Cyclic AMP

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In biochemistry, cyclic AMP is an "adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to both the 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety. It is a second messenger and a key intracellular regulator, functioning as a mediator of activity for a number of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH."[1]

In signal transduction, cell surface receptors may activate second messenger systems such as adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP which then may activate protein kinases which then affect downstream targets (see figure).[2]

## Metabolism[edit]

Cyclic AMP, along with pyrophasphate, are formed by action of the enzyme adenylate cyclase on adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

## Pharmacology[edit]

The medication adenosine inhibits the effects intracellular cyclic AMP thus reducing sympathetic stimulation.[3]

## References[edit]

1. ↑ Anonymous (2025), Cyclic AMP (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
2. ↑ Lodish, Harvey F. (1999). “20.1. Overview of Extracellular Signaling”, Molecular cell biology. New York: Scientific American Books. ISBN 0-7167-3136-3.
3. ↑ Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred (2006). “Chapter 34. Antiarrhythmic Drugs”, Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 11th. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-142280-3.