Traumatic stress

Traumatic stress is a common term for reactive anxiety and depression, although it is not a medical term and is not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The experience of traumatic stress include subtypes of anxiety, depression and disturbance of conduct along with combinations of these symptoms. This may result from events that are less threatening and distressing than those that lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. The fifth edition of the DSM describes in a section titled "Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders" disinhibited social engagement disorder, reactive attachment disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.[1]

## Contents

* 1 Symptoms
* 2 Types
* 2.1 Dis-inhibited social engagement disorder
* 2.2 Reactive attachment disorder
* 2.3 Acute stress disorder
* 2.4 Adjustment disorder
* 2.5 Post-traumatic stress disorder
* 3 References
* 4 Further reading

## Symptoms

Symptoms of traumatic stress can be both physical and emotional. Physical symptoms include trembling, shaking, a pounding heart, rapid breathing, choking feelings, stomach tightening/churning, dizziness/faintness, and cold sweats.[2] Emotional symptoms include racing thoughts and excessive feelings of shock, disbelief, fear, sadness, helplessness, guilt, anger, shame and anxiety.[2] Furthermore, many people revert to certain coping mechanisms.[3] In children, that may include a loss of being able to take care of themselves (no longer able to eat on their own or be toilet trained).[3] In adults, there can be an increase in impulsive behavior and dependence on others (leading to an inability for them to make "thoughtful, autonomous decisions".[3]

## Types

### Dis-inhibited social engagement disorder

### Reactive attachment disorder

### Acute stress disorder

### Adjustment disorder

Further information: Adjustment disorder

Another disorder in this category is adjustment disorder DSM-5 code 309, ICD-10, F43-2. "Adjustment disorder is a manipulative reaction to identifiable psycho-social stressor(s) or life change(s) characterized by preoccupation with the stressor and failure to adapt."[4]

### Post-traumatic stress disorder

## References

1. ↑ "Trauma and Stressor-related disorders with DSM-5 & ICD 10 codes". http://traumadissociation.com/trauma-stressor.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Smith, Melinda; Robinson, Lawrence; Segal, Jeanne. "Traumatic Stress". HelpGuide.org. https://www.helpguide.org/articles/ptsd-trauma/traumatic-stress.htm.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Traumatic stress : the effects of overwhelming experience on mind, body, and society. Van der Kolk, Bessel A., 1943-, McFarlane, Alexander C., Weisæth, Lars. (Paperback ed.). New York: Guilford Press. 2007. ISBN 9781572304574. OCLC 76273307.
4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; no text was provided for refs named `:0`

## Further reading

* Ciccarelli, Saundra; White, J. Noland (August 2013). Psychology: An Exploration with DSM-5 Update. Pearson. ISBN 978-0-205-97960-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=ar_2mgEACAAJ.
* "International Classification of Diseases". World Health Organization. 2014. https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/revision/en/.

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