Tenth Amendment

The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution states:

“  |  The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.  |  ”

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The First Congress proposed the Tenth Amendment as a part of the Bill of Rights. The Tenth Amendment is similar to an earlier provision of the Articles of Confederation: "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled."[1] The Tenth Amendment differs from this provision by omitting the word "expressly" and including the phrase "or to the people." Because of this, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Tenth Amendment as not overriding the "necessary and proper" clause to give the federal government a certain amount of implicit powers.

With the rise of big government, the centralization of the federal government, and the growing power of federal courts, the Tenth Amendment has become increasingly ignored. Many conservative organizations, such as the Tenth Amendment Center, continue supporting enforcing the Tenth Amendment.

## Contents

* 1 See also
* 2 Bibliography and further reading
* 3 References
* 4 External links

## See also[edit]

* States' rights
* Federalism
* Subsidiarity
* Self-governance
* Tenther movement

## Bibliography and further reading[edit]

* Kilpatrick, James J., The Sovereign States: Notes of a Citizen of Virginia. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, (1957); Conservative pro-states' rights book

## References[edit]

1. ↑ http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/artconf.asp Retrieved January 8, 2015.

## External links[edit]

* Tenth Amendment Center
* Exploring Constitutional
* Missouri Sovereignty Project "Institutionalizing" the 10th Amendment into the populace and political fabrics of Missouri.
* States' Rights in Encyclopedia Virginia
* A copy of transcript of Florida's 1957 Interposition Resolution, made available for public use by the State Archives of Florida

> Amendments to the Constitution of the United States of America

> Bill of Rights:
>  1 \- Freedom of speech, press, religion, etc.
>  2 \- Right to bear arms
>  3 \- Quartering of soldiers
>  4 \- Warrants
>  5 \- Due process
>  6 \- Right to a speedy trial
>  7 \- Right by trial of a jury
>  8 \- No cruel or unusual punishments
>  9 \- Unenumerated rights
>  10 \- Power to the people and states

> * * *

> 11 \- Immunity of states to foreign suits
>  12 \- Revision of presidential election procedures
>  13 \- Abolition of slavery
>  14 \- Citizenship
>  15 \- Racial suffrage
>  16 \- Federal income tax
>  17 \- Direct election of the United States Senate
>  18 \- Prohibition of alcohol
>  19 \- Women's suffrage
>  20 \- Terms of the presidency
>  21 \- Repeal of Eighteenth Amendment
>  22 \- Limits the president to two terms
>  23 \- District of Columbia Voting for President
>  24 \- Prohibition of poll taxes
>  25 \- Presidential disabilities
>  26 \- Voting age lowered to 18
>  27 \- Variance of congressional compensation