List of proposed space telescopes

Short description: None

This list contains proposals for space telescopes, space-based (situated in space) astronomical observatories. It is a list of past and present space observatory plans, concepts, and proposals. For observatories in orbit, see list of space telescopes. Unlike that list, this one includes concepts and proposals that are unlikely ever to be launched, as they may have been cancelled or were only proposals.

## Contents

* 1 Space observatories under development
* 2 Merged, cancelled, or superseded space observatories
* 3 Additional examples and non-space telescopes
* 4 Additional examples
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

## Space observatories under development

Name  | Agency  | Type  | Proposed
launch date  | Status  | Proposed location  | Ref(s)

|
|
|
|
|
|

TOLIMAN | NASA | visible | 2027 | under construction | Low Earth orbit | [1]
Xuntian | CNSA | ultraviolet, visible, infrared | 2026 | under construction | Low Earth orbit | [2]
PLATO | ESA | visible | 2026 | under construction | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point |
ULTRASAT | ISA | ultraviolet  | 2026  |  | Geosynchronous orbit | [3]
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope | NASA | infrared | 28 September 2026 | built[4] | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [5][6]
Compton Spectrometer and Imager | NASA | gamma ray | 2027  |  | Low Earth orbit | [7]
ARIEL | ESA | visible, infrared  | 2028  |  | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [8]
Lazuli Space Telescope  | Schmidt Sciences  | visible, near-infrared  | 2028  | Proposed, funded  | Elliptical orbit  | [9][10]
Spektr-UV (WSO-UV) | Roscosmos | ultraviolet | 2029 | funded | Geosynchronous orbit | [11][12]
UVEX | NASA | ultraviolet  | 2030  |  | Highly elliptical orbit | [13]
LiteBIRD | JAXA | millimeter radio | 2032 | Approved for development | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [14][15]
AXIS (Advanced X-Ray Imaging Satellite) | NASA | X-Ray | 2032 | early planning | Low Earth orbit |

[16]

PRIMA (PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics)  | NASA | far-infrared  | 2032  | early planning  | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [17]
Taiji | CNSA/CAS | gravitational waves | 2033 | phase 1 of 3-phase development completed | Heliocentric orbit | [18][19]
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) | ESA | gravitational waves | 2035 | Approved for development | Solar Earth-trailing orbit (approx. 1 AU) | [20]
Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics | ESA | x-ray  | 2037  |  | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [21]
Habitable Worlds Observatory | NASA | Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared | 2041 | early planning 'Phase 1' | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point |

[22]

X-Ray Great Observatory | NASA | X-Ray | 2047 | early planning 'Phase 1' | possibly Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point |

[22]

Far-Infrared Great Observatory | NASA | Far-Infrared | 2051 | early planning 'Phase 1' | possibly Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point |

[22]

AstroSat-2 | ISRO | Near Ultraviolet, Far Ultraviolet, Visible | TBD | – | Low Earth orbit | [23]
ExoWorlds Mission  | ISRO |  | TBD  |  |  | [24]
Indian spectroscopic and imaging space telescope (INSIST)  | ISRO |  | TBD  |  |  | [24]
Galileo Solar Space Telescope | INPE | Visible and

ultraviolet

| TBD  | Admission process at AEB | Low Earth orbit or

Geostationary orbit

| [25][26]

## Merged, cancelled, or superseded space observatories

Name  | Agency  | Type  | Proposed
launch date  | Status  | Proposed location  | Ref(s)

|
|
|
|
|
|

X-Ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy Mission (XEUS) | ESA | X-ray | Merged into IXO | – | [27]
Constellation-X | NASA | X-ray | – |
International X-ray Observatory (IXO) | NASA & ESA & JAXA | X-ray | No funding 2011; rebooted as ATHENA | – | [28]
Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer (EXCEDE) | NASA | ? | 2016 | – | Sun-synchronous Earth orbit, 2000 km | [29][30]
SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory | NASA | ? | 2015 | No funding 2010 | – | [31]
Darwin Mission | ESA | ? | – | – | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | [32]
Terrestrial Planet Finder | NASA | ? | TBA | No funding 2011 | – | [33]
Dark Universe Observatory | NASA | ? | Superseded by Roman/WFIRST | Earth orbit (600 km) | [34][35]
Joint Dark Energy Mission | NASA & DOE | ? | – | [36]
Astromag Free-Flyer (Particles) | NASA | ? | 1 January 2005 | – | Earth orbit (500 km) | [37][38]
VSOP-2 (Astro-G) (Radio) | JAXA | ? | 2012 | Cancelled 2011 | – | [39]
SAFIR | NASA | far infrared | Superseded by Origins | Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point | ref?

## Additional examples and non-space telescopes

For launch in the 2030s, NASA is evaluating four possible designs: the Origins Space Telescope, Lynx X-ray Observatory, Habitable Exoplanets Observatory (HabEx), and Large UV Optical Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR).[40]

Balloon-borne telescopes have been in use since the 1950s. A 20–30 meter balloon telescope has been suggested.[41] The balloon would be transparent on one side, and have a circular reflecting mirror on the other side.[41] There are two main designs using this principle.[41]

* Large Balloon Reflector (LBR) (sub-orbital version)
* Space-based Large Balloon Reflector (LBR)
* TeraHertz Space Telescope (TST)[42]

## Additional examples

8 meter segmented LUVOIR-B (formerly ATLAST) telescope ATLAST produced several versions for the LUVOIR telescope

* Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (ATHENA)
* Big Bang Observer
* Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical and UV Research (CASTOR)
* Deci-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO)
* EChO
* Fast Infrared Exoplanet Spectroscopy Survey Explorer (FINESSE)
* Gravity and Extreme Magnetism Small Explorer (GEMS)
* Habitable Exoplanets Observatory (HabEx), a large UV to NIR focused design, 4 meter mirror [43]
* LOFT \- Large Observatory For X-ray Timing
* Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor
* Large Interferometer For Exoplanets
* Nautilus Deep Space Observatory[44][45][46]
* Near-Earth Object Surveillance Mission (formerly Near-Earth Object Camera (NEOcam))
* PEGASE
* Planetary Dynamics Explorer[47]
* Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA)
* Telescope for Habitable Exoplanets and Interstellar/Intergalactic Astronomy (THEIA)
* THESEUS
* Waypoint-1 Space Telescope, visible light, UV and hyper-spectral imaging for astrophysical research and ground observation[48]
* Whipple, proposed transit telescope for KBO and Oort objects
* ZEBRA, Zodiacal dust, Extragalactic Background and Reionization Apparatus [49] A small infrared observatory sent out to 10 AU by NASA[50]
* Membrane Space Telescope: A concept of huge reflecting telescopes in space, where the primary mirror would be composed of very thin and lightweight membrane, that would be kept in the required accurate shape by thermal radiative pressure projected from behind. ~15nm RMS precision was achieved in prototype testing.[51]

## See also

* Lists of telescopes
* Lists of spacecraft

## References

1. ↑ "The TOLIMAN mission: precision astrometry for exoplanetary discovery in the solar neighborhood". https://toliman.space/.
2. ↑ "China's giant Xuntian space telescope faces further delay until late 2026". 16 May 2024. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3262886/chinas-giant-xuntian-space-telescope-faces-further-delay-until-late-2026.
3. ↑ "NASA to Launch Israel's First Space Telescope - NASA" (in en-US). 2023-02-21. https://www.nasa.gov/general/nasa-to-launch-israels-first-space-telescope/.
4. ↑ "NASA Completes Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Construction". NASA. 2025-12-04. https://www.nasa.gov/missions/roman-space-telescope/nasa-completes-nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-construction/.
5. ↑ "NASA Awards Launch Services Contract for Roman Space Telescope". NASA (Press release). 19 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
6. ↑ Balzer, Ashley (9 November 2021). "NASA's Roman Mission Will Help Empower a New Era of Cosmological Discovery". NASA. https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-s-roman-mission-will-help-empower-a-new-era-of-cosmological-discovery.
7. ↑ "NASA Selects Gamma-ray Telescope to Chart Milky Way Evolution - NASA" (in en-US). https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-selects-gamma-ray-telescope-to-chart-milky-way-evolution/.
8. ↑ "Ariel moves from blueprint to reality" (in en). https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Ariel_moves_from_blueprint_to_reality.
9. ↑ Berger, Eric. "Former Google CEO plans to singlehandedly fund a Hubble telescope replacement". Ars Technica. https://arstechnica.com/space/2026/01/eric-schmidt-will-massively-invest-in-private-telescopes-including-hubble-replacement/.
10. ↑ Roy, Arpita; et al. (2026). "The Lazuli Space Observatory: Architecture & Capabilities". arXiv:2601.02556 [astro-ph.IM].
11. ↑ "В Институте астрономии РАН заявили, что обсерваторию "Спектр-УФ" не запустят до 2030 года" (in ru). TASS. 21 December 2023. https://tass.ru/kosmos/19601327.
12. ↑ Zak, Anatoly (30 December 2022). "Spektr-UF | Russian ultraviolet astronomy's long road to space". RussianSpaceWeb. https://www.russianspaceweb.com/spektr_uf.html.
13. ↑ "New NASA Mission will Study Ultraviolet Sky, Stars, Stellar Explosions - NASA" (in en-US). https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/new-nasa-mission-will-study-ultraviolet-sky-stars-stellar-explosions/.
14. ↑ "The origin of the Universe will be unveiled by the LiteBIRD cryogenic satellite". Grenoble Alpes University. 3 July 2023. https://www.d-sbt.fr/en/Pages/News/2023_Thomas-Prouve.aspx.
15. ↑ Realini, S. et al. (2018). "Concept design of the LiteBIRD satellite for CMB B-mode polarization". Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave. Proceedings of the SPIE. 10698. p. 68. doi:10.1117/12.2313432. ISBN 978-1-5106-1949-4.
16. ↑ Reynolds, Christopher et al. (1 Nov 2023). "Overview of the advanced x-ray imaging satellite (AXIS)". UV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Space Instrumentation for Astronomy XXIII. Proceedings of the SPIE. 12678. p. 49. doi:10.1117/12.2677468. ISBN 978-1-5106-6570-5.
17. ↑ "Physics of the Cosmos (PhysCOS)". https://pcos.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2024/107_NASA_Selects_Probe_Explorers.php.
18. ↑ Cyranoski, David (9 March 2016). "Chinese gravitational-wave hunt hits crunch time". Nature 531 (7593): 150–151. doi:10.1038/531150a. PMID 26961634. Bibcode: 2016Natur.531..150C. https://www.nature.com/articles/531150a. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
19. ↑ Wu, Yue-Liang et al. (24 February 2021). "China's first step towards probing the expanding universe and the nature of gravity using a space borne gravitational wave antenna". Communications Physics (Nature) 4 (1): 34. doi:10.1038/s42005-021-00529-z. Bibcode: 2021CmPhy...4...34T.
20. ↑ "LISA | Mission Summary". ESA. 8 November 2021. https://sci.esa.int/web/lisa/-/61367-mission-summary.
21. ↑ "ESA Science & Technology - Mission Summary". https://sci.esa.int/web/athena/-/59896-mission-summary.
22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Bruce Dominey (27 January 2023). "After Webb? NASA Is Already Planning New Great Space Observatories". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2023/01/27/after-webb-nasa-is-already-planning-new-great-space-observatories/?sh=1519ae551b6b. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
23. ↑ "Isro plans to launch India's 2nd space observatory". The Times of India. 19 February 2018. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/isro-plans-to-launch-indias-2nd-space-observatory/articleshow/62975636.cms.
24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Victor, Joseph T. "India's Space Exploration Roadmap". 67th Session of UNCOPUOS. https://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/copuos/2024/Technical_Presentations/26Day/6_item_15_Updated_India_Space_Exploration_Roadmap_21_June_2024-edited_1.pdf. Retrieved 16 August 2025.
25. ↑ Carlesso, Franciele; Rodríguez Gómez, Jenny Marcela; Barbosa, Adriany Rodrigues; Antunes Vieira, Luis Eduardo; Dal Lago, Alisson (2022-06-24). "Solar Irradiance Variability Monitor for the Galileo Solar Space Telescope Mission: Concept and Challenges". Frontiers in Physics 10. doi:10.3389/fphy.2022.869738. ISSN 2296-424X. Bibcode: 2022FrP....10.9738C.
26. ↑ "ProSAME" (in pt-br). 2023-12-07. p. 2. https://observatorio.aeb.gov.br/prosame/atas/ata-de-iii-reuniao-ordinaria-07-12-2023.pdf.
27. ↑ "KEUS – The X-Ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy Mission". ESA. http://www.rssd.esa.int/index.php?project=xeus.
28. ↑ "Official NASA IXO Home Page". NASA. http://ixo.gsfc.nasa.gov/.
29. ↑ "EXCEDE Home Page". University of Arizona. http://soweb.as.arizona.edu/~gschneider/EXCEDE_OVERVIEW.html.
30. ↑ "EXCEDE the Search for Planets". Astrobiology Magazine. 17 February 2012. http://www.astrobio.net/pressrelease/4574/excede-the-search-for-planets.
31. ↑ "SIM Lite JPL". NASA. http://sim.jpl.nasa.gov.
32. ↑ "ESA Science & Technology: Darwin". ESA. https://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=28.
33. ↑ "Planet Quest: Missions – Terrestrial Planet Finder". NASA. http://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/TPF/tpf_index.cfm.
34. ↑ "Dark Universe Observatory". Sonoma State University. http://epo.sonoma.edu/duo/index.html.
35. ↑ "Dark Universe Observatory – About the Launch Vehicle and Orbit". Sonoma State University. http://epo.sonoma.edu/duo/observatory/obslaunch.html.
36. ↑ "Destiny JDEM Mission Public Page". National Optical Astronomy Observatory. http://www.noao.edu/noao/staff/lauer/destiny.htm.
37. ↑ "NASA – NSSD – Spacecraft – Trajectory Details (Astromag FF)". NASA. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=ASTRMAG.
38. ↑ "NASA – NSSDC – Spacecraft – Details (Astromag-F)". NASA. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=ASTRMAG.
39. ↑ "VSOP-2 project". JAXA. http://www.vsop.isas.jaxa.jp/vsop2/.
40. ↑ Scoles, Sarah. "NASA Considers Its Next Flagship Space Telescope". https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/nasa-considers-its-next-flagship-space-telescope/.
41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Hall, Loura (3 May 2016). "Ballooning Expectations: New Approach for Astronomy". https://www.nasa.gov/feature/ballooning-expectations-new-approach-for-astronomy.
42. ↑ Dunn, Marina Madeline; Lesser, David; O'Dougherty, Stephan; Swift, Brandon; Pat, Terrance; Cortez, German; Smith, Steve; Goldsmith, Paul et al. (January 2017). "TeraHertz Space Telescope (TST)" (in en). AAS 229: 238.30. Bibcode: 2017AAS...22923830D.
43. ↑ "Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx)". https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/habex/.
44. ↑ University of Arizona (2 August 2019). "A new lens for life-searching space telescopes - University of Arizona researchers have designed a new kind of telescope that is a cheaper, lighter and more powerful option than creating telescopes using ever-larger mirrors. With a fleet of the newly designed space telescopes, they aim to scour a thousand potentially earth-like planets for signs of life.". EurekAlert!. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-08/uoa-anl080219.php.
45. ↑ Apai, Dániel; Milster, Tom D.; Kim, Dae Wook; Bixel, Alex; Schneider, Glenn; Liang, Ronguang; Arenberg, Jonathan (29 July 2019). "A Thousand Earths: A Very Large Aperture, Ultralight Space Telescope Array for Atmospheric Biosignature Surveys". The Astronomical Journal 158 (2): 83. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2631. Bibcode: 2019AJ....158...83A.
46. ↑ Apai, D. (2018). "Nautilus DeepSpace Observatory: A Giant Segmented Space Telescope Array for a Galactic Biosignature Survey". Universities Space Research Association. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/deepspace2018/pdf/3127.pdf.
47. ↑ "M. Wong, et al. – A Dedicated Space Observatory for Time-domain Solar System Science". https://www.lpi.usra.edu/decadal/opag/wong_PDX090727.pdf.
48. ↑ "Space Telescopes". http://www.spacefab.us/space-telescopes.html.
49. ↑ "NASA Considers Sending a Telescope to Outer Solar System - Universe Today". 19 December 2011. https://www.universetoday.com/91947/nasa-considers-sending-a-telescope-to-the-outer-solar-system/.
50. ↑ "ZEBRA". http://zebra.caltech.edu/.
51. ↑ Rabien, S.; Busoni, L.; Del Vecchio, C.; Ziegleder, J.; Esposito, S. (2024-08-23). "Membrane space telescope: Active surface control with radiative adaptive optics". Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave. Proceedings of the SPIE. 13092. pp. 148. doi:10.1117/12.3019682. ISBN 978-1-5106-7507-0. Bibcode: 2024SPIE13092E..5OR.

## External links

* Video (86:49) – "Search for Life in the Universe" – NASA (July 14, 2014).

* v
* t
* e

Space observatories

Operating|

* AGILE (since 2007)
* AMS-02 (since 2011)
* Aoi (since 2018)
* ASTERIA (since 2017)
* Astrosat (since 2015)
* BRITE constellation (since 2013)
* CALET (since 2015)
* Chandra (AXAF) (since 1999)
* DAMPE (since 2015)
* Fermi (since 2008)
* Gaia (since 2013)
* HXMT (Insight) (since 2017)
* Hinode (Solar-B) (since 2006)
* HiRISE (since 2005)
* Hisaki (SPRINT-A) (since 2013)
* Hubble (since 1990)
* INTEGRAL (since 2002)
* IBEX (since 2008)
* IRIS (since 2013)
* ISS-CREAM (since 2017)
* MAXI (since 2009)
* Mikhailo Lomonosov (since 2016)
* Mini-EUSO (since 2019)
* NCLE (since 2018)
* NEOSSat (since 2013)
* NICER (since 2017)
* NuSTAR (since 2012)
* Odin (since 2001)
* SDO (since 2010)
* SOHO (since 1995)
* SOLAR (since 2008)
* Spektr-RG (since 2019)
* Spitzer (since 2003)
* STEREO (since 2006)
* Swift (since 2004)
* TESS (since 2018)
* WISE (since 2009)
* XMM-Newton (since 1999)

Planned|

* CHEOPS (2019)
* iWF-MAXI (2019)
* Astro-1 Telescope (2020)
* ILO-1 (2020)
* LUCI (2020)
* Nano-JASMINE (2020)
* ORBIS (2020)
* Solar Orbiter (SolO) (2020)
* IXPE (2021)
* James Webb (JWST) (2021)
* LORD (2021)
* SVOM (2021)
* XPoSat (2021)
* Euclid (2022)
* Space Solar Telescope (2022)
* XRISM (2022)
* Xuntian (2022)
* K-EUSO (2023)
* Solar-C (2023)
* SPHEREx (2023)
* Small-JASMINE (2024)
* Near-Earth Object Surveillance Mission (2025+)
* Spektr-UV (2025)
* WFIRST (2025+)
* PLATO (2026)
* LiteBIRD (2027)
* ARIEL (2028)
* Spektr-M (2030+)
* ATHENA (2031)
* LISA (2034)

Proposed|

* Arcus
* AstroSat-2
* EXCEDE
* Fresnel Imager
* FOCAL
* HabEx
* Hibari
* Hypertelescope
* JEM-EUSO
* LUVOIR
* ATLAST
* HDST
* Lynx
* Nautilus Deep Space Observatory
* New Worlds Mission
* NRO donation to NASA
* OST
* PhoENiX
* Solar-D
* SPICA
* THEIA
* THESEUS

Retired|

* Akari (Astro-F) (2006–2011)
* ALEXIS (1993–2005)
* Alouette 1 (1962–1972)
* Ariel 1 (1962, 1964)
* Ariel 2 (1964)
* Ariel 3 (1967–1969)
* Ariel 4 (1971–1972)
* Ariel 5 (1974–1980)
* Ariel 6 (1979–1982)
* ATM (1973–1974)
* ASCA (Astro-D) (1993–2000)
* Astro-1 (1990)
* BBXRT
* HUT
* Astro-2 (HUT) (1995)
* Astron (1983–1989)
* ANS (1974–1976)
* BeppoSAX (1996–2003)
* CHIPSat (2003–2008)
* Compton (CGRO) (1991–2000)
* CoRoT (2006–2013)
* Cos-B (1975–1982)
* COBE (1989–1993)
* DXS (1993)
* EPOCh (2008)
* EPOXI (2010)
* Explorer 11 (1961)
* EXOSAT (1983–1986)
* EUVE (1992–2001)
* FUSE (1999–2007)
* Kvant-1 (1987–2001)
* GALEX (2003–2013)
* Gamma (1990–1992)
* Ginga (Astro-C) (1987–1991)
* Granat (1989–1998)
* Hakucho (CORSA-b) (1979–1985)
* HALCA (MUSES-B) (1997–2005)
* HEAO-1 (1977–1979)
* Herschel (2009–2013)
* Hinotori (Astro-A) (1981–1991)
* HEAO-2 (Einstein Obs.) (1978–1982)
* HEAO-3 (1979–1981)
* HETE-2 (2000–2008)
* Hipparcos (1989–1993)
* IUE (1978–1996)
* IRAS (1983)
* IRTS (1995–1996)
* ISO (1996–1998)
* IXAE (1996–2004)
* Kepler (2009–2018)
* Kristall (1990–2001)
* LEGRI (1997–2002)
* LISA Pathfinder (2015–2017)
* MOST (2003–2019)
* MSX (1996–1997)
* OAO-2 (1968–1973)
* OAO-3 (Copernicus) (1972–1981)
* Orbiting Solar Observatory
* OSO 1
* OSO 2/OSO B
* OSO 3
* OSO 4
* OSO 5
* OSO 6
* OSO 7
* OSO 8
* Orion 1 (1971)
* Orion 2 (1973)
* PAMELA (2006–2016)
* PicSat (2018)
* Planck (2009–2013)
* RELIKT-1 (1983–1984)
* R/HESSI (2002–2018)
* ROSAT (1990–1999)
* RXTE (1995–2012)
* SAMPEX (1992–2004)
* SAS-B (1972–1973)
* SAS-C (1975–1979)
* Solwind (1979–1985)
* Spektr-R (2011–2019)
* Suzaku (Astro-EII) (2005–2015)
* Taiyo (SRATS) (1975–1980)
* Tenma (Astro-B) (1983–1985)
* Uhuru (1970–1973)
* Vanguard 3 (1959)
* WMAP (2001–2010)
* Yokoh (Solar-A) (1991–2001)

Hibernating
(Mission completed)|

* SWAS (1998–2005)
* TRACE (1998–2010)

Lost|

* OAO-1 (1966)
* OAO-B (1970)
* CORSA (1976)
* OSO C (1965)
* ABRIXAS (1999)
* HETE-1 (1996)
* WIRE (1999)
* Astro-E (2000)
* Tsubame (2014–2015)
* Hitomi (Astro-H) (2016)

Cancelled|

* AOSO
* Astro-G
* Constellation-X
* Darwin
* Destiny
* EChO
* Eddington
* FAME
* FINESSE
* GEMS
* HOP
* IXO
* JDEM
* LOFT
* OSO J
* OSO K
* Sentinel
* SIM & SIMlite
* SNAP
* SPOrt
* TAUVEX
* TPF
* XEUS
* XIPE

See also|

* Great Observatories program
* List of space telescopes
* List of proposed space observatories
* List of X-ray space telescopes

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Future spaceflights

Crewed|

| 2020|

* Soyuz MS-16 (April)
* Soyuz MS-17 (October)
* Shenzhou 12
* Crew Dragon Demo-2
* Boeing Crewed Flight Test
* USCV-1
* USCV-2
* New Shepard (crewed flight test)
* VSS Unity VF02

|

2021|

* Gaganyaan Crewed Flight 1
* Shenzhou 13
* USCV-3

2022|

* Artemis 2

2023+|

* #dearMoon project (2023)
* Artemis 3 (2024)

Robotic|

| 2020|

* AFSPC-7
* ALOS-3
* ALOS-4
* Artemis 1 (November)
* Orion
* Lunar Flashlight
* NEA Scout
* BioSentinel
* SkyFire
* Lunar IceCube
* CuSP
* LunaH-Map
* EQUULEUS
* OMOTENASHI
* ArgoMoon
* Cislunar Explorers
* CU-E3
* Team Miles
* Chandrayaan-3
* Chang'e 5
* GSAT-20
* Hope Mars Mission (July)
* HX-1 (July–August)
* Ingenio
* Inmarsat-6 F1
* JCSAT-17
* Kounotori 9 (May)
* Mars 2020 (July–August)
* MX-1E (July)
* Nauka / European Robotic Arm (December)
* QZS-1R
* RAPIS-2 / Z-Sat / DRUMS / KOSEN-1
* Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok lander (July)
* Solar Orbiter (February)
* Space Complex Alpha
* TARANIS

|

2021|

* Aditya-L1
* Astrobotic M1 (June)
* AEM rovers
* Uni
* EXA/AEC lunar orbiter
* B330
* CAPSTONE (December)
* DART / LICIA (June)
* Dream Chaser (September)
* Hakuto-R M1 (October)
* IXPE (April)
* James Webb Space Telescope (March)
* Landsat 9 (January)
* Lucy (October)
* Luna 25 (July)
* Nova-C (July)
* PROBA-3 (Q2)
* PTScientists
* Tianhe
* SES-17
* Space RIDER
* UN/Dream Chaser
* Wentian
* XPoSat

2022|

* Biomass (October)
* DESTINY+
* EarthCARE (June)
* Euclid (June)
* HTV-X1
* JUICE (June)
* KPLO (July)
* MetOp-SG Series A
* NISAR (September)
* Power and Propulsion Element (December)
* Prichal
* Psyche (August)
* PUNCH / TRACERS
* Soyuz GVK-1
* SpaceX Starship (1st Mars departure)
* TEREX-1
* Weather System Follow-on Microwave
* XRISM / SLIM (January)

2023|

* Chang'e 7
* Hakuto-R M2 (March)
* MetOp-SG Series B
* QZS-5
* QZS-6
* QZS-7
* Shukrayaan-1
* SMILE
* SPHEREx

2024+|

* Chang'e 6 (2023 or 2024)
* FLEX
* GOES-U (2024)
* Hera / APEX / Juventas (October 2024)
* IMAP / SWFO-L1 (October 2024)
* Luna 26 (2024)
* MMX (September 2024)
* MOM 2 (2024)
* Small-JASMINE (2024)
* ZhengHe (2024)
* Europa Clipper (2025)
* Luna 27 (2025)
* Luna 28 (2025+)
* Spektr-UV (2025)
* Dragonfly (2026)
* PLATO (2026)
* Venera-D (2026 or 2031)
* Chang'e 8 (2027)
* LiteBIRD (2027)
* ARIEL / Comet Interceptor]] (2028)
* ATHENA (2031)
* LISA (2034)

TBA|

* Energia-100
* Europa Lander (2025?)
* KiwiSAT
* Lybid 1
* Nano-JASMINE
* Near-Earth Object Surveillance Mission
* WFIRST (mid-2020s)

Recently
launched|

* Progress MS-13 (6 December)
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-02B (7 December)
* HEAD-2A / 2B (7 December)
* GLONASS-M List of GLONASS satellites

* List of proposed missions to the Moon
* List of proposed space observatories

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List of proposed space telescopes. Read more

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