Governor of Massachusetts

Massachusetts Governor

General information
Office Type: | Partisan
Office website: | Official Link
Compensation: | $185,000
2022 FY Budget: | $5,751,345
Term limits: | None
Structure
Length of term: |  4 years
Authority: | Massachusetts Constitution, Chapter 2, Section I, Article I
Selection Method: | Elected
Current Officeholder

Governor of Massachusetts Charles D. Baker
Republican Party
Assumed office: 2015-01-08

Elections
Next election: | November 8, 2022
Last election: | November 6, 2018
Other Massachusetts Executive Offices
Governor • Lieutenant Governor • Secretary of State • Attorney General • Treasurer • Auditor • Secretary of Education • Agriculture Commissioner • Insurance Commissioner • Secretary of Energy and Environmental Affairs • Secretary of Labor and Workforce Development • Public Utilities Commission

## Contents

* 1 Current officeholder
* 2 Authority
* 3 Qualifications
* 4 Elections
* 4.1 2022
* 4.2 2018
* 4.3 2014
* 4.4 Term limits
* 4.5 Partisan composition
* 5 Vacancies
* 6 Duties
* 7 Divisions
* 8 State budget
* 8.1 Role in state budget
* 8.2 Governor's office budget
* 9 Compensation
* 9.1 2020
* 9.2 2019
* 9.3 2018
* 9.4 2017
* 9.5 2016
* 9.6 2015
* 9.7 2014
* 9.8 2013
* 9.9 2010
* 10 Historical officeholders
* 11 History
* 11.1 Partisan balance 1992-2013
* 11.1.1 SQLI and partisanship
* 12 Recent news
* 13 Contact information
* 14 See also
* 15 External links
* 16 Footnotes

The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is an elected constitutional officer, the head of the executive branch and the highest state office in Massachusetts. The governor is popularly elected every four years by a plurality and is not subject to term limits.[1]

Like most other state officers, senators, and representatives, the governor was originally elected annually. In 1918 this was changed to a two-year term, and since 1966 the office of governor has carried a four-year term.

Massachusetts has a divided government where neither party holds a trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor, while the Democratic Party controls both chambers of the state legislature.

Massachusetts has a divided government where neither party holds a triplex. The Republican Party controls the office of governor, while the Democratic Party controls the offices of attorney general and secretary of state.

See also: Massachusetts State Legislature, Massachusetts House of Representatives, Massachusetts State Senate

## Current officeholder[edit]

The current officeholder is Charles D. Baker (R).[2] He was first elected on November 4, 2014, and succeeded Deval Patrick (D) on January 8, 2015.[3]

## Authority[edit]

The state Constitution addresses the office of the governor in Chapter 2, the Executive Department.

Under Chapter 2, Section I, Article I:

There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be -- His Excellency.[1]

## Qualifications[edit]

State Executives

Current Governors
Gubernatorial Elections
2022 • 2021 • 2020
2019 • 2018 • 2017
2016 • 2015 • 2014
Current Lt. Governors
Lt. Governor Elections
2022 • 2021 • 2020
2019 • 2018 • 2017
2016 • 2015 • 2014

A candidate for the governorship must be a registered elector in the state and have been a resident for at least seven years before taking office.[1]

## Elections[edit]

Massachusetts state government organizational chart

Massachusetts elects governors in the midterm elections, that is, even years that are not presidential election years. For Massachusetts, 2018, 2022, 2026, 2030, and 2034 are all gubernatorial election years. Legally, the first day of the political year is always the first Wednesday in the January following an election and the gubernatorial inauguration occurs at noon the first Thursday in January.

Under Article VII of the Amendments to the Constitution, once the Governor has taken the oath of office, no further oath or affirmation shall be required before he executes any his duties.[1]

### 2022[edit]

See also: Massachusetts gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2022

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated. Before the candidate filing deadline passes, Ballotpedia will separate these candidates into their respective primaries as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 8, 2022.

##### General election for Governor of Massachusetts

The following candidates are running in the general election for Governor of Massachusetts on November 8, 2022.

Candidate

|

| Danielle Allen (D)

| Sonia Chang-Diaz (D)

| Scott Donohue (D)

| Benjamin Downing (D)

| Orlando Silva (D)

| Geoff Diehl (R)

* * *

There are no incumbents in this race.

|

= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

### 2018[edit]

See also: Massachusetts gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2018

General election

##### General election for Governor of Massachusetts

Incumbent Charles D. Baker defeated Jay Gonzalez in the general election for Governor of Massachusetts on November 6, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Charles D. Baker (R)  |

64.7

| 1,781,341

| Jay Gonzalez (D)  |

32.2

| 885,770
|  | Other/Write-in votes |

3.1

| 85,554

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 2,752,665
(100.00% precincts reporting)

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Democratic primary election

#####  Democratic primary for Governor of Massachusetts

Jay Gonzalez defeated Robert Massie in the Democratic primary for Governor of Massachusetts on September 4, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Jay Gonzalez |

64.4

| 348,434

| Robert Massie |

35.6

| 192,404

* * *

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 540,838

|
|

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Republican primary election

#####  Republican primary for Governor of Massachusetts

Incumbent Charles D. Baker defeated Scott Lively in the Republican primary for Governor of Massachusetts on September 4, 2018.

Candidate

Votes

|
|
|

✔ |

| Charles D. Baker |

63.9

| 174,126

| Scott Lively |

36.1

| 98,421

* * *

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

| Total votes: 272,547

|
|

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

### 2014[edit]

See also: Massachusetts gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2014
Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts, 2014

Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes
| Republican  | Charles D. Baker/Karyn Polito | 48.4% | 1,044,573
| Democratic  |  Martha Coakley/Steve Kerrigan | 46.5% | 1,004,408
| United Independent  |  Evan Falchuk/Angus Jennings | 3.3% | 71,814
| Independent  |  Scott Lively/Shelly Saunders | 0.9% | 19,378
| Independent  |  Jeffrey McCormick/Tracy Post | 0.8% | 16,295
| Nonpartisan  |  Write-in votes  | 0.1% | 1,858
Total Votes | 2,158,326
Election results via Massachusetts Secretary of State

### Term limits[edit]

See also: States with gubernatorial term limits

Massachusetts governors do not face any term limits.

### Partisan composition[edit]

The chart below shows the partisan breakdown of Massachusetts governors from 1992 to 2013.

## Vacancies[edit]

See also: How gubernatorial vacancies are filled

Details of vacancy appointments are addressed under Article LV of the Amendments to the Massachusetts Constitution. When it was passed, Article LV annulled and replaced Article VI of Section III of Chapter II.

The established line of succession for any gubernatorial vacancy is currently:

* the Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts

* the Massachusetts Secretary of State

* the Attorney General of Massachusetts

* the Massachusetts Treasurer (alternate title for Receiver-General)

* the Massachusetts Auditor

When the lieutenant governor takes over, his or her official title is 'Lieutenant Governor, Acting Governor'. Regardless of the officer who takes over as acting governor, that individual shall have all the powers and rights of the elected governor, if not the title.

If a governor-elect dies without taking office, the individual elected on the same ballot as the lieutenant governor shall take office and serve as the governor.

Any time a sitting Governor communicates in writing to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of House of Representatives that he or she is unable to discharge the office, that action shall be taken to consider the office of the governor vacant. At any time, the Chief Justice and a majority of the Associate Justices of the Massachusetts Supreme Court may deliver an opinion to the Senate and House that they have found the governor unfit to discharge the office; in such an instance, the governorship shall also be considered to be vacant.

Whether a governor declared himself or herself temporarily unfit or the courts found him or her unfit, the governor may deliver, to the legislature, a written statement that he or she is fit to return to office. Unless the Supreme Court contests that declaration, the governor shall return to office within four days. If the Supreme Court does challenge the governor's return to office, Article XCI of the Amendments to the Constitution lays out a process for hearing and a final decision.

Regardless of who initiated the decision about the governor's disability, if that disability continues for six months and if more than five months remain until the next biennial election, a special election shall be held for the remainder of the governor's term.

## Duties[edit]

As one of America's oldest constitutions, many of the original duties assigned to the governor have been annulled or superseded by over two centuries of amendments. Under the organization of the Massachusetts Constitution, all amendments are listed separately in Articles of Amendment, Massachusetts Constitution, which itself runs to 120 discrete items.

Massachusetts' governor is the commander-in-chief of the state's militia, which he or she may assemble for training and parade as well as for actual military functions. Within legal parameters, the governor may also give periodic advice on the organization and regulation of the militia.

Regarding vetoes, if the governor communicates an objection to a bill and the legislature adjourns before he or she is able to deliver his objections, that bill shall not take effect or have any force of law. The governor may not veto a law passed by the voters, through the General Court may amend or repeal such a law.

Other duties and privileges of the office include:

* Making appointments, including notaries public and judicial officers. Additionally, if the legislature is in recess when an office they appoint becomes vacant, the governor may make a vacancy appointment. With consent of the legislature, the governor may also remove previously appointed notaries and judicial officers. Also, the governor may retire appointees for reasons of mental or physical health

* Decennially, working with legislators, reapportioning the number of Senators and Representatives each district shall have

* Granting all military commissions made by the state of Massachusetts

* Making recommendations concerning the general appropriations bills, supplementary budgets, and details and terms of loans taken on by the state to the legislature. The governor also has a line-item veto on the appropriations bill.

* Convening special sessions of the legislature

* Granting pardons, except in cases of impeachment where the individual has been tried in the House and convicted in the Senate

* Requiring legal opinions on important judicial matters from members of the Massachusetts Supreme Court

* Preparing and presenting, to the legislature, plans to reorganize the executive branch, including establishing and abolishing departments and offices

* Presenting a budget to the legislature each year, and compelling any board, commission, or office to provide information deemed necessary in preparing a budget

## Divisions[edit]

Note: Ballotpedia's state executive officials project researches state official websites for information that describes the divisions (if any exist) of a state executive office. That information for the Governor of Massachusetts has not yet been added. After extensive research we were unable to identify any relevant information on state official websites. If you have any additional information about this office for inclusion on this section and/or page, please email us.

## State budget[edit]

### Role in state budget[edit]

See also: Massachusetts state budget and finances

The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[4]

1. Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in mid-November of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year.
2. Agency hearings are held in February.
3. The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature on the fourth Wednesday in January.
4. The legislature typically adopts a budget in June. A simple majority is required to pass a budget. The fiscal year begins July 1.

Massachusetts is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[4]

The governor is legally required to submit a balanced budget proposal. Likewise, the legislature is legally required to pass a balanced budget.[4]

### Governor's office budget[edit]

The budget for the offices of governor, lieutenant governor and the governor's council for the 2022 fiscal year was $5,751,345.[5]

## Compensation[edit]

See also: Comparison of gubernatorial salaries and Compensation of state executive officers

The Massachusetts Constitution states that the governor should have a fixed and permanent salary, decided upon by the State Legislature, which would be revisited if the salary was deemed insufficient.[1] However in 1998, the Massachusetts State Legislators Compensation Amendment was passed, prohibiting state legislators from altering the base pay of the governor, and other state public officials. Since January 2001, compensation for public officials instead is adjusted (increased or decreased) every two years corresponding with changes in median household income for Massachusetts’s residents.[6]

In 2014, a seven-member Special Advisory Commission was created by Section 239 of the Articles of Amendment to the Constitution to review and compare the compensation of Massachusetts’s public officials to other states.[7] [8]

### 2020[edit]

In 2020, the governor received a salary was $185,000, according to the Council of State Governments.[9]

### 2019[edit]

In 2019, the governor received a salary was $185,000, according to the Council of State Governments.[10]

### 2018[edit]

In 2018, the governor received a salary was $151,800, according to the Council of State Governments.[11]

### 2017[edit]

In 2017, the governor received a salary was $151,800, according to the Council of State Governments.[12]

### 2016[edit]

In 2016, the governor received a salary was $151,800, according to the Council of State Governments.[13]

### 2015[edit]

In 2015, the governor received a salary was $151,800, according to the Council of State Governments.[14]

### 2014[edit]

In 2014, the governor earned a salary of $151,800, according to the Council of State Governments.[15]

### 2013[edit]

In 2013, the governor's salary was $139,832.[16]

### 2010[edit]

In 2010, the governor was paid $140,535 a year, the 16th highest gubernatorial salary in America at the time.[17]

## Historical officeholders[edit]

There have been 68 Governors of Massachusetts since 1789. Of the 68 officeholders, 33 were Republican, 16 were Democrat, six were Democratic-Republican, five were Federalists, five were Whig, two were Republican/Whig, one was American/Know-Nothing, one was Democrat/National, and one was Adams Republican.[18]

List of officeholders from 1789-present

#  |  Name  |  Tenure  |  Party
7 |  John Hancock | 1789 - 1793 |  Federalist
8 |  Samuel Adams | 1793 - 1797 |  Democratic-Republican
9 |  Increase Sumner | 1797 - 1799 |  Federalist
10 |  Caleb Strong | 1800 - 1807 |  Federalist
11 |  James Sullivan | 1807 - 1808 |  Democratic-Republican
12 |  Levi Lincoln | 1808 - 1809 |  Democratic-Republican
13 |  Christopher Gore | 1809 - 1810 |  Federalist
14 |  Elbridge Gerry | 1810 - 1812 |  Democratic-Republican
10 |  Caleb Strong | 1812 - 1816 |  Federalist
15 |  John Brooks | 1816 - 1823 |  Federalist
16 |  William Eustis | 1823 - 1825 |  Democratic-Republican
17 |  Marcus Morton | 1825 - 1825 |  Democratic-Republican
18 |  Levi Lincoln | 1825 - 1833 |  Adams Republican
19 |  John Davis | 1834 - 1835 |  Republican, Whig
20 |  Samuel Turell Armstrong | 1835 - 1836 |  Whig
21 |  Edward Everett | 1836 - 1840 |  Whig
17 |  Marcus Morton  | 1840 - 1841 |  Democratic-Republican
19 |  John Davis  | 1841 - 1843 |  Republican, Whig
17 |  Marcus Morton  | 1843 - 1844 |  Democratic-Republican
22 |  George Nixon Briggs | 1844 - 1851 |  Whig
23 |  George Sewall Boutwell | 1851 - 1853 |  Democratic
24 |  John Henry Clifford | 1853 - 1854 |  Whig
25 |  Emory Washburn | 1854 - 1855 |  Whig
26 |  Henry Joseph Gardner | 1855 - 1858 |  American /Know-Nothing
27 |  Nathaniel Prentice Banks | 1858 - 1861 |  Republican
28 |  John Albion Andrew | 1861 - 1866 |  Republican
29 |  Alexander Hamilton Bullock | 1866 - 1869 |  Republican
30 |  William Claflin | 1869 - 1872 |  Republican
31 |  William Barrett Washburn | 1872 - 1874 |  Republican
32 |  Thomas Talbot | 1874 - 1875 |  Republican
33 |  William Gaston | 1875 - 1876 |  Democratic
34 |  Alexander Hamilton Rice | 1876 - 1879 |  Republican
32 |  Thomas Talbot  | 1879 - 1880 |  Republican
35 |  John Davis Long | 1880 - 1883 |  Republican
36 |  Benjamin Franklin Butler | 1883 - 1884 |  Democratic, National
37 |  George Dexter Robinson | 1884 - 1887 |  Republican
38 |  Oliver Ames | 1887 - 1890 |  Republican
39 |  John Quincy Adams Brackett | 1890 - 1891 |  Republican
40 |  William Eustis Russell | 1891 - 1894 |  Democratic
41 |  Frederic Thomas Greenhalge | 1894 - 1896 |  Republican
42 |  Roger Wolcott | 1896 - 1900 |  Republican
43 |  Winthrop Murray Crane | 1900 - 1903 |  Republican
44 |  John Lewis Bates | 1903 - 1905 |  Republican
45 |  William Lewis Douglas | 1905 - 1906 |  Democratic
46 |  Curtis Guild | 1906 - 1909 |  Republican
47 |  Ebenezer Sumner Draper | 1909 - 1911 |  Republican
48 |  Eugene Noble Foss | 1911 - 1914 |  Democratic
49 |  David Ignatius Walsh | 1914 - 1916 |  Democratic
50 |  Samuel Walker McCall | 1916 - 1919 |  Republican
51 |  John Calvin Coolidge | 1919 - 1921 |  Republican
52 |  Channing Harris Cox | 1921 - 1925 |  Republican
53 |  Alvan Tufts Fuller | 1925 - 1929 |  Republican
54 |  Frank G. Allen | 1929 - 1931 |  Republican
55 |  Joseph Buell Ely | 1931 - 1935 |  Democratic
56 |  James Michael Curley | 1935 - 1937 |  Democratic
57 |  Charles Francis Hurley | 1937 - 1939 |  Democratic
58 |  Leverett Saltonstall | 1939 - 1945 |  Republican
59 |  Maurice Tobin | 1945 - 1947 |  Democratic
58 |  Robert Fiske Bradford | 1947 - 1949 |  Republican
59 |  Paul Andrew Dever | 1949 - 1953 |  Democratic
60 |  Christian Archibald Herter | 1953 - 1957 |  Republican
61 |  Foster John Furcolo | 1957 - 1961 |  Democratic
62 |  John Anthony Volpe | 1961 - 1963 |  Republican
63 |  Endicott Peabody | 1963 - 1965 |  Democratic
62 |  John Anthony Volpe  | 1965 - 1969 |  Republican
64 |  Francis Williams Sargent | 1969 - 1975 |  Republican
65 |  Michael Stanley Dukakis | 1975 - 1979 |  Democratic
66 |  Edward Joseph King | 1979 - 1983 |  Democratic
65 |  Michael Stanley Dukakis | 1983 - 1991 |  Democratic
67 |  William Weld | 1991 - 1997 |  Republican
68 |  Argeo Paul Cellucci | 1997 - 2001 |  Republican
69 |  Jane Maria Swift | 2001 - 2003 |  Republican
70 |  Mitt Romney | 2003 - 2007 |  Republican
71 |  Deval Patrick | 2007-2015 |  Democratic
72 |  Charles D. Baker |  2015-present  |  Republican

## History[edit]

### Partisan balance 1992-2013[edit]

See also: Ballotpedia:Who Runs the States and Ballotpedia:Who Runs the States, Massachusetts

Partisan breakdown of the Massachusetts governorship from 1992-2013

From 1992-2013, in Massachusetts there were Democratic governors in office for the last seven years while there were Republican governors in office for the first 15 years. During the last seven years of the study Massachusetts was under Democratic trifectas.

Across the country, there were 493 years of Democratic governors (44.82%) and 586 years of Republican governors (53.27%) from 1992 to 2013.

Over the course of the 22-year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period (1992), 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments. In 2013, only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied.

The chart below shows the partisan composition of the Office of the Governor of Massachusetts, the Massachusetts State Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1992 to 2013.

#### SQLI and partisanship[edit]

The chart below depicts the partisanship of the Massachusetts state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from 1-50, with 1 being the best and 50 the worst. Massachusetts had a period of divided government between 1992 and 2006 before electing a Democratic trifecta in 2007. Between the years 1992 and 2004, Massachusetts remained in the top-10 in the SQLI ranking, hitting its highest spot (3rd) in 2000 under divided government. The state had its lowest ranking (24th) in 2006, also under divided government. During the years 2005 and 2006, Massachusetts fell eleven spots in the SQLI ranking under divided government, which was its largest drop in the ranking during the period of the study. The state has never had a Republican trifecta.

* SQLI average with Democratic trifecta: 14.17
* SQLI average with Republican trifecta: N/A
* SQLI average with divided government: 7.20

Chart displaying the partisanship of Massachusetts government from 1992-2013 and the State Quality of Life Index (SQLI).

## Recent news[edit]

The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms Governor Massachusetts. These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles.

Governor of Massachusetts - Google News

## Contact information[edit]

Governor Charlie Baker's Office of Constituent Services
Massachusetts State House
24 Beacon St., Office of the Governor, Room 280
Boston, MA 02133
Phone: (617) 725-4005

Western Massachusetts Office
State Office Building
436 Dwight St., Suite 300
Springfield, MA 01103
Phone: (413) 784-1200

Washington, DC Office
Office of the Governor
444 N. Capitol St., Suite 208
Washington, DC 20001
Phone: (202) 624-3616

Phone (toll-free in Massachusetts): (888) 870-7770
Phone (TTY): (617) 727-3666

## See also[edit]

* Massachusetts state executive offices
* Massachusetts state executive officials

## External links[edit]

|  Suggest a link

|

* Office of the Massachusetts Governor

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Massachusetts Legislature, "Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts," accessed January 18, 2021
2. ↑ Mass.gov, "Charlie Baker," accessed January 18, 2021
3. ↑ WCVB, "Gov. Charlie Baker takes oath of office," January 8, 2015
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2015," accessed February 5, 2021
5. ↑ Budget Summary, "Governor's Office," accessed September 14, 2021
6. ↑ Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth "Setting Compensation of State Legislatures," accessed January 18, 2021
7. ↑ Outside Section 239, "Special Advisory Commission: Compensation of MA Public Officials," accessed January 18, 2021
8. ↑ University of Massachusetts Boston, "Special advisory commission on elected officials compensation," accessed January 18, 2021
9. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2020," accessed January 18, 2021
10. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2019," accessed January 18, 2021
11. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2018," accessed January 18, 2021
12. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2017," accessed January 18, 2021
13. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2016," accessed January 18, 2021
14. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2015," accessed January 18, 2021
15. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," accessed January 18, 2021
16. ↑ Council of State Governments, "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries," January 18, 2021
17. ↑ Council of State Governments, "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," accessed January 18, 2021
18. ↑ National Governors Association, "Former Massachusetts Governors," accessed January 18, 2021

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