Nippon Kaigi

Short description: Japanese far-right organisation

Japan Conference

日本会議

Chairman| Tomohiko Taniguchi
General Secretary| Yuzo Kabashima
Founder| Koichi Tsukamoto
Founded| 30 May 1997; 28 years ago (1997-05-30)
Merger of| Nihon wo mamoru Kokumin Kaigi and Nihon wo mamoru Kai
Headquarters| Vort Aobadai II, Aobadai, Meguro, Tokyo
Membership| c. 38,000 – 40,000 (2020 est.)[1]
Ideology|

* Ultraconservatism (Japanese)[5]
* Religious nationalism[6]
* Ultranationalism[11]
* Historical negationism[14]
* Militarism[15]
* Reactionism[16]

Religion| Shinto
Affiliations| Nippon Kaigi National Lawmakers Friendship Association
Colours|  Black
Carmine
Website
{{{1}}}

Template:Liberal Democratic Party of Japan sidebar Nippon Kaigi (日本会議; lit. Japan Conference)[17] is Japan's largest ultraconservative[18] and ultranationalist far-right[19] non-governmental organisation and lobbying group.[20] It was established in 1997 and has approximately 38,000 to 40,000 members as of 2020.[25]

The organisation describes its aims as to "change the postwar national consciousness based on the Tokyo Tribunal's view of history as a fundamental problem" and to revise Japan's current Constitution,[26] especially Article 9 which forbids the maintenance of a standing army.[27] The group also aims to promote "patriotic education" and a nationalist interpretation of State Shinto, negationist views in regards to World War II, and supports official visits to the Yasukuni Shrine by Japanese ministers.[28][29][30][31] It also denies that comfort women, recruited by Japan during World War II, were forced to work.

The group has significant influence in Japanese politics. Many current and former ministers and prime ministers have been members, including Sanae Takaichi,[32] Shigeru Ishiba,[33] Tarō Asō, Shinzō Abe and Yoshihide Suga.[34][35] In the words of Hideaki Kase, an influential member of Nippon Kaigi, "We are dedicated to our conservative cause. We are monarchists. We are for revising the constitution. We are for the glory of the nation."[36]

## Contents

* 1 Objectives
* 2 History
* 3 Organisation and membership
* 4 Presidency
* 5 Criticism
* 6 See also
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Objectives

Nippon Kaigi has described six official goals of the organisation as:[37]

1. "A beautiful traditional sovereignty for Japan's future" (美しい伝統の国柄を明日の日本へ): Fostering a sense of Japanese unity and social stability, based around the Imperial Household and shared history, culture, and traditions of the Japanese people, including by designating Japanese as the official language of the nation.
2. "A new constitution appropriate for the new era" (新しい時代にふさわしい新憲法を): Restoring national defense rights, rectifying the imbalance of rights and obligations, strengthening the emphasis on the family system, and loosening the separation of religion and state.
3. "Politics that protect the state's reputation and the people's lives" (国の名誉と国民の命を守る政治を): Addressing the loss of public interest in politics and government by taking a more aggressive stance in historical debates and crisis management.
4. "Creating education that fosters a sense of Japanese identity" (日本の感性をはぐくむ教育の創造を): Addressing various problems arising in the Japanese educational system (bullying, prostitution, etc.) and instituting respect for the national flag and anthem of Japan, and for national history, culture, and traditions.
5. "Contributing to world peace by strengthening national security" (国の安全を高め世界への平和貢献を): Strengthening Japanese defense power in order to counterbalance China, North Korea, Russia, and other hostile powers, and remembering Japan's war dead.
6. "Friendship with the world tied together by a spirit of co-existence and mutual prosperity" (共生共栄の心でむすぶ世界との友好を): Building friendly relations with foreign countries through social and cultural exchange programs.

Nippon Kaigi believes that "Japan should be applauded for liberating much of East Asia from Western colonial powers; that the 1946–1948 Tokyo War Crimes tribunals were illegitimate; and that killings by Imperial Japanese troops during the 1937 Nanjing Massacre were exaggerated or fabricated".[lower-alpha 1][21][38][39] The group vigorously defends Japan's claim in its territorial dispute over the Senkaku Islands with China, and denies that Japan forced the comfort women into sexual slavery during World War II.[21] Nippon Kaigi is opposed to feminism, LGBT rights, and the 1999 Gender Equality Law.[27] It has specifically worked to oppose the legalization of same-sex marriage in Japan.[40] It also wants to restore the divine status of Japan's emperor, make women's place in society be in the home and place public order above civil liberties.[41]

## History

Template:Conservatism in Japan Template:Shinto

Nippon Kaigi was founded in 1997 through the merger of two groups whose agendas included constitutional revision:

* Nihon wo mamoru Kokumin Kaigi (National Conference to Defend [or Protect] Japan, founded in 1981) included many veterans of Japan's Imperial Army and Navy, and published its own Constitutional reform draft in 1994. Its predecessor was Gengo Houseika Jitsugen Kokumin Kaigi (National Conference to Implement Regnal Year Legislation, founded in 1978).
* Nihon wo mamoru Kai (Society for the Protection of Japan, founded in 1974), that comprised several Shinto and religious cults.[26][42][43]

Toshiro Mayuzumi, leader of the Nihon wo mamoru Kokumin Kaigi, was a pivotal figure in the merger, and was slated to become the first president of Nippon Kaigi, but he died of illness on 10 April 1997, shortly before the new organisation's first meeting in May 1997.[44] The position of founding president fell to Koichi Tsukamoto, the founder of Japanese clothier Wacoal.[22] Yuzo Kabashima, the secretary general of Nippon Kaigi, established a sister organisation Nihon Seinen Kyogikai in 1977, which is headquartered in the same building as Nippon Kaigi and acts as the organisation's secretariat.[45] The Nippon Kaigi Parliamentarian Association was also established in 1997.[46]: 56

The organisation saw remarkably swift success in establishing strong connections among the establishment and in passing legislation that was congruent with the group's aims. In 1999, the Diet at last formally recognised Kimigayo as Japan's national anthem and the Hi no Maru as Japan's national flag. After the legislation passed, ensuing years saw the Ministry of Education and prefectural educational committees such as those of Tokyo governor Shintaro Ishihara issue guidelines forcing school teachers to adhere to specific procedures concerning these national symbols in the educational context.[47]

## Organisation and membership

Nippon Kaigi claims 40,000 individual members, 47 prefectural chapters, and about 230 local chapters.[48] The organisation's website lists the members depending on their seniority in the organisation headed by a President seconded by Vice Presidents and a pool of "advisors", including Shinto priests leading key shrines, some of them belonging to the Imperial family.

Following the 2014 reshuffle, 15 of the 19 Third Abe Cabinet members, including the Prime Minister himself (as 'special adviser'), were members of Nippon Kaigi.[34] Among the members, former members, and affiliated have been countless lawmakers, many ministers and a few prime ministers including Sanae Takaichi, Tarō Asō, Shinzō Abe, and Yoshihide Suga. Abe's brother Nobuo Kishi is also a member of the Nippon Kaigi group in the Diet.[34] Its ex-chairman, Toru Miyoshi, was the former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Japan.[21]

After campaigning actively for Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) candidates in July 2016, Nippon Kaigi campaigned for constitutional revision in September 2016.[49]

## Presidency

List of presidents

Year  | Name  | Period  | Time in office
1997  | Koichi Tsukamoto  | 1997–1998  | 1 year
1998  | Kosaku Inaba  | 1998–2001  | 3 years
2001  | Toru Miyoshi  | 2001–2015  | 14 years
(honorary president)
2015  | Tadae Takubo (ja)  | 2015–2024  | 9 years
2025  | Tomohiko Taniguchi (ja)  | 2025–present

## Criticism

Template:Japanese nationalism sidebar Journalist Norimitsu Onishi says that the organisation promotes a revival of the values of the Empire of Japan.[50] Tamotsu Sugano, the author of the bestselling exposé on the group, Research on Nippon Kaigi (日本会議の研究), describes it as a movement democratic in method but intent on examining gender equality, restoring patriarchal/family values and returning Japan to a pre-war constitution that is neither democratic nor modern.[51] On 6 January 2017, sale of the book was banned by a district court for defamation,[52][53] pending removal of the offending portion; a revised digital edition continued to be sold.[54] Sales resumed that March when the court allowed a revised edition with 36 characters deleted to appear.[55]

Muneo Narusawa, the editor of Friday Weekly (週刊金曜日, Shūkan Kin'yōbi), says that, in parallel with historical negationism, the organisation often highlights historical facts that portray Japan as a victim, such as with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Soviet declaration of war and invasion of Manchuria, and the North Korean abductions of Japanese citizens. Former education minister Hakubun Shimomura, the secretary general of the Discussion Group of Nippon Kaigi Diet Members (日本会議国会議員懇談会, Nippon Kaigi Kokkai Giin Kondankai), argues for patriotic education and opposes a "masochistic view of history".[56][57]

The Hankyoreh, a liberal newspaper in South Korea, denounced right-wing nationalism led by Shinzo Abe and Nippon Kaigi as "anti-Korean nationalism" in its English column.[58] Gabriel Rodriguez, in Jacobin, an American left-wing magazine, wrote the LDP and Nippon Kaigi carry the legacy of Japanese fascism.[59]

## See also

* Historical negationism
* Historical revisionism
* Japanese militarism
* Japanese nationalism
* Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
* Liberal Democratic Party of Japan
* Seiwa Seisaku Kenkyūkai
* Shinzo Abe
* Sanae Takaichi
* Nippon Ishin no Kai
* Propaganda Due
* Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
* Seicho-no-Ie – Fundamental movement sect
* Ultranationalism (Japan)
* Uyoku dantai

## Notes

1. ↑ For further information, see the articles Nanjing Massacre denial, Japanese history textbook controversies, and China–Japan relations.

## References

* Shibuichi Daiki; "Japan Conference (Nippon Kaigi): an Elusive Conglomerate"; East Asia, Vol. 34 (2017), Nr. 3, S. 1–18
* Tawara Yoshifumi; "What is the Aim of Nippon Kaigi, the Ultra-Right organisation that Supports Japan's Abe Administration?"; Japan Focus, Volume 15 (2017), Issue 21, Number 1 (Volltext)
* Tawara Yoshifumi; 日本会議の全貌: 知られざる巨大組織の実態 [Outlook of Nippon Kaigi: Actual Situation of Unknown Big organisation]; T. 2016 (Kadensha); ISBN 9784763407818
* Yamaguchi Tomomi; in: Shūkan Kin'yōbi, Narusawa Mueno ed., 日本会議と神社本庁[Nippon Kaigi and Association of Shinto Shrines]Tokyo 2016 (Kin'yōbi); ISBN 9784865720105

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wingfield-Hayes, Rupert (15 August 2020). "VJ Day: A WW2 hero and a reckoning with Japan's past". BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-53763059.
2. ↑ "In rare move, court suspends publication of best-seller on Abe-linked conservative lobby group". The Japan Times (Kyodo). 7 January 2017. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/01/07/national/rare-move-best-seller-abe-linked-nippon-kaigi-suspended-court/. "A Tokyo court has ordered a publisher to suspend publication of a best-selling nonfiction book detailing links between the conservative Japan Conference (Nippon Kaigi) lobby and a religious group, saying it contains defamatory information."
3. ↑ Newsham, Grant (19 July 2016). "Japan's conservative Nippon Kaigi lobby: Worth worrying about?". Asia Times (Tokyo). https://asiatimes.com/2016/07/japans-conservative-nippon-kaigi-lobby-worth-worrying-about/. "TOKYO–The recent spate of western media articles on Nippon Kaigi – a conservative Japanese lobbying group (and somewhat akin to a “Political Action Committee” in America) associated with Prime Minister Abe — suggests Japan is heading for a police state, and soon afterwards will be looking overseas for somewhere to invade."
4. ↑ White, Stanley; Kajimoto, Tetsushi (12 March 2018). "Japan PM, finance minister under fire over suspected cover-up of cronyism". Reuters (Tokyo). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-politics/references-to-japan-pm-wife-and-finance-minister-removed-from-documents-related-to-suspected-scandal-idUSKCN1GO01K. "Also removed was a reference to ties by Abe and Aso to a conservative lobby group, Nippon Kaigi."
5. ↑ [2][3][4]
6. ↑ Fitzpatrick, Michael; Segawa, Makiko. "Shinzo Abe's killing brings to light Japan's unseen world of shadowy cults, healers and religious lobbyists". i news. https://inews.co.uk/news/world/shinzo-abe-killing-reveals-japans-unseen-world-shadowy-cults-1740220.
7. ↑ Mark, Craig (6 September 2021). "Who will replace Yoshihide Suga as Japan's prime minister? Here's a rundown of the candidates". The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/who-will-replace-yoshihide-suga-as-japans-prime-minister-heres-a-rundown-of-the-candidates-167355. "She is a member of the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi organisation, which aims to restore the emperor to divine status, keep women at home, prioritise public order over civil liberties and rebuild Japan's armed forces."
8. ↑ Steinbock, Dan (15 January 2019). "Japan's "Comfort Women": Asian Protests and Imperial Japan's Sexual Slavery". Foreign Policy Journal. https://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2019/01/15/japans-comfort-women-asian-protests-and-imperial-japans-sexual-slavery/. "He belongs to the ultranationalist Nippon Kaigi, which seeks to re-militarize Japan and to revive Imperial Japan and which, among other things, vehemently denies Japan's “comfort women” history during World War II."
9. ↑ "The Conversation: Assassination of Shinzo Abe leaves Japan reeling". New Zealand Herald. 10 July 2022. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/the-conversation-assassination-of-shinzo-abe-leaves-japan-reeling/FZUKPUL7J5V7OAPIJJC4T4LGLY/.
10. ↑ Arudou, Debito (31 July 2016). "For Abe, it will always be about the Constitution". The Japan Times. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2016/07/31/issues/abe-will-always-constitution/.
11. ↑ [7][8][9][10]
12. ↑ Yamaguchi, Tomomi (2018). "Revisionism, Ultranationalism, Sexism: Relations Between the Far Right and the Establishment Over the 'Comfort Women' Issue". Social Science Japan Journal 21 (2): 193–212. doi:10.1093/ssjj/jyy014. https://academic.oup.com/ssjj/article-abstract/21/2/193/5054706. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
13. ↑ Larsson, Ernils (3 December 2014). "Abe's cabinet reshuffle reflects growing influence of the religious right". East Asia Forum. https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2014/12/03/abes-cabinet-reshuffle-reflects-growing-influence-of-the-religious-right/.
14. ↑ [12][13]
15. ↑ Myles Carroll, ed (2021). The Making of Modern Japan: Power, Crisis, and the Promise of Transformation. Brill Publishers. p. 205. ISBN 9789004466531. https://books.google.com/books?id=bNFKEAAAQBAJ&dq=Nippon+Kaigi+Militarism&pg=PA205. "... high degree of grassroots support from a number of nationalist and militaristic social groups such as the War Bereaved Association and Nippon Kaigi, ..."
16. ↑ Sohn, Yul; Pempel, T. J., eds (2018). Japan and Asia's Contested Order: The Interplay of Security, Economics and Identity. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 148. ISBN 9789811302565. https://books.google.com/books?id=4F5qDwAAQBAJ&q=Reactionary+Nippon+Kaigi&pg=PA148. "the reactionary group Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference)—has been waging war over its shared past with China and South Korea on battlegrounds ranging from Yasukuni Shrine to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural organisation (UNESCO)."
17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "Right side up". The Economist. 4 June 2015. https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21653676-powerful-if-little-reported-group-claims-it-can-restore-pre-war-order-right-side-up.
18. ↑

* "Japan emperor greets at celebration hosted by conservatives". 9 November 2019. https://apnews.com/article/b9e0627cfdef445d9da335238c3ad1b1. "Abe's key ultra-conservative supporter, Nippon Kaigi, or Japan Conference, was among the organizers Saturday."
* "Ultra-nationalist school linked to Japanese PM accused of hate speech". 8 July 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/15/ultra-nationalist-school-moritomo-gakuen-linked-to-japanese-pm-shinzo-abe-accused-of-hate-speech. "Abe and Kagoike, who has indicated he will resign as principal, both belong to an ultra-conservative lobby group whose members include more than a dozen cabinet ministers."
* "Tokyo's new governor defies more than glass ceiling". 8 July 2020. https://www.dw.com/en/tokyos-new-governor-defies-more-than-glass-ceiling/a-19443490. "In 2008, she made an unsuccessful run at the LDP's chairmanship. Following her defeat, she worked to build an internal party network and became involved in a revisionist group of lawmakers that serves as the mouthpiece of the ultraconservative Nippon Kaigi ("Japan Conference") movement."

19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Yoshio Sugimoto, ed (2020). An Introduction to Japanese Society. Cambridge University Press. p. 242. ISBN 9781108724746. https://books.google.com/books?id=cssDEAAAQBAJ&q=Japanese+nationalist+Nippon+Kaigi&pg=PA242. "Parts of the Japanese establishment have ties with a large far-right voluntary organisation, Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference), whose ranks include grassroots members across the nation as well as national and local politicians..."
20. ↑ Nippon Kaigi: Empire, Contradiction and Japan's Future . Asia-Pacific Journal. Author – Sachie Mizohata. Published 1 November 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 Norihiro Kato (12 September 2014). "Tea Party Politics in Japan". New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/13/opinion/tea-party-politics-in-japan.html.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "国民運動の歩み « 日本会議". https://www.nipponkaigi.org/activity/ayumi.
23. ↑ Matthew Penney, Abe Cabinet – An Ideological Breakdown, The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. 28 January 2013
24. ↑ Salmon, Andrew (22 July 2021). "Japan's deep-right has more tongue than teeth". Asia Times. https://asiatimes.com/2021/07/japans-deep-right-has-more-tongue-than-teeth/.
25. ↑ [1][17][21][22] The group influences the legislative and executive branches of the Japanese government through its affiliates.[21][23] Former prime minister and LDP President, Shinzo Abe, served as a special advisor to the group's parliamentary league.[17] The group's membership includes grassroots activists as well as national and local politicians; with most of its active members being retired men over 60 years of age as the organisation has faced difficulty attracting young people.[19][24]
26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "The Quest for Japan's New Constitution: An Analysis of Visions and Constitutional Reform Proposals 1980–2009" p.75 (Christian G. Winkler, Routledge Contemporary Japan Series, 2011)
27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Politics and pitfalls of Japan Ethnography" – page 66 – Routledge (18 June 2009) – Edited by Jennifer Robertson
28. ↑ Mullins, Mark R. (2012). The Neo-Nationalist Response to the Aum Crisis, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 39 (1), 110–112
29. ↑ about Nippon Kaigi (Japanese)
30. ↑ Rightist ministers make up 80% of Abe Cabinet, Japan Press Weekly – 5 January 2012
31. ↑ Daiki Shibuichi (2008). Japan's History Textbook Controversy, Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies, Discussion Paper 4
32. ↑ "All about Sanae Takaichi, ultranationalist Abe protégé, now Japan's first woman PM". The Indian Express. 21 October 2025. https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-global/sanae-takaichi-japan-pm-10318753/. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
33. ↑ Mark, Craig (2021-09-29). "Who is Fumio Kishida, Japan's new prime minister?" (in en). http://theconversation.com/who-is-fumio-kishida-japans-new-prime-minister-168472.
34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 "Abe's reshuffle promotes right-wingers" (Korea Joongang Daily – 2014/09/05)
35. ↑ "Ishiba cannot rival Abe for Japan leadership yet". Oxford Analytica Daily Brief Service. Emerald Expert Briefings oxan-db (oxan-db). 2017-08-04. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB223607. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/OXAN-DB223607/full/html. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
36. ↑ "By Linda Sieg". 15 June 2006. https://www.oneindia.com/2006/06/15/by-linda-sieg-1150344320.html.
37. ↑ "日本会議がめざすもの « 日本会議". http://www.nipponkaigi.org/about/mokuteki. Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.
38. ↑ "Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress". https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33436.pdf.
39. ↑ Chanlett-Avery, Emma; Cooper, William H.; Manyin, Mark E.; Rinehart, Ian E. (23 February 2014). "Japan–U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress". Congressional Research Service. http://fas.org:8080/sgp/crs/row/RL33436.pdf.
40. ↑ Craft, Lucy (4 November 2022). "For Japan's LGBTQ couples, Tokyo "partnership certificates" are a small step toward equal marriage rights". CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/japan-gay-marriage-lgbtq-tokyo-partnership-certificates-small-step-equal-rights/.
41. ↑ Mark, Craig (6 September 2021). "Who will replace Yoshihide Suga as Japan's prime minister? Here's a rundown of the candidates". The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/who-will-replace-yoshihide-suga-as-japans-prime-minister-heres-a-rundown-of-the-candidates-167355.
42. ↑ "日本会議とは « 日本会議". https://www.nipponkaigi.org/about.
43. ↑ "Japan's History Textbook Controversy – Social Movements and Governments in East Asia, 1982–2006" – Daiki Shibuichi – 4 March 2008 – ejcjs
44. ↑ Katayama, Morihide (17 December 2018). "「日本会議」誕生の知られざるキーパーソン・黛敏郎". Gentosha. https://www.gentosha.jp/article/11872/.
45. ↑ Mizohata, Sachie (1 November 2016). "Nippon Kaigi: Empire, Contradiction, and Japan's Future". http://apjjf.org/2016/21/Mizohata.html.
46. ↑ Harris, Tobias (2020). The Iconoclast: Shinzo Abe and the New Japan. Hurst. ISBN 978-1787383104.
47. ↑ Mullins, Mark R. (2012). "The Neo-Nationalist Response to the Aum Crisis: A Return of Civil Religion and Coercion in the Public Sphere?". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 39 (1): 99–125. ISSN 0304-1042. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41495891.
48. ↑ .Pushed by conservatives, 19 assemblies pass statements urging constitutional revision Asahi Shimbun 1 August 2014
49. ↑ "PUSHING REVISION: Nippon Kaigi sent staffers to help struggling LDP candidates". The Asahi Shimbun. 2016-09-05. http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201609050010.html.
50. ↑ N. Onishi – New York Times, 17 December 2006, Japan Rightists Fan Fury Over North Korea Abductions
51. ↑ Tamotsu Sugano (1 May 2016). 日本会議の研究. Fusosha. p. 297.
52. ↑ "「日本会議の研究」販売差し止め 地裁が扶桑社に命令". Asahi Shimbun. 6 January 2017. http://www.asahi.com/articles/ASK1662PPK16UTIL04Z.html.
53. ↑ "In rare move, court suspends publication of best-seller on Abe-linked conservative lobby group". The Japan Times. 7 January 2017. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/01/07/national/rare-move-best-seller-abe-linked-nippon-kaigi-suspended-court.
54. ↑ Shizuoka Shimbun staff (11 January 2017). "「日本会議の研究」修正版販売へ 差し止め決定受け扶桑社". Shizuoka Shimbun. http://www.at-s.com/news/article/culture/national/318276.html.
55. ↑ Shizuoka Shimbun staff (11 January 2017). "日本会議本、出版認める 東京地裁、判断を一転". Shizuoka Shimbun. http://www.at-s.com/news/article/social/national/344592.html.
56. ↑ Muneo Narusawa, "Abe Shinzo: Japan's New Prime Minister a Far-Right Denier of History", The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol 11, Issue 1, No. 1, 14 January 2013
57. ↑ The Economist of Britain on 5 January 2013. Cited in: William L. Brooks (2013), Will history again trip up Prime Minister Shinzo Abe? The Asahi Shimbun, 7 May 2013
58. ↑ "How Abe and the ruling class of Japan have stirred up anti-Korean nationalism". The Hankyoreh. 5 August 2019. https://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/english_editorials/904580.html.
59. ↑ "No, Japan Should Not Remilitarize". Jacobin magazine. 24 October 2021. https://www.jacobinmag.com/2021/10/japan-jsdf-remilitarization-article-9-us-foreign-policy-biden-asian-pivot. "Carrying the legacy of Japanese fascism, the LDP (particularly Nippon Kaigi) is the knowing driver of both this growing racism and nationalism and Japan's swelling military fervor. The synthesis of remilitarization with reactionary politics is embodied in the party's longtime leader, Shinzō Abe, Japan's longest-serving prime minister, who retired only last year due to his declining health."

## External links

* 日本会議 (Japan Conference) Script error: The function "in_lang" does not exist.
* United States Congressional Transcript in response to Nippon Kaigi
* Tawara Yoshifumi: What is the Aim of Nippon Kaigi, the Ultra-Right organisation that Supports Japan's Abe Administration? Asia-Pacific Journal / Japan Focus, 1 November 2017.

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* Paul Rassinier
* Otto Ernst Remer
* Michèle Renouf
* Vincent Reynouard
* Jürgen Rieger
* Ingrid Rimland
* Thomas Robb
* Colin Robertson
* Manfred Roeder
* Malcolm Ross
* Germar Rudolf
* Bernhard Schaub
* Hans Schmidt
* Simon Sheppard
* Bradley R. Smith
* Wilhelm Stäglich
* Kevin Alfred Strom
* Sultan bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
* Robert Sungenis
* Tomislav Sunić
* Mohammed Taheri
* Georges Theil
* Serge Thion
* H. Keith Thompson
* Fredrick Töben
* Ferdinand Topacio
* Franjo Tuđman
* Hal Turner
* Richard Verrall
* James von Brunn
* Udo Walendy
* Adam Walker
* Mark Weber
* Bill White
* Richard Williamson
* Sami Abu Zuhri
* Ernst Zündel

Organizations|

* Adelaide Institute
* Centre for the Study of the Causes of the War
* CODOH
* HIAG
* Institute for Historical Review

Publications|

* Did Six Million Really Die?
* Leuchter report
* Journal of Historical Review
* The Hoax of the Twentieth Century

Conferences|

* International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust
* Bali Holocaust Conference

Publishing houses|

* Arndt Verlag
* J.J. Fedorowicz Publishing
* Munin Verlag
* Nation Europa Verlag

Legal status|

| Statute law|

* Austria
* Belgium
* France
* Germany

|

Case law|

* Lehideux and Isorni v France
* R v Zundel

Treaties|

* Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime

* v
* t
* e

Religion in politics

General concepts

* Anti-clericalism
* Anticlericalism and Freemasonry
* Caesaropapism
* Clericalism
* Clerical fascism
* Confessionalism
* Divine rule
* Engaged Spirituality
* Feminist theology
* Thealogy
* Womanist theology
* Identity politics
* Political religion
* Progressive Reconstructionism
* Religious anarchism
* Religious anti-Masonry
* Religious anti-Zionism
* Religious communism
* Religious humanism
* Religious law
* Religious nationalism
* Religious pacifism
* Religion and peacebuilding
* Religious police
* Religious rejection of politics
* Religious segregation
* Religious separatism
* Religious socialism
* Religious views on same-sex marriage
* Secularism
* Secular religion
* Separation of church and state
* Spiritual left
* State atheism
* State religion
* Theocracy
* Theonomy

Christianity and politics

* Blaine Amendment
* Christian anarchism
* Christian anti-communism
* Christian anti-Masonry
* Papal ban
* Christian anti-Zionism
* Christian communism
* Christian corporatism
* Christian democracy
* Christian egalitarianism
* Christian environmentalism
* Evangelical environmentalism
* Christian fascism
* German Christians
* National Catholicism
* Positive Christianity
* Protestant Reich Church
* Christian feminism
* Mormon feminism
* Christian humanism
* Christian law
* Christian left
* Evangelical left
* Christian libertarianism
* Christian pacifism
* Christian peacemaking
* Christian reconstructionism
* Christian republic
* Christian right
* Christian socialism
* In Utah
* Christian state
* Christian Zionism
* Cisalpinism
* Dominion Theology
* Febronianism
* Gallicanism
* Liberation theology
* Papal state
* Pillarisation
* Political Catholicism
* Relations between the Catholic Church and the state
* In Argentina
* Sphere sovereignty
* Subsidiarity
* Temporal power
* Theodemocracy
* Ultramontanism
* Neo-ultramontanism

Islam and politics

* Hui pan-nationalism
* Human Rights in Islam
* Imamate
* Islamic anarchism
* Islamic anti-Masonry
* Islamic anti-Zionism
* Islamic democracy
* Islamic fascism
* Islamic feminism
* Sharia law
* by country
* Islamic nationalism
* In Pakistan
* In South Asia
* Islamic pacifism
* Islamic republic
* Islamic socialism
* Islamic state
* Islamic Zionism
* Islamism
* Criticism
* Islamization
* Khilafat
* Petro-Islam
* Political quietism
* Taliban
* Talibanization
* Two-nation theory

Judaism and politics

* Halachic state
* Jewish anarchism
* Jewish anti-Zionism
* Haredim
* Jewish Autonomism
* Jewish democracy
* Jewish fascism
* Kahanism
* Revisionist Maximalism
* Jewish feminism
* Jewish law
* Jewish left
* Jewish pacifism
* Jewish political movements
* Jewish right
* Jewish secularism
* Jewish socialism
* Bundism
* Humanistic Judaism
* Poale Zion
* Religious Zionism
* World Agudath Israel

Hinduism and politics

* Akhand Bharat
* Hindu feminism
* Gandhism
* Hindu law
* Hindu modernism
* Hindu nationalism
* Hindutva
* Hindu Rashtra
* Panun Kashmir
* Bangabhumi
* Hindu revolution
* Hindu revivalism
* Hindu environmentalism
* Integral humanism
* Indigenous Aryans
* Rama Rajya
* Saffronisation
* Shuddhi
* Uniform civil code

Buddhism and politics

* Buddhists anti-communism
* Buddhist feminism
* Buddhist law
* Buddhist modernism
* Buddhist nationalism
* 969 Movement
* Nichirenism
* Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
* Buddhist socialism
* Engaged Buddhism
* Humanistic Buddhism
* Secular Buddhism

Other

* American civil religion
* Imperial cult
* Ancient Rome
* Gottgläubig
* Khalistan movement
* Neopaganist feminism
* Religious aspects of Nazism
* Creativity (religion)
* Nazi Satanism
* Personality cult
* State Shinto

Template:Shinto2 Template:Shōwa nationalism

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