Digital Systems

Short description: Technology development company

Digital Systems Inc., was an American accounting service and technology development company active between 1966[1] and 1979.[1] It was founded by John Q. Torode in Seattle, Washington.[2][3][1][4][5] The company was reorganized into the microcomputer design and development company Digital Microsystems, Inc. (DMS),[5] Oakland, USA, founded in 1979.[6] In 1984, it was sold to the new UK operation Digital Microsystems Ltd. (DML) (owned by Extel Group Plc)[7] and finally ended its US operations in 1986.[1][5] Without Torode, Digital Microsystems Ltd.'s product HiNet (Hierarchical Integration Network) was sold to Apricot Computers Plc in 1987.[8] In 1986, Torode founded a new company, IC Designs, Inc., based partly on Theodore "Ted" H. Kehl's VLSI technology at the University of Washington (UW),[1][9] which was bought by Cypress Semiconductor Corp. in 1993.[9]

## References

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "UW CSE Alumnus John Torode founds IC Designs". University of Washington. 1996. https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~lazowska/impact/torode.html.
2. ↑ "The History of CP/M, The Evolution of an Industry: One Person's Viewpoint". Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia. January 1980. pp. 6–7. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/CPM_history_kildall.txt. "[…] The first commercial licensing of CP/M took place in 1975 with contracts between Digital Systems and Omron of America for use in their intelligent terminal, and with Lawrence Livermore Laboratories where CP/M was used to monitor programs in the Octopus network. Little attention was paid to CP/M for about a year. In my spare time, I worked to improve overall facilities […] By this time, CP/M had been adapted for four different controllers. […]"
3. ↑ Computer Connections: People, Places, and Events in the Evolution of the Personal Computer Industry (Manuscript, part 1). Kildall Family. 2016-08-02. http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/computer-history-museum-license-agreement-for-the-kildall-manuscript/. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
4. ↑ "In His Own Words: Gary Kildall". Remarkable People. Computer History Museum. 2016-08-02. http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/in-his-own-words-gary-kildall/.
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Johnson, Herbert "Herb" R., ed (2018-06-07). "CP/M and Digital Research Inc. (DRI) History - References". New Jersey, USA. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/d_dri_refs.html.
6. ↑ "The Executive Microcomputer Conference & Exposition (EMCE)". InfoWorld - The Newsweekly for Microcomputer Users (Popular Computing, Inc.) 5 (25): pp. 22–23. 1983-06-20. ISSN 0199-6649. https://books.google.com/books?id=zC8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA22. "[…] Digital Microsystems, Inc. […] Embarcadero, Oakland, CA […] Digital Microsystems (DMS), originally Digital Systems, was founded in 1975 by Dr. John Torode who designed the first floppy disk subsystem for use on a micro. In 1974, DMS collaborated with Gary Kildall (Digital Research's founder) to design and implement the first microcomputer disk operating system, CP/M. […]"
7. ↑ Johnson, Herbert "Herb" R., ed (2011-06-20). "Steve Kline of Digital Micro Systems". New Jersey, USA. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/digital_systems_kline.html.
8. ↑ "Digital Systems, Digital Microsystems". New Jersey, USA. 2011-06-13. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/digital_systems_products.html.
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Remembering Ted Kehl". Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering. University of Washington. 2019-02-27. https://news.cs.washington.edu/2019/02/27/remembering-ted-kehl/.

## Further reading

* Johnson, Herbert "Herb" R., ed (2019-08-25). "Dr. Torode's Digital Systems floppy controller products". New Jersey, USA. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/torode_designs.html.
* Johnson, Herbert "Herb" R., ed (2019-08-25). "Dr. Torode, his floppy controller, and Digital Systems". New Jersey, USA. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/torode_origins.html.
* "30 years of CP/M". New Jersey, USA. June 2011. http://www.retrotechnology.com/dri/cpm_presentation.html.

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