Infrastructure policy of the Joe Biden administration

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In late January 2021, the Joe Biden administration stated it would aim for spending on the USA's infrastructure on the order of $2 trillion.[1]

In April 2021, the administration rolled out an executive-branch proposed infrastructure blueprint—the American Jobs Plan—to expend some US$2 trillion of federal funding on a wide variety of US infrastructure.[2] The proposed blueprint has been discussed and debated all year, and as of October 2021, is still awaiting Congressional passage, where it has become politically connected to other spending program legislation. Some major part of it is expected to make it into US law.

## Contents

* 1 Background
* 2 Energy
* 2.1 Electrical power grid
* 2.2 Keystone Pipeline
* 2.3 Renewable energy
* 3 Transportation
* 4 Impact
* 5 References

## Background

President Biden presented his Build Back Better plan on his first speech to a joint session of Congress. The plan calls for massive spending on the nation's infrastructure on the order of more than $2 trillion. The plan involves infrastructure, clean energy, manufacturing, research and development, and training. The plan borrows from many of the features of a "Clean Cars for America" initiative co-sponsored in October 2019 by Sen. Chuck Schumer.[1]

Key Biden proposals include:[1]

* adding 500,000 electric vehicle chargers
* rebuilding conventional transportation infrastructure (roads, bridges, airports, rail, and public transportation)
* a carbon-neutral program to transition government vehicles to electric vehicles, along with the possible extension of consumer tax credits for purchasing electric vehicles. (Tesla and General Motors capped out the $7500 income tax credit for the first 200,000 EVs sold)
* light-rail networks and infrastructure for bicycles and pedestrians for the 300 largest U.S. cities
* set a target for a "carbon pollution-free power sector by 2035."

## Energy

### Electrical power grid

The electrical power grid would presumably receive some amount of the US$174 billion expected to by put forward by the administration for "electrification" as part of the Biden infrastructure plan being talked with Congress as of April 2021.[3]

### Keystone Pipeline

In his first day in office, Biden had rescinded the permit for the Keystone XL oil pipeline with an executive order and rejoined the United States into the Paris Agreement abandoned in the Trump administration. Phase 4 of the Keystone XL pipeline had been a massively funded infrastructure project that was planned to run from Alberta, Canada to Nebraska and link to pipelines to Texas and Illinois oil refineries. The cancellation of the project had sparked northern objections from provincial premiers as well as Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, addressing his concerns in a call with Biden.[4][5]

### Renewable energy

Renewable energy would presumably receive some amount of the US$174 billion expected to be put forward by the administration for "electrification" as part of the Biden infrastructure plan being talked with Congress as of April 2021.[3]

## Transportation

The vast majority of passenger travel occurs by automobile for shorter distances, and airplane (or railroad, in some regions) for longer distances. In descending order, most cargoes travel by railroad, truck, pipeline, or boat; air shipping is typically used only for perishables and premium express shipments. Transportation is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States.[citation needed]

## Impact

Biden's infrastructure interests during his presidential campaign included proposals expanded public education, elderly healthcare, and paid family leave, in contrast with Trump's restrictive immigration policies, which were projected to dilute workforce size and productivity. An economic analysis from Moody's Analytics in September 2020 found Biden's infrastructure policy would create 2.7 million additional jobs[6] and increase average American income by $4,800 during his first term, should particular policies become law, far exceeding Trump's infrastructure proposals, which would create 11.2 million new jobs and "minimal real income gain."[7][8]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Henry, Jim (January 20, 2021a). "Biden Infrastructure Plan Pushes Better Roads, EV Chargers, Mass Transit" (in en-US). https://www.forbes.com/wheels/news/biden-infrastructure-plan-better-roads-ev-chargers-mass-transit/.
2. ↑ "Biden proposal seeks billions of dollars to advance climate change agenda". April 1, 2021. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-biden-infrastructure-climate-chan-idUKKBN2BN136.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lambert, Fred (6 April 2021). "US electric car incentive is rumored to increase to $10,000 in program reform". Electrek. https://electrek.co/2021/04/06/us-electric-car-incentive-program-reform/. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
4. ↑ "Prime Minister Justin Trudeau speaks with the President of the United States of America Joe Biden" (in en). Prime Minister of Canada. January 23, 2021. https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/readouts/2021/01/22/prime-minister-justin-trudeau-speaks-president-united-states-america-joe.
5. ↑ "Readout of President Joe Biden Call with Prime Minister Justin Trudeau of Canada" (in en-US). The White House. January 22, 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/01/22/readout-of-president-joe-biden-call-with-prime-minister-justin-trudeau-of-canada/.
6. ↑ Farley, Robert (2021-04-05). "Biden, Buttigieg Exaggerate Projected Job Gains in Infrastructure Plan" (in en-US). FactCheck.org. https://www.factcheck.org/2021/04/biden-buttigieg-exaggerate-projected-job-gains-in-infrastructure-plan/.
7. ↑ Chait, Jonathan (September 25, 2020). "Economic Forecast: Biden Plan Will Create 7 Million More Jobs Than Trump" (in en-us). https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/09/economist-biden-plan-creates-7-million-more-jobs-than-trump.html.
8. ↑ Zeballos-Roig, Joseph (September 27, 2020). "Joe Biden's plan would create 7 million more jobs than Trump, according to one economic forecast". https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-biden-economic-plan-jobs-trump-republicans-democrats-moodys-create-2020-9.

* v
* t
* e

Public infrastructure

assets
and
facilities|

* Airports
* Bridges
* Broadband
* Canals
* Critical infrastructure
* Dams
* Electricity generation
* Energy development
* Hazardous waste
* Hospitals
* Levees
* Lighthouses
* Municipal solid waste
* Parks
* Ports
* Public housing
* Public spaces
* Public transport
* Public utilities
* Public works
* Rail transport
* Roads
* Sewage
* State schools
* Telecommunications
* Wastewater
* Water supply network
* Wind power

concepts|

* Appropriation
* Infrastructure asset management
* Build–operate–transfer
* Design–build
* Earmark
* Engineering contracts
* Externality
* Fixed cost
* Government debt
* Life-cycle assessment
* Lindahl tax
* Maintenance, repair, and operations
* Natural monopoly
* Property tax
* Public capital
* Public finance
* Public good
* Public sector
* Public–private partnership
* Renovation
* Spillover
* Supply chain
* Taxation
* Upgrade

issues
and
ideas|

* Air traffic control
* Brownfield land
* Bus rapid transit
* Carbon footprint
* Congestion pricing
* Containerization
* Ethanol fuel
* Fuel efficiency
* Fuel tax
* Groundwater
* High-speed rail
* Hybrid vehicles
* Land-use planning
* Mobile data terminal
* Pork barrel
* Recycling
* Renewable resources
* Reverse osmosis
* Smart grid
* Smart growth
* Stormwater
* Sustainable urban infrastructure
* Traffic congestion
* Transit-oriented development
* Urban sprawl
* Waste-to-energy
* Weatherization
* Wireless

fields
of study|

* Architecture
* Civil engineering
* Electrical engineering
* Mechanical engineering
* Public economics
* Public policy
* Urban planning

examples|

* Akashi Kaikyō Bridge
* Autobahn
* Brooklyn Bridge
* Bus rapid transit systems
* Channel Tunnel
* Controlled-access highway systems
* Electric power transmission
* High-speed trains
* Hong Kong International Airport
* Hoover Dam
* Humber Bridge
* Kansai International Airport
* Millau Viaduct
* Nuclear power
* Offshore wind farms
* Panama Canal
* Port of Shanghai
* San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
* Suez Canal
* Solar power
* Three Gorges Dam
* Trans-Alaska pipeline
* Transcontinental railroads

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