sell them off. He steered ten acres of public land at the Fairgrounds to private development. He attempted to sell eleven wooded acres at Trinity Ridge. He proposed auctioning off Edgehill Community Memorial Park. Finally, he tried to swap Church Street Park downtown to a private developer offering a less valuable parcel. The pattern is clear. Bad deals and park giveaways will end when I become mayor.
* A responsible city needs to evaluate opportunities systematically and openly. That didn’t happen when major league soccer came to Nashville. Instead of running a site selection that invited public input, city hall offered to build the stadium in Fairgrounds, with no consideration of its impact on such current uses as the State Fair. Then, to the surprise of the city council, City Hall awarded 10 additional acres to the developer. Building the stadium itself should have been enough of an incentive for a soccer team. We should not have included a bonus of ten acres at the Fairgrounds beyond the incentive of the stadium. At the same time, Mayor Briley was patching a budget hole with ill-advised one-time property sales, his administration steered ten acres at the Fairgrounds into private hands. City hall has sold land with its right hand and awarded it away with its left.

Economic incentives have their place. However, Nashville needs a mayor who will make sure the taxpayers come out ahead. As a former banker and a long-time businessman, I’ll do the math to make sure developments benefit taxpayers. Development should serve the needs of this city, not the other way around.

Nashville deserves better deals. My business experience and my time on the council have given me the skills and the knowledge to do better for our taxpayers. But I am also committed to helping the city do better. That means ending the culture of secrecy, evasiveness, and insider dealing that have taken root at city hall. Consider the following examples:

* Earlier this year, Mayor Briley proposed a “parking modernization” plan that would result in private management of our street parking, an increase in fees and fines, and a doubling (at the very least) of the number of parking meters. The real purpose of the plan was to raise $30 million to plug a hole in this year’s budget. This is short-term thinking at its worst. However, even this was botched. The first time the parking deal was awarded, Metro miscalculated the bids and released an intent to award to a company that bid $74 million less than another company. The next iteration also had serious problems. One was the lack of details. The parking plan did not include a business plan, finalized rates, a map of where new meters would go, or a firm commitment to the number of additional metered spaces. I and many others objected to this proposal. In response, Mayor Briley announced that he was “hitting the pause button” on his parking plan. However, his budget continues to include the parking meter proposal and is expected to bring it up again after the election.
* Parking meters aren’t the only issue over which his administration has thrown a veil of secrecy. The Mayor’s Office has used broad claims of executive privilege and deliberative process to avoid open records requests by members of the press, in order to keep negotiations, plans, and communications secret. Furthermore, Mayor Briley’s staff retaliated against a member of the press by removing him from their press communications list. This is an administration that seeks to avoid transparency. That is worrisome.
* In 2017, Metro Council passed a three-year pay plan that included modest cost of living adjustments for Metro employees. Then, in his first State of Metro speech, Mayor Briley urged “belt-tightening” to explain taking away employee cost of living raises. Teachers actually saw their take-home pay decline due to rising insurance premiums. It was later revealed that Mayor Briley had given merit pay raises to his personal staff.
* Consider the current discussions around purchasing the Morris Memorial Building. The building sits adjacent to a parking lot that was central to city hall’s proposed Church Street Park land swap. The proposed purchase was kept quiet from council members, and Mayor Briley has not yet said what the intended use of the building would be. The Mayor’s Office has an option agreement to purchase the building at 10 percent above appraised value; meanwhile Metro has sold our own properties for less than the appraised value.
* Mayor Briley opposed the Community Oversight Board. His first budget removed promised cost of living raises for employees. Neither of the budgets he has proposed as mayor have increased funding for affordable housing by a single dollar. Yet his campaign is touting those three areas as accomplishments.
* The Mayor’s Office has seemingly politicized the operations of the Metro Finance Department. In 2018, budget issues were kept quiet until the last minute, presumably to boost the chances of the transit referendum passing. At the June 4, 2018, Budget and Finance Committee meeting, Metro Finance stated that the fund balance was well below the 5% threshold — and that the pay plan had to be vacated due to this fiscal emergency. Subsequently, on August 30, 2018, Metro Finance formally declared that in seeking to reach and maintain a 5% fund balance, Metro could not afford a mere $50,000 for a referendum on the soccer stadium deal. The 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report showed that the fund balance was, in fact, at 5.5% at the end of June 2018, well above the 5 percent threshold.

It’s time for a change.

As Mayor, I will put taxpayers first when it comes to negotiating development deals. I will do the math and negotiate good deals for this city. I will collaborate with Metro Council to craft real solutions to our challenges. I won’t hide what I am doing. Accountability begins with transparency. Here are some of the changes I will pursue in my first year in office:

* I’ll put taxpayers first when it comes to negotiating development deals. That means ensuring that new developments do not merely add to the costs of growth. Getting a dividend from our growth means including affordable housing as part of every development Metro incentivizes. It means ensuring that locals benefit from jobs being brought here, not just new arrivals.
* I will shift the focus of the Mayor’s Office away from political posturing and public relations to serving the needs of our residents, local businesses, and neighborhoods.
* I will work with Metro Council to create an independent Metro Inspector General. This will be an independent office to work with the independent Office of Internal Audit. It will identify and prevent fraud and waste across the system.
* I will work with Metro Council to develop an enforceable ethics code that would apply to all Metro departments and employees. It will include clear rules to regulate the use and supervision of outside consultants.
* I will work with journalists, free press experts, and government agencies to review Metro’s current open records practices, to make sure that the public’s work is being done in a lawful, transparent, and public way.
* I will conduct performance audits of metro departments and agencies to increase transparency of how our tax dollars are being spent and identify areas for improvement.

Public trust is easy to lose. But we can rebuild trust with a new start and a new attitude: Government serves the people, and the people deserve the truth.

I’d like to hear your thoughts and ideas. With your help and support, we can create a city that works for everyone.

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

Though Mayor Briley disagrees, Nashville is in the midst of an affordable housing crisis. Between 2011 and 2017, rents in Nashville rose by 64 percent. During the same period, wages rose by only 14 percent. Not surprisingly, half of all renters and a quarter of all homeowners now spend more than 30 percent of their income on housing. Rising rents and gentrification have pushed many residents out of their homes. Before we can talk about neighborhoods, we must deal with housing.

As everyone in Nashville knows, the private market has responded to the demand for housing. As Nashville grows, developers are building more apartments and more houses. That’s a good thing. Increasing the supply of housing is an important first step to addressing costs. But it’s not enough. Most new units are priced for affluent renters and buyers. Middle class residents need options too. So do our workforce and lower income residents. By 2025, Nashville is projected to have a shortfall of 31,000 housing units for low-income residents. The market alone will not address this problem.

Affordable housing isn’t simply about putting roofs over people’s heads; it’s about creating community. Having access to secure housing allows families and neighborhoods to thrive. Children do better in school; mental and physical well-being improves; seniors remain more socially connected and live longer; residents’ mental and physical wellness improves, particularly when people live close to where they work.

I have spent my career in finance, real estate development, and project management. I know how to manage large, complex projects. No one in the mayor’s race understands the real estate development and financing market better than I do. After four years on the city council, I’ve seen what Metro is doing to address the housing problem. The answer is not much. In the past couple of months, this administration has talked a lot about its affordable housing plan. Look closely, though, and you will see a plan that is all sound bite and no substance. In short, this administration is faking it.

A press release pretending to be a plan.

Briley wants to give the impression that he is hard at work addressing the affordable housing crisis through his Under One Roof affordable housing proposal. However, his one-page proposal is completely inadequate. Here is how Mayor Briley’s $750 million headline number breaks out:

* “Made-up” money. $250 million, one-third of the total, comes from imaginary “private-sector philanthropy.” This is imaginary budgeting. Local foundations and the private sector have made no such commitments. Wishful thinking won’t build housing units.
* Bailing out MDHA. The Metro Development and Housing Agency (MDHA) is the city agency responsible for public housing. It is important to remember that we need both effective public housing as well as privately developed affordable housing for the community. MDHA is one of Metro’s least transparent agencies, and not always in alignment with our needs today. The MDHA has long insisted that it has sufficient funding to carry out its Envision projects, without additional funding from the city. Mayor Briley’s plan would allocate an additional $350 million to the agency over ten years. In exchange, the public will receive — accordingly to the mayor’s one-page press release — “at least 1,000 deeply affordable units…plus another 1,600 affordable and workforce housing units.” This is a disturbingly low number of units for a $350 million investment.
* Claiming credit for future funding. $150 million in Mayor Briley’s plan is an investment in the Barnes Fund, the city’s affordable housing fund. This is an exaggeration. Metro already allocates $10 million per year to the Barnes Fund. The mayor’s plan envisions increasing the city’s contribution by $5 million a year. Mayor Briley’s current budget proposal amazingly does not include any new funds for the Barnes Fund, certainly not $5 million a year. The Barnes Fund has done great work, but the funding is too unpredictable from year to year. The Barnes Fund needs a dependable source of funding and I will work with the community to create one.

In short, the mayor’s supposedly three-quarter billion dollar housing investment is made up of unsecured promises for private contributions and a reframing of pre-existing funding and development plans.

The real solutions we need.

We can do better, and as mayor, I will do better. Here are some of my ideas.

* Make affordable housing central to everything we do. Metro needs to make affordable housing central to every incentive that it gives. We’ve created a lot of growth but the growth has increased rents and priced people out of their neighborhoods. As the city continues to grow, housing should be a part of every development incentive deal, but it hasn’t been. I have already cosponsored legislation that would match affordable housing dollars with incentive dollars. I will also explore ways to use tax increment financing for affordable housing with the end goal of putting workers closer to jobs. Per state law, TIF loan proceeds may not pay for unit construction but can fund land acquisition and site preparation. Metro’s TIF Study & Formulating Committee report from May 2019 stated, “there is no written strategy or policy in Nashville about when or how to use TIF on affordable housing projects.” As mayor, I will define a strategy.
* Improve the functioning of the MDHA. MDHA has lost track of its mission. In recent years, it has financed a parking garage for a luxury condo development downtown, and given tax increment financing to hotels and other luxury developments. I want the Metro Development and Housing Agency to focus on the housing part of its mission, rather than just the development aspect.
* Establish a revolving loan fund for affordable housing. As mayor, I will lead the way in establishing a $25 million revolving loan fund for affordable housing that can be seeded with a $10 million investment from Metro. We will then solicit $15 million in investments from foundations, businesses, and individuals.

This is not a new city expenditure, nor is it an unrealistic request to the private and not-for-profit sector to simply give us money. Rather, this self-replenishing fund will be an investment that can generate returns and have a multiplier effect on housing creation. With access to a $25 million revolving housing fund, community development corporations and other builders will be able to access approximately $250 million in funding from banks and other lenders to build affordable housing. As this program succeeds, investment amounts can be increased. This is by far the most cost-effective way to build new affordable housing.

* Preserve existing housing. Building new housing is expensive. Preserving existing affordable housing is much more cost effective. Affordable housing financing is complicated. With my deep background in development, I know that an experienced team can leverage tax credits for preservation. That will allow us to preserve existing units. Under my leadership, I will ensure that we are maximizing the affordable housing subsidies we grant and that federal, state, and local sources work together.
* Bring real expertise to housing policy. Addressing the challenge of affordable housing requires more than one or two staff people in the mayor’s office. We need to bring real expertise to housing policy and get it out from under the political purview of the Mayor’s Office. As your mayor, I will facilitate the creation of a real ten-year plan to preserve and create a meaningful number of affordable housing units at an appropriate price with measurable results. One key task is examining how Metro currently coordinates efforts across departments in this area. The need to make certain changes is already evident. The current One Roof public funds should be reallocated to support needs-based solutions. The PILOT ordinance could be expanded beyond Low Income Housing Tax Credit projects to include all affordable housing projects funded by the Barnes Fund, THDA grants. We should use nonprofit groups to leverage other federal and state housing funds for affordable housing in Nashville. Additionally, I will create an affordable housing board of public entities, for-profit developers, nonprofits, and elected officials, including Metro council members and state legislators, to identify obstacles and challenges to affordable housing projects, and propose evidence-based solutions that could work in our city.
* Improve residents’ access to services. Under the current system, it’s hard for people who need help to get it. We need to find better ways to communicate and work with homeowners and renters who are experiencing housing instability. We also need to work with nonprofits, churches, neighborhood associations, and others to figure out the needs of each community. As Mayor, I will ask Metro’s Planning Commission to work with each Metro Council member to create a description of what affordable housing would best fit within their community and how affordable housing can support and enhance the quality of life for residents. Guiding principles for what high quality affordable housing looks like across the city will give developers something to respond to and will allow opportunities for community input.
* Increase Transparency. I am committed to increasing transparency on how funding is used to address the affordable housing crisis in our city. We will conduct and publish performance audits to confirm that that money we allocate is being used where it should be used. Auditing the Barnes Fund and Nashville’s HUD HOME/CDBG grants and process will ensure that we maximize the impact and the speed necessary for better results. We will also audit and track the use of General Obligation bonds by MDHA.

Nashville is going to grow more in the next five years than in the last five years. We need to welcome everyone who comes, and honor everyone who is already here. My task as mayor will be to manage that growth and address the costs of growth, one of which is affordability. As mayor, I will commit to doing the hard work of getting affordable housing right. That will require working through many layers of complexity to maximize our existing and future resources that can be devoted to creating and maintaining affordable housing units. We will do the hard work because we care about our neighbors, our neighborhoods, and in creating conditions that allow us all to call Nashville home.

I want to hear your thoughts and ideas. With your help and support, we can create a city that works for everyone.

FISCAL ACCOUNTABILITY

Finance is the foundation of everything a city does. Sound fiscal management will allow us to get beyond this moment of financial stress. Better management of taxpayer money will free up resources for priorities like education and infrastructure.

Metro has picked up some bad financial habits in recent years. The current course of deficit spending and selling assets for short-term operating funds is unsustainable. Metro’s revenue grew by over 19% between 2013 and 2018, yet education, transportation and affordable housing are still underfunded. Payments on our rising debt have limited the investments that can be made in education and affordable housing. But that has not stopped Metro from awarding incentives to developers instead of investing services that benefit residents. Metro needs a reset of priorities and leadership. Shared prosperity begins with fiscal sanity and people-centric growth.

I voted against a property tax hike last year and this year. It is a false choice that our only option is to approve Briley’s parking privatization plan or increase property taxes. There are other options. The city has other revenue sources than just the property tax.

As for parking privatization, I will not as mayor be sending that to council. I have been strongly opposed to it, and it requires future council action for it to happen. You can change the bad things in this mayor’s budget by changing the mayor.

The city needs to benefit more from tourism revenues. The number one thing I have heard on the campaign is the desire for the tourism space to cover its own costs and not impose them on the resident taxpayer. Tourism is an important part of our city’s economy and identity, but it is time for the tourist economy to stand on its own two feet. We can obtain additional revenue from tourism and development. Part of that revenue is from the surplus already being collected by other local government agencies such as the Convention Center Authority. It would be easy to raise property taxes, but there are other revenue sources that need to be utilized.

I’ve consistently favored the good management approach over a sizable property tax increase. Only a mayor can turn the page and usher in an era of good management, but the effort has already begun via Metro council action. One year ago, I led the formation of the Blue Ribbon Commission to identify targeted savings and revenue opportunities. The first year of the BRC was a partial success, but real support from the Mayor’s Office is crucial to realizing the potential of the process.

Here are some examples that illustrate our city’s misplaced priorities when it comes to managing Nashville’s money:

Omni Hotel

When the convention center was built, Metro handed out massive incentives to bring in a luxury hotel. Taxpayers footed the bill for the Omni by providing $61.56 million in tax increment financing (TIF), a 62.5% property tax abatement for 20 years, and $245.5 million in cash payments over 20 years. All-in, we paid Omni more than the hotel cost to build! The TIF loan was enough to cover Omni’s $26.5 million land cost back in 2010. The 62.5% property tax abatement was worth $2.28 million to Omni last year alone. Giving the abatement on top of TIF created an unusual circumstance in which the Omni development doesn’t pay back its own TIF loan. Property tax revenue from other properties has to cover the difference. It is worth pointing out that the Metro General Fund only receives 1/6th of total hotel taxes collected countywide. So in 2018, the General Fund saw $15.86 million in hotel tax. That same year, Omni received a $2.28 million tax break plus a $12 million cash payment.

More luxury hotel incentives:

The Westin Hotel received $14 million of tax increment financing in 2014.
The Thompson Hotel received $4 million of TIF in 2015.
The Dream Hotel received $6.5 million of TIF in 2016.
The Joseph Hotel received $4.5 million of TIF in 2018.

5th & Broadway

Fifth & Broadway, the site of our old convention center, was probably the most valuable piece of undeveloped property in the Southeastern United States. Yet in 2015, Metro sold the property to a developer for a mere $5 million due at closing plus $6.25 million over 25 years. The property’s true value was many times that. That additional money could have gone to affordable housing. Nashville taxes then paid to build a $34 million parking garage on the site for the developer. That’s not all our taxpayers paid for. In the fall of 2018, the developer received a $25 million tax increment financing loan via a tax-exempt bond from the Metro Development and Housing Authority. Private developers, not the public, were the winners.

Nashville Yards

In February 2019, a deal orchestrated by Mayor Briley passed through Metro council with only three votes in opposition. Metro agreed to give $15.2 million to the developers of Nashville Yards, the future home of Amazon. This agreement was in addition to the Amazon incentives. In effect, Metro is paying to help build a development and secure the tenant of a lifetime for the developer. Here is what I said at the time: “Once again, we are using taxpayer money to subsidize the wealthiest, and once again we don’t need to. We are handing subsidies out due to habit.”

Tourism taxes

The taxes collected for the Convention Center Authority will reach $136 million this year, for an annual surplus of $60 million. The Convention Center Authority will have an estimated unrestricted cash balance of $190 million. I began the process for recapturing some of this revenue to cover costs downtown, but more needs to be done. The Music City Center does not pay property taxes; perhaps it should before we raise residents’ property taxes.

Police Overtime for Private Events

Police officers logged 17,770 overtime hours during the NFL Draft weekend. As Channel 5 reported, MNPD spent more than $4 million on special events overtime through the end of April. That compares to less than one million dollars in all of 2006. Police overtime is a drain on Metro’s general fund and many officers don’t like mandatory overtime. Private events need to begin paying for their own costs.

Private development at Fairgrounds

At the same time Mayor Briley was patching a budget hole with ill-advised one-time property sales, his administration steered ten acres at the Fairgrounds into private hands. Briley awarded ten additional acres to the developer for mixed-use private development. Building the stadium itself should have been enough of an incentive for a soccer team. We should not have included a bonus of ten acres at the Fairgrounds beyond the incentive of the stadium. City hall has sold land with its right hand and awarded it away with its left.

Parking

The current mayor’s parking privatization proposal is not the first time Metro has made mistakes regarding parking. When Metro sold the Clement Landport, it received net $15,000 per space for hundreds of parking spaces in the Gulch. Meanwhile, Metro built parking spaces for private developments downtown for well over $45,000 per space.

Ben West Public Library

In 2017, Metro sold the historic Ben West Library building and only got $2 million. It is a historic 55,000 square foot building with parking. I was one of two votes against the sale. Here is what I said at the time: “I feel that we will regret selling this site for $2 million. It’s located across from what will be the amazing new federal courthouse and what will be a glamorous part of town. The city has had a string of valuable assets downtown — jewels in our crown — and each has been sold for too little. We have divested ourselves of these public jewels and we will wish that we had it back.”

Rolling Mill Hill land sale

Also in 2017, the Metro Development and Housing Agency sold 2.76 acres south of Broadway at the Rolling Mill Hill development. The developer paid MDHA $9.4 million, but the land was actually worth many millions more, perhaps double. MDHA also gave the developer a tax-increment financing payment of $7.9 million. Here is what I said at the time: “My concern is that Nashville gets the fair value of the assets that it owns. This is clearly an extremely valuable piece of property, and we need to get the fair value of it for taxpayers. In effect, we are giving away a piece of land for $1.5 million net.” Metro needs to begin doing business with the taxpayer in mind.

Opryland Waterpark

Metro gave Opryland Hotel an estimated $14 million incentive package to build a private waterpark in 2017. The arrangement froze property taxes for the Ryman facility. Nashville residents are only able to use the waterpark if they book a stay as a resort guest. Here is what I said at the time: “I express my own reluctance to let groups pay their fair share of property taxes, and we will fail as a community if you let that happen. Everytime that we need in the future something for our districts: a reading instructor for our children, a policeman, a body camera, or a stormwater drain, we will know where to find it — and you’ll find it in the Opryland swimming pool. And literally that is where it will be.”

Lifeway

As the Nashville Scene reported in 2016, Metro awarded a “$3.5 million package aimed at sweetening LifeWay’s plans to move their headquarters from one part of downtown to a different part of downtown.” I was the only vote in opposition. I said at the time that Nashville had become a swan and that Metro needed to raise our expectations for developers. “We have to expect a payback from it because we are depriving schools and children of the same money that could have gone to these other groups.”

Debt

Metro has issued or obligated itself to issue $2.6 billion in new general obligation bonds to cover spending, since 2015. The State of Tennessee only has $1.9 billion in total general obligation bonds outstanding. Our total issued and obligated general obligation debt is now about $4.5 billion. This is with the assumption that there will be no new capital spending in the years ahead. General obligation debt will be $6,500 per person in Davidson County – this is one of the highest per capita debt burdens in the country.

Our issued and obligated debt per capita has almost doubled since 2015, even accounting for our population growth. Metro deficits over the last three years are bigger proportionally than the Federal government’s during the same time frame. Metro’s deficit in 2018 was 15% larger than our entire sales tax collections. The increase in debt service payments since 2013 would essentially fund our entire police department.

My commitments

As mayor, I will put taxpayers first in negotiations. I will end the giveaway culture that is more focused on enriching a small elite than serving our entire city. I will re-evaluate the use of incentives so that they go to projects supporting community improvement rather than downtown development. I will provide robust support for the Blue Ribbon Commission to identify savings and revenue opportunities. We need to conduct performance audits of Metro departments and agencies to increase the transparency of how tax dollars are spent and identify areas for improvement. I also support creating an independent Metro Inspector General. This will be an independent office that will work with the independent Office of Internal Audit to identify and prevent fraud and waste across Metro government.

City leaders have been exceptionally creative with financing deals to help private developers, but that creativity and dedication is missing in action when it comes time to fund our schools, take care of our employees and create affordable housing.

Nashville’s taxpayers deserve a mayor who will stop this unsustainable cycle – a mayor who understands that tourism dollars should be going to improve the lives of residents, rather than residents’ dollars going to tourism. We need to reign in deficit spending because it hampers our ability to pay for essential services. I am running for mayor to provide sound financial management, recapture tourism revenues, end a culture of giveaways, and get our city’s finances back on track. With your help and support, we can create a city that works for everyone.

EDUCATION

Nashville is booming and employers from around the country want to be here. In order to be a successful city, we must be a well-educated city. Education is key to sustainable growth that benefits the whole community. Metro Government has invested heavily in downtown development in recent years, yet has lost its focus on the city’s essential responsibilities. Metro Nashville Public Schools has been under-resourced for too long while downtown has a surplus. For the past two years the money going towards public schools has represented just under 40% of Metro’s general operating budget.

The lack of prioritization of schools has led to troubling outcomes for many students. The number of schools in the bottom five percent statewide has increased to 21. Only 27.4 percent of MNPS students were on track to meet grade level standards last year. Additionally, only 13.8% of economically disadvantaged students met literacy benchmarks in 2018. Due to generations of underinvestment in certain neighborhoods, low-income students and students of color are frequently left behind in our current system; in some neighborhoods, students move from a low-performing elementary school to a low-performing middle-school and into a low-performing high school. And we need to keep taking steps to address chronic absenteeism. Approximately 18% of MNPS students missed at least 10% of school days last year. And despite an estimated 60% of jobs in Nashville requiring a postsecondary degree or certificate, only 24% of recent MNPS graduates complete a degree within six years of graduation.

Despite the challenges, there is much to celebrate about our school system. Here are just a few examples. The Academies of Nashville have long been seen as a national model for career and technical education in high schools, and are often credited for improving high school graduation rates. One example I like to highlight is the solar farm project at Whites Creek High School. Over 375 businesses are connected to high schools through the Academies program. Additionally, the wrap-around support of the Community Achieves program is helping improve student and community outcomes. Another recent success is that MNPS secured a $13.4 million federal grant to provide targeted services to increase enrollment and retention in postsecondary programs for students from ten high-poverty schools.

I am running for Mayor to ensure that all of Nashville’s residents and neighborhoods are able to benefit from our city’s growth. This requires investment in human capital.

As mayor, I will:

Secure Resources for Public Schools

Our biggest challenge as a city is making schools our top priority. My business background makes me uniquely situated to take on this challenge. As a council member, I created the Blue Ribbon Commission to identify $20 million in savings for Metro Government. This is money that can be used to invest in schools. As mayor, I will continue to exact the same scrutiny on the budget to ensure that our schools have the resources they need to succeed. I will join the voices of those advocating at the state level for revisions to the BEP formula to better account for the needs of urban districts and secure more funding for our schools. Financial management and finding other revenues from tourism and development is the mechanism through which we will find additional funding for education. See more in my Fiscal Accountability policy statement.

Invest in Human Capital

As mayor, I will prioritize investments in human capital through education in order to ensure that everyone benefits from Nashville’s growth by bringing education’s share of the budget to the level of our peers. As mayor, I will commit to directing over half of new revenue into our school system.

Use Mayor’s Office to Set Tone and Expectations

All students have the right to high quality education. As mayor, I will support current school leadership and help the school board recruit a great candidate for Director of Schools. I will prioritize having a strong working relationship with the council in order to bring the focus back to students. I will demand that district leadership and school board are aligned and focused on improving student outcomes, will set measurable and achievable goals for improvement, and will hold accountable to the goals that we set. Because all students from all neighborhoods need to have access to high-quality educational experiences, I will be especially focused on reducing equity gaps in student outcomes. It isn’t enough to be the fastest improving urban district if there are students who are left behind. As mayor, I will expect that our schools get great results for all kids and will celebrate the achievements of those that do.

Teachers are the Developers We Need to Support

I frequently say that teachers are the real developers that we need to support. Educators deserve to be treated as the professionals they are; these are the individuals who are preparing our kids for the future. They are not currently valued as they should be, and teacher recruitment and retention has suffered as a result. Over half of teachers are leaving the district within their first three years of teaching. The increased cost of living in Nashville has made it difficult for many educators to afford to live in the county. Most teachers ended up with lower take-home pay last year because of rising health insurance premiums. This is a problem. Wage stagnation makes it hard to sustain a career in teaching; it shouldn’t take 18 years of teaching in MNPS with a Master’s degree to reach $60,000 per year. As mayor, I am committed to finding mechanisms to not simply provide one-time raises for teachers but also finding a longer-term, sustainable vision for teacher salaries that provide the opportunity for more growth over time.

Connect Schools with their Communities

Research shows that teachers are the most important factor that affects student learning inside of schools, but non-school factors have a greater impact on student achievement outcomes. Over half of MNPS students are economically disadvantaged, and many students have been affected by challenges such as trauma, violence, and food or housing insecurity. Basic needs need to be met in order for students to meet their full potential. The district and non-profit partners such as STARS, the Oasis Center and the Martha O’Bryan Center have been working hard to support successful student outcomes. I am a supporter of collective impact programs like Community Achieves, which has brought community partners into 22 MNPS schools to focus on improving family engagement, college and career readiness, health, and social services. I see it as part of my role as mayor to convene and connect community resources to the schools so that students receive the support needed to succeed in an intentional and systematic way.

These are some of my ideas for how I can best serve students as mayor. I invite you to share what you’d like to see moving forward so we can continue this discussion. I realize that it is not enough to say that we believe in the power of education; we must make the investments in human capital to ensure that all students can make the lives they want and fully participate in our city. Nashville’s future depends on the quality of education we provide to our students today. With your help and support, Nashville’s schools will work for everyone.[59]

|  ”

|
|

—John Cooper[62]

### Carol Swain[edit]

The following were found on Swain's campaign website.

“  |

INITIAL PRIORITIES
Affordable Housing

Making Sure The Quality Of Life Is Going Up, Not Just The Cost Of Living

Time for a Change

We have heard from Metro employees, developers, and residents alike that one avenue for affordable housing improvement is to audit the nearly 2,000 parcels of land owned by the Metro Government and identify sites where private developers can be offered access specifically to produce $150,000-200,000 homes, a price point much more within reach that current options for those with incomes in the $50,000 range. These projects must proceed within a fair and transparent bidding process, not just another sweetheart deal for a politically connected firm. Organizations like Habitat for Humanity should also be a part of the equation. The goal is not to create Section 8 housing, but rather to leverage underutilized city resources to facilitate modular, prefab homes to create additional affordable housing options for residents.

Blueprint For Nashville
New Opportunities for Affordability

Strive To Keep Nashville Affordable For Working Families
Government land usage for apartment complexes can also be pursued, with a goal of creating units with rent in the $600-1,000 range for 1 to 2 bedrooms.

Currently, a 1-bedroom apartment averages $1,100 and a 2-bedroom averages $1,400. Again, this isn’t the same as Section 8 housing, it isn’t intended to compete with MDHA or Barnes Fund, it will just be an effort to use the tools at hand to produce more housing options at prices people can better afford.

Using Opportunity Zones
Additionally, we can leverage “Opportunity Zones”. Carol has made connections with White House affiliates, who see this as a proven method to revitalize not only a distressed part of town, but the people who live in that part of town as well. The Governors of every state have already identified Opportunity Zones and the Treasury, and the IRS have certified those Zones (there are 176 in TN). A brief description of how it works is: A group of people, or one individual, can take their capital gains and create an opportunity fund. They will then determine what the needs are in a distressed area. After that, they will use the money from the fund to develop whatever they’ve decided on. It can be homes, businesses, production facilities etc. and they will receive a tax incentive on their capital gains depending on how long they keep their money invested.

If the money stays invested in the Opportunity Zone for up to 10 years, they will pay 0% on their capital gains. This will be locally led yet federally facilitated which means we can get creative with different solutions for Nashville specifically. For example, we can freeze property taxes in Opportunity Zones to keep costs low.

Transportation Solutions
Dr. Carol Swain’s Plan On Traffic/Transit/Infrastructure

Common sense solutions for Nashville’s rapid growth

As mayor, I will work with metro city council to implement short-term and long-term solutions for addressing the congestion affecting our city and surrounding counties. These include evaluating and selecting among competing transit proposals such as Intelligent Transit for Nashville and improved bus service, use of rideshare technology, and encouraging employers to adopt flex-time for employees to reduce rush hour congestion.

We must look for a regional system that can make a real impact for all of Nashville, and easily be scaled to work with the surrounding counties. As voters we should be given choices. Not told the only solution is all or nothing, like the previous and current administration.

We have done extensive research on Nashville traffic and its infrastructure. What has previously been viewed as a daunting task is very doable. Here’s how it breaks down:

Blueprint For Nashville
Improving Nashville Transit

Develop Affordable, Common Sense Transit Solutions

Short Term

1\. There are 50 identified intersections where we can install smart traffic lights. These lights will assist with active transportation and demand management (ATDM). The lights will accurately detect the flow of traffic and drastically reduce the amount of time a person sits at a light relative to the time of day/night.

2\. We can improve transportation demand management (TDM) by staggering work times for the largest employers in Nashville. Clay Bright and Lyndsay Botts from TDOT have informed us that 7am-9am is the most challenging time to drive in the morning. Some shifts can start earlier, and some can start later. As mayor and leader of Metro, I will implement staggered times for Metro employees as well. This will culminate to thousands of cars off the roads.

3\. Work from home technology is now more cost effective and readily available. While some employees need to be on the job site, many can work from home and be just as effective. More people at home means less people on the roads.

4\. We can also work with companies to incentivize employees to use rideshare apps when going to and from work. This will help achieve commute trip reduction (CTR).

Long Term

In other cities, they utilize what’s referred to as “Bus on Shoulder” where a city bus carrying people in or out of town (depending on the time of day) is designated to only drive on the shoulder of the road. Therefore, making ones commute more streamlined during rush hour. *Note, our MTA budget is $82 million and of that $82M, city buses get a $49M subsidy.

Since this is the case, we will replace the majority of “We Go” city buses with “uber type vans”. The buses will still operate during rush hour on major routes. Uber Type Vans will operate with more flexibility than a city bus. We will reallocate the wasted and misused $82M to create an efficient system where people can call a van to pick them up, thus eliminating an antiquated bus route that takes someone all over the city just to go 3 miles. During rush hour, some of the vans will be dedicated to “Bus on Shoulder” or in Nashville’s case, “Van on Shoulder”.

We will work with TDOT, the Federal Highway Department, the Metro Planning Organization and the Rural Planning Organization for other long-term projects.

Crime Reduction
Our crime rate is on the rise and out of control. Our tax dollars are being spent irresponsibly while our police officers are underfunded and understaffed. As your next mayor, I will tackle the rising crime rate by working with community leaders and police officers on commonsense solutions, while always ensuring our police department has the funds and technology needed to effectively serve our community. I will also review the procedures currently used to deter youth violence and invest time and energy into our at-risk youth. I want to take the message to our young people that regardless of what the statistics say, the American dream is still in their reach and we believe in them.

* Strengthen relationships between metro police and minority communities
* Advocate for criminal justice reform that prepares prisoners to return to society and find gainful employment and housing.
* Target at-risk youth and use mentors and authority figures to teach and stress the sanctity of human life.

LONG TERM ISSUES
Primary Concerns

Address City Debt

Metro Nashville now has the highest debt per citizen of any city in the nation. Due to restructuring of debt by previous administrations, we are now facing huge balloon payments we cannot afford without a hard look at the budget, and we must also be realistic when it comes to Metro government’s currently underfunded pension plan. As mayor, I will work with city council to examine sustainable solutions, but will demand we apply fiscal responsibility and common sense to how your taxes are spent. Look for ways to improve sustainability Only look for realistic options Be responsible with taxpayer dollars

Improve infrastructure by repairing potholes, roads, and bridges

One of my top priorities as mayor would be fixing potholes, roads, bridges, and sidewalks. In 2018, the city had 9,179 reported potholes and 18 employees working to prioritize and patch them. Given the damage potholes can cause cars and tires, it makes sense to increase the number of employee tasked with repairing the roads. It also makes sense to prioritize bridge repairs, sidewalks, and broken streetlights in neglected areas of town.

* Fix potholes & improve roads
* Develop infrastructure including bridges & sidewalks
* Improve work resources & address neglected areas

End Cronyism And Fight To End Unfair Distribution Of Neighborhood Resources

Justin Owen, the CEO of the Beacon Center, has written about corporate welfare that has been doled out as cash grants and tax credits to large companies. These sweetheart deals benefit the few at the expense of the many who subsidize the boondoggles with their tax dollars. We see the cronyism in the allocation of contracts and the disparity of goods and services across neighborhoods. This must be addressed and rectified.

* Fight against corporate welfare
* Stop sweetheart deals
* Make fair distribution of resources

Protect Parental Rights And Improve K-12 Education

The right of parents to make meaningful decisions about how they will raise and educate their children is under attack. As mayor, I would work to encourage city agencies to respect the right of parents to make choices about their children’s education and health. I would also work with teachers, principals, and school administrators to meet the needs of individual schools. Homeschooling parents and those who utilize charter schools will have my attention and I will work to encourage school choice and options for every family.

* Work to improve parental involvement
* Defend school choice & protect our teachers
* Be open to new ideas

Keep Taxes Under Control

Many politicians would promise never to raise taxes as a way to gain votes. As mayor, I will work to keep taxes from rising any further and to rein in wasteful government spending. Unless we directly counter the current path of our city government spending, future politicians will use it to justify tax increases.

* Work to reduce waste
* Avoid spending that requires tax increases
* Look for ways to lower costs

Protect Property Rights Of Businesses And Individuals

As mayor, I would fight to protect the private property rights of Nashvillians from governmental seizure through eminent domain, where governments take private property for public use. I believe property owners should have the right to decide how they are going to use the property for which they are taxed.

Protect private property rights Fight against eminent domain Allow for choice in use of property [59]

|  ”

|
|

—Carol Swain[63]

## Campaign ads[edit]

This section shows advertisements released in this race. Ads released by campaigns and, if applicable, satellite groups are embedded or linked below. If you are aware of advertisements that should be included, please email us.

### David Briley[edit]

#### Support[edit]

"We Are Nashville" - Briley campaign ad, released July 21, 2019

"Mayor Briley Closing Statement" - Briley campaign ad, released July 18, 2019

"Phil Bredesen Endorsement" - Briley campaign ad, released July 12, 2019

"People" - Briley campaign ad, released July 3, 2019

"Chapters" - Briley campaign ad, released June 4, 2019

"Year One" - Briley campaign ad, released March 15, 2019

#### Oppose[edit]

"Anybody But Briley" - Steve Smith (local business owner), released July 29, 2019

### John Clemmons[edit]

"Our Most Important Investment" - Clemmons campaign ad, released July 28, 2019

"A Mayor Who Will Fight For You" - Clemmons campaign ad, released July 11, 2019

"Strong Neighborhoods" - Clemmons campaign ad, released June 6, 2019

"Our Priorities" - Clemmons campaign ad, released June 6, 2019

"Fiscal Responsibility" - Clemmons campaign ad, released June 6, 2019

"A Quality of Life Agenda for All Nashvillians" - Clemmons campaign ad, released June 3, 2019

"Our Future Starts Now" - Clemmons campaign ad, released May 8, 2019

### John Cooper[edit]

"John Cooper Join Us with Captions" - Cooper campaign ad, released July 23, 2019

"Nashville Out of Balance part 1" - Cooper campaign ad, released July 17, 2019

"Nashville Out of Balance part 2" - Cooper campaign ad, released July 17, 2019

"John Cooper's Priorities" - Cooper campaign ad, released July 9, 2019

"The Great City" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 30, 2019

"Priorities" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 30, 2019

"Fort Negley" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 24, 2019

"Restoring Trust" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 14, 2019

"Financial Watchdog" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 14, 2019

"John Cooper For All of Us" - Cooper campaign ad, released June 4, 2019

### Carol Swain[edit]

"Radio 2" - Swain campaign ad, released July 28, 2019

"Radio 1" - Swain campaign ad, released July 28, 2019

"What's Next" - Swain campaign ad, released June 26, 2019

"Overspending" - Swain campaign ad, released June 26, 2019

"Magic Wand" - Swain campaign ad, released June 26, 2019

"It's Dead on Arrival" - Swain campaign ad, released June 13, 2019

"Carol Swain on Teacher Pay Raise" - Swain campaign ad, released June 13, 2019

"Safer" - Swain campaign ad, released June 10, 2019

"For Teachers" - Swain campaign ad, released June 5, 2019

"How in the World" - Swain campaign ad, released June 5, 2019

## Interviews and questionnaires[edit]

Click the links below to view candidates' responses to questionnaires and to see interviews.

* Nashville Tennessean questionnaire
* WSMV's questionnaire
* Nashville Public Radio: Series of articles featuring candidates' answers to listeners' questions and articles comparing their policy positions on a variety of issues.

* Nashville Tennessean interviews:
* David Briley
* John Clemmons
* John Cooper
* Carol Swain

* Nashville Public Radio interviews:
* David Briley
* John Clemmons
* John Cooper
* Carol Swain

## Debates and candidate forums[edit]

Know of a debate or forum we're missing? Email us.

### July 22, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain met for a forum at the Rotary Club of Nashville.

Coverage:

* Nashville Tennessean

### July 16, 2019[edit]

Six mayoral candidates participated in a televised forum hosted by Fox 17 at Trevecca Nazarene University.

Coverage:

* Nashville Tennessean

### July 14, 2019[edit]

Eight mayoral candidates participated in a forum hosted by the group Nashville Organized for Action and Hope.

Coverage:

* Nashville Tennessean

### July 9, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain took part in a debate at Belmont University.

Video and coverage:

* WKRN

### June 27, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain participated in a "State of Black Nashville" forum hosted by Fox 17 journalist Harriet Wallace.

Video:

* Pumps & Politics

Coverage:

* Pride Publishing Group

### June 26, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain participated in a debate hosted by the Nashville Public Education Foundation, Oasis Center, Conexión Américas, and WSMV-TV.

Coverage:

* Nashville Tennessean

### June 25, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain participated in the first televised debate of the race, hosted by The Tennessean, NewsChannel 5, and Belmont University.

Video:

* The Tennessean

Coverage:

* The Tennessean
* News Channel 5

### June 10, 2019[edit]

David Briley, Julia Clark-Johnson, John Clemmons, and John Cooper attended a forum hosted by the Tennessee Immigrant and Refugee Rights Coalition.

Coverage:

* Nashville Tennessean

### May 22, 2019[edit]

Briley, Clemmons, Cooper, and Swain participated in a forum hosted by Walk Bike Nashville.

Coverage:

* Nashville Business Journal

* Nashville Tennessean

## Mayoral partisanship[edit]

At the end of 2019, Democrats held mayorships in 63 of the 100 largest cities in the country. Out of the 31 mayoral elections that were held in 2019 in the 100 largest cities, four partisan changes occurred. Democrats gained three mayorships, two from Republicans and one from an independent. Republicans gained one seat previously held by an unaffiliated mayor.

In the elections in Phoenix, Arizona and Wichita, Kansas, Democrats won seats with Republican incumbents. In Wichita, Democrat Brandon Whipple defeated Republican incumbent Jeff Longwell. In Raleigh, North Carolina, a Democrat won a seat previously held by an independent. And in Aurora, Colorado, a Republican succeeded an unaffiliated mayor. Incumbents did not seek re-election in Phoenix, Raleigh, or Aurora.

Click here to learn more.

## Election history[edit]

### 2018[edit]

See also: Mayoral special election in Nashville, Tennessee (2018)

General election

##### Special general election for Mayor of Nashville

The following candidates ran in the special general election for Mayor of Nashville on May 24, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| David Briley (Nonpartisan)  |

54.4

| 44,845

| Carol Swain (Nonpartisan)  |

22.9

| 18,850

| Erica Gilmore (Nonpartisan)  |

5.6

| 4,608

| Harold Love (Nonpartisan)  |

5.3

| 4,349

| Ralph Bristol (Nonpartisan)  |

5.3

| 4,341

| Jeff Obafemi Carr (Nonpartisan)  |

4.6

| 3,790

| David Hiland (Nonpartisan)  |

0.4

| 325

| Ludye Wallace (Nonpartisan)  |

0.4

| 324

| Carlin Alford (Nonpartisan)  |

0.3

| 243

| Albert Hacker (Nonpartisan)  |

0.2

| 169

| Julia Clark-Johnson (Nonpartisan)  |

0.2

| 168

| Jeffrey Napier (Nonpartisan)  |

0.2

| 141

| Jon Sewell (Nonpartisan)  |

0.1

| 93
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

0.1

| 122

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 82,368

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

### 2015[edit]

See also: Nashville, Tennessee municipal elections, 2015

The city of Nashville, Tennessee, held nonpartisan elections for mayor and metro council on August 6, 2015. A runoff election took place on September 10, 2015. The filing deadline for candidates who wished to run in this election was May 21, 2015. All 41 metro council seats—including the office of vice mayor—were up for election. In the mayoral race, candidates included Megan Barry, Charles Robert Bone, David Fox, Bill Freeman, Howard Gentry, Jeremy Kane and Linda Eskind Rebrovick. In the general election, Barry and Fox advanced to the runoff election.[64] Barry defeated Fox in the runoff election.[65] Incumbent Karl Dean was term-limited.[66]

Nashville Mayor Runoff Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Megan Barry | 54.8% | 60,519
David Fox | 45% | 49,694
Write-in  | 0.2% | 241
Total Votes | 110,454
Source: City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official runoff election results," accessed October 2, 2015

Nashville Mayor General Election, 2015

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Megan Barry | 23.5% | 24,553
David Fox | 22.8% | 23,754
Bill Freeman | 21.4% | 22,308
Howard Gentry | 11.6% | 12,110
Charles Robert Bone | 10.5% | 10,962
Linda Eskind Rebrovick | 5.6% | 5,827
Jeremy Kane | 4.6% | 4,767
Write-in  | 0.1% | 62
Total Votes | 93,687
Source: City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official general election results," accessed September 15, 2015

### 2011[edit]

In the 2011 general election for Mayor of Nasvhille, Dean won re-election with almost 80 percent of the vote.

Mayor of Nasvhille, 2011

Candidate | Vote % | Votes
Karl Dean Incumbent | 77.2% | 24,634
Marvin Barnes  | 7.2% | 2,288
Bruce Casper  | 3.3% | 1,040
James Keeton  | 11.4% | 3,645
Write-ins  | 0.9% | 300
Total Votes | 31,907
Source: Nashville Election Commission 2011 Election Results

## About the office[edit]

See also: Mayor-council government

The city of Nashville uses a strong mayor and city council system. In this form of municipal government, the city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and the mayor serves as the city's chief executive. The mayor is responsible for proposing a budget, signing legislation into law, appointing departmental directors, and overseeing the city's day-to-day operations.[67]

The Nashville Metro Council has 41 members. Thirty-five members are elected by one of the city's 35 districts, while the vice-mayor and five other members are elected at large. The vice-mayor presides over council meetings.[68]

The mayor and city council members serve four-year terms and are elected in nonpartisan elections.

## About the city[edit]

See also: Nashville, Tennessee

Nashville is a city in Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. In 1963, the governments of the city of Nashville and Davidson County merged to form the Nashville-Davidson Metro Government. As of 2013, the population of Nashville was 634,464.[69][70]

### Demographics[edit]

The following table displays demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau.

Demographic data for Nashville, Tennessee (2015)

| Nashville| Tennessee
Total population:| 634,512| 6,595,056
Land area (square miles):| 475| 41,235
Race and ethnicity[71]
White:| 61.7%| 77.8%
Black/African American:| 28.1%| 16.8%
Asian:| 3.3%| 1.6%
Native American:| 0.3%| 0.3%
Pacific Islander:| 0.1%| 0.1%
Two or more:| 2.5%| 2%
Hispanic/Latino:| 10.2%| 4.9%
Education
High school graduation rate:| 87.1%| 85.5%
College graduation rate:| 36.7%| 24.9%
Income
Median household income:| $47,621| $45,219
Persons below poverty level:| 18.6%| 21.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)

## State profile[edit]

See also: Tennessee and Tennessee elections, 2019

### Partisan data[edit]

The information in this section was current as of May 7, 2019

Presidential voting pattern

* Tennessee voted Republican in all five presidential elections between 2000 and 2016.

Congressional delegation

* Following the 2018 elections, both U.S. Senators from Tennessee were Republican.
* Tennessee had two Democratic and seven Republican U.S. Representatives.

State executives

* Republicans held six of Tennessee's 18 state executive offices. Elections for the other offices are nonpartisan.
* Tennessee's governor was Republican Bill Lee.

State legislature

* Republicans controlled the Tennessee State Senate with a 28-5 majority.
* Republicans controlled the Tennessee House of Representatives with a 73-26 majority.

Tennessee Party Control: 1992-2021
Five years of Democratic trifectas • Eleven years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year  |  92  |  93  |  94  |  95  |  96  |  97  |  98  |  99  |  00  |  01  |  02  |  03  |  04  |  05  |  06  |  07  |  08  |  09  |  10  |  11  |  12  |  13  |  14  |  15  |  16  |  17  |  18  |  19  |  20  |  21

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Governor |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R
Senate |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  S |  S |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R
House |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  D |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R |  R

Tennessee quick stats

* Became a state in 1796
* 16th state admitted to the United States
* Tennessee was the first state readmitted to the union after the Civil War.
* Members of the Tennessee State Senate: 33
* Members of the Tennessee House of Representatives: 99
* U.S. senators: 2
* U.S. representatives: 9

|  More Tennessee coverage on Ballotpedia:

* Tennessee elections, 2019
* Presidential voting trends in Tennessee
* United States congressional delegations from Tennessee
* Public policy in Tennessee
* Influencers in Tennessee
* Almanac of American Politics state profile
* More...

|

Demographic data for Tennessee

| Tennessee| U.S.
Total population:| 6,595,056| 316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):| 41,235| 3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:| 77.8%| 73.6%
Black/African American:| 16.8%| 12.6%
Asian:| 1.6%| 5.1%
Native American:| 0.3%| 0.8%
Pacific Islander:| 0.1%| 0.2%
Two or more:| 2%| 3%
Hispanic/Latino:| 4.9%| 17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:| 85.5%| 86.7%
College graduation rate:| 24.9%| 29.8%
Income
Median household income:| $45,219| $53,889
Persons below poverty level:| 21.4%| 11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Tennessee.

* * *

**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

## Pivot Counties[edit]

See also: Pivot Counties by state

One of 95 Tennessee counties—1 percent—is a Pivot County. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.

Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008

County  |  Trump margin of victory in 2016  |  Obama margin of victory in 2012  |  Obama margin of victory in 2008
Hardeman County, Tennessee | 7.92% | 5.91% | 6.18%

In the 2016 presidential election, Donald Trump (R) won Tennessee with 60.7 percent of the vote. Hillary Clinton (D) received 34.7 percent. In presidential elections between 1900 and 2016, Tennessee cast votes for the winning presidential candidate 76.7 percent of the time. In that same time frame, Tennessee supported Democratic candidates for president and Republican candidates equally. The state, however, favored Republicans in every presidential election between 2000 and 2016.

#### Presidential results by legislative district[edit]

The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state House districts in Tennessee. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns show the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns show the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.[72][73]

In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 20 out of 99 state House districts in Tennessee with an average margin of victory of 50.7 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 22 out of 99 state House districts in Tennessee with an average margin of victory of 46.5 points. Clinton won one district controlled by a Republican heading into the 2018 elections.

In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 79 out of 99 state House districts in Tennessee with an average margin of victory of 36.8 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 77 out of 99 state House districts in Tennessee with an average margin of victory of 43.8 points. Trump won four districts controlled by Democrats heading into the 2018 elections.

2016 presidential results by state House district

District |  Obama |  Romney |  2012 Margin |  Clinton |  Trump |  2016 Margin |  Party Control
1 | 26.48% | 71.78% | R+45.3 | 19.62% | 76.53% | R+56.9 | R
2 | 25.47% | 72.94% | R+47.5 | 22.34% | 73.09% | R+50.8 | R
3 | 23.44% | 74.89% | R+51.5 | 15.82% | 81.34% | R+65.5 | R
4 | 24.92% | 73.37% | R+48.5 | 17.60% | 79.09% | R+61.5 | R
5 | 26.22% | 72.04% | R+45.8 | 18.39% | 78.32% | R+59.9 | R
6 | 27.88% | 70.48% | R+42.6 | 24.82% | 70.87% | R+46.1 | R
7 | 32.16% | 65.69% | R+33.5 | 28.10% | 67.14% | R+39 | R
8 | 25.60% | 72.64% | R+47 | 22.13% | 73.51% | R+51.4 | R
9 | 25.47% | 72.83% | R+47.4 | 16.67% | 80.51% | R+63.8 | R
10 | 26.13% | 72.49% | R+46.4 | 19.78% | 76.98% | R+57.2 | R
11 | 24.31% | 73.99% | R+49.7 | 16.57% | 80.41% | R+63.8 | R
12 | 21.96% | 76.64% | R+54.7 | 18.10% | 78.27% | R+60.2 | R
13 | 46.29% | 51.08% | R+4.8 | 46.53% | 46.55% | R+0 | R
14 | 27.16% | 71.40% | R+44.2 | 31.73% | 62.39% | R+30.7 | R
15 | 64.97% | 32.36% | D+32.6 | 63.19% | 30.19% | D+33 | D
16 | 26.02% | 72.27% | R+46.3 | 25.79% | 69.20% | R+43.4 | R
17 | 23.13% | 75.42% | R+52.3 | 17.26% | 79.08% | R+61.8 | R
18 | 37.12% | 60.80% | R+23.7 | 40.01% | 52.84% | R+12.8 | R
19 | 24.61% | 73.61% | R+49 | 20.94% | 74.82% | R+53.9 | R
20 | 26.93% | 71.34% | R+44.4 | 24.49% | 70.69% | R+46.2 | R
21 | 25.45% | 73.18% | R+47.7 | 21.22% | 75.52% | R+54.3 | R
22 | 23.71% | 74.79% | R+51.1 | 16.46% | 80.41% | R+64 | R
23 | 25.15% | 73.42% | R+48.3 | 17.86% | 79.49% | R+61.6 | R
24 | 24.40% | 74.21% | R+49.8 | 21.09% | 74.46% | R+53.4 | R
25 | 26.28% | 72.36% | R+46.1 | 20.11% | 77.28% | R+57.2 | R
26 | 34.03% | 64.08% | R+30.1 | 31.79% | 62.75% | R+31 | R
27 | 34.43% | 63.74% | R+29.3 | 31.70% | 62.61% | R+30.9 | R
28 | 80.31% | 18.45% | D+61.9 | 77.92% | 17.79% | D+60.1 | D
29 | 33.45% | 64.95% | R+31.5 | 29.81% | 65.70% | R+35.9 | R
30 | 37.06% | 61.14% | R+24.1 | 34.33% | 60.41% | R+26.1 | R
31 | 27.30% | 71.02% | R+43.7 | 18.77% | 78.05% | R+59.3 | R
32 | 26.67% | 71.68% | R+45 | 21.60% | 74.28% | R+52.7 | R
33 | 35.25% | 62.79% | R+27.5 | 31.54% | 63.16% | R+31.6 | R
34 | 33.18% | 65.32% | R+32.1 | 31.29% | 63.52% | R+32.2 | R
35 | 23.70% | 74.95% | R+51.3 | 15.89% | 81.43% | R+65.5 | R
36 | 26.89% | 71.70% | R+44.8 | 18.57% | 78.26% | R+59.7 | R
37 | 38.33% | 59.99% | R+21.7 | 36.08% | 58.84% | R+22.8 | R
38 | 24.89% | 73.79% | R+48.9 | 16.00% | 81.84% | R+65.8 | R
39 | 33.22% | 65.17% | R+32 | 24.43% | 72.61% | R+48.2 | R
40 | 31.85% | 66.76% | R+34.9 | 23.97% | 72.67% | R+48.7 | R
41 | 32.24% | 66.34% | R+34.1 | 20.31% | 77.25% | R+56.9 | D
42 | 30.46% | 67.77% | R+37.3 | 25.64% | 70.08% | R+44.4 | R
43 | 35.21% | 62.96% | R+27.8 | 22.37% | 74.65% | R+52.3 | R
44 | 31.04% | 67.73% | R+36.7 | 26.55% | 69.59% | R+43 | R
45 | 26.81% | 71.94% | R+45.1 | 25.43% | 70.33% | R+44.9 | R
46 | 31.50% | 67.04% | R+35.5 | 25.22% | 70.47% | R+45.3 | R
47 | 30.99% | 67.13% | R+36.1 | 23.89% | 72.27% | R+48.4 | R
48 | 36.74% | 61.61% | R+24.9 | 33.92% | 60.93% | R+27 | R
49 | 39.71% | 58.68% | R+19 | 37.26% | 57.65% | R+20.4 | R
50 | 41.70% | 56.68% | R+15 | 44.24% | 50.66% | R+6.4 | D
51 | 66.01% | 31.55% | D+34.5 | 67.37% | 26.85% | D+40.5 | D
52 | 67.26% | 31.18% | D+36.1 | 67.30% | 27.78% | D+39.5 | D
53 | 51.53% | 46.59% | D+4.9 | 54.11% | 38.90% | D+15.2 | D
54 | 83.83% | 15.06% | D+68.8 | 81.44% | 15.31% | D+66.1 | D
55 | 56.64% | 40.99% | D+15.7 | 62.66% | 30.37% | D+32.3 | D
56 | 37.97% | 60.61% | R+22.6 | 47.22% | 46.82% | D+0.4 | R
57 | 27.13% | 71.48% | R+44.4 | 24.99% | 70.38% | R+45.4 | R
58 | 86.45% | 11.94% | D+74.5 | 82.52% | 12.58% | D+69.9 | D
59 | 70.87% | 27.77% | D+43.1 | 70.12% | 26.06% | D+44.1 | D
60 | 42.92% | 55.47% | R+12.6 | 44.82% | 49.40% | R+4.6 | D
61 | 25.02% | 73.85% | R+48.8 | 31.20% | 63.62% | R+32.4 | R
62 | 29.19% | 69.47% | R+40.3 | 22.37% | 74.69% | R+52.3 | R
63 | 24.83% | 73.95% | R+49.1 | 28.09% | 66.72% | R+38.6 | R
64 | 31.94% | 66.63% | R+34.7 | 25.56% | 70.79% | R+45.2 | R
65 | 29.11% | 69.35% | R+40.2 | 29.72% | 64.68% | R+35 | R
66 | 31.53% | 67.11% | R+35.6 | 24.53% | 71.72% | R+47.2 | R
67 | 54.58% | 43.95% | D+10.6 | 47.83% | 45.50% | D+2.3 | D
68 | 35.78% | 62.76% | R+27 | 31.26% | 63.72% | R+32.5 | R
69 | 40.73% | 57.62% | R+16.9 | 29.72% | 66.98% | R+37.3 | R
70 | 31.22% | 67.54% | R+36.3 | 22.18% | 75.41% | R+53.2 | R
71 | 24.67% | 73.66% | R+49 | 15.60% | 81.73% | R+66.1 | R
72 | 27.58% | 70.95% | R+43.4 | 18.81% | 78.70% | R+59.9 | R
73 | 32.43% | 66.66% | R+34.2 | 30.38% | 66.96% | R+36.6 | R
74 | 44.75% | 53.51% | R+8.8 | 32.44% | 62.91% | R+30.5 | R
75 | 35.99% | 62.32% | R+26.3 | 23.49% | 73.77% | R+50.3 | R
76 | 31.38% | 67.25% | R+35.9 | 24.03% | 73.21% | R+49.2 | R
77 | 26.95% | 71.89% | R+44.9 | 19.93% | 77.87% | R+57.9 | R
78 | 31.74% | 66.52% | R+34.8 | 24.60% | 71.32% | R+46.7 | R
79 | 32.57% | 66.24% | R+33.7 | 25.73% | 71.87% | R+46.1 | R
80 | 65.84% | 33.40% | D+32.4 | 59.47% | 38.32% | D+21.2 | D
81 | 29.62% | 69.23% | R+39.6 | 24.73% | 72.28% | R+47.6 | R
82 | 47.11% | 52.21% | R+5.1 | 39.75% | 58.51% | R+18.8 | D
83 | 35.52% | 63.50% | R+28 | 42.62% | 53.17% | R+10.6 | R
84 | 88.19% | 11.41% | D+76.8 | 87.27% | 10.83% | D+76.4 | D
85 | 86.69% | 12.90% | D+73.8 | 86.70% | 11.57% | D+75.1 | D
86 | 76.09% | 23.16% | D+52.9 | 72.98% | 24.31% | D+48.7 | D
87 | 86.77% | 12.68% | D+74.1 | 86.66% | 11.18% | D+75.5 | D
88 | 76.07% | 23.17% | D+52.9 | 75.43% | 21.94% | D+53.5 | D
89 | 29.02% | 69.00% | R+40 | 30.19% | 63.68% | R+33.5 | R
90 | 82.88% | 15.83% | D+67.1 | 82.77% | 13.27% | D+69.5 | D
91 | 89.73% | 9.60% | D+80.1 | 86.97% | 10.77% | D+76.2 | D
92 | 32.45% | 65.92% | R+33.5 | 23.60% | 73.36% | R+49.8 | R
93 | 78.51% | 20.54% | D+58 | 76.41% | 20.35% | D+56.1 | D
94 | 31.77% | 67.08% | R+35.3 | 26.34% | 71.15% | R+44.8 | R
95 | 23.35% | 75.79% | R+52.4 | 28.51% | 67.82% | R+39.3 | R
96 | 43.76% | 55.37% | R+11.6 | 50.57% | 45.95% | D+4.6 | D
97 | 37.56% | 61.31% | R+23.8 | 41.60% | 54.17% | R+12.6 | R
98 | 81.57% | 17.71% | D+63.9 | 80.24% | 17.34% | D+62.9 | D
99 | 28.53% | 70.51% | R+42 | 29.33% | 67.14% | R+37.8 | R
Total | 39.08% | 59.48% | R+20.4 | 34.91% | 61.06% | R+26.2 | \-
Source: Daily Kos

## See also[edit]

Nashville, Tennessee | Tennessee | Municipal government | Other local coverage

|
|
|

* 2018 Nashville elections
* Nashville, Tennessee
* Cities in Tennessee

* 2019 Tennessee elections
* Public policy in Tennessee
* Influencers in Tennessee
* Tennessee

* Top counties
* 100 largest cities
* Current mayors
* Current council officials

* 2019 municipal elections
* 2019 school board elections
* 2019 local ballot measure elections
* 2019 local judicial elections

## External links[edit]

* Search Google News for this topic
* City of Nashville

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ Nashville Public Radio, "What To Expect In Nashville’s Election," May 20, 2019
2. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Here is every candidate running for mayor and council in Nashville's August election," May 22, 2019
3. ↑ News Channel 5 Nashville, "Mayor Briley looks back on first year in office," March 6, 2019
4. ↑ David Briley's 2019 campaign website, "A plan to make sure all Nashvillians grow stronger, together," accessed May 28, 2019
5. ↑ News Channel 5, "Nashville Mayor candidates spar during first TV debate," June 25, 2019
6. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Nashville Councilman John Cooper changes mind, will run for mayor," April 15, 2019
7. ↑ John Cooper's 2019 campaign website, "Home," accessed May 29, 2019
8. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "State Rep. John Ray Clemmons launches run for Nashville mayor," January 16, 2019
9. ↑ John Clemmons' 2019 campaign website, "Home," accessed May 29, 2019
10. ↑ Tennessee Star, "Carol Swain Announces She Is Running for Mayor of Nashville Again," March 18, 2019
11. ↑ Carol Swain's 2019 campaign website, "Home," accessed May 28, 2019
12. ↑ Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor’s Race 2019: Carol Swain Says Nashville Needs An ‘Outsider,’" May 31, 2019
13. ↑ Martindale.com, "C. David Briley," accessed July 23, 2015
14. ↑ David Briley's 2019 campaign website, "Meet David," accessed June 6, 2019
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor's Race 2019: David Briley Says He’s A Proven Leader Who Stabilized Nashville Amid Turmoil," May 28, 2019
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 News Channel 5 Nashville, "Mayor Briley looks back on first year in office," March 6, 2019
17. ↑ David Briley's 2019 campaign website, "A plan to make sure all Nashvillians grow stronger, together," accessed May 28, 2019
18. ↑ John Clemmons' 2019 campaign website, "About John Ray," accessed June 7, 2019
19. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "State Rep. John Ray Clemmons launches run for Nashville mayor," January 16, 2019
20. ↑ John Clemmons' 2019 campaign website, "The Vision," accessed June 7, 2019
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor’s Race 2019: State Rep. John Ray Clemmons Wants To Be The ‘Equitable’ Candidate," May 30, 2019
22. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Nashville mayoral candidates seek contrasts, take jabs in first televised debate," June 25, 2019
23. ↑ John Cooper's 2015 campaign website, "About," accessed July 23, 2015
24. ↑ John Cooper's 2019 campaign website, "About John & Events," accessed June 7, 2019
25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor’s Race 2019: Councilman John Cooper Is Running To Fix Nashville’s Finances," May 29, 2019
26. ↑ John Cooper's 2019 campaign website, "Home," accessed May 29, 2019
27. ↑ YouTube, "John Cooper For All of Us," June 4, 2019
28. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Nashville Councilman John Cooper changes mind, will run for mayor," April 15, 2019
29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 Carol Swain's 2019 campaign website, "About Carol," accessed June 7, 2019
30. ↑ Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor’s Race 2019: Carol Swain Says Nashville Needs An ‘Outsider,’" May 31, 2019
31. ↑ Carol Swain's 2019 campaign website, "Policies," accessed June 7, 2019
32. ↑ Nashville Business Journal, "What You Need to Know about David Briley," March 6, 2018
33. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Nashville Mayor David Briley wins special mayoral race, avoiding runoff," May 25, 2018
34. ↑ Nashville Public Radio, "Mayor's Race 2019: Contrasting Philosophies About The Job Of Being Mayor," September 6, 2019
35. ↑ YouTube, "Carol Swain: How I Went From Being A Democrat To A Republican," August 13, 2016
36. ↑ Nashville Post, "Cooper puts another $900K into mayoral bid," July 26, 2019
37. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
38. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
39. ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
40. ↑ WSMV, "Fact-checking attack ad in Mayor's race," updated July 31, 2019
41. ↑ Nashville Post, "Candidates Tally Endorsements in Metro Campaign," June 21, 2019
42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 Nashville PostEndorsements pile up in Metro elections," July 16, 2019
43. ↑ Facebook, "David Briley on July 28, 2019," accessed July 29, 2019
44. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "John Cooper sees bipartisan path to winning Nashville mayor's race," July 9, 2019
45. ↑ News Channel 5, "Bredesen endorses Briley for Nashville mayor," July 11, 2019
46. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Bill Freeman endorses Nashville Mayor David Briley in August election," May 16, 2019
47. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "The Tennessean reviewed the candidates and issues facing Nashville, this is our pick for mayor | Editorial," July 21, 2019
48. ↑ Nashville Pride, "Nashville Election Day • August 1, 2019," July 25, 2019
49. ↑ John Clemmons' 2019 campaign website, "Tennessean: Central Labor Council endorses Rep. John Ray Clemmons for Nashville mayor," May 24, 2019
50. ↑ Facebook, "John Clemmons on Facebook, June 2, 2019," accessed June 10, 2019
51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Nashville Post, "Labor Group Endorses Clemmons for Mayor," May 29, 2019
52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 The Tennessee Tribune, "Clemmons Campaign Leads in Momentum with Six Weeks Left Before Election Day," June 20, 2019
53. ↑ Nashville Post, "Pro-immigrant group endorses in district races," July 1, 2019
54. ↑ Nashville Post, "Police union backs John Cooper in mayoral race," June 24, 2019
55. ↑ Nashville Post, "Business group endorses Briley for mayor," June 24, 2019
56. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "African-American political action committee endorses Mayor David Briley ahead of Aug. 1 election," July 9, 2019
57. ↑ Nashville Business Journal, "Recently launched political action committee unveils Metro endorsements," July 10, 2019
58. ↑ Nashville Tennessean, "Nashville neighborhood group backs John Cooper for mayor," July 1, 2019
59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.3 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
60. ↑ David Briley's 2019 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed July 1, 2019
61. ↑ John Clemmons' 2019 campaign website, "The Vision," accessed July 1, 2019
62. ↑ John Cooper's 2019 campaign website, "Policy," accessed July 1, 2019
63. ↑ Carol Swain 2019 campaign website, "Policies," accessed July 1, 2019
64. ↑ City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official general election results," accessed September 15, 2015
65. ↑ City of Nashville Election Commission, "Official runoff election results," accessed October 2, 2015
66. ↑ City of Nashville, "Davidson County Election Commission," accessed December 4, 2014
67. ↑ Metro Government of Nashville and Davidson County, "City Charter, Article 5. - The Metropolitan County Mayor and Vice Mayor," accessed May 28, 2019
68. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `council`
69. ↑ City of Nashville, "Government," accessed September 22, 2014
70. ↑ U.S. Census, "State and County Quick Facts," accessed September 22, 2014
71. ↑ Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.
72. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts," July 9, 2013
73. ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2016 presidential results for congressional and legislative districts," February 6, 2017

v • e

2019 Municipal Elections

Local Elections|

Municipal Government • Local Courts • School Boards • Local Ballot Measures

Ballotpedia Coverage|

Federal Politics • State Politics • Local Politics • Public Policy • Learning Journeys • Presidential Elections • The Tap

v • e

State of Tennessee
Nashville (capital)

|

Elections |

What's on my ballot? | Elections in 2021 | How to vote | How to run for office | Ballot measures

Government |

Who represents me? | U.S. President | U.S. Congress | Federal courts | State executives | State legislature | State and local courts | Counties | Cities | School districts | Public policy