American Physical Society

Not to be confused with the American Physical Society which was absorbed by the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh in 1796.

American Physical Society

APS Physics

Abbreviation| APS
Formation| May 20, 1899; 127 years ago (1899-05-20)
Type| Scientific
Purpose| To advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics
Location|

* American Center for Physics
College Park, Maryland, United States

Membership

| 50,000
Website| http://www.aps.org/

The American Physical Society (APS) is the world's second largest organization of physicists. The Society publishes more than a dozen scientific journals, including the prestigious Physical Review and Physical Review Letters, and organizes more than twenty science meetings each year. APS is a member society of the American Institute of Physics.[1]

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 Name change proposal
* 2 APS journals
* 3 APS units
* 3.1 Divisions
* 3.2 Forums
* 3.3 Sections
* 3.4 Topical groups
* 4 Programs
* 4.1 Physics Teacher Education Coalition
* 4.2 APS Bridge Program
* 4.3 The APS Scholarship for Minority Undergraduate Physics Majors
* 4.4 Conferences for Undergraduate Women in Physics
* 4.5 Career Center
* 4.6 New Faculty Workshop
* 4.7 CSWP/COM site visits
* 4.8 Education conferences
* 5 Prizes and awards
* 6 See also
* 7 References
* 8 External links

## History

The American Physical Society was founded on May 20, 1899, when thirty-six physicists gathered at Columbia University for that purpose. They proclaimed the mission of the new Society to be "to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics", and in one way or another the APS has been at that task ever since. In the early years, virtually the sole activity of the APS was to hold scientific meetings, initially four per year. In 1913, the APS took over the operation of the Physical Review, which had been founded in 1893 at Cornell University, and journal publication became its second major activity. The Physical Review was followed by Reviews of Modern Physics in 1929 and by Physical Review Letters in 1958. Over the years, Phys. Rev. has subdivided into five separate sections as the fields of physics proliferated and the number of submissions grew.

In more recent years, the activities of the Society have broadened considerably. Stimulated by the increase in Federal funding in the period after the Second World War, and even more by the increased public involvement of scientists in the 1960s, the APS is active in public and governmental affairs, and in the international physics community. In addition, the Society conducts extensive programs in education, science outreach (specifically Physics Outreach), and media relations. APS has 14 divisions and 11 topical groups covering all areas of physics research. There are 6 forums that reflect the interest of its 50,000 members[2] in broader issues, and 9 sections organized by geographical region.

In 1999, APS Physics celebrated its centennial with the biggest-ever physics meeting in Atlanta. In 2005, APS took the lead role in United States participation in the World Year of Physics, initiating several programs to broadly publicize physics during the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein's annus mirabilis. Einstein@Home, one of the projects APS initiated during World Year of Physics, is an ongoing and popular distributed computing project.

### Name change proposal

During the summer of 2005, the society conducted an electronic poll, in which the majority of APS members preferred the name American Physics Society. The poll became the motivation for a proposal of a name change promised in the leadership election that year. However, because of legal issues, the planned name change was eventually abandoned by the APS Executive Board.[3]

To promote public recognition of APS as a physics society, while retaining the name American Physical Society, the APS Executive Board adopted a new logo incorporating the phrase "APS Physics." General use of APS Physics to refer to APS or the American Physical Society is encouraged. The new APS Physics logo was designed by Kerry G. Johnson. Marvin Cohen, who was then APS President, said, "I like the logo. At least now when you are in an elevator at an APS meeting and someone looks at your badge, they won't ask you about sports."[4]

## APS journals

The American Physical Society publishes 13 international research journals and an open-access on-line news and commentary website Physics.[5]

* Physical Review Letters (PRL)
* Reviews of Modern Physics (RMP)
* Physical Review A (PRA): Atomic, molecular and optical physics.
* Physical Review B (PRB): Condensed matter and materials physics.
* Physical Review C (PRC): Nuclear physics.
* Physical Review D (PRD): Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology.
* Physical Review E (PRE): Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.
* Physical Review X (PRX): Open access; pure, applied, and interdisciplinary physics.
* Physical Review Applied (PRApplied): Experimental and theoretical applications of physics.
* Physical Review Fluids (PRFluids): Fluid dynamics.
* Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (PRAB): Open access; accelerator science and technology.
* Physical Review Physics Education Research (PRPER): Open access; experimental and theoretical research on physics education.
* Physical Review Materials (PRMaterials): A broad-scope international journal for the multidisciplinary community engaged in research on materials.

All members of APS receive the monthly publication Physics Today, published by the American Institute of Physics (AIP).[6]

## APS units

The American Physical Society has 47 units (divisions, forums, topical groups and sections) that represent the wide range of interests of the physics community.[7]

### Divisions

* Astrophysics (DAP)
* Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics (DAMOP): The objective of the division is the promotion of the fundamental research on atoms, simple molecules, electrons and light, and their interactions. Historically, this is the oldest division of the American Physical Society. It was created in 1943. The division manages a number of prestigious awards for AMO scientists at various stages of their careers, such as the Davisson-Germer Prize in Atomic or Surface Physics, Rabi Prize in AMO Physics, Outstanding Doctoral Thesis Research in AMO Physics, Herbert P. Broida Prize, etc. It also organizes annual DAMOP Meetings attended by many leading AMO researchers, both from the United States and abroad.
* Biological Physics (DBIO): With over 2,000 members,[8] the division is the second largest learned society in the world devoted to biological physics, following the Biophysical Society. The objective of the division is the advancement and dissemination of knowledge on the broad interface of physics and biology. This includes studying biological phenomena with physics tools and identifying new physics questions within biological contexts. The division supports a program of over 600 (as of 2016) presentations at the annual March Meeting of the APS, on topics ranging from protein biophysics, to neuroscience and evolution. It promotes research and development of biological physics, enhanced the standing of the field, and recognizes important contributions to the field, such as by awarding the Max Delbruck Prize in biological physics.[9]
* Chemical Physics (DCP)
* Computational Physics (DCOMP): The division has more than 2,000 members, and the objective of the division is the advancement and dissemination of knowledge regarding the use of computers in physics research and education. This includes, among other areas, their application to experiments, theory, and education as well as the application of physics to the development of computer technology. This division provides to its members an opportunity for coordination and a forum for discussion and communication. In addition, the division promotes research and development in computational physics; enhances prestige and professional standing of its members; encourages scholarly publication; and promotes international cooperation in these activities.[10]
* Condensed Matter Physics (DCMP)
* Fluid Dynamics (DFD)
* Gravitational Physics (DGRAV)
* Laser Science (DLS)
* Materials Physics (DMP)
* Nuclear Physics (DNP)
* Particles and Fields (DPF)
* Physics of Beams (DPB)
* Plasma Physics (DPP)
* Polymer Physics (DPOLY)
* Quantum Information (DQI)

### Forums

* Education (FEd)
* Early Career Scientists (FECS)
* Graduate Student Affairs (FGSA)
* History of Physics (FHP)
* Industrial and Applied Physics (FIAP)
* International Physics (FIP)
* Outreach and Engaging the Public (FOEP)
* Physics and Society (FPS)

### Sections

* Far West Section (FWS)
* Four Corners (4CS)
* Mid-Atlantic (MAS)
* New England (NES)
* New York State (NYSS)
* Northwest (NWS)
* Ohio-Region (OSAPS)
* Prairie Section (PSAPS)
* Southeastern (SESAPS)
* Texas (TSAPS)

### Topical groups

APS has the following topical groups:[7]

* Energy Research and Applications (GERA)
* Few-Body Systems (GFB)
* Hadronic Physics (GHP)
* Instrument and Measurement Science (GIMS)
* Magnetism (GMAG)
* Medical Physics (GMED)
* Physics Education Research (GPER)
* Physics of Climate (GPC)
* Plasma Astrophysics (GPAP)
* Precision Measurement & Fundamental Constants (GPMFC)
* Quantum Information (GQI)
* Shock Compression of Condensed Matter (SHOCK)
* Soft Matter (GSOFT)
* Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (GSNP)

## Programs

### Physics Teacher Education Coalition

The Physics Teacher Education Coalition (PhysTEC) is a joint project of the American Physical Society and the American Association of Physics Teachers, which helps universities transform their physics teacher education programs into national models. PhysTEC Supported Sites develop their physics teacher preparation programs by implementing a set of Key Components that project leaders have identified as critical to success in physics teacher preparation. The broader Coalition is a national network of institutions committed to developing and promoting excellence in physics and physical science teacher preparation.[11]

### APS Bridge Program

The APS Bridge Program aims to increase the number of underrepresented minority students that earn doctoral degrees in physics. The program names doctoral and master's degree-granting institutions as Bridge Sites and awards them National Science Foundation funding to prepare post-baccalaureate students for doctoral studies through additional coursework, mentoring, research, application coaching, and GRE preparation.[12]

### The APS Scholarship for Minority Undergraduate Physics Majors

Formerly called the APS Corporate Sponsored Scholarship Program for Minority Undergraduate Students Who Major in Physics, this scholarship was established in 1980 with the goal of increasing the number of underrepresented minorities receiving bachelor's degrees in physics. The program provides funding and mentoring to talented students.[13]

### Conferences for Undergraduate Women in Physics

APS Conferences for Undergraduate Women in Physics (APS CUWiP) are three-day regional conferences for undergraduate physics majors. The conferences aim to help undergraduate women continue in physics by providing them with the opportunity to experience a professional conference, information about graduate school and professions in physics, and access to other women in physics of all ages with whom they can share experiences, advice, and ideas.[14]

### Career Center

The APS Careers in Physics website is a gateway for physicists, students, and physics enthusiasts to obtain information about physics jobs and careers. APS Careers in Physics has an award-winning job board, offers professional development advice through its website and blog, and provides links to workshops, grants, and career resources.[15]

### New Faculty Workshop

APS co-sponsors a set of workshops for new physics and astronomy faculty with the American Association of Physics Teachers and the American Astronomical Society. These workshops reach nearly half of all new physics and astronomy faculty, and introduce them to current pedagogical practices, results of physics education research, and time management skills to help them begin and improve their academic careers.[16]

### CSWP/COM site visits

The APS has had a long-standing interest in improving the climate in physics departments for underrepresented minorities and women. The Committee on the Status of Women in Physics (CSWP) and the Committee on Minorities (COM) both sponsor site visit programs to universities as well as national labs.[17] [18]

### Education conferences

APS is a leading voice for physics education and the society sponsors a variety of conferences dedicating to helping physics education leaders stay on top of the trends in the field. Conferences include the annual Physics Department Chair Conference, a Graduate Education in Physics Conference, and a Distance Education & Online Learning in Physics Workshop. [19]

## Prizes and awards

The American Physical Society gives out a number of awards for research excellence and conduct; topics include outstanding leadership, computational physics, lasers, mathematics, and more.

## See also

* Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft

## References

1. ↑ "AIP member societies". Aip.org. Archived from the original on 2011-12-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20111213110227/http://www.aip.org/aip/societies.html. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
2. ↑ "APS Membership Soars Above 50,000 Benchmark". American Physical Society. http://aps.org/publications/apsnews/201202/membership2012.cfm. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
3. ↑ Tretkoff, Ernie (November 2005). "Legal, Financial Issues Impact APS Name Change Decision". APS News (American Physical Society) 14 (10). http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200511/name-change.cfm. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
4. ↑ Tretkoff, Ernie (January 2006). "What's in a Logo?". APS News (American Physical Society) 15 (1). http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200601/logo.cfm. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
5. ↑ "APS Journals". American Physical Society. http://journals.aps.org/about. Retrieved 2014-05-20.
6. ↑ "Physics Today". American Physical Society. http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday. Retrieved 2015-02-18.
7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "APS Units". Membership. American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/membership/units/index.cfm. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
8. ↑ "Membership Statistics". http://www.aps.org/membership/units/upload/UCY2014nm.pdf. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
9. ↑ "APS DBIO". http://www.aps.org/units/dbp/. Retrieved 12 Oct 2014.
10. ↑ "APS DCOMP". http://www.aps.org/units/dcomp/index.cfm. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
11. ↑ "Physics Teacher Education Coalition". PhysTEC.org. http://www.physTEC.org. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
12. ↑ "APS Bridge Program". APS Bridge Program. http://www.apsbridgeprogram.org. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
13. ↑ "APS Scholarship for Underrepresented Minorities". American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/programs/minorities/honors/scholarship/. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
14. ↑ "Conferences for Undergraduate Women in Physics". American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/programs/women/workshops/cuwip.cfm. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
15. ↑ "APS Careers in Physics". Aps.org. 2011-07-27. http://www.aps.org/careers/index.cfm. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
16. ↑ "New Physics and Astronomy Faculty Workshop". American Association of Physics Teachers. http://www.aapt.org/Conferences/newfaculty/nfw.cfm. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
17. ↑ "Committee on the Status of Women in Physics". American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/about/governance/committees/cswp/. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
18. ↑ "Committee on Minorities". American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/about/governance/committees/commin/index.cfm. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
19. ↑ "APS Education Conferences". American Physical Society. http://www.aps.org/programs/education/conferences/index.cfm. Retrieved 25 November 2013.

## External links

* Official American Physical Society website
* Bulletin of the American Physical Society — freely available scientific abstracts presented at general meetings and various unit meetings of APS Physics.
* Finding Aid to the Records of the American Physical Society, 1899-1989 at the Niels Bohr Library & Archives, American Institute of Physics
* Finding Aid to the American Physical Society, Division of Fluid Dynamics Archives, 1946-1991, Special Collections, Linderman Library, Lehigh University

* v
* t
* e

Presidents of the American Physical Society

1899–1925|

* Henry Augustus Rowland (1899)
* Albert A. Michelson (1901)
* Arthur Gordon Webster (1903)
* Carl Barus (1905)
* Edward Leamington Nichols (1907)
* Henry Crew (1909)
* William Francis Magie (1911)
* Benjamin Osgood Peirce (1913)
* Ernest Merritt (1914)
* Robert Andrews Millikan (1916)
* Henry Andrews Bumstead (1918)
* Joseph Sweetman Ames (1919)
* Theodore Lyman (1921)
* Thomas Corwin Mendenhall (1923)
* Dayton Miller (1925)

1926–1950|

* Karl Taylor Compton (1927)
* Henry Gale (1929)
* William Francis Gray Swann (1931)
* Paul D. Foote (1933)
* Arthur Compton (1934)
* Robert W. Wood (1935)
* Floyd K. Richtmyer (1936)
* Harrison M. Randall (1937)
* Lyman James Briggs (1938)
* John Torrence Tate, Sr. (1939)
* John Zeleny (1940)
* George Braxton Pegram (1941)
* G. Stewart (1941)
* Percy Williams Bridgman (1942)
* Albert Hull (1943)
* Arthur Jeffrey Dempster (1944)
* Harvey Fletcher (1945)
* Edward Condon (1946)
* Lee Alvin DuBridge (1947)
* J. Robert Oppenheimer (1948)
* Francis Wheeler Loomis (1949)
* Isidor Isaac Rabi (1950)

1951–1975|

* Charles Christian Lauritsen (1951)
* John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (1952)
* Enrico Fermi (1953)
* H. Bethe (1954)
* Raymond Thayer Birge (1955)
* E. Wigner (1956)
* Henry DeWolf Smyth (1957)
* Jesse Beams (1958)
* George Eugene Uhlenbeck (1959)
* Victor Frederick Weisskopf (1960)
* Frederick Seitz (1961)
* William V. Houston (1962)
* John Harry Williams (1963)
* Robert Bacher (1964)
* Felix Bloch (1965)
* John Archibald Wheeler (1966)
* Charles H. Townes (1967)
* John Bardeen (1968)
* Luis Walter Alvarez (1969)
* Edward Mills Purcell (1970)
* Robert Serber (1971)
* Philip M. Morse (1972)
* Joseph Edward Mayer (1973)
* Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky (1974)
* Chien-Shiung Wu (1975)

1976–2000|

* William A. Fowler (1976)
* George Pake (1977)
* Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr. (1978)
* Lewis M. Branscomb (1979)
* Herman Feshbach (1980)
* Arthur Leonard Schawlow (1981)
* Maurice Goldhaber (1982)
* Robert Marshak (1983)
* Mildred Dresselhaus (1984)
* Robert R. Wilson (1985)
* Sidney Drell (1986)
* Val Logsdon Fitch (1987)
* James A. Krumhansl (1989)
* Eugen Merzbacher (1990)
* Nicolaas Bloembergen (1991)
* Ernest M. Henley (1992)
* Donald N. Langenberg (1993)
* Burton Richter (1994)
* C. Kumar Patel (1995)
* J.R. Schrieffer (1996)
* D. Allan Bromley (1997)
* Andrew Sessler (1998)
* Jerome I. Friedman (1999)
* James S. Langer (2000)

2001–future|

* George Trilling (2001)
* William Brinkman (2002)
* Myriam Sarachik (2003)
* Helen Quinn (2004)
* Marvin Cohen (2005)
* John Hopfield (2006)
* Leo Kadanoff (2007)
* Arthur Bienenstock (2008)
* Cherry A. Murray (2009)
* Curtis Callan (2010)
* Barry Barish (2011)
* Robert L. Byer (2012)
* Michael Turner (2013)
* Malcolm R. Beasley (2014)
* Sam Aronson (2015)
* Homer Neal (2016)
* Laura Greene (2017)
* Roger Falcone (2018)
* David Gross (2019)
* Philip H. Bucksbaum (2020)

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