Cerium(IV) hydroxide

Names
IUPAC name

cerium(4+);tetrahydroxide

Other names

ceric hydroxide

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 12014-56-1 Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChemSpider |

* 21171175

EC Number |

* 234-599-7

PubChem CID

* 10219931

UNII |

* 20GT4M7CWG

InChI

* InChI=1S/Ce.4H2O/h;4*1H2/q+4;;;;/p-4

Key: WTVAYLQYAWAHAX-UHFFFAOYSA-J

SMILES

* [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ce+4]

Properties

Chemical formula

| Ce(OH)4
Appearance  | bright yellow solid
Related compounds

Other cations

| lanthanum hydroxide
praseodymium hydroxide

Related compounds

| cerium(III) hydroxide
cerium dioxide

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Infobox references

Cerium(IV) hydroxide, also known as ceric hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ce(OH)4. It is a yellowish powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in concentrated acids.[1]

## Production

Cerium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting cerium(III) carbonate and acetic acid, then oxidizing it with hydrogen peroxide in base. The reactions are:[2]

Ce2(CO3)3 \+ 6 CH3COOH → 2 Ce(CH3COO)3 \+ 3 CO2↑ + 3 H2O
2 Ce(CH3COO)3 \+ 3 H2O2 \+ 4 H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) + 6 CH3COOH
CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
2 Ce(OH)3(OOH) → 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑

The net equation is：

Ce2(CO3)3 \+ 6 CH3COOH + 3 H2O2 \+ 6 NaOH —343 K→ 2 Ce(OH)4 \+ 6 CH3COONa + O2↑ + 3 CO2↑ + 5 H2O

If using cerium(III) nitrate as ingredient, a similar reaction occurs:[3]

2 Ce(NO3)3 \+ 3 H2O2 \+ 6 NH3·H2O → 2 Ce(OH)3(OOH)↓ + 6 NH4NO3 \+ 2 H2O
Ce(OH)3(OOH) —Δ→ 2 Ce(OH)4↓ + O2↑

It might also prepared by addition of sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to a Ce4+ solution, being obtained as a gelatinous precipitate described as CeO2·xH2O, (x = 0.5–2). Boiling an insoluble Ce4+ salt in NaOH gives granular Ce(OH)4.[1]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. pp. 104. ISBN 978-1-43-981461-1.
2. ↑ 钟学明,邓安民,舒红英 等. 氢氧化铈合成的新方法. 过程工程学报. 2005.2. 5(1):74-77
3. ↑ 李月红，李树胜，方中心. 高纯氢氧化铈生产工艺研究. 无机盐工业. 2011.9. 43(9): 40-42

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Cerium compounds

Cerium(III)|

* CeBr3
* Ce2(CO3)3
* CeCl3
* CeF3
* CeI3
* Ce(OH)3
* Ce2O3
* Ce2(SO4)3
* Ce(NO3)3

| Organocerium(III)|

* Ce(acac)3
* Ce2(C2O4)3
* Ce(CH3SO3)3

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Cerium(III,IV)|

* Ce3O4

Cerium(IV)|

* (NH4)4Ce(SO4)4•2 H2O
* (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6
* CeB6
* Ce(NO3)4
* CeO2
* Ce(SO4)2

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Hydroxides

| H2O |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | He

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LiOH | Be(OH)2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | B | C | NH3.H2O | O | F | Ne
NaOH | Mg(OH)2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Al(OH)3 | Si | P | S | Cl | HArF (ArHF)
KOH | Ca(OH)2 | Sc(OH)3 | Ti | V | Cr(OH)2
Cr(OH)3 | Mn(OH)2 | Fe(OH)2
Fe(OH)3 | Co(OH)2 | Ni(OH)2 | CuOH
Cu(OH)2 | Zn(OH)2 | Ga(OH)3 | Ge(OH)2 | As | Se | Br | Kr
RbOH | Sr(OH)2 | Y(OH)3 | Zr(OH)4 | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | AgOH | Cd(OH)2 | In(OH)3 | Sn(OH)2
Sn(OH)4 | Sb(OH)3 | Te | I | Xe
CsOH | Ba(OH)2 | *  | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au(OH)3 | Hg(OH)2 | TlOH
Tl(OH)3 | Pb(OH)2
Pb(OH)4 | Bi(OH)3 | Po | At | Rn
Fr | Ra | **  | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | ↓ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| * | La(OH)3 | Ce(OH)3 | Pr(OH)3 | Nd(OH)3 | Pm(OH)3 | Sm(OH)3 | Eu(OH)3 | Gd(OH)3 | Tb(OH)3 | Dy(OH)3 | Ho(OH)3 | Er(OH)3 | Tm(OH)3 | Yb(OH)3 | Lu(OH)3 |
| ** | Ac | Th(OH)4 | Pa | UO2(OH)2 | Np | Pu | Am | Cm(OH)3 | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |

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