Answers Research Journal volume 1

The 2008 cover.

The divine comedy
Creationism

Running gags

* Biblical literalism
* Young/Old Earth
* Intelligent design
* Creation scientists

Jokes aside

* Carbon dating
* Bird evolution
* Paleontology
* Iron

Blooper reel

* Living fossil
* Petrified forest
* Hyles-Anderson College
* Geomagnetism

Evolutionism debunkers

* B.H. Shadduck
* Richard Kent
* Steve Fuller
* WND

v \- t \- e

Volume 1 of the Answers Research Journal was produced over 2008. The "volume" had 195 pages, which is smaller than the size of your standard issue of most scientific journals. (As a comparison, the journal Biochemistry published 14,038 pages in 2008, volume 47, or about 72 times more content.[1]) There were 16 papers published, three by the editor-in-chief.

## Contents

* 1 Volume 1 articles
* 1.1 Proceedings of the Microbe Forum, June 2007
* 1.2 Microbes and the Days of Creation
* 1.3 Catastrophic Granite Formation
* 1.4 An Apology and Unification Theory for the Reconciliation of Physical Matter and Metaphysical Cognizance
* 1.5 Louis Pasteur’s Views on Creation, Evolution, and the Genesis of Germs
* 1.6 Testing the Hydrothermal Fluid Transport Model for Polonium Radiohalo Formation: The Thunderhead Sandstone, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee–North Carolina
* 1.7 Toward a Practical Theology of Peer Review
* 1.8 Karyotype Variability within the Cattle Monobaramin
* 1.9 Mars, a Testament to Catastrophe
* 1.10 'In-Place' Fossils by Chance: A Simple Statistical Analysis
* 1.11 Green River Formation Very Likely Did Not Form in a Postdiluvian Lake
* 1.12 Genetics of Coat Color I: The Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R)
* 1.13 Bacterial Attenuation and its Link to Innate Oncolytic Potential: Implications for Creation and the Fall
* 1.14 Radiocarbon Ages for Fossil Ammonites and Wood in Cretaceous Strata near Redding, California
* 1.15 The Origin of Oil — A Creationist Answer
* 1.16 Hebrew Metaphysic: Life, Holy, Clean, Righteousness, and Sacrifice
* 2 Volume 1 Retrospective
* 3 See also
* 4 External links
* 5 References

## Volume 1 articles[edit]

#### Proceedings of the Microbe Forum, June 2007[edit]

Edited by Georgia Purdom and Joseph W. Francis, January 9, 2008

Nine abstracts from a creationist get-together. Nine is an incredibly small number of papers for a conference or workshop. Also, traditionally, when a journal publishes conference proceedings, they publish the papers in full, not just the abstracts. This adds little in the way of support for the creationist model, as we don't get to see the papers. Most of the participants are from the Creation Research Center or Liberty University. Two, listed as "Independent Scholars", are using pseudonyms so as not to impact their academic careers.

#### Microbes and the Days of Creation[edit]

Alan L. Gillen, January 16, 2008

These two articles try to figure out which day microbes were formed. It's hard when Genesis gives no information to figure it out, so we can just personally muse about it. A highlight quotes from the second article that emphasizes the cutting edge of creation science sounds like a crap shoot:

“”"I once believed that all microbes were simply created on Day Three—with all the plants (and seed-bearing life). . . . Upon further reflection on the origin of microbes, I realized that not all microbes could be classified as "seed-bearing" life, like plants, cyanobacteria, or photosynthetic bacteria. This led me to the conclusion that the Creator probably created animal-like (nonphotosynthetic) microbes on Days Five and Six.[2]

#### Catastrophic Granite Formation[edit]

Andrew Snelling, February 6, 2008

This is recycled global flood garbage. No evidence for a recent creation at all.

#### An Apology and Unification Theory for the Reconciliation of Physical Matter and Metaphysical Cognizance[edit]

Desmond P. Allen, February 22, 2008

A philosophical piece. Don't ask. No evidence for a recent creation at all. It also combines science and religion with abandon.

“”God is eternal. God is Spirit. Spirit is life. Spirit is the ultimate reality for both the metaphysical and the physical. The physical universe and all that is in it, including time, is the manifestation of the thought of God. He spoke, and it was so. Therefore, our physical universe is essentially a holographic image empowered by the Spirit of God. God exists aside from our temporal material paradigm, of which He is the light, the ultimate source of energy. Here there exists a certain entanglement between the quantum state and the Spirit of God. Even beyond His empowerment of the infinitesimal electromagnetic charges and the nuclear forces that bind all things together, this entanglement brings life in all its forms to the universe.[3]

This article is so bad, there has been some discussion in the blogosphere that this article is a hoax.[4]

#### Louis Pasteur’s Views on Creation, Evolution, and the Genesis of Germs[edit]

Alan L. Gillen and Frank J. Sherwin III, February 25, 2008

Want to "prove" that life was created? Cite the opinion of a famous scientist of yesteryear.

#### Testing the Hydrothermal Fluid Transport Model for Polonium Radiohalo Formation: The Thunderhead Sandstone, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee–North Carolina[edit]

Andrew A. Snelling, March 26, 2008

Radiohalo "research" from the RATE project that assumes that isotopes decayed gosh darn fast in the first few days of creation and now have come to a constant half-life. (One wonders why Genesis omits this interesting fact.) Hundreds of isotopes have precise measurements of their half-lives, and this article measures nothing of the sort. News to creationists: Just because you find more radiohalos doesn't make the evidence any better. This hypothesis has been refuted before, after all.[5] A basic understanding of chemistry would be enough to show that the rate of radioactive decay is independent of the concentration of the nuclei. So even if God created all the radioactive elements at once, there would be no increase in the rate of their breakdown. In fact, we should see a much higher percentage of radioactive nuclei.

#### Toward a Practical Theology of Peer Review[edit]

Roger W. Sanders, Kurt P. Wise, Joseph W. Francis, and Todd Charles Wood, April 9, 2008

Don't like the peer review in the scientific literature? Make up a criticism based on Christian concerns. We're not sure what this ~~commentary~~ "article" has to do with verifying Young Earth Creationism.

* And then nearly two months go by... Apparently nothing exciting happened in creation science for a while. So shocking for such a developing, exciting field!

#### Karyotype Variability within the Cattle Monobaramin[edit]

Dr. Jean K. Lightner, June 11, 2008

A baraminology paper with great language in the conclusions: "it seems most likely"; "it is highly doubtful"; "may not have been rigorously tested, but it is consistent with the observed data"; "it appears plausible". What conclusive conclusions! Favorite quote:

“”Although they may come at a cost ..., chromosomal translocations may provide a degree of plasticity that is necessary for animals to adapt in a sin-cursed world.

Er... OK...

* Another month passes with no groundbreaking creation science... sad, sad...

#### Mars, a Testament to Catastrophe[edit]

Charles Creager Jr., July 23, 2008

Apparently if you have a global flood on Earth, you have one on Mars, too. (Apparently God flooded the Martians as well as the Earthlings.) This article is a complete rehash of and hatchet-job on the current data from Mars rover missions and a lot of talk of "creationist opportunity" with no new data or original conclusions. See Tharsis. Also particularly disturbing about this paper is the lack of scholarly references. Almost all the sources are citations to NASA's website (press releases, on-line pictures and figures, etc.). The only real "references" are to a meeting synopsis, an article in Creation Research Society Quarterly, and a reference to  CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Work like that would be outright rejected at any decent journal, and any college graduate would know better than to submit work with such poor sources.

* A groundbreaking paper must be coming as another month goes by with no articles.

#### 'In-Place' Fossils by Chance: A Simple Statistical Analysis[edit]

John Woodmorappe, September 17, 2008

Wow. A creationist actually suggests a hypothesis! Of course, there are no data given to actually test the hypothesis. In fact, this article is a treatise on the binomial distribution, which the author publishes as his own (look--I generated a table!), but are actually readily calculable from any statistics book. We're also not sure about how many cubic organisms there are (really, it's in there!). Interestingly, there is only one reference--to Mr. Woodmorappe's work. Why do creationists fear referencing real data?

#### Green River Formation Very Likely Did Not Form in a Postdiluvian Lake[edit]

Michael J. Oard and Peter Klevberg, September 22, 2008

Two articles in one week!!! Stunning! Complete with the term "anticreationist" even!! There's something "fishy", though (an inside joke for those who have read the article), like looking only at data that fits their view.

#### Genetics of Coat Color I: The Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R)[edit]

Jean K. Lightner, October 8, 2008

A classic case in which the creation model is assumed and then the data is used to fit that model, reversing the usual method of science. Also, it is a classic case of argument from ignorance: The selection factors are unknown so, whammo! Evolution must be wrong, creationism must be right. Except it's not clear why the creation model is better, nor the mechanism by which the creator did his job.

(Also, ARJ seems to move pages around liberally, perhaps reflecting the fact that nothing is yet in print. Hence the chronological order and the page orders are screwed up for this paper. Perhaps that relfects the fact than nothing has been in paper form and that any person can make a pdf.)

#### Bacterial Attenuation and its Link to Innate Oncolytic Potential: Implications for Creation and the Fall[edit]

Luke Kim[6], October 8, 2008

How could bacteria cause disease before the fall in such a perfect world? Let's just declare that those bacteria didn't cause disease. Yeah, that's it!

#### Radiocarbon Ages for Fossil Ammonites and Wood in Cretaceous Strata near Redding, California[edit]

Andrew A. Snelling, December 10, 2008

In editor-in-chief Snelling's THIRD paper (what an extensive community...), Snelling claims that his data are "deadly" to radiodating using carbon-14. It also gives some outright incorrect statements about carbon-14 -- or, at least, highly misleading. "[N]ot a single atom of 14C formed even 1 million years ago anywhere in or on the earth should conceivably still exist." Strictly speaking this is true -- although carbon-14 is generated in the troposphere all the time. Snelling references Whitelaw's debunked article about radioactive decays as a centerpiece to his introduction. After an extensive discussion about how the fossils he is studying cannot be "truly that old," he gives an estimate of "36,400±350 to 48,710±930 years old" for the fossils, but then later concludes that they "are consistent with their burial during the Genesis Flood only, about 4,300 years ago." Huh?

#### The Origin of Oil — A Creationist Answer[edit]

John D. Matthews, December 17, 2008

In a classic "god of the gaps" argument, this pathetic article claims to indicate that oil was "created," since the scientists do not have a clean theory on the origin of oil. It ultimately fails as the "Biblical evidence" includes the statement that "Some kind of oil derivative was used by Noah to waterproof the Ark" (which could have been of plant origin, dipshit). Oil's usefulness is claimed as a sign that God made earth ready for habitation. (One has to wonder why it took humans so long to use it as fuel as wood was used for far longer.) This is definitely not science.

#### Hebrew Metaphysic: Life, Holy, Clean, Righteousness, and Sacrifice[edit]

Doug Kennard December 31, 2008

A Professor of Bible, Theology, and Philosophy[7] at the Houston Graduate School of Theology (who was, at the time, a professor at Bryan College) writes this ... uh ... theology piece. What it has to do with creation is unclear, other than quoting Genesis and mentioning "creation" a few times. It certainly does not support a supernatural creation in any way.

## Volume 1 Retrospective[edit]

* 200 people subscribe to the ARJ RSS feed! That's, like, tiny!
* 190,000ish unique page views. One wonders how many were friendly, and how many were, er... RationalWikians and other critics!

## See also[edit]

* Answers Research Journal
* Answers in Genesis

## External links[edit]

* ARJ Vol. 1

## References[edit]

1. ↑ http://pubs.acs.org/loi/bichaw
2. ↑ http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/arj/v1/n1/microbes-days-of-creation
3. ↑ http://www.answersingenesis.org/contents/379/Unification-Theory.pdf
4. ↑ http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/02/which_one_of_you_little_rascal.php
5. ↑ http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/po-halos/gentry.html
6. ↑ Luke Kim is probably a pseudonym. http://www.slate.com/id/2184384
7. ↑ http://www.hgst.edu/academics/faculty/douglas-kennard/

v \- t \- e

Articles about creationism

Types of creationism: |  Gap creationism • Day-age creationism • Old Earth creationism • Progressive creation • Hare Krishna creationism • Young Earth creationism • Intelligent design •
Evidence against a recent creation: |  Creationism and social history • Geomagnetism • Petrified forest • Radiometric dating • Carbon dating • Dendrochronology • Y-chromosomal Adam • Mitochondrial Eve • Starlight problem • Plate tectonics • Rotation of the Earth • Atmosphere of the Moon • Biogeography • K-Pg extinction event • Geologic timeline • Fossil • Transitional fossil • Fossil record • Lake Agassiz • List of transitional forms • Recent African Origin hypothesis • Punctuated equilibrium • Bird evolution • Geology • Grand Canyon • Evolution • Fossil fuel • Paleontology • History of the Earth • Evidence against a recent creation • Yellowstone • Diamond • Iron • Age of the Earth •
| Creationist claims: |  Geomagnetism • Do you want to be descended from a monkey? • Evolution and religion • Evolution and morality • C-decay • Peanut butter argument • Intelligent design and academic freedom • Science was wrong before • Science doesn't know everything • Catastrophic plate tectonics • Hydroplate theory • Lunar bukkake hypothesis • Creationist mathematics • Biblical literalism • Bumblebee argument • Orchidaceae • Irreducible complexity • Leap second • Wedge Strategy • Noah's Ark • 101 evidences for a young age of the Earth and the universe • Noah's Ark sightings • Evolution conspiracy • Recession of the Moon • Rotation of the Earth • Atmosphere of the Moon • Lunar dust • Lunar radioactivity • White hole cosmology • Firmament • Evolutionism • Haji Yearam • Galactocentricity • Hanzi of Genesis • Historical and operational science • Proof of the inconsistency of arithmetic • List of creationist claims • Global flood • De-evolution • Microevolution and macroevolution • In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood • Borel's Law • Dinosaur denialism • Baraminology •
| Global flood: |  Flood geology • Noah's Ark • Noah • Lunar bukkake hypothesis • Fossil sorting by the global flood • Hydroplate theory • Global flood • Grand Canyon • Noah (film) • Epic of Gilgamesh • Didit fallacy • God's Love • Noah's Ark sightings • Haji Yearam • Lake Agassiz • Parasites during the global flood • Life and the global flood • Global flood chronology • Yellowstone • Petrified forest • Baraminology •
Intelligent design creationism: |  Falsifiability of creationism • Irreducible complexity • Cdesign proponentsists • Intelligent design and academic freedom • Argument from design • The Wonders of Creation Reveal God's Glory • Biological Information: New Perspectives • Seeking God in Science: An Atheist Defends Intelligent Design • John A. Davison • Evolution Under the Microscope: A Scientific Critique of the Theory of Evolution • Rethinking Darwin: A Vedic Study of Darwinism and Intelligent Design • Mind and Cosmos: Why the Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False • Providence Lost: A Critique of Darwinism • The Darwin Myth: The Life and Lies of Charles Darwin • The Mystery of Life's Origin: Reassessing Current Theories • The Origin of Human Nature: A Zen Buddhist Looks at Evolution • Thomas Nagel • Darwinism Under The Microscope: How Recent Scientific Evidence Points To Divine Design • The End of Darwinism • Ask Darwinists • Polonium halos • Explanatory Filter • Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants • Eye • Argument from fine tuning • Argument from beauty • Argument from first cause • Flagellum • Moody Institute of Science • Intelligent design • Laryngeal nerve • Suboptimal design • Adam and Evolution: A Scientific Critique of Neo-Darwinism • Expelled: Leader's Guide • Banana argument • Vault-Co •
| "Intelligent" alternatives: |  Intelligent falling • Scientific storkism • Pastafarianism • Scientific Geoterrapinism • Wedgie strategy •
| Teach the controversy: |  Santorum Amendment • Missouri House Bill 1227 • Indiana Senate Bill 89 • Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District • Academic Freedom Act • Louisiana Academic Freedom Act • Tennessee monkey bill • Edwards v. Aguillard • Thomas More Law Center • School vouchers • Eugenie Scott • Teach the controversy • Truth in Science • McLean v. Arkansas Board of Education •
Creationists: |  Ben Stein • Barry Setterfield • Jonathan Sarfati • Ray Comfort • B.H. Shadduck • Kirk Cameron • Harun Yahya • Wendy Wright • Carl Wieland • John Ankerberg • Jack Cuozzo • William Jennings Bryan • Russ Miller • Lee Strobel • Brother Stair • Paul Nelson • James Nienhuis • Art Robinson • Alan O'Reilly • PPSIMMONS • Hank Hanegraaff • Charlie Wagner • Rush Limbaugh • Roy Spencer • Grover Norquist • Ann Coulter • Christopher Booker • Andrea Minichiello Williams • Tom Bethell • Chuck Baldwin • Rick Perry • Bradley Monton • Christopher Langan • Aimee Semple McPherson • Richard Kent • Ljiljana Čolić • Abuz Zubair • Scott Huse • Barry Arrington • Grant Jeffrey • Janet Porter • Alan Clifford • Kurt Wise • Kenneth McKilliam • Bradlee Dean • Hugh Ross • Geoffrey Simmons • James Le Fanu • Norman Nevin • Shaun Johnston • Issac Bourne • John C. Sanford • Fazale Rana • Benjamin Wiker • Hugh Dower • Lee Spetner • Mark Ludwig • Alan Hayward • Werner Gitt • William Fix • Maciej Giertych • John C. Landon • Barbara Cargill • Philip Snow • Ken Jopp • Frank Tipler • Richard William Nelson • Todd Friel • Bob Sorensen • Eugene Windchy • Berit Kjos • Glenn Beck • Robert McLuhan • George C. Deutsch • Ross McKitrick • Daniel Neiman • Ron Wyatt • Desmond Paul Allen • Jay Wile • Jack Chick • Ian Juby • Anthony Peake • Tim Ball • Sheik Feiz Muhammad • J. P. Holding • Michael Cremo • Chuck Norris • Steve Milloy • Rick Santorum • Christine O'Donnell • Larry Craig • Mike Bara • John Hawkins • Alan Keyes • Chris Carter • Ted Cruz • Bobby Jindal • James Ussher • Larry Pratt • Bob Dutko • Steve Fuller • Denyse O'Leary • Mike Huckabee • Babu G. Ranganathan • Ben Hobrink • Carl Baugh • Humans Are Free • Mary Lou Bruner • Educate-yourself.org • Andrew Schlafly • Ian Paisley • VenomFangX • Todd Akin • Paul Broun • James Manning • Shockofgod • Sye Ten Bruggencate • Brad Stine • Charlton Heston • Pat Toomey • Josh Axe • Ben Carson • William Dembski • Presents Of God Ministry • Jim Allister • Whale.to • Jonathan Otto • Becky Fischer • Roy Moore • David Wilcock • Jerry Falwell Sr. • Mark Dice • Ron Paul • Sam Brownback • Pat Buchanan • Don McLeroy • Marco Rubio • Michele Bachmann • Pat Robertson • John Hagee • Mary Fallin • The Vigilant Christian • Betsy DeVos • WND • Joseph Farah • Media Research Center • Theodore Beale • Encyclopedia of American Loons • Got Questions • R. L. Wysong • ProphecyFilm.com • Kent Hovind • Steven Anderson • Dennis Prager • Bernard d'Abrera • Mohammad Tawhidi • CJ Pearson • Christian Apologetics and Research Ministry • Eric Hovind • Cornelius Van Til • Frank Turek • Sarah Palin • William Lane Craig • Alex Jones (slovensky) • Charlie Kirk • Owen Benjamin • Steven Crowder • Rick Warren • Jerry Falwell Jr. • Ted Holden • Alex Jones • E. Calvin Beisner • Kate Tieje • Michael Denton • New Independent Fundamentalist Baptist Movement • Mark Cahill • Jim Inhofe • Gary Birdsong • R. J. Rushdoony • Pat Boone • The Washington Times • Canada Free Press • NewsBusters • Jimmy Swaggart • Miroljub Petrović • Marjorie Taylor Greene • Chuck Colson • Stephen E. Jones • Lew Rockwell • Tom Tancredo • John Kasich • Gary North • E. W. Jackson • Kevin Stitt • Steve Turley • Zachary K. Hubbard • Conservapedia • Mike Johnson • National Rifle Association • Butch Hartman • Joshua Feuerstein • Christopher Rufo • Peter Sweden • Alvin Plantinga • Tucker Carlson • Mission: America • American Thinker • Brandon Tatum • Nick Fuentes • Mike Pence • Zakir Naik • Glenn Morton •
| Fundie schools: |  Brigham Young University • Bryan College • Cedarville University • Patrick Henry College • Regent University • Patriot Bible University • Fundie school • The Master's University • Boston Baptist College • San Diego Christian College • Columbia Pacific University • Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools • Cornerstone University • Pensacola Christian College • Bob Jones University • Hyles-Anderson College • University of South Los Angeles • Cambridge Theological Seminary • Haven University • Liberty University • Louisiana Baptist University and Seminary • New Eden School of Natural Health • Georgia Central University • Andersonville Theological Seminary • Ambassador Baptist College • Hillsdale College • Illegal schools in the United Kingdom •
| Discovery Institute: |  Teach the controversy • Of Pandas and People • Wedge Strategy • Text of The Wedge Strategy • Explore Evolution • David Berlinski • Biologic Institute • Jonathan Wells • Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed • Michael Egnor • Douglas Axe • Academic Freedom Day • Casey Luskin • What is intelligent design? • Behe: The Edge of Evolution, Interview • Science and Human Origins • Wedgie strategy • Project Steve • BIO-Complexity • Texas Board of Education • Richard Weikart • Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District • Human exceptionalism • Darwin's Predictions • Stephen Meyer • Howard Ahmanson • Melvin Mulder • Lists of creationist scientists • Discovery Institute • Complex Specified Information • Michael Behe • Phillip Johnson • Joel Brind • Non-materialist neuroscience • Academic Freedom Act •
| Answers in Genesis: |  Answers in Genesis Dawkins interview controversy • Bodie Hodge • Andrew Snelling • Affirmations and Denials Essential to a Consistent Christian (Biblical) Worldview • Answers in Genesis/Creation Ministries International's Statement of Faith • Hanzi of Genesis • Atheists Outline Their Global Religious Agenda • 12 Arguments Evolutionists Should Avoid • Creation Ministries International • Lists of creationist scientists • Answers Research Journal • Ark Encounter • Jason Lisle • Answers in Genesis • Ken Ham • Creation Museum • Buddy Davis • Bill Nye debates Ken Ham • Ham Hightail • Cedarville University •
|  | Answers Research Journal: |  Answers Research Journal volume 2 • Answers Research Journal volume 3 • Answers Research Journal volume 5 • Answers Research Journal volume 6 • Answers Research Journal volume 4 • Answers Research Journal • Answers Research Journal volume 7 • Answers Research Journal volume 8 • Answers Research Journal volume 9 • Answers Research Journal volume 10 • Answers Research Journal volume 11 • Answers Research Journal volume 12 • Answers Research Journal volume 13 • Answers Research Journal volume 14 • Answers Research Journal Volume 15 •
| Institute for Creation Research: |  Nathaniel Jeanson • Jeffrey Tomkins • Lawrence Ford • Henry Morris • Brian Thomas • Duane Gish • RATE • Your Origins Matter • John Morris • Jerry Bergman • San Diego Christian College • Timothy LaHaye • Russell Humphreys • Lists of creationist scientists • Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools • Andrew Snelling • Alpha Omega Institute • Jason Lisle • Institute for Creation Research • Danny Faulkner • David DeWitt •