Esophageal disease

Head and neck. Esophagus at bottom.
Specialty| Gastroenterology

Esophageal diseases can derive from congenital conditions, or they can be acquired later in life.

Many people experience a burning sensation in their chest occasionally, caused by stomach acids refluxing into the esophagus, normally called heartburn. Extended exposure to heartburn may erode the lining of the esophagus, leading potentially to Barrett's esophagus which is associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma most commonly found in the distal one-third of the esophagus.

Some people also experience a sensation known as globus esophagus, where it feels as if a ball is lodged in the lower part of the esophagus.

Acute esophageal necrosis-endoscopic view demonstrated progressive dusky and discolored esophageal mucosa.

The following are additional diseases and conditions that affect the esophagus:

* Achalasia[1]
* Acute esophageal necrosis
* Barrett's esophagus
* Boerhaave syndrome
* Caustic injury to the esophagus
* Chagas disease
* Diffuse esophageal spasm
* Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
* Esophageal cancer
* Esophageal dysphagia
* Esophageal varices
* Esophageal web
* Esophagitis
* GERD
* Hiatus hernia
* Killian–Jamieson diverticulum
* Mallory–Weiss syndrome
* Neurogenic dysphagia
* Nutcracker esophagus
* Schatzki's ring
* Zenker's diverticulum

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ "Esophagus Disorders SECTION II: FGIDs: DIAGNOSTIC GROUPS" (PDF). The Rome Foundation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.

## External links[edit | edit source]

Classification|

* MeSH: D004935

|

* Esophageal and Swallowing Disorders, Merck & Company Inc. Archived 2008-06-18 at the Wayback Machine

* v
* t
* e

Diseases of the digestive system

Upper GI tract|

| Esophagus|

* Esophagitis
* Candidal
* Eosinophilic
* Herpetiform
* Rupture
* Boerhaave syndrome
* Mallory–Weiss syndrome
* UES
* Zenker's diverticulum
* LES
* Barrett's esophagus
* Esophageal motility disorder
* Nutcracker esophagus
* Achalasia
* Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction
* Diffuse esophageal spasm
* Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
* Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
* Esophageal stricture
* Megaesophagus
* Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis
* Acute esophageal necrosis

|

Stomach|

* Gastritis
* Atrophic
* Ménétrier's disease
* Gastroenteritis
* Peptic (gastric) ulcer
* Cushing ulcer
* Dieulafoy's lesion
* Dyspepsia
* Pyloric stenosis
* Achlorhydria
* Gastroparesis
* Gastroptosis
* Portal hypertensive gastropathy
* Gastric antral vascular ectasia
* Gastric dumping syndrome
* Gastric volvulus
* Buried bumper syndrome
* Gastrinoma
* Zollinger–Ellison syndrome

Lower GI tract
Enteropathy|

| Small intestine
(Duodenum/Jejunum/Ileum)|

* Enteritis
* Duodenitis
* Jejunitis
* Ileitis
* Peptic (duodenal) ulcer
* Curling's ulcer
* Malabsorption: Coeliac
* Tropical sprue
* Blind loop syndrome
* Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
* Whipple's
* Short bowel syndrome
* Steatorrhea
* Milroy disease
* Bile acid malabsorption

|

Large intestine
(Appendix/Colon)|

* Appendicitis
* Colitis
* Pseudomembranous
* Ulcerative
* Ischemic
* Microscopic
* Collagenous
* Lymphocytic
* Functional colonic disease
* IBS
* Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome
* Megacolon / Toxic megacolon
* Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis/SCAD

Large and/or small|

* Enterocolitis
* Necrotizing
* Gastroenterocolitis
* IBD
* Crohn's disease
* Vascular: Abdominal angina
* Mesenteric ischemia
* Angiodysplasia
* Bowel obstruction: Ileus
* Intussusception
* Volvulus
* Fecal impaction
* Constipation
* Diarrhea
* Infectious
* Intestinal adhesions

Rectum|

* Proctitis
* Radiation proctitis
* Proctalgia fugax
* Rectal prolapse
* Anismus

Anal canal|

* Anal fissure/Anal fistula
* Anal abscess
* Hemorrhoid
* Anal dysplasia
* Pruritus ani

GI bleeding|

* Blood in stool
* Upper
* Hematemesis
* Melena
* Lower
* Hematochezia

Accessory|

| Liver|

* Hepatitis
* Viral hepatitis
* Autoimmune hepatitis
* Alcoholic hepatitis
* Cirrhosis
* PBC
* Fatty liver
* NASH
* Vascular
* Budd–Chiari syndrome
* Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
* Portal hypertension
* Nutmeg liver
* Alcoholic liver disease
* Liver failure
* Hepatic encephalopathy
* Acute liver failure
* Liver abscess
* Pyogenic
* Amoebic
* Hepatorenal syndrome
* Peliosis hepatis
* Metabolic disorders
* Wilson's disease
* Hemochromatosis

|

Gallbladder|

* Cholecystitis
* Gallstone / Cholelithiasis
* Cholesterolosis
* Adenomyomatosis
* Postcholecystectomy syndrome
* Porcelain gallbladder

Bile duct/
Other biliary tree|

* Cholangitis
* Primary sclerosing cholangitis
* Secondary sclerosing cholangitis
* Ascending
* Cholestasis/Mirizzi's syndrome
* Biliary fistula
* Haemobilia

* Common bile duct
* Choledocholithiasis
* Biliary dyskinesia
* Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

Pancreatic|

* Pancreatitis
* Acute
* Chronic
* Hereditary
* Pancreatic abscess
* Pancreatic pseudocyst
* Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
* Pancreatic fistula

Other|

| Hernia|

* Diaphragmatic
* Congenital
* Hiatus

* Inguinal
* Indirect
* Direct
* Umbilical
* Femoral
* Obturator
* Spigelian

* Lumbar
* Petit's
* Grynfeltt-Lesshaft

* Undefined location
* Incisional
* Internal hernia
* Richter's

|

Peritoneal|

* Peritonitis
* Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
* Hemoperitoneum
* Pneumoperitoneum

* v
* t
* e

Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system (Q35–Q45, 749–751)

Upper GI tract|

| Tongue, mouth and pharynx|

* Cleft lip and palate
* Van der Woude syndrome
* tongue
* Ankyloglossia
* Macroglossia
* Hypoglossia

|

Esophagus|

* EA/TEF
* Esophageal atresia: types A, B, C, and D
* Tracheoesophageal fistula: types B, C, D and E

* esophageal rings
* Esophageal web (upper)
* Schatzki ring (lower)

Stomach|

* Pyloric stenosis
* Hiatus hernia

Lower GI tract|

| Intestines|

* Intestinal atresia
* Duodenal atresia
* Meckel's diverticulum
* Hirschsprung's disease
* Intestinal malrotation
* Dolichocolon
* Enteric duplication cyst

|

Rectum/anal canal|

* Imperforate anus
* Rectovestibular fistula
* Persistent cloaca
* Rectal atresia

Accessory|

| Pancreas|

* Annular pancreas
* Accessory pancreas
* Johanson–Blizzard syndrome
* Pancreas divisum

|

Bile duct|

* Choledochal cysts
* Caroli disease
* Biliary atresia

Liver|

* Alagille syndrome
* Polycystic liver disease

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