Neutron spectroscopy

Neutron spectroscopy is a spectroscopic method of measuring atomic and magnetic motions by measuring the kinetic energy of emitted neutrons. The measured neutrons may be emitted directly (for example, by nuclear reactions), or they may scatter off cold matter before reaching the detector. Inelastic neutron scattering observes the change in the energy of the neutron as it scatters from a sample and can be used to probe a wide variety of different physical phenomena such as the motions of atoms (diffusional or hopping), the rotational modes of molecules, sound modes and molecular vibrations, recoil in quantum fluids, magnetic and quantum excitations or even electronic transitions.[1] Since its discovery, neutron spectroscopy has become useful in medicine as it has been applied to radiation protection and radiation therapy.[2] It is also used in nuclear fusion experiments, where the neutron spectrum can be used to infer the plasma temperature, density, and composition, in addition to the total fusion power.[3]

Although neutron spectroscopy is currently capable of operating on many orders of neutron energy, much research focuses on expanding these capabilities to higher energies. In 2001, US researchers were able to measure neutrons with energies up to 100 gigaelectronvolts[4]

## See also

* Neutron diffraction
* Raman scattering
* Nested Neutron Spectrometer

## References

1. ↑ "ISIS - Neutron spectroscopy". http://www.isis.stfc.ac.uk/instruments/neutron-spectroscopy4761.html.
2. ↑ Brooks, F. D; Klein, H (2002-01-01). "Neutron spectrometry—historical review and present status" (in en). Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. Int. Workshop on Neutron Field Spectrometry in Science, Technology and Radiation Protection 476 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01378-X. ISSN 0168-9002. Bibcode: 2002NIMPA.476....1B. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016890020101378X.
3. ↑ Ericsson, Göran (2019-02-27). "Advanced Neutron Spectroscopy in Fusion Research" (in en). Journal of Fusion Energy 38: 330–355. doi:10.1007/s10894-019-00213-9. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10894-019-00213-9.
4. ↑ Goldhagen, P; Reginatto, M; Kniss, T; Wilson, J. W; Singleterry, R. C; Jones, I. W; Van Steveninck, W (2002-01-01). "Measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray induced neutrons aboard an ER-2 high-altitude airplane" (in en). Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. Int. Workshop on Neutron Field Spectrometry in Science, Technology and Radiation Protection 476 (1): 42–51. doi:10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01386-9. ISSN 0168-9002. PMID 12033224. Bibcode: 2002NIMPA.476...42G. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900201013869.

## External links

* [1] \- Neutron spectrometer on NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft.

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Spectroscopy

Infrared|

* FT-IR
* Raman
* Resonance Raman
* Rotational
* Rotational–vibrational
* Vibrational
* Vibrational circular dichroism

UV–Vis–NIR|

* Ultraviolet–visible
* Fluorescence
* Vibronic
* Near-infrared
* Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI)
* Raman optical activity spectroscopy
* Raman spectroscopy
* Laser-induced

X-ray and
photoelectron|

* Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
* Photoelectron
* Atomic
* Emission
* X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
* EXAFS

Nucleon|

* Gamma
* Mössbauer

Radiowave|

* NMR
* Terahertz
* ESR/EPR
* Ferromagnetic resonance

Others|

* Acoustic resonance spectroscopy
* Auger spectroscopy
* Astronomical spectroscopy
* Cavity ring-down spectroscopy
* Circular dichroism spectroscopy
* Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy
* Cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectroscopy
* Conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy
* Correlation spectroscopy
* Deep-level transient spectroscopy
* Dual-polarization interferometry
* Electron phenomenological spectroscopy
* EPR spectroscopy
* Force spectroscopy
* Fourier-transform spectroscopy
* Glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy
* Hadron spectroscopy
* Hyperspectral imaging
* Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy
* Inelastic neutron scattering
* Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
* Mössbauer spectroscopy
* Neutron spin echo
* Photoacoustic spectroscopy
* Photoemission spectroscopy
* Photothermal spectroscopy
* Pump–probe spectroscopy
* Saturated spectroscopy
* Scanning tunneling spectroscopy
* Spectrophotometry
* Time-resolved spectroscopy
* Time-stretch
* Thermal infrared spectroscopy
* Video spectroscopy
* Vibrational spectroscopy of linear molecules

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