Preboreal oscillation

Short description: Cooling period during the preboreal stage

The preboreal oscillation (PBO) was a short cooling period within the preboreal stage of the Holocene epoch.

## Definition

Based on evidence from pollen, early Holocene cooling periods have been discovered already from the 1960s on. Locally, they were referred to as ‘Friesland Oscillation’ (Denmark [1]), ‘Youngest Dryas’ (Germany [2]), ‘Rammelbeek Phase’ (Netherlands [3]), and ‘Piottino Oscillation’ (Switzerland [4]). The term "preboreal oscillation" was derived from attempts to synchronize these events.[5][6]

## Dating

The Greenland ice cores record a distinct decline in stable oxygen isotope data dated to 11 650–11 270 ice layer a BP (11 700–11 320 b2k) with the coldest part between 11 470 and 11 350 ice layer a BP (11 520–11 400 b2k) labelled as the ‘11.4 ka event’.[7]

In lake sedimentary records, the exact timing and duration of the PBO remain uncertain because of dating uncertainties due to two early Holocene radiocarbon plateau and unclear proxy evidence. [8][9] Two ash layers derived from volcanic eruptions are frequently used as time markers for the PBO: the Askja-S and Hässeldalen tephras shortly before and after the event. [10] The ages of these layers were constrained to 11.228 ± 226 cal a BP and 11.380 ± 216 cal a BP, framing the cold event to a maximum duration of 152 +11/-8 years by varve counting. [11]

## References

1. ↑ Iversen, Johs. (1973-12-31). "Geology of Denmark III: The Development of Denmark's Nature since the Last Glacial". Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse V. Række 7: 1–126. doi:10.34194/raekke5.v7.7020. ISSN 2597-3037. https://geusjournals.org/index.php/raekke5/article/view/7020.
2. ↑ Behre, Karl-Ernst (1978). "Die Klimaschwankungen im europäischen Präboreal". Petermans geographische Mitteilungen 2: 97–102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259339969.
3. ↑ Bos, Johanna A.A.; van Geel, Bas; van der Plicht, Johannes; Bohncke, Sjoerd J.P. (2007). "Preboreal climate oscillations in Europe: Wiggle-match dating and synthesis of Dutch high-resolution multi-proxy records" (in en). Quaternary Science Reviews 26 (15–16): 1927–1950. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.09.012. Bibcode: 2007QSRv...26.1927B. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379107001990.
4. ↑ Zoller, H. (1960). "Pollenanalytische Untersuchungen zur Vegetationsgeschichte der insubrischen Schweiz.". Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 83: 45–156.
5. ↑ Lowe, J. John; Ammann, B.; Birks, H. H.; Björck, S.; Coope, G. R.; Cwynar, L.; de Beaulieu, J.-L.; Mott, R. J. et al. (1994). "Climatic changes in areas adjacent to the North Atlantic during the last glacial-interglacial transition (14-9 ka BP): A contribution to IGCP-253" (in en). Journal of Quaternary Science 9 (2): 185–198. doi:10.1002/jqs.3390090215. Bibcode: 1994JQS.....9..185L. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3390090215.
6. ↑ Björck, Svante; Kromer, Bernd; Johnsen, Sigfus; Bennike, Ole; Hammarlund, Dan; Lemdahl, Geoffrey; Possnert, Göran; Rasmussen, Tine Lander et al. (1996). "Synchronized Terrestrial Atmospheric Deglacial Records Around the North Atlantic" (in en). Science 274 (5290): 1155–1160. doi:10.1126/science.274.5290.1155. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 8895457. Bibcode: 1996Sci...274.1155B. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.274.5290.1155.
7. ↑ Rasmussen, Sune O.; Bigler, Matthias; Blockley, Simon P.; Blunier, Thomas; Buchardt, Susanne L.; Clausen, Henrik B.; Cvijanovic, Ivana; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe et al. (2014). "A stratigraphic framework for abrupt climatic changes during the Last Glacial period based on three synchronized Greenland ice-core records: refining and extending the INTIMATE event stratigraphy" (in en). Quaternary Science Reviews 106: 14–28. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.007. Bibcode: 2014QSRv..106...14R. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266562847.
8. ↑ Björck, S.; Rundgren, M.; Ingólfsson, Ó.; Funder, S. (1997). <455::AID-JQS316>3.0.CO;2-S "The Preboreal oscillation around the Nordic Seas: terrestrial and lacustrine responses". Journal of Quaternary Science 12 (6): 455–465. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199711/12)12:6<455::AID-JQS316>3.0.CO;2-S. Bibcode: 1997JQS....12..455B. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199711/12)12:6<455::AID-JQS316>3.0.CO;2-S.
9. ↑ Hoek, Wim Z.; Bos, Johanna A.A. (2007). "Early Holocene climate oscillations—causes and consequences" (in en). Quaternary Science Reviews 26 (15–16): 1901–1906. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.06.008. Bibcode: 2007QSRv...26.1901H. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379107001679.
10. ↑ Wohlfarth, B.; Blaauw, M.; Davies, S. M.; Andersson, M.; Wastegård, S.; Hormes, A.; Possnert, G. (2006). "Constraining the age of Lateglacial and early Holocene pollen zones and tephra horizons in southern Sweden with Bayesian probability methods.". Journal of Quaternary Science 21 (4): 321–334. doi:10.1002/jqs.996. Bibcode: 2006JQS....21..321W. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/ws/files/2788037/Wohlfarth_et_al_2006_JQS.pdf.
11. ↑ Ott, Florian; Wulf, Sabine; Serb, Johanna; Słowiński, Michał; Obremska, Milena; Tjallingii, Rik; Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław; Brauer, Achim (2016). "Constraining the time span between the Early Holocene Hässeldalen and Askja-S Tephras through varve counting in the Lake Czechowskie sediment record, Poland: VARVE COUNTING BETWEEN THE HÄSSELDALEN AND AKSJA-S TEPHRA" (in en). Journal of Quaternary Science 31 (2): 103–113. doi:10.1002/jqs.2844. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.2844.

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