Environmental policy in Alaska

in  Alaska

* Fiscal
* Budgets
* Alaska state budget and finances
* Tax policy in Alaska
* Finance
* Financial regulation in Alaska
* Pensions
* Public pensions in Alaska
* Pension health in Alaska
* Civil liberties
* Affirmative action in Alaska
* Campaign finance requirements in Alaska
* Campaign finance requirements for Alaska ballot measures
* Nonprofit regulation in Alaska
* Education
* Charter schools in Alaska
* Higher education in Alaska
* Public education in Alaska
* School choice in Alaska
* Elections
* Ballot access
* Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Alaska
* Ballot access requirements for political parties in Alaska
* Political parties in Alaska
* Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Alaska
* Redistricting in Alaska
* Voting in Alaska
* Energy and Environment
* Energy policy in Alaska
* Fracking in Alaska
* Oil and gas extraction on federal land in Alaska
* Endangered species in Alaska
* Environmental policy in Alaska
* Healthcare
* Healthcare policy in Alaska
* Medicaid spending in Alaska
* Effect of the Affordable Care Act in Alaska
* Immigration
* Immigration in Alaska

Environmental policy in Alaska

* * *

Environmental policy in other states
Endangered species in Alaska

* * *

Environmental policy aims to conserve natural resources by balancing environmental protection with economic growth, property rights, public health, and energy production. Federal, state, and local government entities develop and implement environmental policies through laws and regulations. This page features information about environmental policy in Alaska.

## Contents

* 1 Environmental governance in Alaska
* 1.1 Agencies and organizations
* 1.2 Environmental budget
* 2 Air
* 2.1 Clean Air Act
* 2.2 Mercury and air toxics standards
* 2.3 Ozone standards
* 2.4 Clean Power Plan
* 2.5 Carbon dioxide emissions
* 3 Land
* 3.1 Federal land policy
* 3.2 Federal land ownership
* 3.3 Federal land management by agency
* 3.3.1 National parks
* 3.4 Payments in lieu of taxes
* 3.5 Oil and natural gas activity
* 4 Water
* 4.1 Clean Water Act
* 5 Waste
* 5.1 Superfund sites and hazardous waste facilities
* 6 Endangered species
* 6.1 Endangered Species Act
* 7 Environmental ballot measures in Alaska
* 7.1 Natural resources
* 7.2 Environment
* 7.3 Water
* 8 Recent environmental legislation in Alaska
* 9 See also
* 10 External links
* 11 Footnotes

## Environmental governance in Alaska[edit]

### Agencies and organizations[edit]

* The Alaska legislature has two standing committees in both the House and Senate on Resources. Both committees manage bills and hold hearings on issues related to programs and activities at the Alaska Departments of Natural Resources, Fish and Game and Environmental Conservation.
* The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation is responsible for enforcing environmental policy in Alaska. It runs various programs in the areas of air and water quality, spill prevention and response, drinking water quality and waste management.[1]
* The Alaska Department of Natural Resources manages the state's publicly-owned land, water and other resources excepting fish and game. The department is composed of divisions for the management of agriculture, forestry, mining, oil and gas, and the state's parks and recreation areas.[2]

### Environmental budget[edit]

See also: Environmental spending in the 50 states

The table below features annual budget information for the Alaska Environmental Conservation Department from 2011 to 2023:

Environmental and natural resources budget in Alaska, 2011-2023

Fiscal year  | Total spending
2023 | $108,502,700
2022 | $83,528,800
2021 | $72,576,400
2020 | $78,136,900
2019 | $81,285,000
2018 | $73,088,200
2017 | $83,419,200
2016 | $85,353,600
2015 | $87,330,800
2014 | $87,225,600
2013 | $83,600,200
2012 | $79,788,101
2011 | $77,521,600
Source: Alaska Office of Management and Budget

## Air[edit]

### Clean Air Act[edit]

See also: Implementation of the Clean Air Act

The Clean Air Act is a federal law aimed at maintaining air quality and reducing air pollution. The law requires states and private industries to meet national air pollution standards. Each state must implement an EPA-approved plan to reduce air pollutants from industrial facilities such as chemical plants and utilities. Over 47,000 facilities nationwide were regulated under the Clean Air Act as of February 2023.[3][4][5][6]

The table below features information about the number of regulated facilities under the Clean Air Act in Alaska from 2014 to 2023:

Regulated facilities under the Clean Air Act in Alaska, 2014-2023

Year  | Number of EPA-regulated facilities  | Number of state-regulated facilities  | Number of local-regulated facilities  | Total regulated facilities
2023 | 413 | 8 | 0 | 421 |
2022 | 428 | 9 | 0 | 437 |
2021 | 430 | 11 | 0 | 441 |
2020 | 440 | 10 | 0 | 450 |
2019 | 449 | 8 | 0 | 457 |
2018 | 445 | 13 | 0 | 458 |
2017 | 438 | 9 | 0 | 447 |
2016 | 429 | 10 | 0 | 439 |
2015 | 422 | 11 | 0 | 433 |
2014 | 427 | 11 | 0 | 438 |
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "EPA/State Air Dashboard"

### Mercury and air toxics standards[edit]

See also: Mercury and air toxics standards

Citing its authority under the Clean Air Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2011 issued a rule (commonly known as the MATS rule) limiting the amount of mercury and other toxic air pollutants emitted by power plants. Mercury and air toxics standards (MATS) target mercury and other hazardous pollutants from over 580 coal and oil-fired power plants nationwide. The MATS rule was issued by the Obama administration as part of its larger policy limiting emissions from coal-fired power plants.[7]

The EPA later reconsidered the MATS rule and, in 2020, determined "that it is not 'appropriate and necessary' to regulate electric utility steam generating units under section 112 of the Clean Air Act (CAA)."[8]

A 2021 proposed rulemaking from the EPA seeks to revoke the 2020 action and reinstate the MATS rule.[9]

During the period that the MATS rule was in effect, Alaska had ## power plants subject to the mercury standards.[10]

### Ozone standards[edit]

See also: Ground-level ozone standards

Federal ozone standards establish the acceptable amount of ground level ozone, commonly known as smog, which is formed when nitrogen oxide combines with other organic chemicals in the atmosphere. Automobiles, power plants, factories and manufacturing centers emit the nitrogen oxide necessary for ozone formation. In high concentrations, ozone is harmful to human health.[11][12]

EPA in 2015 lowered the acceptable amount of ground-level ozone (smog) in the air. The standards went into effect in 2025. States would have between the years 2020 and 2037 to create and establish a plan to meet the standards, depending how much ozone forms in certain areas of a state.[13][14]

Back to top↑

### Clean Power Plan[edit]

See also: Clean Power Plan and climate change

The EPA in 2015 finalized a regulatory action known as the Clean Power Plan aimed at mitigating what the agency views as potentially human-caused climate change. The plan aims to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from coal\- and oil-fired power plants (fossil fuel-fired) and natural gas-fired power plants by 32 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. Each state would have to meet goals based on the number of fossil fuel- and natural gas-fired plants in the state.[15][16][17]

After several states challenged the plan in court, arguing in part that the plan exceeded the EPA's statutory authority, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit delayed the rule's implementation in June 2016. The Trump administration later moved to replace the Clean Power Plan with the Affordable Clean Energy rule. The D.C. Circuit vacated the Trump-era rule in January 2021, "giving the incoming Biden administration a clean slate for" drafting a new rule, according to Bloomberg.[18][19]

### Carbon dioxide emissions[edit]

The following table provides information about annual carbon dioxide emissions in Alaska from 2010 to 2020:[20]

Carbon dioxide emissions in Alaska, 2010-2020 (in million metric tons of energy-related carbon dioxide)

Year  | Total carbon dioxide emissions
2020 | 36.0
2019 | 34.3
2018 | 34.5
2017 | 33.7
2016 | 33.4
2015 | 35.0
2014 | 33.9
2013 | 34.0
2012 | 36.2
2011 | 37.1
2010 | 37.1
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration

## Land[edit]

### Federal land policy[edit]

See also: Federal land policy

Federal land policy involves the conservation and management of natural resources on land owned by the federal government. Most federal land policies focus on conservation, recreation, oil and natural gas extraction, wildlife and forest management, and grazing.

The federal government as of 2018 owned around 640 million total acres of land (about 28 percent) of the 2.27 billion acres of land in the United States. Four federal agencies (the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the National Park Service (NPS), the Forest Service (FS) oversee public lands for conservation, recreation, wildlife protection, grazing, energy production, and other purposes. The Department of Defense also oversees federal lands used for military, training, and related purposes. The majority of federal land is located in Alaska and 11 coterminous Western states[21]

### Federal land ownership[edit]

See also: Federal land ownership by state

The table below features information about changes in federal land ownership in Alaska from 1990 to 2018:[21]

Change in federal land ownership in Alaska, 1990-2018

Year  | Total federal land (in acres)  | Percentage of state land owned by the federal government
2018 | 222,666,580 | 60.9%
2010 | 225,848,164 | 61.8%
2000 | 237,828,917 | 65.1%
1990 | 245,669,027 | 67.2%
Source: Congressional Research Service

### Federal land management by agency[edit]

The following table features information about federal land management in Alaska by federal agency in 2018:[21]

Federal agency land management in Alaska, 2018

Agency  | Total federal land in state managed by agency (in acres)  | Percentage of total federal land in state
Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | 71,397,880 | 32.1%
Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) | 76,649,320 | 34.4%
National Park Service (NPS) | 52,455,308 | 23.6%
Forest Service (FS) | 22,138,560 | 9.9%
Department of Defense (DoD) | 25,512 | 0.0%
Source: Congressional Research Service

#### National parks[edit]

The U.S. National Park Service (NPS) as of February 2023 oversaw what the agency describes as 424 units (often referred to as parks) and more than 150 related areas within the National Park System. The agency assists in managing national historic areas, wild and scenic rivers, historic landmarks, and national trails. The National Park System contained more than 85 million acres as of February 2023, including national parks, historical parks and sites, national monuments, battlefields and military parks, recreation areas, seashores, and parkways. More than 297 million visitors attended sites in the National Park System in 2021. NPS employed around 20,000 permanent, temporary, and seasonal employees as of February 2023.[22][23][24]

NPS operated 23 national parks in Alaska as of February 2023.[25]

The following table features visitation statistics for national parks in Alaska from 2017 to 2021.[26]

National Park Service visitation in Alaska, 2017-2021

Year  | Total recreation visits
2021 | 1,001,956
2020 | 406,688
2019 | 3,218,301
2018 | 2,920,249
2017 | 2,786,065
Source: U.S. National Park Service

### Payments in lieu of taxes[edit]

See also: Payments in lieu of taxes

The U.S. Department of the Interior pays local governments each year to offset what they lose in property taxes due to non-taxable federal land within their borders, commonly known as payments in lieu of taxes (PILT). PILT payments go toward fire and police departments, public schools, road construction, and other local services. PILT amounts are based on population and the amount of federal land in a county. From 1977 (when PILT payments began) to 2022, the Interior Department paid out around $10.8 billion to states, territories, and Washington, D.C. PILT payments can be used for any governmental purpose.[27][28]

The following table features information about payments in lieu of taxes received by local governments in Alaska from 2017 to 2021.[29]

Total payments in lieu of taxes, Alaska, 2017-2021

Year  | Total payments in lieu of taxes
2022 | $33,486,098
2021 | $32,219,322
2020 | $31,683,971
2019 | $30,941,006
2018 | $32,308,994
Source: U.S. National Park Service

### Oil and natural gas activity[edit]

See also: Oil and natural gas extraction on federal land and BLM oil and gas leases by state

The federal government leases its land to private individuals and companies for energy development, including drilling for crude oil and natural gas, solar energy, and geothermal energy. Oil and natural gas drilling on federal lands in the United States is primarily overseen by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. Private oil and natural gas companies apply for leases from the BLM to produce energy on federal land. About 26 million acres of federal land—12.8 million of which produced oil and gas in economic quantities—were leased to about 24,000 oil and gas developers operating 96,000 wells at the end of fiscal year 2018.[30]

The following table features information about oil and natural gas activity on federal land in Alaska from 2017 to 2021:[31][32]

Oil and natural gas activity on federal land in Alaska, 2017-2021

Year  | Oil production (in thousands of barrels)  | Natural gas production (in million cubic feet)  | Total leases in state  | Total leased acres in state
2021 | 830,089 | 13,233,556 | 333 | 2,640,783
2020 | 953,212 | 17,339,631 | 336 | 2,631,070
2019 | 1,280,420 | 18,449,806 | 244 | 1,579,834
2018 | 1,033,899 | 15,315,703 | 238 | 1,490,733
2017 | 1,057,576 | 16,042,898 | 229 | 1,484,339
Source: U.S. National Park Service

## Water[edit]

### Clean Water Act[edit]

See also: Implementation of the Clean Water Act

The Clean Water Act is a federal law regulating pollutants discharged into all waters of the United States, including lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands. The federal government approves water quality and technology standards for major sources of water pollution, such as chemical plants, steel manufacturers, municipal facilities, and others. Each state must establish water quality standards for all bodies of water within its boundaries.[33]

Under the Clean Water Act, it is unlawful to discharge any pollutant from any source into navigable waters without a federal permit. The permit specifies what limitations or conditions apply to a facility before the facility may discharge any pollutants. Federal permits may contain facility-specific requirements and limitations depending on the water source.[34]

The following table provides information about the number of Alaska facilities subject to regulation under the Clean Water Act from 2014 to 2023:[35]

Clean Water Act permits, Alaska, 2014-2023

Year  | Number of facilities
2023 | 2,161
2022 | 2,505
2021 | 2,166
2020 | 1,752
2019 | 1,734
2018 | 1,685
2017 | 1,734
2016 | 1,792
2015 | 1,778
2014 | 1,543
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "National Water Activity Dashboard"

## Waste[edit]

### Superfund sites and hazardous waste facilities[edit]

See also: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act

Superfund is a federal program that addresses contaminated waste sites and their return to practical use. Superfund sites include oil refineries, smelting facilities, mines and other industrial areas. The federal government can compel the private entities responsible for a waste site to clean the site or face penalties. If the federal government cleans a waste site, it can compel the responsible company to reimburse the government for cleanup costs. Because Superfund sites are added and removed from a prioritized list on a regular basis, the total number of Superfund sites since the program's inception in 1980 is unknown.[36][37][38]

The federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act covers hazardous wastes, including their generation, treatment, storage and disposal. States may regulate hazardous wastes rather than the federal government. The EPA is responsible for all hazardous waste requirements if no state program exists. Hazardous waste regulations cover waste generators, transporters, treatment centers, storage and disposal facilities.[39]

Alaska had 6 Superfund sites and 1,438 regulated hazardous waste facilities as of February 2023.[40][41]

## Endangered species[edit]

### Endangered Species Act[edit]

See also: Endangered species in Alaska

The Endangered Species Act is a federal law that mandates the listing and conservation of endangered and threatened species. The legislation aims to prevent the extinction of vulnerable species throughout the United States and to recover a species' population to the point where listing the species as endangered or threatened is no longer necessary. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for the law's implementation.[12][42]

Alaska had 12 federally listed endangered or threatened plant or animal species as of February 2023. To view the full list,  click here.[43]

## Environmental ballot measures in Alaska[edit]

The following list features historical information about ballot measures relating to environmental issues in Alaska.

#### Natural resources[edit]

* Alaska Oil Tax Cuts Veto Referendum, Ballot Measure 1 (August 2014)
* Alaska Ballot Measure 1, Salmon Habitat Protections and Permits Initiative (2018)
* Alaska Ballot Measure 1, North Slope Oil Production Tax Increase Initiative (2020)

#### Environment[edit]

* Alaska Pollution Zone Act (2008)
* Alaska Coastal Management Question, Ballot Measure 2 (August 2012)
* Alaska Bristol Bay Mining Ban, Ballot Measure 4 (2014)
* Alaska Ballot Measure 1, Salmon Habitat Protections and Permits Initiative (2018)

#### Water[edit]

Ballotpedia staff have tracked no ballot measures relating to water in Alaska

Back to top↑

## Recent environmental legislation in Alaska[edit]

The following list features information about environmental bills that have been introduced in or passed by the Alaska State Legislature in the last five years. To learn more about these bills, click the bill title. This information is provided by BillTrack50 and LegiScan.

Note: Due to the nature of the sorting process used to generate this list, some results may not be relevant to the topic. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation pertaining to this topic has been introduced in the legislature recently.

## See also[edit]

* Endangered species in Alaska
* Energy policy in Alaska
* Federal land policy
* Federal land ownership by state
* U.S. Bureau of Land Management
* U.S. Department of the Interior
* U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
* U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
* U.S. National Park Service

## External links[edit]

* Search Google News for this topic
* Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
* U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

## Footnotes[edit]

1. ↑ Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, "Home page," accessed December 1, 2014
2. ↑ Alaska Department of Natural Resources, "About DNR," accessed December 1, 2014
3. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Clean Air Act Requirements and History," accessed August 7, 2014
4. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Understanding the Clean Air Act," accessed August 7, 2014
5. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "History of the Clean Air Act," accessed August 7, 2014
6. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Analyze Trends: EPA/State Air Dashboard," accessed February 9, 2023
7. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Basic Information on Mercury and Air Toxics Standards," accessed January 5, 2015
8. ↑ EPA, "Final Revised Supplemental Finding and Results of the Residual Risk and Technology Review," accessed February 2, 2023
9. ↑ EPA, "Proposed Revocation of the 2020 Reconsideration and Affirmation of the Appropriate and Necessary Supplemental Finding," accessed February 2, 2023
10. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Power Plants Likely Covered by the Toxics Rule," accessed January 19, 2016
11. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Ground Level Ozone: Regulatory Actions," accessed February 2, 2016
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Overview of EPA's Proposal to Update the Air Quality Standards for Ground-Level Ozone," November 25, 2014 Cite error: Invalid `<ref>` tag; name "overview" defined multiple times with different content
13. ↑ Washington Examiner, "EPA tries to appease green groups mad about ozone rules," October 1, 2015
14. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Ground Level Ozone by the numbers," accessed February 2, 2016
15. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Overview of the Clean Power Plan," accessed November 3, 2015
16. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Clean Power Plan Toolbox for States," accessed November 3, 2015
17. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Clean Power Plan - Rule Summary," August 3, 2015
18. ↑ The Hill, "Supreme Court climate fight shakes up Senate races," February 10, 2016
19. ↑ Bloomberg, "EPA’s Industry-Friendly Climate Rule Struck Down by Court (3)," January 19, 2021
20. ↑ U.S. Energy Information Administration, "Energy-Related CO2 Emission Data Tables," accessed February 3, 2023
21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 Congressional Research Service, "Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data," December 29, 2014
22. ↑ U.S. National Park Service, "About Us," accessed February 7, 2023
23. ↑ National Park Service, "Visitation Numbers," accessed February 7, 2023
24. ↑ National Park Service, "Organizational Structure of the National Park Service," accessed February 7, 2023
25. ↑ National Park Service, "Alaska," accessed February 7, 2023
26. ↑ U.S. National Park Service, "Visitation By State and By Park (2017 - Last Calendar Year)," accessed February 7, 2023
27. ↑ U.S. Department of the Interior, "Payment in Lieu of Taxes," accessed February 1, 2023
28. ↑ U.S. Department of the Interior, "Frequently Asked Questions," accessed February 8, 2016
29. ↑ U.S. National Park Service, "Payment in Lieu of Taxes," accessed February 7, 2023
30. ↑ Bureau of Land Management, "About the BLM Oil and Gas Program," accessed February 7, 2023
31. ↑ U.S. Department of the Interior, "Natural Resources Revenue Data," accessed February 7, 2023
32. ↑ Bureau of Land Management, "Oil and Gas Statistics," accessed February 7, 2023
33. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Summary of the Clean Water Act,” accessed January 29, 2014
34. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "NPDES Home," accessed September 23, 2014
35. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Analyze Trends: EPA/State Wastewater Dashboard," accessed February 9, 2023
36. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Superfund Glossary, S," accessed December 1, 2014
37. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Superfund Glossary, N," accessed November 25, 2014
38. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Introduction to the Hazard Ranking System (HRS)," accessed February 17, 2015
39. ↑ U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)," accessed August 11, 2014
40. ↑ Environmental Protection Agency, "National Priorities List (NPL) Sites - by State," accessed February 9, 2023
41. ↑ Environmental Protection Agency, "Analyze Trends: EPA/State Hazardous Waste Dashboard," accessed February 9, 2023
42. ↑ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, "ESA Overview," accessed October 1, 2014
43. ↑ U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, "Listed species believed to or known to occur in each State," accessed February 9, 2023

[[Category:Environmental policy information by state

Ballotpedia

About

Overview • What people are saying • Support Ballotpedia • Contact • Contribute • Job opportunities

* * *

Executive: Leslie Graves, Founder and CEO • Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer

Communications: Alison Graves, Director of Communications • Carley Allensworth • Abigail Campbell • Sarah Groat • Nathaniel Harwood • Dillon Redmond
External Relations:  Geoff Pallay, Director of External Relations • Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy • Ashley Fleming • Thomas Mardik • Hannah Nelson
Operations: Meghann Olshefski, Director of Operations • Amanda Herbert • Mandy Morris • Caroline Presnell • Kelly Rindfleisch
Tech: Matt Latourelle, Director of Technology Operations • Ryan Burch • Kirsten Corrao • Beth Dellea • Travis Eden • Tate Kamish • Margaret Kearney • Eric Lotto • Joseph Sanchez • Mary Susmitha

Contributors: Scott Rasmussen

* * *

Editorial Content

Josh Altic, Director of Content • Daniel Anderson, Associate Director of Elections & Data • Cory Eucalitto, Associate Director of Features • Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor of Ballot Measures • Mandy McConnell, Managing Editor of News • Doug Kronaizl, Managing Editor of Local Expansion • Abbey Smith, Managing Editor of Elections • Janie Valentine, Managing Editor of Law • Joel Williams, Managing Editor of Events • Joseph Greaney, Managing Editor of Policy • Andrew Bahl • Jaclyn Beran • Marielle Bricker • Joseph Brusgard • Emma Burlingame • Kelly Coyle • Jon Dunn • Victoria Edwards • Thomas Ellis • Nicole Fisher • Thomas Grobben • Brianna Hosea • Molly Kehoe • Tyler King • Glorie Martinez • Norm Leahy, Senior Editor • Nathan Maxwell • Brandon McCauley • Andrew McNair • Ellie Mikus • Mackenzie Murphy • Kaley Platek • Samantha Post • Adam Powell • Annelise Reinwald • Spencer Richardson • Victoria Rose • Briana Ryan • Myj Saintyl • Maddy Salucka • Emma Soukup • Alexis Thacker • Mina Vogel • Samuel Wonacott • Trenton Woodcox • Heather Yates

v • e

Environmental Policy

Background|

Environmental policy in the United States • Clean Air Act • Clean Water Act • Conservation • Endangered Species Act • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • Enforcement at the EPA • Glossary of environmental terms • Energy and environmental news

* * *

Energy and environmental news|

January 2015 • February 2015 • March 2015 • April 2015 • May 2015 • June 2015 • July 2015 • August 2015 • September 2015 • October 2015 • November 2015 • December 2015

* * *

Environmental terms|

Air pollutants • Air Quality Index • BLM grazing permit • Carbon dioxide • Carbon footprint • Clean Air Act • Clean Water Act • Climate change • ConservAmerica • Cross State Air Pollution Rule • Deep ecology • Ecology • Endangered species • Implementation of the Endangered Species Act • Environmental chemistry • Environmental engineering • Environmental health • Environmental restoration • Environmental science • Federal land • Fracking • Greenhouse effect • Greenhouse gas • Ground-level ozone standards • Ground water • Hazardous air pollutant • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change • Keystone XL • Mercury and air toxics standards • Municipal solid waste • National Ambient Air Quality Standards • National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System • National Priorities List of Superfund sites • National Wildlife Federation • Natural resources • Nonpoint source of water pollution • Oil • Ozone • Pesticide • Petroleum • Point source of water pollution • Public water system • Radioactive waste • Renewable energy resources • Renewable Portfolio Standards • Solar energy • State park • Superfund • Traditional energy resources • U.S. Bureau of Land Management • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service • U.S. Forest Service • U.S. Geological Survey • Wastewater treatment • Water quality criteria • Wetland • Wilderness Act • Wilderness Society • Wind energy

* * *

Endangered species terms|

Candidate species • Critical habitat • Delisting • Distinct population segment • Endangered species • Listed species • Listing a species • Listing petition • Species recovery • Taking a species

* * *

Environmental policy by state|

Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming

* * *

Endangered species policy|

Costs of listing a species • Delisting a species • Endangered Species Act litigation • Endangered species policy in the United States • Endangered Species Act litigation • History of the Endangered Species Act • Private property and the Endangered Species Act • Science and the Endangered Species Act • Success rate of the Endangered Species Act • Transparency and the Endangered Species Act

* * *

Endangered species policy by state|

Alabama • Alaska • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Connecticut • Delaware • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Idaho • Illinois • Indiana • Iowa • Kansas • Kentucky • Louisiana • Maine • Maryland • Massachusetts • Michigan • Minnesota • Mississippi • Missouri • Montana • Nebraska • Nevada • New Hampshire • New Jersey • New Mexico • New York • North Carolina • North Dakota • Ohio • Oklahoma • Oregon • Pennsylvania • Rhode Island • South Carolina • South Dakota • Tennessee • Texas • Utah • Vermont • Virginia • Washington • West Virginia • Wisconsin • Wyoming

* * *

Environmental statistics|

Payments in lieu of taxes • Land ownership by state • Grazing permits on BLM lands • Federal land ownership by state • BLM oil and gas permits by state • Environmental spending in the 50 states • Greenhouse gas emissions by state • Superfund sites in the United States • National Park Visitor Spending Effects Report

* * *

Endangered species statistics|

Endangered species by state • Endangered animals by state • Endangered plants by state • Delisted species • Top 20 federally funded species • Land acquisition funding for endangered species • Federal endangered species grants by state

* * *

Ballotpedia

About

Overview • What people are saying • Support Ballotpedia • Contact • Contribute • Job opportunities

* * *

Executive: Leslie Graves, Founder and CEO • Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer

Communications: Alison Graves, Director of Communications • Carley Allensworth • Abigail Campbell • Sarah Groat • Nathaniel Harwood • Dillon Redmond
External Relations:  Geoff Pallay, Director of External Relations • Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy • Ashley Fleming • Thomas Mardik • Hannah Nelson
Operations: Meghann Olshefski, Director of Operations • Amanda Herbert • Mandy Morris • Caroline Presnell • Kelly Rindfleisch
Tech: Matt Latourelle, Director of Technology Operations • Ryan Burch • Kirsten Corrao • Beth Dellea • Travis Eden • Tate Kamish • Margaret Kearney • Eric Lotto • Joseph Sanchez • Mary Susmitha

Contributors: Scott Rasmussen

* * *

Editorial Content

Josh Altic, Director of Content • Daniel Anderson, Associate Director of Elections & Data • Cory Eucalitto, Associate Director of Features • Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor of Ballot Measures • Mandy McConnell, Managing Editor of News • Doug Kronaizl, Managing Editor of Local Expansion • Abbey Smith, Managing Editor of Elections • Janie Valentine, Managing Editor of Law • Joel Williams, Managing Editor of Events • Joseph Greaney, Managing Editor of Policy • Andrew Bahl • Jaclyn Beran • Marielle Bricker • Joseph Brusgard • Emma Burlingame • Kelly Coyle • Jon Dunn • Victoria Edwards • Thomas Ellis • Nicole Fisher • Thomas Grobben • Brianna Hosea • Molly Kehoe • Tyler King • Glorie Martinez • Norm Leahy, Senior Editor • Nathan Maxwell • Brandon McCauley • Andrew McNair • Ellie Mikus • Mackenzie Murphy • Kaley Platek • Samantha Post • Adam Powell • Annelise Reinwald • Spencer Richardson • Victoria Rose • Briana Ryan • Myj Saintyl • Maddy Salucka • Emma Soukup • Alexis Thacker • Mina Vogel • Samuel Wonacott • Trenton Woodcox • Heather Yates