Peking (ship)

Short description: Steel-hulled four-masted barque

Peking

Peking

History
German Empire
Name| Peking
Namesake| City of Beijing
Owner| F. Laeisz
Route| Europe–Chile
Builder| Blohm & Voss, Steinwerder, Hamburg
Yard number| 205[1]
Launched| 25 February 1911[1]
Completed| May 1911[1]
Out of service| 1920
Notes| Interned at Valparaiso 1914–1920,[1] then to Italy as war reparations
Kingdom of Italy
In service| 1920
Out of service| 1923
Weimar Republic
Name| Peking
Operator| F. Laeisz
Route| Europe–Chile
Acquired| 1923
Out of service| 1932
United Kingdom
Name| Arethusa
Owner| Shaftesbury Homes
In service| 1932–1940, 1945–1975
Out of service| 1975
Homeport| Upnor, Medway
United Kingdom
Name| HMS Pekin
Operator| Royal Navy
Commissioned| 1940
Decommissioned| 1945
United States
Name| Peking
Owner| South Street Seaport Museum
Acquired| 1975
Out of service| 2017
Homeport| New York City
Status| Museum ship
Germany
Name| Peking
Owner| German Port Museum
Acquired| 2017
In service| 2020
Homeport| Hamburg
Status| Museum ship
General characteristics
Class and type:|  Flying P-Liner
Displacement:|  3,100 long tons (3,150 t)
Length:|

* 377 ft 6 in (115.06 m) sparred length
* 320 ft (98 m) length on deck

Beam:|  45 ft 7 in (13.89 m)
Height:|  170 ft 6 in (51.97 m)
Draft:|  16 ft (4.9 m)
Sail plan:|  44,132 sq ft (4,100.0 m2) sail area

Peking is a steel-hulled four-masted barque. A so-called Flying P-Liner of the Germany company F. Laeisz, it was one of the last generation of cargo-carrying iron-hulled sailing ships used in the nitrate trade and wheat trade around Cape Horn.

## Contents

* 1 History
* 1.1 Nitrate trade
* 1.2 Arethusa II
* 1.3 Museum ship in New York
* 1.4 Return to Germany
* 1.5 Refurbishment in Germany
* 2 In popular culture
* 3 See also
* 4 Citations
* 5 Bibliography
* 6 External links

## History

### Nitrate trade

Peking was launched in February 1911 and left Hamburg for her maiden voyage to Valparaiso in May of the same year. After the outbreak of World War I she was interned at Valparaiso and remained in Chile for the duration of the war. Awarded to the Kingdom of Italy as war reparations, she was sold back to her original owners, the Laeisz brothers, in January 1923. She remained in the nitrate trade until traffic through the Panama Canal proved quicker and more economical.

### Arethusa II

In 1932, she was sold for £6,250 to Shaftesbury Homes. She was first towed to Greenhithe, renamed Arethusa II and moored alongside the existing Arethusa I. In July 1933, she was moved to a new permanent mooring off Upnor on the River Medway, where she served as a children's home and training school. She was officially "opened" by Prince George on 25 July 1933. During World War II she served in the Royal Navy as HMS Pekin.

### Museum ship in New York

Arethusa II was retired in 1974 and sold to Jack Aron as Peking, for the South Street Seaport Museum in New York City , where she remained for the next four decades. However, the Seaport NYC did not see Peking as part of its long-term operational plans, and was planning to send the vessel to the scrap yard. A 2012 offer to return the ship to Hamburg, where she was originally built, as a gift from the city of New York, was contingent upon raising an endowment in Germany to ensure the preservation of the vessel.[2]

### Return to Germany

In November 2015 the Maritim Foundation purchased the ship for US$100. Peking is intended to become part of the German Port Museum (Deutsches Hafenmuseum) at Schuppen 52 in Hamburg for which €120 million of federal funds would be provided.[3][2] She was taken to Caddell Drydock, Staten Island, on 7 September 2016, to spend the winter.[4] On 14 July 2017 she was loaded on the deck of the semi-submersible heavy-lift ship Combi Dock III for transport across the Atlantic,[5] at a cost of some €1 million, arriving at Brunsbüttel on 30 July 2017.

### Refurbishment in Germany

On 2 August 2017 she was transferred to Peters Werft, located at Wewelsfleth, for a three-year refurbishment at a cost of €38 million.[3] The restoration included review of rigging, double floor steel plates, dismounting and remount of all masts, docking in dry dock, renewal of the steel structure, removal of the cement that filled the lower three and a half metres (11 ft) of the hull, painting, woodwork and overall refurbishment. The ship twice spent about two years in dry dock. Peking was refloated on 7 September 2018 with a primer-painted hull. Teak was reinstalled on deck. The ship was transferred on 7 September 2020 to the German Port Museum.[6][7]

## In popular culture

* "Around the Wild Cape Horn" from Ralph McTell's album Somewhere Down the Road is about Peking.
* Tom Lewis's song "Peking" on the album Mixed Cargo is about Peking.
* The ship was the setting for the 1965 Margaret Rutherford film Murder Ahoy as "HMS Battledore".

## See also

* Padua – still active as a sail training ship under Russian flag as Kruzenshtern. Unique among them in having been motorised.
* Pamir – lost 1957 in the Atlantic
* Passat – museum ship in Germany, and sister ship to Peking
* Pommern – museum ship in Finland
* Other preserved barques
* Falls of Clyde
* Glenlee – museum ship in Glasgow
* Balclutha
* Star of India
* Moshulu
* James Craig
* Elissa
* Sigyn – the last wooden barque in original configuration

## Citations

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Haworth, R B. "Peking". Wellington NZ: Miramar. http://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/1163371.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Maritim Museum". https://www.stiftung-hamburg-maritim.de/ueber-uns/vorstand.html.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sailing Ship veteran's three-year restoration
4. ↑ How this departing South Street Seaport Gem survived the Storm of the Century (New York Post, 5 September 2016).
5. ↑ "Tall Ship Peking Loaded Whole into a Larger Vessel | Waterfront Alliance" (in en-US). 2017-07-21. https://waterfrontalliance.org/2017/07/21/tall-ship-peking-loaded-whole-into-a-larger-vessel/.
6. ↑ "Peking" im Dock: Arbeit fängt jetzt richtig an
7. ↑ Peking in Hamburg

## Bibliography

* Johnson, Irving. Round the Horn in a Square Rigger (Milton Bradley, 1932) (reprinted as The Peking Battles Cape Horn (Sea History Press, 1977 ISBN 0-930248-02-3)
* Johnson, Irving. Around Cape Horn (film) (Mystic Seaport, 1985) (from original 16 mm footage shot by Irving Johnson, 1929)

## External links

* The History of Shaftesbury Homes and the Arethusa, giving details of the purchase of the Pekin/Peking
* Around Cape Horn in the Peking, by Captain Irving Johnson, 1929

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