Article VI, Missouri Constitution

Missouri Constitution

Preamble
Articles
I • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV

## Contents

* 1 Section 1
* 2 Section 2
* 3 Section 3
* 4 Section 4
* 5 Section 5
* 6 Section 6
* 7 Section 7
* 8 Section 8
* 8.1 Amendments
* 9 Section 9
* 10 Section 10
* 11 Section 11
* 11.1 Amendments
* 12 Section 12
* 13 Section 13
* 14 Section 14
* 15 Section 15
* 16 Section 16
* 17 Section 17
* 18 Special Charters
* 18.1 Section 18(a)
* 18.1.1 Amendments
* 18.2 Section 18(b)
* 18.2.1 Amendments
* 18.3 Section 18(c)
* 18.3.1 Amendments
* 18.4 Section 18(d)
* 18.5 Section 18(e)
* 18.6 Section 18(f)
* 18.6.1 Amendments
* 18.7 Section 18(g)
* 18.7.1 Amendments
* 18.8 Section 18(h)
* 18.9 Section 18(i)
* 18.10 Section 18(j)
* 18.11 Section 18(k)
* 18.12 Section 18(l)
* 18.13 Section 18(m)
* 18.13.1 Amendments
* 18.14 Section 18(n)
* 18.14.1 Amendments
* 18.15 Section 18(o)
* 18.15.1 Amendments
* 18.16 Section 18(p)
* 18.16.1 Amendments
* 18.17 Section 18(q)
* 18.17.1 Amendments
* 18.18 Section 18(r)
* 18.18.1 Amendments
* 19 Local Government
* 19.1 Section 19
* 19.1.1 Amendments
* 19.2 Section 19(a)
* 19.2.1 Amendments
* 19.3 Section 20
* 19.3.1 Amendments
* 19.4 Section 21
* 19.5 Section 22
* 20 Finances
* 20.1 Section 23
* 20.2 Section 23(a)
* 20.2.1 Amendments
* 20.3 Section 24
* 20.4 Section 25
* 20.4.1 Amendments
* 20.5 Section 26(a)
* 20.5.1 Amendments
* 20.6 Section 26(b)
* 20.6.1 Amendments
* 20.7 Section 26(c)
* 20.7.1 Amendments
* 20.8 Section 26(d)
* 20.8.1 Amendments
* 20.9 Section 26(e)
* 20.9.1 Amendments
* 20.10 Section 26(f)
* 20.11 Section 26(g)
* 20.12 Section 27
* 20.12.1 Amendments
* 20.13 Section 27(a)
* 20.13.1 Amendments
* 20.14 Section 27(b)
* 20.14.1 Amendments
* 20.15 Section 27(c)
* 20.15.1 Amendments
* 20.16 Section 28
* 20.17 Section 29
* 21 City and County of St. Louis
* 21.1 Section 30(a)
* 21.1.1 Amendments
* 21.2 Section 30(b)
* 21.2.1 Amendments
* 22 City of St. Louis
* 22.1 Section 31
* 22.1.1 Amendments
* 22.2 Section 32(a)
* 22.2.1 Amendments
* 22.3 Section 32(b)
* 22.3.1 Amendments
* 22.4 Section 32(c)
* 22.4.1 Amendments
* 22.5 Section 33
* 23 See also
* 24 External links
* 25 Additional reading
* 26 Footnotes

Article VI of the Missouri Constitution is entitled Local Government.

## Section 1[edit]

| Text of Section 1:

Recognition of Existing Counties

The existing counties are hereby recognized as legal subdivisions of the state.[1]

## Section 2[edit]

| Text of Section 2:

Continuation of Existing Organization of Counties

The existing organization of counties shall continue until further provisions applicable thereto shall be provided, as authorized in this constitution.[1]

## Section 3[edit]

| Text of Section 3:

Consolidation of Counties—-Allocation of Liabilities

Two or more counties may be consolidated by vote of a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon in each county affected, but no such vote shall be taken more than once in five years. The former areas shall be held responsible for their respective outstanding liabilities as provided by law.[1]

## Section 4[edit]

| Text of Section 4:

Division or Diminution of Counties

No county shall be divided or have any portion stricken therefrom except by vote of a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon in each county affected.[1]

## Section 5[edit]

| Text of Section 5:

Dissolution of Counties—-Annexation

A county may be dissolved by vote of two-thirds of the qualified electors of the county voting thereon, and when so dissolved all or portions thereof may be annexed to the adjoining county or counties as provided by law.[1]

## Section 6[edit]

| Text of Section 6:

Removal of County Seats

No county seat shall be removed except by vote of two-thirds of the qualified electors of the county voting thereon at a general election, but no such vote shall be taken more than once in five years.[1]

## Section 7[edit]

| Text of Section 7:

County Courts-—Number of Members—-Powers and Duties

In each county not framing and adopting its own charter or adopting an alternative form of county government, there shall be elected a county court of three members which shall manage all county business as prescribed by law, and keep an accurate record of its proceedings. The voters of any county may reduce the number of members to one or two as provided by law.[1]

## Section 8[edit]

| Text of Section 8:

Classification of Counties—-Revisions to Article VI Passed by the 88th General Assembly to Be Retroactive

Provision shall be made by general laws for the organization and classification of counties except as provided in section 18(a) or section 18(m) of this article or otherwise in this constitution. The number of classes shall not exceed four, and the organization and powers of each class shall be defined by general laws so that all counties within the same class shall possess the same powers and be subject to the same restrictions. The revisions to this article submitted by the first regular session of the eighty-eighth general assembly are intended to be applied retroactively and no law adopted by the general assembly or ordinance or order adopted by the governing body of a county shall be declared unconstitutional if such law, ordinance or order would have been constitutional had this section, as amended, been in effect at the time the law was passed, unless the law is declared unconstitutional pursuant to a different provision of this constitution.[1]

### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Repeal Prohibition Against Special Laws, Amendment 1 (April 1995) on April 4, 1995.

## Section 9[edit]

| Text of Section 9:

Alternative Forms of County Government

Alternative forms of county government for the counties of any particular class and the method of adoption thereof may be provided by law.[1]

## Section 10[edit]

| Text of Section 10:

Terms of City and County Offices

The terms of city or county offices shall not exceed four years.[1]

## Section 11[edit]

| Text of Section 11:

Compensation of County Officers—-Increases in Compensation Not to Require Additional Services—-Statement of Fees and Salaries

1\. Except in counties which frame, adopt and amend a charter for their own government, the compensation of all county officers shall either be prescribed by law or be established by each county pursuant to law adopted by the general assembly. A law which would authorize an increase in the compensation of county officers shall not be construed as requiring a new activity or service or an increase in the level of any activity or service within the meaning of this constitution. Every such officer shall file a sworn statement in detail, of fees collected and salaries paid to his necessary deputies or assistants, as provided by law.

2\. Upon approval of this amendment by the voters of Missouri the compensation of county officials, or their duly appointed successor, elected at the general election in 1984 or 1986 may be increased during that term in accordance with any law adopted by the general assembly or, in counties which have adopted a charter for their own government, in accordance with such charter, notwithstanding the provisions of section 13 of article VII of the Constitution of Missouri.[1]

### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Issue 3 (1986) on August 5, 1986.

## Section 12[edit]

| Text of Section 12:

Officers Compensated Only by Salaries in Certain Counties

All public officers in the city of St. Louis and all state and county officers in counties having 100,000 or more inhabitants, excepting public administrators and notaries public, shall be compensated for their services by salaries only.[1]

## Section 13[edit]

| Text of Section 13:

Compensation of Officers in Criminal Matters—-Fees

All state and county officers, except constables and justices of the peace, charged with the investigation, arrest, prosecution, custody, care, feeding, commitment, or transportation of persons accused of or convicted of a criminal offense shall be compensated for their official services only by salaries, and any fees and charges collected by any such officers in such cases shall be paid into the general revenue fund entitled to receive the same, as provided by law. Any fees earned by any such officers in civil matters may be retained by them as provided by law.[1]

## Section 14[edit]

| Text of Section 14:

Joint Participation by Counties in Common Enterprises

By vote of a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon in each county affected, any contiguous counties, not exceeding ten, may join in performing any common function or service, including the purchase, construction and maintenance of hospitals, alms houses, road machinery and any other county property, and by separate vote may join in the common employment of any county officer or employee common to each of the counties. The county courts shall administer the delegated powers and allocate the costs among the counties. Any county may withdraw from such joint participation by vote of a majority of its qualified electors voting thereon.[1]

## Section 15[edit]

| Text of Section 15:

Classification of Cities and Towns—-Uniform Laws—-Change from Special to General Law

The general assembly shall provide by general laws for the organization and classification of cities and towns. The number of such classes shall not exceed four; and the powers of each class shall be defined by general laws so that all such municipal corporations of the same class shall possess the same powers and be subject to the same restrictions. The general assembly shall also make provisions, by general law, whereby any city, town or village, existing by virtue of any special or local law, may elect to become subject to, and be governed by, the general laws relating.[1] to such corporations.

## Section 16[edit]

| Text of Section 16:

Cooperation by Local Governments with Other Governmental Units

Any municipality or political subdivision of this state may contract and cooperate with other municipalities or political subdivisions thereof, or with other states or their municipalities or political subdivisions, or with the United States, for the planning, development, construction, acquisition or operation of any public improvement or facility, or for a common service, in the manner provided by law.[1]

## Section 17[edit]

| Text of Section 17:

Consolidation and Separation as Between Municipalities and Other Political Subdivisions

The government of any city, town or village not in a county framing, adopting and amending a charter for its own government, may be consolidated or separated, in whole or in part, with or from that of the county or other political subdivision in which such city, town or village is situated, as provided by law.[1]

## Special Charters[edit]

### Section 18(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(a):

County Government by Special Charter—-Limitations—-Counties Adopting Charter or Constitutional Form Shall Be a Separate Class of Counties from Classification System

Any county having more than 85,000 inhabitants, according to the census of the United States, may frame and adopt and amend a charter for its own government as provided in this article, and upon such adoption shall be a body corporate and politic. In addition and as an alternative to the foregoing, any county which attains first class county status and maintains such status for at least two years shall be authorized to frame and adopt and amend a charter for its own government as provided by this article, and upon such adoption by a vote of the qualified electors of such county shall be a body corporate and politic. Counties which adopt or which have adopted a charter or constitutional form of government shall be a separate class of counties outside of the classification system established under section 8 of this article.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on August 8, 1978.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Repeal Prohibition Against Special Laws, Amendment 1 (April 1995) on April 4, 1995.

### Section 18(b)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(b):

Provisions Required in County Charters

The charter shall provide for its amendment, for the form of the county government, the number, kinds, manner of selection, terms of office and salaries of the county officers, and for the exercise of all powers and duties of counties and county officers prescribed by the constitution and laws of the state; however, such charter shall, except for the charter of any county with a charter form of government and with more than six hundred thousand but fewer than seven hundred thousand inhabitants, require the assessor of the county to be an elected officer.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Election of Charter County Assessors, Amendment 1 (2010) on November 2, 2010.

### Section 18(c)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(c):

Provisions Authorized in County Charters—-Participation by County in Government of Other Local Units

The charter may provide for the vesting and exercise of legislative power pertaining to any and all services and functions of any municipality or political subdivision, except school districts, in the part of the county outside incorporated cities; and it may provide, or authorize its governing body to provide, the terms upon which the county may contract with any municipality or political subdivision in the county and perform any of the services and functions of any such municipality or political subdivision. The charter may provide for the vesting and exercise of legislative power pertaining to any and all services and functions of any municipality or political subdivision, except school districts, throughout the entire county within as well as outside incorporated municipalities; any such charter provision shall set forth the limits within which the municipalities may exercise the same power collaterally and coextensively. When such a proposition is submitted to the voters of the county the ballot shall contain a clear definition of the power, function or service to be performed and the method by which it will be financed.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on November 3, 1970.

### Section 18(d)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(d):

Taxation under County Charters

The county shall only impose such taxes as it is authorized to impose by the constitution or by law.[1]

### Section 18(e)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(e):

Laws Affecting Charter Counties—-Limitations

Laws shall be enacted providing for free and open elections in such counties, and laws may be enacted providing the number and salaries of the judicial officers therein as provided by this constitution and by law, but no law shall provide for any other office or employee of the county or fix the salary of any of its officers or employees.[1]

### Section 18(f)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(f):

Petitions for Charter Commissions—-Signatures Required—-Procedure

Whenever a petition for a commission, signed by qualified electors of the county numbering ten percent of the total vote for governor in the county at the last preceding general election, is filed with the county commission or other governing body, the officer or body canvassing election returns shall forthwith finally determine the sufficiency thereof and certify the result to the governing body, which shall give immediate written notice of the petition to the circuit judges of the county.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(g)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(g):

Charter Commission—-Appointment, Number and Qualification of Members

Within sixty days thereafter said judges shall appoint a commission to frame the charter, consisting of fourteen qualified electors who shall serve without pay and be equally divided between the two political parties casting the greater number of votes for governor at the last preceding general election.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(h)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(h):

Adoption of Charter—-Special Election—-Manner of Submission

The charter framed by the commission shall take effect on the day fixed therein and shall supersede any existing charter or government, if approved by vote of a majority of the qualified electors of the county voting thereon at a special election held on a day fixed by the commission and not less than thirty days after the completion of the charter nor more than one year from the day of the selection of the commission. The commission may submit for separate vote any parts of the charter, or any alternative sections or articles, and the alternative sections or articles receiving the larger affirmative vote shall prevail if a charter is adopted.[1]

### Section 18(i)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(i):

Notice of Special Charter Election

The body canvassing election returns shall publish notice of the election at least once a week for at least three weeks in at least two newspapers of general circulation in the county, the last publication to be not more than three nor less than two weeks next preceding the election.[1]

### Section 18(j)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(j):

Certificates of Adoption of Charter—-Recordation and Deposit—-Judicial Notice

Duplicate certificates shall be made, setting forth the charter adopted and its ratification, signed by the officer or members of the body canvassing election returns; one of such certified copies shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state and the other, after being recorded in the records of the county, shall be deposited among the archives of the county and all courts shall take judicial notice thereof. This section shall also apply to any amendment to the charter.[1]

### Section 18(k)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(k):

Amendments of County Charters

All amendments to such charter approved by the voters shall become a part of the charter at the time and under the conditions fixed in the amendment.[1]

### Section 18(l)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(l):

Limitation on Resubmission After Defeat of Charter

No charter shall be submitted to the electors within the two years next following the election at which a charter was defeated.[1]

### Section 18(m)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(m):

County of the First Classification May Provide a County Constitution—-Content, Procedure, Limitations

Any county of the first classification may adopt an alternative form of government to that provided in sections 18(a)–(g) of this article and frame a county constitution as provided in sections 18(m)–(r) of this article. The constitution may provide for the vesting of any and all powers the general assembly has the authority to confer, provided such powers are not limited or denied by laws of this state, except those powers to regulate and provide for free and open elections. A county approving the alternative form of government and adopting a county constitution in the manner prescribed by sections 18(m)–(r) of this article shall only impose such taxes as it is authorized by the constitution and law to impose. The county commission of such a county may authorize the submission of the question by placing it on the ballot on any Election Day established by law. The circuit judges of the circuit where such county is located shall establish a county constitution commission if the qualified voters of the county approve the question.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(n)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(n):

Circuit Judges May Appoint Constitution Commission, Members, Qualifications

If the question is approved, the circuit judges of the circuit where such county is located shall, within sixty days after certification of the election results by the election authority, appoint a commission to frame the county constitution, consisting of fourteen residents of the county who shall serve without pay and be equally divided between the two political parties casting the greater number of votes for governor at the last preceding gubernatorial election.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(o)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(o):

County Constitution, Effective When—-Submission to Electorate for Separate Vote on Any Part or Alternative Sections

The county constitution framed by the commission shall take effect on the day fixed therein and shall supersede any existing charter, county constitution or government, if approved by the majority of the qualified voters of the county voting thereon. The county constitution shall be submitted by the county constitution commission to the election authority of the county not later than thirty days after the completion of the county constitution and not more than one year from the date of the selection of the county constitution commission by the circuit court. The commission may submit for separate vote any part of the county constitution, or any alternative sections or articles, and the alternative sections or articles receiving the larger affirmative vote shall prevail if a constitution is adopted.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(p)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(p):

Publication Requirements for Text of Constitution—-Election to Adopt Procedure

In addition to notices required under the election laws of the state, the election authority shall publish the full text of the county constitution in each newspaper of general circulation in the county at least once a week for at least three weeks, the last publication to be not more than three nor less than two weeks immediately preceding the election. Except as otherwise provided herein, the election shall be conducted under Missouri election law.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(q)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(q):

Constitution May Be Adopted or Rejected by Voters—Resubmission Procedure

If a majority of the votes cast by the qualified voters voting on the county constitution are in favor of the proposal, then the county constitution shall be adopted. If a majority of the votes cast by the qualified voters voting thereon are opposed to the proposal, the county constitution shall not be adopted. A proposal to create a county constitution may not be resubmitted to the voters except after the voters approve the selection of a commission to draft a county constitution as provided in section 18(m) of this article and such proposal shall not be resubmitted to the voters until two years after the proposed county constitution has been rejected.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

### Section 18(r)[edit]

| Text of Section 18(r):

Certified Copies of County Constitution to Be Filed, Where—-Amendments to Constitution, Procedure

Duplicate certificates shall be made, setting forth the adopted county constitution, and its ratification signed by the election authority of the county after canvassing election returns. One of the certified copies shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state and the other, after being recorded in the records of the county, shall be deposited among the archives of the county and all courts shall take judicial notice thereof. Amendments shall be certified and deposited in the same way. Amendments to the county constitution shall be approved by the voters and shall become part of the county constitution at the time and under the conditions fixed in each amendment.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri Alternative County Government Form, Amendment 1 (1994) on November 8, 1994.

## Local Government[edit]

### Section 19[edit]

| Text of Section 19:

Certain Cities May Adopt Charter Form of Government—-Procedure to Frame and Adopt—-Notice Required—-Effect of

Any city having more than five thousand inhabitants or any other incorporated city as may be provided by law may frame and adopt a charter for its own government. The legislative body of the city may, by ordinance, submit to the voters the question: “Shall a commission be chosen to frame a charter?” If the ordinance takes effect more than sixty days before the next election, the question shall be submitted at such election and if not, then at the next general election thereafter, except as herein otherwise provided. The question shall also be submitted on a petition signed by ten percent of the qualified electors of the city, filed with the body or official in charge of the city elections. If the petition prays for a special election and is signed by twenty percent of the qualified electors, a special election shall be held not less than sixty nor more than ninety days after the filing of the petition. The number of electors required to sign any petition shall be based upon the total number of electors voting at the last preceding general city election. The election body or official shall forthwith finally determine the sufficiency of the petition. The question, and the names or the groups of names of the electors of the city who are candidates for the commission, shall be printed on the same ballot without party designation. Candidates for the commission shall be nominated by petition signed by not less than two percent of the qualified electors voting at the next preceding city election, and filed with the election body or official at least thirty days prior to the election; provided that the signatures of one thousand electors shall be sufficient to nominate a candidate. If a majority of the electors voting on the question vote in the affirmative, the thirteen candidates receiving the highest number of votes shall constitute the commission. On the death, resignation or inability of any member to serve, the remaining members of the commission shall select the successor. All necessary expenses of the commission shall be paid by the city. The charter so framed shall be submitted to the electors of the city at an election held at the time fixed by the commission, but not less than thirty days subsequent to the completion of the charter nor more than one year from the date of the election of the commission. The commission may submit for separate vote any parts of the charter, or any alternative sections or articles, and the alternative sections or articles receiving the larger affirmative vote shall prevail if a charter is adopted. If the charter be approved by the voters it shall become the charter of such city at the time fixed therein and shall supersede any existing charter and amendments thereof. Duplicate certificates shall be made, setting forth the charter adopted and its ratification, signed by the chief magistrate of the city, and authenticated by its corporate seal. One of such certified copies shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state and the other, after being recorded in the records of the city, shall be deposited among the archives of the city and all courts shall take judicial notice thereof. The notice of the election shall be published at least once a week on the same day of the week for at least three weeks in some daily or weekly newspaper of general circulation in the city or county, admitted to the post office as second class matter, regularly and consecutively published for at least three years, and having a list of bona fide subscribers who have voluntarily paid or agreed to pay a stated price for a subscription for a definite period of time, the last publication to be within two weeks of the election.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 2, 1920.
* Amended on October 5, 1971.

### Section 19(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 19(a):

Power of Charter Cities, How Limited

Any city which adopts or has adopted a charter for its own government, shall have all powers which the general assembly of the state of Missouri has authority to confer upon any city, provided such powers are consistent with the constitution of this state and are not limited or denied either by the charter so adopted or by statute. Such a city shall, in addition to its home rule powers, have all powers conferred by law.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on October 5, 1971.

### Section 20[edit]

| Text of Section 20:

Amendment to City Charters—-Procedure to Submit and Adopt

Amendments of any city charter adopted under the foregoing provisions may be submitted to the electors by a commission as provided for a complete charter. Amendments may also be proposed by the legislative body of the city or by petition of not less than ten percent of the registered qualified electors of the city, filed with the body or official having charge of the city elections, setting forth the proposed amendment. The legislative body shall at once provide, by ordinance, that any amendment so proposed shall be submitted to the electors at the next election held in the city not less than sixty days after its passage, or at a special election held as provided for a charter. Any amendment approved by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon, shall become a part of the charter at the time and under the conditions fixed in the amendment; and sections or articles may be submitted separately or in the alternative and determined as provided for a complete charter.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 2, 1920.

### Section 21[edit]

| Text of Section 21:

Reclamation of Blighted, Substandard or Insanitary Areas

Laws may be enacted, and any city or county operating under a constitutional charter may enact ordinances, providing for the clearance, replanning, reconstruction, redevelopment and rehabilitation of blighted, substandard or insanitary areas, and for recreational and other facilities incidental or appurtenant thereto, and for taking or permitting the taking, by eminent domain, of property for such purposes, and when so taken the fee simple title to the property shall vest in the owner, who may sell or otherwise dispose of the property subject to such restrictions as may be deemed in the public interest.[1]

### Section 22[edit]

| Text of Section 22:

Laws Affecting Charter Cities—-Officers and Employees

No law shall be enacted creating or fixing the powers, duties or compensation of any municipal office or employment, for any city framing or adopting its own charter under this or any previous constitution, and all such offices or employments heretofore created shall cease at the end of the terms of any present incumbents.[1]

## Finances[edit]

### Section 23[edit]

| Text of Section 23:

Limitation on Ownership of Corporate Stock, Use of Credit and Grants of Public Funds by Local Governments

No county, city or other political corporation or subdivision of the state shall own or subscribe for stock in any corporation or association, or lend its credit or grant public money or thing of value to or in aid of any corporation, association or individual, except as provided in this constitution.[1]

### Section 23(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 23(a):

Cities May Acquire and Furnish Industrial Plants—-Indebtedness for

By vote of two-thirds of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, any county, city or incorporated town or village in this state may become indebted for and may purchase, construct, extend or improve plants to be leased or otherwise disposed of pursuant to law to private persons or corporations for manufacturing, warehousing and industrial development purposes, including the real estate, buildings, fixtures and machinery; and the indebtedness incurred hereunder shall not be subject to the provisions of sections 26(a), 26(b), 26(c), 26(d) and 26(e) of Article VI of this Constitution; but any indebtedness incurred hereunder for this purpose shall not exceed ten percent of the value of taxable tangible property in the county, city, or incorporated town or village as shown by the last completed assessment for state and county purposes.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 8, 1960.
* Amended on November 5, 1974.

### Section 24[edit]

| Text of Section 24:

Annual Budgets and Reports of Local Government and Municipally Owned Utilities—-Audits

As prescribed by law all counties, cities, other legal subdivisions of the state, and public utilities owned and operated by such subdivisions shall have an annual budget, file annual reports of their financial transactions, and be audited.[1]

### Section 25[edit]

| Text of Section 25:

Limitation on Use of Credit and Grant of Public Funds by Local Governments—-Pensions and Retirement Plans for Employees of Certain Cities and Counties

No county, city or other political corporation or subdivision of the state shall be authorized to lend its credit or grant public money or property to any private individual, association or corporation except as provided in Article VI, Section 23(a) and except that the general assembly may authorize any county, city or other political corporation or subdivision to provide for the retirement or pensioning of its officers and employees and the surviving spouses and children of deceased officers and employees and may also authorize payments from any public funds into a fund or funds for paying benefits upon retirement, disability or death to persons employed and paid out of any public fund for educational services and to their beneficiaries or estates; and except, also, that any county of the first class is authorized to provide for the creation and establishment of death benefits, pension and retirement plans for all its salaried employees, and the surviving spouses and minor children of such deceased employees; and except also, any county, city or political corporation or subdivision may provide for the payment of periodic cost of living increases in pension and retirement benefits paid under this section to its retired officers and employees and spouses of deceased officers and employees, provided such pension and retirement systems will remain actuarially sound.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on November 2, 1948.
* Amended on January 14, 1966.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Issue 1 (General)(1984) on November 6, 1984.

### Section 26(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(a):

Limitation on Indebtedness of Local Governments without Popular Vote

No county, city, incorporated town or village, school district or other political corporation or subdivision of the state shall become indebted in an amount exceeding in any year the income and revenue provided for such year plus any unencumbered balances from previous years, except as otherwise provided in this constitution.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 2, 1920.

### Section 26(b)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(b):

Limitation on Indebtedness of Local Government Authorized by Popular Vote

Any county, city, incorporated town or village or other political corporation or subdivision of the state, by vote of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, may become indebted in an amount not to exceed five percent of the value of taxable tangible property therein as shown by the last completed assessment for state or county purposes, except that a school district by a vote of the qualified electors voting thereon may become indebted in an amount not to exceed fifteen percent of the value of such taxable tangible property. For elections referred to in this section the vote required shall be four-sevenths at the general municipal election day, primary or general elections and two-thirds at all other elections.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 2, 1920.
* Amended on August 2, 1988.
* Amended on April 7, 1998.

### Section 26(c)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(c):

Additional Indebtedness of Counties and Cities when Authorized by Popular Vote

Any county or city, by a vote of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, may incur an additional indebtedness for county or city purposes not to exceed five percent of the taxable tangible property shown as provided in section 26(b). For elections referred to in this section the vote required shall be four-sevenths at the general municipal election day, primary or general elections and two-thirds at all other elections.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on August 2, 1988.

### Section 26(d)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(d):

Additional Indebtedness of Cities for Public Improvements—-Benefit Districts—-Special Assessments

Any city, by vote of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, may become indebted not exceeding in the aggregate an additional ten percent of the value of the taxable tangible property shown as provided in section 26(b), for the purpose of acquiring rights-of-way, constructing, extending and improving the streets and avenues and acquiring rights-of-way, constructing, extending and improving sanitary or storm sewer systems. The governing body of the city may provide that any portion or all of the cost of any such improvement be levied and assessed by the governing body on property benefited by such improvement, and the city shall collect any special assessments so levied and shall use the same to reimburse the city for the amount paid or to be paid by it on the bonds of the city issued for such improvement. For elections referred to in this section the vote required shall be four-sevenths at the general municipal election day, primary or general elections and two-thirds at all other elections.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on August 2, 1988.

### Section 26(e)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(e):

Additional Indebtedness of Cities for Municipally Owned Water and Light Plants—-Limitations

Any city, by vote of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, may incur an indebtedness in an amount not to exceed an additional ten percent of the value of the taxable tangible property shown as provided in section 26(b), for the purpose of paying all or any part of the cost of purchasing or constructing waterworks, electric or other light plants to be owned exclusively by the city, provided the total general obligation indebtedness of the city shall not exceed twenty percent of the assessed valuation. For elections referred to in this section the vote required shall be four-sevenths at the general municipal election day, primary or general elections and two-thirds at all other elections.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 2, 1920.
* Amended on August 2, 1988.

### Section 26(f)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(f):

Annual Tax to Pay and Retire Obligations within Twenty Years

Before incurring any indebtedness every county, city, incorporated town or village, school district, or other political corporation or subdivision of the state shall provide for the collection of an annual tax on all taxable tangible property therein sufficient to pay the interest and principal of the indebtedness as they fall due, and to retire the same within twenty years from the date contracted.[1]

### Section 26(g)[edit]

| Text of Section 26(g):

Contest of Elections to Authorize Indebtedness

All elections under this article may be contested as provided by law.[1]

### Section 27[edit]

| Text of Section 27:

Political Subdivision Revenue Bonds for Utility, Industrial and Airport Purposes—-Restrictions

Any city or incorporated town or village in this state, by vote of a majority of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, and any joint board or commission, established by a joint contract between municipalities or political subdivisions in this state, by compliance with then applicable requirements of law, may issue and sell its negotiable interest bearing revenue bonds for the purpose of paying all or part of the cost of purchasing, construction, extending or improving any of the following projects:

(1) Revenue producing water, sewer, gas or electric light works, heating or power plants;
(2) Plants to be leased or otherwise disposed of pursuant to law to private persons or corporations for manufacturing and industrial development purposes, including the real estate, buildings, fixtures and machinery; or
(3) Airports. The project shall be owned by the municipality or by the cooperating municipalities or political subdivisions or the joint board or commission, either exclusively or jointly or by participation with cooperatives or municipally owned or public utilities, the cost of operation and maintenance and the principal and interest of the bonds to be payable solely from the revenues derived by the municipality or by the cooperating municipalities or political subdivisions or the joint board or commission from the operation of the utility or the lease or operation of the project. The bonds shall not constitute an indebtedness of the state, or of any political subdivision thereof, and neither the full faith and credit nor the taxing power of the state or of any political subdivision thereof is pledged to the payment of or the interest on such bonds. Nothing in this section shall affect the ability of the public service commission to regulate investor-owned utilities.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on November 8, 1960.
* Amended on August 17, 1965.
* Amended on November 5, 1974.
* Amended on November 7, 1978.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Issue 1 (General)(1986) on November 4, 1986.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Sewer Improvement Bonds, Amendment 6 (1998) on November 3, 1998.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri Joint Boards or Commissions for Political Subdivisions, Amendment 4 (2002) on November 5, 2002.

### Section 27(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 27(a):

Political Subdivision Revenue Bonds Issued for Utilities and Airports, Restrictions

Any county, city or incorporated town or village in this state, by vote of a majority of the qualified electors thereof voting thereon, may issue and sell its negotiable interest bearing revenue bonds for the purpose of paying all or part of the cost of purchasing, constructing, extending or improving any of the following:

(1) revenue producing water, gas or electric light works, heating or power plants; or
(2) airports; to be owned exclusively by the county, city or incorporated town or village, the cost of operation and maintenance and the principal and interest of the bonds to be payable solely from the revenues derived by the county, city or incorporated town or village from the operation of the utility or airport.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 7, 1978.

### Section 27(b)[edit]

| Text of Section 27(b):

Political Subdivision Revenue Bonds Issued for Industrial Development, Restriction

Any county, city or incorporated town or village in this state, by a majority vote of the governing body thereof, may issue and sell its negotiable interest bearing revenue bonds for the purpose of paying all or part of the cost of purchasing, constructing, extending or improving any facility to be leased or otherwise disposed of pursuant to law to private persons or corporations for manufacturing, commercial, warehousing and industrial development purposes, including the real estate, buildings, fixtures and machinery. The cost of operation and maintenance and the principal and interest of the bonds shall be payable solely from the revenues derived by the county, city, or incorporated town or village from the lease or other disposal of the facility.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 7, 1978.

### Section 27(c)[edit]

| Text of Section 27(c):

Revenue Bonds Defined

As used in article VI, sections 27(a) and 27(b), the term “revenue bonds” means bonds neither the interest nor the principal of which is an indebtedness or obligation of the issuing county, city or incorporated town or village.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 7, 1978.

### Section 28[edit]

| Text of Section 28:

Refunding Bonds

For the purpose of refunding, extending, and unifying the whole or any part of its valid bonded indebtedness any county, city, school district, or other political corporation or subdivision of the state, under terms and conditions prescribed by law may issue refunding bonds not exceeding in amount the principal of the outstanding indebtedness to be refunded and the accrued interest to the date of such refunding bonds. The governing authority shall provide for the payment of interest at not to exceed the same rate, and the principal of such refunding bonds, in the same manner as was provided for the payment of interest and principal of the bonds refunded.[1]

### Section 29[edit]

| Text of Section 29:

Application of Funds Derived from Public Debts

The moneys arising from any loan, debt, or liability contracted by the state, or any county, city, or other political subdivision, shall be applied to the purposes for which they were obtained, or to the repayment of such debt or liability, and not otherwise.[1]

## City and County of St. Louis[edit]

### Section 30(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 30(a):

Powers Conferred with Respect to Intergovernmental Relations—-Procedure for Selection of Board of Freeholders

The people of the city of St. Louis and the people of the county of St. Louis shall have power

(1) to consolidate the territories and governments of the city and county into one political subdivision under the municipal government of the city of St. Louis; or,
(2) to extend the territorial boundaries of the county so as to embrace the territory within the city and to reorganize and consolidate the county governments of the city and county, and adjust their relations as thus united, and thereafter the city may extend its limits in the manner provided by law for other cities; or,
(3) to enlarge the present or future limits of the city by annexing thereto part of the territory of the county, and to confer upon the city exclusive jurisdiction of the territory so annexed to the city; or,
(4) to establish a metropolitan district or districts for the functional administration of services common to the area included therein; or,
(5) to formulate and adopt any other plan for the partial or complete government of all or any part of the city and the county. The power so given shall be exercised by the vote of the people of the city and county upon a plan prepared by a board of freeholders consisting of nineteen members, nine of whom shall be electors of the city and nine electors of the county and one an elector of some other county. Upon the filing with the officials in general charge of elections in the city of a petition proposing the exercise of the powers hereby granted, signed by registered voters of the city in such number as shall equal three percent of the total vote cast in the city at the last general election for governor, and the certification thereof by the election officials to the mayor, and to the governor, then, within ten days after the certification the mayor shall, with the approval of a majority of the board of aldermen, appoint the city’s nine members of the board, not more than five of whom shall be members of or affiliated with the same political party. Each member so appointed shall be given a certificate certifying his appointment signed by the mayor and attested by the seal of the city. Upon the filing with the officials in general charge of elections in the county of a similar petition signed by registered voters of the county, in such number as shall equal three percent of the total vote cast in the county at the last general election for governor, and the certification thereof by the county election officials to the county supervisor of the county and to the governor,

within ten days after the certification, the county supervisor shall, with the approval of a majority of the county council, appoint the county’s nine members of the board, not more than five of whom shall be members of or affiliated with the same political party. Each member so appointed shall be given a certificate of his appointment signed by the county supervisor and attested by the seal of the county.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 4, 1924.
* Amended on November 8, 1966.

### Section 30(b)[edit]

| Text of Section 30(b):

Appointment of Member by Governor—-Meetings of Board—-Vacancies—-Compensation and Reimbursement of Members-—Preparation of Plan—-Taxation of Real Estate Affected—-Submission at Special Elections—-Effect of Adoption-—Certification and Recordation—-Judicial Notice

Upon certification of the filing of such similar petitions by the officials in general charge of elections of the city and the county, the governor shall appoint one member of the board who shall be a resident of the state, but shall not reside in either the city or the county, who shall be given a certificate of his appointment signed by the governor and attested by the seal of the state. The freeholders of the city and county shall fix reasonable compensation and expenses for the freeholder appointed by the governor and the cost shall be paid equally by the city and county. The appointment of the board shall be completed within thirty days after the certification of the filing of the petition, and at ten o’clock on the second Monday after their appointment the members of the board shall meet in the chamber of the board of aldermen in the city hall of the city and shall proceed with the discharge of their duties, and shall meet at such other times and places as shall be agreed upon. On the death, resignation or inability of any member of the board to serve, the appointing authority shall select the successor. The board shall prepare and propose a plan for the execution of the powers herein granted and for the adjustment of all matters and issues arising thereunder. The members of the board shall receive no compensation for their services as members, but the necessary expenses of the board shall be paid one-half by the county and one-half by the city on vouchers signed by the chairman of the board. The plan shall be signed in duplicate by the board or a majority thereof, and one copy shall be returned to the officials having general charge of elections in the city, and the other to such officials in the county, within one year after the appointment of the board. Said election officials shall cause separate elections to be held in the city and county, on the day fixed by the freeholders, at which the plan shall be submitted to the qualified voters of the city and county separately. The elections shall not be less than ninety days after the filing of the plan with said officials, and not on or within seventy days of any state or county primary or general Election Day in the city or county. The plan shall provide for the assessment and taxation of real estate in accordance with the use to which it is being put at the time of the assessment, whether agricultural, industrial or other use, giving due regard to the other provisions of this constitution. If a majority of the qualified electors of the city voting thereon, and a majority of the qualified electors of the county voting thereon at the separate elections shall vote for the plan, then, at such time as shall be prescribed therein, the same shall become the organic law of the territory therein defined, and shall take the place of and supersede all laws, charter provisions and ordinances inconsistent therewith relating to said territory. If the plan be adopted, copies thereof, certified to by said election officials of the city and county, shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state and recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds for the city, and in the office of the recorder of deeds of the present county, and the courts of this state shall take judicial notice thereof.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Adopted on November 4, 1924.

## City of St. Louis[edit]

### Section 31[edit]

| Text of Section 31:

Recognition of City of St. Louis as Now Existing Both as a City and as a County

The city of St. Louis, as now existing, is recognized both as a city and as a county unless otherwise changed in accordance with the provisions of this constitution. As a city it shall continue for city purposes with its present charter, subject to changes and amendments provided by the constitution or by law, and with the powers, organization, rights and privileges permitted by this constitution or by law. As a county, it shall not be required to adopt a county charter but may, except for the office of circuit attorney, amend or revise its present charter to provide for the number, kinds, manner of selection, terms of office and salaries of its county officers, and for the exercise of all powers and duties of counties and county officers prescribed by the constitution and laws of the state.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri St. Louis City Charter, Amendment 1 (2002) on November 5, 2002.

### Section 32(a)[edit]

| Text of Section 32(a):

Amendment of Charter of St. Louis

The charter of the city of St. Louis now existing, or as hereafter amended or revised, may be amended or revised for city or county purposes from time to time by proposals therefore submitted by the lawmaking body of the city to the qualified voters thereof, at a general or special election held at least sixty days after the publication of such proposals, and accepted by three-fifths of the qualified electors voting for or against each of said amendments or revisions so submitted.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on November 6, 1934.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri St. Louis City Charter, Amendment 1 (2002) on November 5, 2002.

### Section 32(b)[edit]

| Text of Section 32(b):

Revision of Charter of St. Louis—-Officers to Complete Terms and Staff Given Opportunity for City Employment

In the event of any amendment or revision of the charter of the city of St. Louis which shall reorganize any county office and/or transfer any or all of the duties, powers and functions of any county officer who is then in office, the officer shall serve out the remainder of his or her term, and the amendment or revision of the charter of the city of St. Louis shall take effect, as to such office, upon the expiration of the term of such office holder. In the event of any amendment or revision of the charter of the city of St. Louis which shall reorganize any county office and/or transfer any or all of the duties, powers and functions of any county officer, all of the staff of such office shall be afforded the opportunity to become employees of the city of St. Louis with their individual seniority and compensation unaffected and on such other comparable terms and conditions as may be fair and equitable.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended on November 6, 1934.
* Amended with the approval of Missouri St. Louis City Charter, Amendment 1 (2002) on November 5, 2002.

### Section 32(c)[edit]

| Text of Section 32(c):

Effect of Revision on Retirement

An amendment or revision adopted pursuant to section 32(a) of this article shall not deprive any person of any right or privilege to retire and to retirement benefits, if any, to which he or she was entitled immediately prior to the effective date of that amendment or revision.[1]

#### Amendments[edit]

* Amended with the approval of Missouri St. Louis City Charter, Amendment 1 (2002) on November 5, 2002.

### Section 33[edit]

| Text of Section 33:

Certification, Recordation and Deposit of Amendments and Revised Charter—-Judicial Notice

Copies of any new or revised charter of the city of St. Louis or of any amendments to the present, or to any new or revised charter, with a certificate thereto appended, signed by the chief executive and authenticated by the seal of the city, setting forth the submission to and ratification thereof, by the qualified voters of the city shall be made in duplicate, one of which shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state, and the other, after being recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds of the city, shall be deposited among the archives of the city, and thereafter all courts of this state shall take judicial notice thereof.[1]

## See also[edit]

* State constitution
* Constitutional article
* Constitutional amendment
* Constitutional revision
* Constitutional convention
* Amendments
* Initiated constitutional amendment
* Legislatively-referred constitutional amendment
* Publication requirements for proposed state constitutional amendments
* Rules about constitutional conventions in state constitutions
* State constitutional articles governing state legislatures

## External links[edit]

| Suggest a link

|

* Missouri General Assembly, "Missouri Constitution"
* History Engine, "Missouri's Third State Constitution Adopted"
* The Civil War in Missouri, "The Constitution of 1865 - Drake Constitution"
* Missouri State.edu, "Missouri Constitution of 1820"
* Missouri.gov, "Home"
* Green Papers, "Historical overview of the Missouri Constitution"
* YouTube, "Missouri Constitution"

## Additional reading[edit]

* Schmidt, Alex J. (2008). Our Federal Constitution, Our Missouri Constitution, New York, New York: RJS Publications

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.45 1.46 1.47 1.48 1.49 1.50 1.51 1.52 1.53 1.54 1.55 1.56 1.57 1.58 1.59 1.60 1.61 1.62 1.63 Missouri General Assembly, "Missouri Constitution," accessed March 30, 2014

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