North Carolina State Senate

General Information
Party control: |  Republican
Session start: |  April 24, 2024
Session end: |  July 31, 2024
Term length: |  2 years
Term limits: |  None
Redistricting: | Legislature-dominant
Salary: |  $13,951/year
\+ per diem and expenses
Members
Total: | 50
Democrats: | 20
Republicans: | 30
Other: | 0
Vacancies: | 0
Leadership
President: |  Mark Robinson (R)
Maj. Leader: |  Paul Newton (R)
Min. Leader: |  Dan Blue (D)
Elections
Last election: | November 8, 2022
Next election: | November 5, 2024

The North Carolina State Senate is the upper chamber of the General Assembly of North Carolina. Alongside the North Carolina House of Representatives, it forms the legislative branch of the North Carolina state government and works alongside the governor of North Carolina to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the North Carolina State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.

The North Carolina State Senate meets in the Legislative Building in Raleigh, North Carolina.

On October 25, 2023, the North Carolina General Assembly adopted new legislative district boundaries.[1] The legislation adopting the new Senate districts passed the State Senate by a vote of 28-17 and the State House by a vote of 63-40.[2] The legislation adopting the new House districts passed the State Senate by a vote of 27-17 and the State House by a vote of 62-44.[3] All four votes were strictly along party lines with all votes in favor by Republicans and all votes against by Democrats.[4][5][6][7] WUNC's Rusty Jacobs wrote that Catawba College Prof. Michael "Bitzer said Republicans have drawn maps that have a strong chance of preserving their veto-proof super majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. Bitzer noted that constitutional provisions, like requiring legislators to keep counties whole when drawing state legislative districts, make it more difficult for lawmakers to gerrymander these maps more aggressively."[8] Click here for more information about redistricting after the 2020 census.

* All 50 seats in the North Carolina State Senate are up for election in 2024.

* All 50 seats in the North Carolina State Senate were up for election in 2022. The chamber's Republican majority decreased from 28-22 to 30-20.
* North Carolina has a divided government where neither party holds a trifecta. The Democratic Party controls the office of governor, while the Republican Party controls both chambers of the state legislature.

This page contains the following information on the North Carolina State Senate.

* Which party controls the chamber
* The chamber's current membership
* Partisan control of the chamber over time
* Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
* A district map
* How redistricting works in the state
* Legislation currently under consideration
* Legislative session dates
* Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
* A list of committees

## Party control[edit]

### Current partisan control[edit]

The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the North Carolina State Senate as of August 2024:

Party  | As of August 2024

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| Democratic Party | 20
| Republican Party | 30
| Other  | 0
| Vacancies  | 0
Total |  50

## Members[edit]

### Leadership[edit]

The lieutenant governor serves as president of the Senate but can only vote in the event of a tie. The Senate elects other officers from their members, including a president pro tempore. The president pro tempore then appoints members to serve on standing committees.[9][10]

### Leadership and members[edit]

* Senate president: Mark Robinson (R)
* President pro tem: Phil Berger (R)
* Majority leader: Paul Newton (R)
* Minority leader: Dan Blue (D)

Office | Name | Party | Date assumed office

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North Carolina State Senate District 1 | Norman Sanderson | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 2 | Bob Brinson | Republican  | July 31, 2024
North Carolina State Senate District 3 | Robert Hanig | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 4 | Eldon Sharpe Newton III | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 5 | Kandie Smith | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 6 | Michael Lazzara | Republican  | January 1, 2021
North Carolina State Senate District 7 | Michael Lee | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 8 | William Rabon | Republican  | January 1, 2011
North Carolina State Senate District 9 | Brent Jackson | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 10 | Benton Sawrey | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 11 | Lisa Barnes | Republican  | January 1, 2021
North Carolina State Senate District 12 | Jim Burgin | Republican  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 13 | Lisa Grafstein | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 14 | Dan Blue | Democratic  | 2009
North Carolina State Senate District 15 | Jay Chaudhuri | Democratic  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 16 | Gale Adcock | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 17 | Sydney Batch | Democratic  | January 13, 2021
North Carolina State Senate District 18 | Mary Wills Bode | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 19 | Val Applewhite | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 20 | Natalie Murdock | Democratic  | April 1, 2020
North Carolina State Senate District 21 | Tom McInnis | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 22 | Mike Woodard | Democratic  | 2013
North Carolina State Senate District 23 | Graig R. Meyer | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 24 | Danny Earl Britt | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 25 | Amy Galey | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 26 | Phil Berger | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 27 | Michael Garrett | Democratic  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 28 | Gladys Robinson | Democratic  | January 1, 2011
North Carolina State Senate District 29 | Dave Craven | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 30 | Steven Jarvis | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 31 | Joyce Krawiec | Republican  | January 10, 2014
North Carolina State Senate District 32 | Paul Lowe | Democratic  | January 30, 2015
North Carolina State Senate District 33 | Carl Ford | Republican  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 34 | Paul Newton | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 35 | Todd Johnson | Republican  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 36 | Eddie Settle | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 37 | Vickie Sawyer | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 38 | Mujtaba Mohammed | Democratic  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 39 | DeAndrea Salvador | Democratic  | January 1, 2021
North Carolina State Senate District 40 | Joyce Waddell | Democratic  | January 1, 2015
North Carolina State Senate District 41 | Natasha Marcus | Democratic  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 42 | Rachel Hunt | Democratic  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 43 | Brad Overcash | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 44 | Ted Alexander | Republican  | January 1, 2019
North Carolina State Senate District 45 | H. Dean Proctor | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 46 | Warren Daniel | Republican  | January 1, 2013
North Carolina State Senate District 47 | Ralph Hise | Republican  | January 1, 2011
North Carolina State Senate District 48 | Timothy Moffitt | Republican  | January 1, 2023
North Carolina State Senate District 49 | Julie Mayfield | Democratic  | January 1, 2021
North Carolina State Senate District 50 | Kevin Corbin | Republican  | January 1, 2021

### Salaries[edit]

See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
State legislative salaries, 2024[11]

Salary| Per diem
$13,951/year| $104/day

### Swearing in dates[edit]

See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

North Carolina legislators assume office on January 1 the year after their election.[12][13]

### Membership qualifications[edit]

See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

Article 2, Section 6 of the North Carolina Constitution states:

“  | Each Senator, at the time of his election, shall be not less than 25 years of age, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the State as a citizen for two years and in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election.[14][15] | ”

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## Historical party control[edit]

Republicans won control of the North Carolina State Senate in 2010. In 2022, they won a 30-20 majority.

The table below shows the partisan history of the North Carolina Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

North Carolina State Senate election results: 1992-2022

Year  | '92  | '94  | '96  | '98  | '00  | '02  | '04  | '06  | '08  | '10  | '12  | '14  | '16  | '18  | '20  | '22

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Democrats | 39 | 26 | 30 | 35 | 35 | 28 | 29 | 31 | 30 | 19 | 18 | 16 | 15 | 21 | 22 | 20
Republicans | 11 | 24 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 20 | 31 | 32 | 34 | 35 | 29 | 28 | 30

### Trifecta history[edit]

A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, North Carolina was under the following types of trifecta control:

* Democratic trifecta: 1993-1994, 1999-2010
* Republican trifecta: 2013-2016
* Divided government: 1992, 1995-1998, 2011-2012, 2017-2023

North Carolina Party Control: 1992-2024
Fourteen years of Democratic trifectas • Four years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year  | 92  | 93  | 94  | 95  | 96  | 97  | 98  | 99  | 00  | 01  | 02  | 03  | 04  | 05  | 06  | 07  | 08  | 09  | 10  | 11  | 12  | 13  | 14  | 15  | 16  | 17  | 18  | 19  | 20  | 21  | 22  | 23  | 24

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Governor | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R
House | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R

## Elections[edit]

### Elections by year[edit]

North Carolina state senators serve two-year terms, with all seats up for election every two years. North Carolina holds elections for its legislature in even years.

### 2026[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2026

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate will take place in 2026. The general election is on November 3, 2026.

### 2024[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2024

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. The primary was March 5, 2024, and the primary runoff was May 14, 2024. The filing deadline was December 15, 2023.

### 2022[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2022

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was held on May 17, 2022. A primary runoff was scheduled to be held on July 5, 2022. The filing deadline was March 4, 2022.

In the November 2022 election, the Republican Party expanded its majority by two seats, from 28-22 to 30-20.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 8, 2022  | After November 9, 2022
| Democratic Party | 22  | 20
| Republican Party | 28 | 30
Total |  50 |  50

### 2020[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2020

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for March 3, 2020. The filing deadline was December 20, 2019.

In the November 2020 election, the Republicans lost one seat in the North Carolina State Senate but retained a 28-22 majority.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 3, 2020  | After November 4, 2020
| Democratic Party | 21  | 22
| Republican Party | 29 | 28
Total |  50 |  50

### 2018[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2018

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate took place in 2018. The semi-closed primary election took place on May 8, 2018, and a primary runoff took place on June 26, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was February 28, 2018.[16][17]

In the 2018 elections, Republicans lost six seats but maintained control of the North Carolina State Senate.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 6, 2018  | After November 7, 2018
| Democratic Party | 15  | 21
| Republican Party | 35 | 29
Total |  50 |  50

### 2016[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2016

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election was held on March 15, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016.[18] The candidate filing deadline was December 21, 2015.[19] All 50 seats in the North Carolina State Senate were up for election in 2016.

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 34-16 majority. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 35-15 majority.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 7, 2016  | After November 8, 2016
| Democratic Party | 16  | 15
| Republican Party | 34 | 35
Total |  50 |  50
Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000

### 2014[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2014

Elections for the North Carolina State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on May 6, 2014. The general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was February 28, 2014.

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 33-17 majority. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 34-16 majority.

| North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 3, 2014  | After November 4, 2014
| Democratic Party | 17  | 16
| Republican Party | 33 | 34
Total |  50 |  50

### 2012[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2012

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on May 8, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was February 29, 2012. A total of 50 seats were up for election.

Heading into the election, Republicans held a 31-19 majority. Republicans gained one seat in the election, giving them a 32-18 majority.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 5, 2012  | After the 2012 Election
| Democratic Party | 19  | 18
| Republican Party | 31 | 32
Total |  50 |  50

During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to the 129 Senate candidates was $15,133,676. The top 10 contributors were:[20]

2012 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Republican Party  | $2,872,503
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $301,275
Randy Ramsey  | $257,908
Nationwide  | $138,000
NC State Democratic Caucus  | $135,584
North Carolina Medical Society  | $112,250
North Carolina Hospital Association  | $106,250
North Carolina Association of Realtors  | $105,750
North Carolina Farm Bureau  | $103,200
North Carolina Republican Senate Caucus  | $97,735

The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election.

2012 Margin of Victory, North Carolina State Senate

District  | Winner  | Margin of Victory  | Total Votes  | Top Opponent
District 1 |  William Cook | 0% | 87,449 | Stan White
District 12 |  Ronald Rabin | 2% | 74,146 | Brad Salmon
District 25 |  Gene McLaurin | 6% | 84,066 | Gene McIntyre
District 17 |  Tamara Barringer | 7.3% | 106,399 | Erv Portman
District 19 |  Wesley Meredith | 7.8% | 69,244 | George Tatum
District 9 |  Thomas Goolsby | 8.3% | 97,772 | Deb Butler
District 18 |  Chad Barefoot | 11.8% | 92,770 | Doug Berger
District 47 |  Ralph Hise | 12.9% | 82,214 | Phil Feagan
District 50 |  Jim Davis | 14.2% | 88,294 | John Snow
District 46 |  Warren Daniel | 14.7% | 78,457 | John T. McDevitt

### 2010[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2010

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on May 4, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The primary runoff was held on June 22, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was February 26, 2010.

Heading into the election, Democrats held a 30-20 majority. Democrats lost 11 seats in the election, giving Republicans a 31-19 majority.

North Carolina State Senate

Party  | As of November 1, 2010  | After the 2010 Election
| Democratic Party | 30 | 19
| Republican Party | 20  | 31
Total |  50 |  50

During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to the 137 Senate candidates was $18,614,595. The top 10 contributors were:[21]

2010 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Republican Party  | $2,171,725
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $1,851,252
North Carolina Democratic Party Caucus  | $562,126
Bordeaux, Frankie L  | $477,675
North Carolina Republican Senate Caucus  | $360,908
North Carolina Democratic Party Senate Caucus  | $350,810
North Carolina Republican Party Senatorial Trust  | $245,781
Jackson, Brent  | $221,410
Goolsby, Thomas C  | $169,316
North Carolina Medical Society  | $154,500

### 2008[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2008

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on May 6, 2008, and a general election on November 6, 2008.

During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to the 115 Senate candidates was $15,991,201. The top 10 contributors were:[22]

2008 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $1,953,530
North Carolina Democratic Senate Cmte  | $1,088,751
North Carolina Republican Party  | $569,871
Soles Jr, R C  | $341,000
Reeves, Nena W  | $244,274
North Carolina Republican Senate Cmte  | $206,436
Citizens for Higher Education  | $198,000
Rucho, Robert A  | $170,000
North Carolina Medical Society  | $146,000
Nichols, Monroe Jackson  | $131,000

### 2006[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2006

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on May 2, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006.

During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to the 99 Senate candidates was $14,697,182. The top 10 contributors were:[23]

2006 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $1,735,712
North Carolina Democratic Senate Cmte  | $902,979
North Carolina Republican Party  | $392,766
Queen, Joe Sam  | $191,073
North Carolina Association of Realtors  | $189,750
Citizens for Higher Education  | $178,250
North Carolina Medical Society  | $138,859
North Carolina Home Builders Association  | $128,550
North Carolina Academy of Trial Lawyers  | $128,500
Bank of America  | $121,200

### 2004[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2004

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on July 20, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004.

During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to the 137 Senate candidates was $13,819,791. The top 10 contributors were:[24]

2004 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $1,851,975
North Carolina Democratic Senate Cmte  | $638,428
Harris, Oscar N  | $287,352
Mumma, Christine  | $279,513
Queen, Joe Sam  | $278,400
North Carolina Republican Party  | $264,603
Citizens for Higher Education  | $142,000
Duke Energy  | $108,500
North Carolina Academy of Trial Lawyers  | $105,000
Testa, James (Jim)  | $100,000

### 2002[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2002

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on June 11, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002.

During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to the 172 Senate candidates was $12,996,012. The top 10 contributors were:[25]

2002 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Democratic Party  | $2,083,272
North Carolina Democratic Executive Cmte - Senate  | $543,136
Pittenger, Robert  | $401,300
Smith, Fred  | $318,919
Queen, Joe Sam  | $250,000
Odom, T L (Fountain)  | $151,000
Moore, Tony P  | $101,500
Duke Energy  | $92,000
Love, Jimmy L  | $90,723
North Carolina Association of Realtors  | $89,200

### 2000[edit]

See also: North Carolina State Senate elections, 2000

Elections for the office of North Carolina State Senate consisted of a primary election on May 2, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000.

During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to the 111 Senate candidates was $9,180,706. The top 10 contributors were:[26]

2000 Donors, North Carolina State Senate

Donor  | Amount
North Carolina Democratic Executive Cmte - Senate  | $1,760,153
North Carolina Democratic Executive Cmte - House  | $283,082
North Carolina Medical Society  | $84,000
Bank of America  | $74,000
Duke Energy  | $63,000
North Carolina Republican Party  | $61,914
Hipps, David G  | $61,000
Carolina Power & Light  | $54,000
Bellsouth  | $53,000
Ledbetter, Jesse  | $51,000

### Vacancies[edit]

See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures

If there is a vacancy in the General Assembly of North Carolina, the governor is responsible for appointing a replacement.[27][28]

When making an appointment, the governor must make a decision from a list of recommended candidates submitted by the political party committee that last held the vacant seat.[29] The appointment must be made within seven days of receiving a list of recommended candidates.[28] The person selected to the seat serves for the remainder of the unfilled term.[28]

See sources: North Carolina Const. Art. 2, Sec. 10 and North Carolina Gen. Stat. § 163-11

## District map[edit]

See also: North Carolina state legislative districts

The state of North Carolina has 170 legislative districts. Each district elects one legislator. The state Senate has 50 districts and the state House has 120 districts.

Use the interactive map below to find your district.

The map below shows this district's current boundaries, not those adopted for the 2024 election cycle.

## Redistricting[edit]

See also: Redistricting in North Carolina

In North Carolina, the state legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines. District maps cannot be vetoed by the governor. State legislative redistricting must take place in the first regular legislative session following the United States Census. There are no explicit deadlines in place for congressional redistricting.[30]

State law establishes the following requirements for state legislative districts:[30]

* Districts must be contiguous and compact.
* Districts "must cross county lines as little as possible." If counties are grouped together, the group should include as few counties as possible.
* Communities of interest should be taken into account.

There are no similar restrictions in place regarding congressional districts.[30]

### 2020-2023[edit]

See also: Redistricting in North Carolina after the 2020 census

On October 25, 2023, the North Carolina General Assembly adopted new legislative district boundaries.[1] The legislation adopting the new Senate districts passed the State Senate by a vote of 28-17 and the State House by a vote of 63-40.[31] The legislation adopting the new House districts passed the State Senate by a vote of 27-17 and the State House by a vote of 62-44.[32] All four votes were strictly along party lines with all votes in favor by Republicans and all votes against by Democrats.[33][34][35][36] WUNC's Rusty Jacobs wrote that Catawba College Prof. Michael "Bitzer said Republicans have drawn maps that have a strong chance of preserving their veto-proof super majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. Bitzer noted that constitutional provisions, like requiring legislators to keep counties whole when drawing state legislative districts, make it more difficult for lawmakers to gerrymander these maps more aggressively."[37]

The state redrew its district boundaries after the state supreme court overturned its 2022 decision that North Carolina's enacted congressional and legislative maps were unconstitutional due to partisan gerrymandering.

As a result of state supreme court elections in 2022, the court flipped from a 4-3 Democratic majority to a 5-2 Republican majority. In its ruling, the court said, "we hold that partisan gerrymandering claims present a political question that is nonjusticiable under the North Carolina Constitution. Accordingly, the decision of this Court in Harper I is overruled. We affirm the three judge panel’s 11 January 2022 Judgment concluding, inter alia, that partisan gerrymandering claims are nonjusticiable, political questions and dismissing all of plaintiffs’ claims with prejudice."Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

##### Reactions to 2023 state legislative maps[edit]

The Carolina Journal's Alex Baltzegar reported that "The John Locke Foundation recently released its annual Civitas Partisan Index scores for the legislative maps, which found there to be 28 Republican-leaning seats, 17 Democrat-leaning seats, and five toss-ups in the state Senate map."[1] Baltzegar also reported that "The new state House map would yield approximately 69 Republican and 48 Democratic seats, with three being in the swing category, according to Civitas’ CPI ratings. However, state House districts are smaller, and political outcomes vary to a higher degree. Many of the “lean” Republican or Democrat seats could be won by either party, and political shifts and trends will influence certain districts in the future."[1]

State Rep. Tim Longest (D) said, “This map secures more Republican seats than 100,000 randomly generated maps. That is unexplainable by geography, deliberately designed to maximize advantage."[38]

WUNC's Rusty Jacobs wrote that "Republican Sen. Ralph Hise, a co-chair of the Senate's redistricting committee, maintained that the maps were drawn applying traditional redistricting criteria, such as maintaining equal population across districts and minimizing the splitting of municipalities and precincts."[39]

#### District map after the 2020 redistricting cycle[edit]

Below is the state House map in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for North Carolina’s 2024 state legislative elections.

### North Carolina State Senate Districts
before 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

### North Carolina State Senate Districts
after 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

### 2010-2018[edit]

See also: Redistricting in North Carolina after the 2010 census

In June 2017, the Supreme Court of the United States affirmed a federal district court decision finding that 28 state legislative districts (including nine state Senate districts and 19 state House districts) had been subject to an illegal racial gerrymander. The district court then ordered state lawmakers to draft remedial maps for use in the 2018 election cycle. The legislature adopted new state House and Senate district maps on August 30, 2017. On October 26, 2017, the district court appointed an individual, known as a special master, "to assist the Court in further evaluating and, if necessary, redrawing" the revised district maps. On January 19, 2018, the district court issued an order adopting the special master's recommendations, which included redrawn maps for Senate Districts 21 and 28 and House Districts 21, 36, 37, 40, 41, 57, and 105. These were further revisions to the remedial maps adopted by the legislature. On February 6, 2018, the Supreme Court issued a partial stay against the district court's order. The stay applied to five revised state House districts in Wake and Mecklenburg counties (four in Wake County, one in Mecklenburg). The four remaining district maps adopted by the district court (in Hoke, Cumberland, Guilford, Sampson, and Wayne counties) were permitted to stand. On June 28, 2018, the Supreme Court of the United States issued a per curiam ruling in North Carolina v. Covington, affirming in part and remanding in part the district court decision. This allowed the court's order to stand as it applied to districts in Hoke, Cumberland, Guilford, Sampson, and Wayne counties but overturned the district court's decision as it applied to districts in Wake and Mecklenburg counties. For more information, see this article.

North Carolina received its local census data on March 1, 2011. The Republican-controlled legislature began the redistricting process on July 11, 2011, when Republicans released their proposed maps. Each chamber's final map passed through the General Assembly on July 27, 2011. The U.S. Department of Justice pre-cleared the plan on November 1, 2011, but lawsuits followed, as Democrats and community groups charged that Republicans had illegally packed black voters into districts to weaken their voting power.

## Sessions[edit]

### Legislation[edit]

The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the North Carolina State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by the House and signed by the governor after its passage in the Senate. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.

### Dates of legislative sessions in North Carolina by year[edit]

### 2024[edit]

See also: 2024 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions

In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on April 24, 2024, and adjourn on July 31, 2024.

### 2023[edit]

See also: 2023 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2023 state legislative sessions

In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 11, 2023, and adjourn on October 25, 2023.

Click [show] for past years' session dates.

### 2022[edit]

See also: 2022 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2022 state legislative sessions

In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on May 18, 2022, and adjourn on July 1, 2022.

### 2021[edit]

See also: 2021 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2021 state legislative sessions

In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 13, 2021, and adjourn on December 30, 2021.

### 2020[edit]

See also: 2020 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2020 state legislative sessions

In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on April 28, 2020, and adjourn on September 3, 2020.

#### Effect of coronavirus pandemic[edit]

See also: Changes to state legislative session dates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020

Coronavirus pandemic
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Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.

### 2019[edit]

See also: 2019 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2019 state legislative sessions

In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2019, through October 31, 2019. It reconvened from November 13-15 over redistricting. It was expected to reconvene on January 14, 2020, over redistricting, vetoes, and healthcare.

### 2018[edit]

See also: 2018 North Carolina legislative session and Dates of 2018 state legislative sessions

In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 10, 2018, through December 27, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here.

### 2017[edit]

See also: Dates of 2017 state legislative sessions and Redistricting in North Carolina

In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 11, 2017, through June 30, 2017. Before the legislature adjourned its regular scheduled session, the legislature scheduled the following additional session dates: August 3, August 18 to August 25, August 28 to August 31, and October 4 to October 17.[40]

### 2016[edit]

See also: Dates of 2016 state legislative sessions

In 2016, the legislature was in session from April 25 through July 1.

* The Legislature held a two-day special session from February 18-19 to redraw Congressional district maps.[41]
* The Legislature held a special session on March 23 to discuss Charlotte's LGBT bathroom ordinance that would have went into effect on April 1. The ordinance would have allowed transgender people to use the bathroom of their choosing by the gender with which they identify.[42] Both the Senate and House passed legislation that prevents local governments from setting up their own anti-discrimination rules.[43] Gov. Pat McCrory (R) signed the bill on March 23.[44] The bill was repealed in March 2017.[45]

### 2015[edit]

See also: Dates of 2015 state legislative sessions

In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 14 through September 30.

#### Major issues in 2015[edit]

Major issues in the 2015 legislative session included the budget shortfall, Medicaid expansion, increased teacher pay, coal ash clean up, and reforming the state's tax structure.[46] Legislators and Governor Pat McCrory (R) disagreed over religious exemptions for local officials issuing marriage licenses, which is detailed here.

### 2014[edit]

See also: Dates of 2014 state legislative sessions

In 2014, the legislature was in session from May 14 through August 20.

#### Major issues in 2014[edit]

Major issues in the 2014 legislative session included financing the $445 million state budget shortfall, teacher pay, Medicaid, and coal ash ponds.[47]

### 2013[edit]

See also: Dates of 2013 state legislative sessions

In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 9 to July 26.

#### Major issues in 2013[edit]

Major issues in the 2013 legislative session included tax reform, cutting government regulations, and reshaping the state's public schools.[48]

### 2012[edit]

See also: Dates of 2012 state legislative sessions

In 2012, the legislature convened on May 16 and adjourned July 3.

### 2011[edit]

See also: Dates of 2011 state legislative sessions

In 2011, the legislature was in regular session from January 26 to June 18.[49] A special session dealing with redistricting began July 13 and ended July 28. The redistricting session covered more than just redistricting, with Republicans overriding five of Governor Perdue's (D) vetoes. Some of the overturned vetoes included the Women's Right to Know Act and state regulatory overhaul. Democratic lawmakers achieved victory in sustaining the veto on the voter I.D. bill.[50]

A second special session was called for September 12 to consider constitutional amendments, including a potential ban on same-sex marriage.[50]

### 2010[edit]

See also: Dates of 2010 state legislative sessions

In 2010, the legislature was in  session from May 12 to July 11.[51]

### About legislative sessions in North Carolina[edit]

The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[52] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.

Section 11 of  Article II of the North Carolina Constitution establishes that the General Assembly of North Carolina, which the Senate is a part of, is to convene a new regular session every two years, and that the dates for these sessions are to be set by law. Sessions in the General Assembly of North Carolina last two years and begin on odd numbered years after elections. Sessions begin at noon on the third Wednesday after the second Monday in January.[53]

## Legislative roles and procedures[edit]

Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.

### Veto overrides[edit]

See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures

State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in North Carolina are listed below.

How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Three-fifths of members in both chambers.

Three-fifths of members present in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 72 of the 120 members in the North Carolina House of Representatives and 30 of the 50 members in the North Carolina State Senate. North Carolina is one of seven states that requires a three-fifths vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto.

How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?

According to Article II, Section 22 of the North Carolina Constitution, vetoes can be overridden in a special veto session that the governor must call if he or she vetoes a bill after the legislature has adjourned. If the governor does not reconvene the legislature, the bill shall become law. If a majority of legislators in both chambers sign a request saying that the session is unnecessary, then the governor does not have to call it.

Authority: Article II, Section 22 of the North Carolina Constitution.

"If the Governor approves, the Governor shall sign it and it shall become a law; but if not, the Governor shall return it with objections, together with a veto message stating the reasons for such objections, to that house in which it shall have originated, which shall enter the objections and veto message at large on its journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration three-fifths of the members of that house present and voting shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections and veto message, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and if approved by three-fifths of the members of that house present and voting, it shall become a law notwithstanding the objections of the Governor."

### Role in state budget[edit]

See also: North Carolina state budget and finances
North Carolina on

Check out Ballotpedia articles about policy in your state on:
Budgets • Civil liberties • Education • Elections • Energy • Environment • Healthcare • Pensions

* * *

The state operates on a biennial budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[54]

1. Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in October.
2. State agency budget requests are submitted in December.
3. The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the North Carolina State Legislature in March.
4. The legislature adopts a budget between June and August. A simple majority is required to pass a budget.
5. The biennial budget cycle begins in July.

North Carolina is one of six states in which the governor cannot exercise line item veto authority.[54][55]

The governor is constitutionally and statutorily required to submit a balanced budget. Likewise, the legislature is constitutionally and statutorily required to pass a balanced budget.[54]

## Committees[edit]

See also: List of committees in North Carolina state government

Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.

* Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
* Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
* Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.

Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The North Carolina State Senate has 18 standing committees:

* Agriculture, Energy, and Environment Committee
* Appropriations on Agriculture, Natural and Economic Resources Committee
* Appropriations on Department of Transportation Committee
* Appropriations on Education/Higher Education Committee
* Appropriations on General Government and Information Technology Committee
* Appropriations/Base Budget Committee
* Commerce and Insurance Committee
* Education/Higher Education Committee
* Health Care Committee
* Pensions and Retirement and Aging Committee
* Redistricting and Elections Committee
* Rules and Operations of the Senate Committee
* Senate Appropriations on Health and Human Services Committee
* Senate Appropriations on Justice and Public Safety Committee
* Senate Finance Committee
* Senate Judiciary Committee
* Senate State and Local Government Committee
* Senate Transportation Committee

## Constitutional amendments[edit]

In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

The methods in which the North Carolina Constitution can be amended:

See also: Article XIII of the North Carolina Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in North Carolina

The North Carolina Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution—a legislative process and a state constitutional convention. North Carolina requires a simple majority vote (50% plus 1) for voters to approve constitutional amendments.

#### Legislature[edit]

See also: Legislatively referred constitutional amendment

A 60% vote is required during one legislative session for the North Carolina General Assembly to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 72 votes in the North Carolina House of Representatives and 30 votes in the North Carolina State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

#### Convention[edit]

See also: Convention-referred constitutional amendment

According to Article XIII of the North Carolina Constitution, a two-thirds (66.67%) vote vote of both chambers of state Legislature is required to place a constitutional convention question on the ballot. A simple majority vote is required for voters to approve the question. Any amendments proposed by a constitutional convention also require voter approval.

2025 measures:

See also: 2025 ballot measures

Certified:

The following measures were certified for the ballot.

No measures to list

2024 measures:

Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature.

See also: North Carolina 2024 ballot measures

Certified:

The following measures were certified for the ballot.
North Carolina Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment| Democrats| Republicans

|
|

Senate:| Required: 30| Yes votes: 40 (80.0%)| No votes: 4 (8.0%)| Yes: 10; No: 4| Yes: 30; No: 0
House:| Required: 72| Yes votes: 99 (82.5%)| No votes: 12 (10.0%)| Yes: 32; No: 12| Yes: 67; No: 0

## See also[edit]

Elections | North Carolina State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics

|
|
|

* North Carolina State Senate elections, 2024
* North Carolina State Senate elections, 2022
* North Carolina State Senate elections, 2020
* North Carolina State Senate elections, 2018

* General Assembly of North Carolina
* North Carolina House of Representatives
* Governor of North Carolina
* North Carolina Supreme Court

* State legislative elections: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018

* State government trifectas
* State government triplexes
* State executives
* State courts
* Ballot measures

## External links[edit]

* General Assembly of North Carolina
* North Carolina State Senate
* North Carolina House of Representatives

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 The Carolina Journal, "New state House, Senate, and congressional maps finalized," October 25, 2023
2. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Bill 758 / SL 2023-146," accessed October 26, 2023
3. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "House Bill 898 / SL 2023-149," accessed October 26, 2023
4. ↑ North Carolina General Assembly, "House Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #614," accessed October 26, 2023
5. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #499," accessed October 26, 2023
6. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #504," accessed October 26, 2023
7. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "House Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #604," accessed October 26, 2023
8. ↑ WUNC, "New district maps show signs of GOP partisan gerrymandering," October 24, 2023
9. ↑ General Assembly of North Carolina, "Structure of the North Carolina General Assembly," accessed July 14, 2014
10. ↑ General Assembly of North Carolina, "North Carolina Senate Leadership 2013-2014," accessed July 14, 2014
11. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
12. ↑ North Carolina Constitution, "Article II, Section 9," accessed February 12, 2021
13. ↑ Confirmed via email with the North Carolina Legislature on July 7, 2011
14. ↑ North Carolina General Assembly, "North Carolina State Constitution," accessed February 10, 2023
15. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
16. ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections & Ethics Enforcement, "Candidate Filing Information," accessed November 9, 2017
17. ↑ Mecklenburg County Government, "Multi Year Election Schedule," accessed November 9, 2017
18. ↑ The primary for U.S. congressional elections was rescheduled to June 7, 2016, following legal challenges to North Carolina's district maps. State races were unaffected.
19. ↑ North Carolina State Board of Elections, "2016 Candidate Filing," archived January 19, 2016
20. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2012 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
21. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
22. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2008 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
23. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2006 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
24. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2004 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
25. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2002 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
26. ↑ Follow the Money, "North Carolina State Senate 2000 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
27. ↑ General Assembly of North Carolina, "North Carolina Constitution," accessed February 12, 2021 (Article II, Section 10)
28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 General Assembly of North Carolina, "North Carolina General Statutes," accessed February 12, 2021 (Statute 163-11(a), NC General Statutes)
29. ↑ General Assembly of North Carolina, "North Carolina General Statutes," accessed February 12, 2021 (Statute 163-11(b-d), NC General Statutes)
30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 All About Redistricting, "North Carolina," accessed April 20, 2015
31. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Bill 758 / SL 2023-146," accessed October 26, 2023
32. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "House Bill 898 / SL 2023-149," accessed October 26, 2023
33. ↑ North Carolina General Assembly, "House Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #614," accessed October 26, 2023
34. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #499," accessed October 26, 2023
35. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "Senate Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #504," accessed October 26, 2023
36. ↑ North Caroliina General Assembly, "House Roll Call Vote Transcript for Roll Call #604," accessed October 26, 2023
37. ↑ WUNC, "New district maps show signs of GOP partisan gerrymandering," October 24, 2023
38. ↑ Courthouse News Service, "North Carolina redistricting cements GOP control of Legislature," October 25, 2023
39. ↑ WUNC, "New district maps show signs of GOP partisan gerrymandering," October 24, 2023
40. ↑ MultiState, "2017 Legislative Session Deadlines," accessed August 8, 2017
41. ↑ wncn.com, "NC special session reviews proposed new Congressional districts," accessed February 18, 2016
42. ↑ newsobserver.com, "NC lawmakers heading for special session Wednesday to discuss LGBT ordinance," accessed March 23, 2016
43. ↑ sfchronicle.com, "North Carolina reins in local governments, transgender rule," accessed March 23, 2016
44. ↑ newsobserver.com, "LGBT protections end as NC governor signs bill," accessed March 24, 2016
45. ↑ NY Times, "Bathroom Law Repeal Leaves Few Pleased in North Carolina," March 30, 2017
46. ↑ www.fayobserver.com, "State lawmakers have no plans to extend Medicaid in North Carolina," January 21, 2015
47. ↑ www.jeffersonpost.com, "State legislature reconvenes for short session," accessed May 16, 2014
48. ↑ WRAL, "Ceremony marks opening of legislative session," January 9, 2013
49. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 Associated Press, "N.C. lawmakers leave town after new maps, overrides," accessed July 14, 2014
51. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2010 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed July 14, 2014(Archived)
52. ↑ Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
53. ↑ General Assembly of North Carolina, "N.C. Gen. Stat. 120-11.1," accessed July 14, 2014
54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
55. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Separation of Powers: Executive Veto Powers," accessed January 26, 2024

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