Calcium titanate

Names
Other names

calcium titanium oxide

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 12049-50-2 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 17340234 Y

PubChem CID

* 16212381

RTECS number |

* XR2568666

UNII |

* 6RX87EZD0Z Y

InChI

* InChI=1S/Ca.3O.Ti/q+2;;2*-1; Y

Key: AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/Ca.3O.Ti/q+2;;2*-1;/rCa.O3Ti/c;1-4(2)3/q+2;-2

Key: AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-SLQOSCGQAQ

SMILES

* [Ca+2].[O-] [Ti]([O-])=O

Properties

Chemical formula

| CaTiO3
Molar mass | 135.943 g/mol
Appearance  | white powder
Density | 4.1 g/cm3
Melting point |  1,975 °C (3,587 °F; 2,248 K)
Boiling point |  3,000 °C (5,430 °F; 3,270 K)

Solubility in water

| insoluble
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50 (median dose)

| >1200 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Thermochemistry

Std molar
entropy (S ~~o~~ 298)

| 93.64 J/mol·K [1]

Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298)

| −1660.630 kJ/mol [1]

Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)

| −1575.256 kJ/mol [1]

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Calcium titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CaTiO3. As a mineral, it is called perovskite, named after Russian mineralogist, Lev Perovski (1792–1856). It is a colourless, diamagnetic solid, although the mineral is often coloured owing to impurities.

## Contents

* 1 Synthesis
* 2 Structure
* 3 Applications
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links

## Synthesis

CaTiO3 can be prepared by the combination of CaO and TiO2 at temperatures >1300 °C. Sol-gel processes has been used to make a more pure substance, as well as lowering the synthesis temperature. These compounds synthesized are more compressible due to the powders from the sol-gel process as well and bring it closer to its calculated density (~4.04 g/ml).[2]

## Structure

Perovskite (CaTiO3) crystal from Perovskite Hill, Magnet Cove, Arkansas, USA. Calcium titanate naturally occurs in this form.

Calcium titanate is obtained as orthorhombic crystals, more specifically perovskite structure.[3] In this motif, the Ti(IV) centers are octahedral and the Ca2+ centers occupy a cage of 12 oxygen centers. Many useful materials adopt related structures, e.g. barium titanate or variations of the structure, e.g. yttrium barium copper oxide.[citation needed]

## Applications

Calcium titanate has relatively little value except as one of the ores of titanium, together with several others. It is reduced to give titanium metal or ferrotitanium alloys.[4]

## See also

* Perovskite
* Perovskite (structure)
* Perovskite solar cell

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Robie, R. A.; Hemmingway, B. S.; Fisher, J. R. (1978). "Thermodynamic properties of minerals and related substances at 298.15 K and 1 bar pressure and at higher temperature". Geol. Surv. Bull.: 1452. doi:10.3133/b1452. Bibcode: 1978BUSGS.....1452R. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1114954/m2/1/high_res_d/report.pdf.
2. ↑ Dunn, Bruce; Zink, Jeffrey I. (September 2007). "Sol–Gel Chemistry and Materials". Accounts of Chemical Research 40 (9): 729. doi:10.1021/ar700178b. PMID 17874844.
3. ↑ Buttner, R. H.; Maslen, E. N. (1 October 1992). "Electron difference density and structural parameters in CaTiO3". Acta Crystallographica Section B 48 (5): 644–649. doi:10.1107/S0108768192004592.
4. ↑ Sibum, Heinz; Güther, Volker; Roidl, Oskar; Habashi, Fathi; Wolf, Hans Uwe (2000). "Titanium, Titanium Alloys, and Titanium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a27_095. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.

## External links

* Crystal structure of CaTiO3

* v
* t
* e

Calcium compounds

* CaAl2O4
* CaB6
* CaBr2
* Ca(BrO3)2
* CaC2
* CaCN2
* Ca(CN)2
* CaCO3
* CaC2O4
* CaCl2
* Ca(ClO)2
* Ca(ClO3)2
* CaCrO4
* CaF2
* CaH2
* Ca(HCO3)2
* CaH2S2O6
* CaI2
* Ca(IO3)2
* Ca(MnO4)2
* CaN6
* Ca(NO3)2
* CaO
* CaO2
* Ca(OH)2
* CaP
* CaS
* CaSO3
* CaSO4
* CaSe
* CaSi
* CaSi2
* CaTiO3
* Ca2P2O7
* Ca2SiO4
* Ca3Al2O6
* Ca3(AsO4)2
* Ca3(BO3)2
* Ca3(C6H5O7)2
* Ca3N2
* Ca3P2
* Ca4(PO4)2O
* Ca3(PO4)2
* Ca(H2PO4)2
* CaHPO4
* C36H70CaO4

* v
* t
* e

Titanium minerals

Oxide minerals|

| Simple|

* Anatase
* Brookite
* Geikielite
* Rutile

|

Mixed|

* Aeschynite-(Y)
* Armalcolite
* Betafite
* Euxenite
* Freudenbergite
* Haggertyite
* Ilmenite
* Keilhauite
* Latrappite
* Perovskite
* Polycrase
* Zimbabweite
* Zirconolite
* Zirkelite

Silicate minerals|

* Aenigmatite
* Grossmanite
* Keilhauite
* Lorenzenite
* Melanite
* Nenadkevichite
* Titanite
* Zircophyllite

Other|

* Sabinaite (carbonate mineral)
* Warwickite (borate mineral)

* v
* t
* e

Titanium compounds

Titanium(II)|

* TiCl2
* TiH2
* TiO
* TiS
* TiSi2

| Organotitanium(II) compounds|

[(C5H5)2Ti(CO)2]

|

Titanium(III)|

* TiAl
* TiBr3
* TiCl3
* TiF3
* TiI3
* TiN
* TiP
* Ti2O3
* Ti2S3

| Organotitanium(III) compounds|

[(C5H5)2TiCl]2

|

Titanium(IV)|

* TiB2
* TiBr4
* TiC
* TiCl4
* Ti(ClO4)4
* TiF4
* H2TiF6
* TiH4
* TiI4
* Ti(NMe2)4
* Ti(NO3)4
* TiO2
* H4TiO4
* Ti4(OCH2CH3)16
* Ti(OCH(CH3)2)4
* Ti(OCH2CH2CH2CH3)4
* KTiOPO4
* NiO*Sb2O3*20TiO2
* TiS2
* TiSe2
* TiSi2

| Titanate compounds|

* BaTiO3
* Ba2TiO4
* Bi4Ti3O12
* CaTiO3
* CaCu3Ti4O12
* CaZrTi2O7
* Cs2TiO3
* Dy2Ti2O7
* EuBaTiO4
* FeTiO3
* Ho2Ti2O7
* Li2TiO3
* MnTiO3
* Na2Ti3O7
* Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3
* NiTiO3
* PbTiO3
* Pb(Zr,Ti)O3
* SrTiO3
* ZnTiO3

|

Organotitanium(IV) compounds|

* [(C5H5)2TiCl2]
* [(C5H5)2Ti(CH3)2]
* [(C5H5)2TiS5]
* [(C5H5)2Ti(μ-Cl)(μ-CH2)Al(CH3)2]
* [(η5-C5H4-CH2C6H4OCH3)2TiCl2]

|

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