Willys Jeep Station Wagon

Short description: American automobiles produced by Willy and Kaiser Jeep (1944-1977)

Willys Jeep Station Wagon

Overview
Manufacturer|

* Willys-Overland (1946–1953)
* Willys Motors[1] (1953–1963)
* Kaiser Jeep[1] (1963–1964)

Also called| Willys / Ford Rural (Brazil)
IKA Estanciera (Argentina)
Production| 1946–1964 (U.S.)
1957–1970 (Argentina)
1958–1977 (Brazil)
Assembly|

* United States: Toledo, Ohio (Toledo Complex)
* Argentina: Santa Isabel (IKA)
* Brazil: São Bernardo do Campo (Willys Overland do Brasil S.A, later Ford Brasil)

Designer| Brooks Stevens[2]
Body and chassis
Class| Mid-size sport utility vehicle
Body style|

* 2-door or 4-door station wagon
* 2-door panel truck

Related|

* Willys Jeep Truck
* Willys-Overland Jeepster

Powertrain
Propulsion| rear wheel drive / optional four wheel drive
Dimensions
Wheelbase| 104 in (2,642 mm)[3]
Length| 176.25 in (4,477 mm)[3]
Width| 72 in (1,829 mm)[3]
Height| 74 in (1,880 mm)
|uk|Kerb|Curb}} weight|

* 3,206 lb (1,454 kg)
* 4,500 lb (2,041 kg) GWV

Chronology
Successor| Jeep Wagoneer

The Willys Jeep Station Wagon, Jeep Utility Wagon, and Jeep Panel Delivery are automobiles produced by Willys and Kaiser Jeep in the United States from 1946 through 1964, with production in Argentina and Brazil continuing until 1970 and 1977, respectively. They were the first mass-market all-steel station wagons designed and built as a passenger vehicle.[4] With over 300,000 wagons and its variants built in the U.S., it was one of Willys' most successful post-World War II models. After the 1949 introduction of a four-wheel drive option, the 2WD was sold as "Station Wagon", while the 4WD was marketed as "Utility Wagon".[5] The 4WD Willys Jeep Wagon is often considered the first production sport utility vehicle.[6][7] The Jeep Wagon was assembled in several international markets under various forms of joint ventures, licenses, or knock-down kits.

## Contents

* 1 Development and reception
* 2 Production timeline
* 2.1 United States
* 2.2 Argentina
* 2.3 Brazil
* 3 Notes
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Development and reception

File:2016-03-01 Geneva Motor Show 0914.JPGThe Wagon's all-steel body was sometimes painted as a woodie

The Jeep Wagon was designed in the mid-1940s by industrial designer Brooks Stevens.[8] Willys did not stamp and make bodies for its vehicles. Manufacturers of car bodies were facing high demand, and Willys was known to have limited finances. Brooks therefore designed bodies that could be built by sheet metal fabricators who normally made parts for household appliances and could draw sheet metal (pulling or pushing a flat metal into a 3D shape) no more than 6 inches (152 mm).[9]

The steel body was efficient to mass-produce, easier to maintain, and safer than the real wood-bodied station wagon versions at the time.[10] Within the first two years of the Jeep Wagon's production, the only manufacturer in the United States with a station wagon that was comparable in price was Crosley,[11] which introduced an all-steel wagon in 1947.

The Jeep Wagon was the first Willys product with independent front suspension. Barney Roos, Willys' chief engineer, developed a system based on a transverse seven-leaf spring. The system, called "Planadyne" by Willys, was similar in concept to the "planar" suspension Roos had developed for Studebaker in the mid-1930s.[11]

In 1953, the U.S. military included the 4x4 station wagon models 463 and 473 as non (standard) classified 1/4-ton trucks under Standard Nomenclature List number G-740 in Technical Manual edition TM9-2800-1.[12]

## Production timeline

### United States

* 1946: introduced as the 463 with 10 slot flat grille in July 1946.[13] Powered by the L-134 Go-Devil flathead inline-four engine.
* 1947: a panel van introduced with one seat, a pair of doors instead of the wagon's tailgate, and no side windows behind the front doors.[14] 663 model introduced late in year, powered by the L-148 Lightning straight-six engine, 50 built.[15]
* 1948: A luxury version, the Station Sedan, had solid body colors with basket-weave trim on the sides and was better finished than the wagon throughout.[11]
* 1949: four-wheel drive became an option.[14]
* 1950: the flat 10 slot grille was replaced by a pointed v-shape design with five horizontal bars across the vertical ones. New 1950 model was introduced 16 April, with leftover 1949 models continued into March.[15] The 473 model came with the new 'F-134 Hurricane, and the 673 model included the new 161 cu in (2.6 L) version of the Lightning six. The station sedan discontinued.[14]
* 1952: the flathead Lightning was dropped in favor of the F-161 Hurricane, installed in the 685 model. Key start replaces floor start; chrome strip added to hood, cowl sides on Wagon only; flush side mount tail lights replace single light.[15]
* 1954: the first under Kaiser's ownership. The 6-226 Super Hurricane, a flathead inline six, was introduced. This was a version of the Kaiser Supersonic/Continental Red Seal engine and became available on four-wheel drive versions in 1954. Minor revisions were made to front end styling that year, including the reduction of the number of horizontal slats in the grille from five to three. There were few other changes between 1953 and 1955.[16]
* 1955: a number of new models were added. The 6-226 model lineup gained stripped chassis, flat face cowl, cowl/windshield, and ambulance models. The 475 line received only the cowl/windshield. Willys withdrew from the passenger car market and renamed the vehicle the Utility Wagon. The seventh seat and the overdrive were deleted, and the Planadyne front suspension used with the two-wheel drive wagon was replaced with a beam axle. Warn hubs, with which the front drive mechanism could be disengaged by turning the hubs by hand, became optional on four-wheel drive models.[17]
* 1958: the Maverick model introduced, a more luxurious version of the two-wheel drive wagon. It was only available with the four-cylinder engine. The main upgrades were in the introduction of two-tone paint with matching interior in two tones and a standard AM radio. It was distinguished by its extra stainless steel trim ring under the windows. The Maverick name came from the TV series of the same name, of which Willys was a sponsor.
* 1959: 4X2 Wagon models have one piece windshield.
* 1960: 4X4 Wagons and Delivery models receive one-piece windshield (late year).[15]
* 1962: the 6-230 Tornado OHC engine was introduced in May, replacing the flathead.[15]
* 1964: production ends as the Willys model had been phased out by the Jeep Wagoneer, which was introduced in the 1963 model year. Some leftover 1964 models were renumbered by dealers with 1965 VINs.[18]

* 1951 advertisement for the Willys Station Wagon

* Willys Jeep "Estanciera" made by IKA in Argentina.

* Brazilian-built Willys Rural (later renamed as the Ford Rural)

* Willys Jeep Station Wagon used as taxi in Cuba

### Argentina

The Jeep Wagon was produced as the IKA Estanciera by Industrias Kaiser Argentina from 1957 to 1970.

### Brazil

In the 1950s, a version based on the 1946 US version was introduced. A truck version, the Pickup, was introduced in 1961. Ford Brazil bought the Willys factory in 1967 and the Rural Jeep wagon was renamed Ford Rural, and the truck was later named the Ford F-75 in 1972.[19] Both models were offered with an inline-six engine, which was the first gasoline engine manufactured in Brazil. They were available in RWD or 4X4 configuration. The Rural was discontinued in 1977, and the F-75 in 1981.[20]

## Notes

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 After Willys' merging with Kaiser Motors, the new company kept the Willys name for ten years before changing it to 'Kaiser Jeep' – despite the name change, it was the same company.
2. ↑ Carlsson, Mårten. "Stevens segerbil". https://www.klassiker.nu/reportage/stevens-segerbil.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 1953 Willys Jeep Brochure
4. ↑ Olsen & Lyons 2000, p. 27.
5. ↑ "Jeep for 1959, 1960, and 1961: Gladiator, Universal, Forward Control, CJ and DJ". 16 November 2020. https://www.allpar.com/threads/jeep-for-1959-1960-and-1961-gladiator-universal-forward-control-cj-and-dj.229516/?post_id=1085223614&nested_view=1#post-1085223614.
6. ↑ "1960 Willys Four-Wheel-Drive Station Wagon: Your (Great-) Grandfather's SUV". Autoweek. http://autoweek.com/article/car-news/1960-willys-four-wheel-drive-station-wagon-your-great-grandfathers-suv.
7. ↑ Greg. "The Very First Sport Utility Vehicle: The Jeep Station Wagon". https://autoroundup.com/index.php/jeep-station-wagon-the-very-first-suv/.
8. ↑ Olsen & Lyons 2000, p. 28.
9. ↑ Brown 1994, pp. 66, 68.
10. ↑ Olsen & Lyons 2000, p. 29.
11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Brown 1994, p. 70.
12. ↑ Technical Manual 9-2800-1/TO 19-75A-89 – Military Vehicles. Washington: Departments of the Army and the Air Force. 13 February 1953. p. 152. https://radionerds.com/images/c/c3/TM_9-2800-1_1953_INCLUDING_C1_EN_C2.pdf.
13. ↑ "Yer Basic Wagon Data". http://wx4.org/to/wagons/usefulstuff/wagonspecs.html.
14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Brown 1994, p. 72.
15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 Wx4 "Basic Wagon Data"
16. ↑ Brown 1994, p. 86.
17. ↑ Brown 1994, p. 90.
18. ↑ "Vehicle Identification Numbers Explained". http://wx4.org/to/wagons/usefulstuff/vin/vin.html.
19. ↑ Glucher, Jeff (31 December 2017). "Brazilian Ford F-75 originally started out as a Willys". https://www.motorauthority.com/news/1114519_brazilian-ford-f-75-originally-started-out-as-a-willys.
20. ↑ Tatarevic, Bozi. "The Tale Of The Ford Rural And F-75 Truck". http://www.hoonable.com/the-creation-of-the-ford-rural-and-f-75/.

## References

* Bradsher, Keith (2002). High and Mighty: SUVs: The World's Most Dangerous Vehicles and How They Got that Way. PublicAffairs. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-58648-123-0. https://archive.org/details/highmightysuvs00brad/page/5.
* Brown, Arch (1994). "Chapter Four – Postwar Plans for Willys: 1945-52". Jeep: The Unstoppable Legend. Lincolnwoood, IL: Publications International. ISBN 0-7853-0870-9.
* Foster, Patrick R. (2003). Standard Catalog of Jeep 1940-2003. Krause. ISBN 978-0-87349-522-6.
* Olsen, Byron; Lyons, Dan (2000). Station Wagons. MBI. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7603-0632-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=mgavA0e_iY8C&pg=PA27. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
* Redmond, Derek (24 June 2002). "Willys Jeep Station Wagon, 1946-65 Another "Sibling of the CJ-3B"". The CJ-3B Page. http://www.film.queensu.ca/CJ3B/Siblings/Wagon.html.
* Vincent, Van (12 February 2010). "Chevrolet Suburban at 75 years old - Looking back". CarguideBlog. http://carguideblog.com/2451/chevrolet-suburban-at-75-years-old-looking-back/.
* "1953 Willys Jeep brochure". https://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Jeep/1953_Jeep/1953_Willys_Jeep_Brochure/1953 Willys Jeep-04.html.

## External links

* 4-door Willys Wagon auctioned — one of very few that were factory built.

Template:Jeep early timeline

0.00

(0 votes)

Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willys Jeep Station Wagon. Read more

|

Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Engineering:Willys_Jeep_Station_Wagon&oldid=4554225"